2019-2020學(xué)年甘肅省蘭州市第一高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語試題 解析版_第1頁
2019-2020學(xué)年甘肅省蘭州市第一高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語試題 解析版_第2頁
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蘭州2019-2020-2學(xué)期期中考試

高二英語說明:本試卷分第I卷(選擇題)和第H卷(非選擇題)兩部分。滿分120分,考試時間100分鐘。答案寫在答題卡上,交卷時只交答題卡。第I卷(選擇題)第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題,每小題2分,滿分30分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。AWelookaheadtoLondon'sartandexhibitionopeningsandselectthemust-seeshows.DoublescienceIt'sabigmonthfortheScienceMuseum,withanewgalleryandanexhibitionopening.TheScienceCitygallerytellsthestoryofLondonbetween1550and1800whenmajorscientificbreakthroughswerehappeningacrossthecity—fromNewton'slawsofphysicstothebirthofmicroscopesallowingustoseethetinycreaturesthatliveamongus.Ifthatisn'tenoughthere'salsoanexhibitiononhowarcandsciencehaveworkedcloselytogetheroverthecenturiesandcontinuetodosotoday.ScienceCity1550—1800:TheLinburyGalleryattheScienceMuseum.Opens12September_13October,free.TheArtofInnovation:FromEnlightenmenttoDarkMatterattheScienceMuseum.25September-26January,freebutticketed.Areyouworriedyet?Weallsufferfromanxiety.Artistslookintothisthroughartworksthatbringtolighttheirownanxietiesorhowpeoplelivingwithanxietymanage.Theexhibitionalsocoverswhatanxietywouldlooklikeifitcouldbevisualisedinlightorsound—somethingweimaginetobeimpossible.OnEdge:LivinginanAgeofAnxietyatScienceGallery.19September_19January,free.ClimbingthewallsNoartisthasmadeabiggercareeroutofplacingsculpturesofhumanfiguresallovertheplace.AntonyGormley,theartistbehindtheAngeloftheNorthandsculpturesstandingalloverLondon,【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Instead,theresearcherwantstoidentify(heenzyme(hathelpsdegradetheplastic.Theresearchersays,maybewecanfindthemolecule(分子)andproduceitonanindustriallevekratherthanusingamiWonwormsinaplasticbag.u相反,研究人員想要找出幫助降解塑料的陋。研究人員說,也許我們可以找到這種分子并進(jìn)行工業(yè)化生產(chǎn),而不是用一百萬只蠕蟲裝在一個塑料袋里。”由此可知,Bertocchini后來的研究重點可能是塑料降解酶的結(jié)構(gòu)。故選A。【15題詳解】標(biāo)題判斷題。根據(jù)第?段Thoughplasticshoppingbagsarecheapanduseful,theycausewidespreadpollution.Now,wcmayhaveanunlikelyhelpertohelpcleanupourgarbage—asmallwaxworm.“雖然塑料購物袋便宜又有用,但它們造成了廣泛的污染?,F(xiàn)在,我們可能有了一個意想不到的幫手來幫我們清理垃圾一只小蠟蟲?!庇纱丝芍?,B項Waxwormshaveanappetiteforplastic.(蠟蟲喜歡吃塑料。)為最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題,每小題2分,滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多于選項。Everyoneisbornwiththeabilitytolearn.Therearenormallytwotypesoflearninginourdailylifeandstudy—activelearningandpassive(被動的)learning.16Thiswillhelpyoudevelopahabitofactivelearninggradually.171betthatnoonesitsdowntoreadwiththepurposeofnotgettingthecontents.ButI'msurethatsomeofyouhavebeeninasituation,probablymorethanonce,whereyoureadanassignment,closedthebookandthought“whatthewordwasabout',.18Activereaders,on(heotherhand,setgoalsandchecktheirunderstandingastheyread.Whentheyfinish,theycanexplainthemainpointsandknowthatthey'veseenwhattheyhaveread.Activelearnersthinkaboutinformationdeeplyandcritically.Beingthoughtfulisanimportantpariofactivelearning,becauseitmeansthatyouareanalyzingandabsorbingtheinformation.19Forinstance,youmaymakeconnectionsbetweenthenewinformationandwhatyoualreadyknow,idenlifyconceptsthatyoumaynotunderstandverywell,orevaluatetheimportanceofwhatyouarereading.Anactivelearnerconsidersconstantlyinthisway.Incontrast,passivelearnersmayreadthetextandlistentolecturesandevenunderstandmostofwhatisreadandheard.20Allinall,behaviorofanactiveleamerandapassiveonevariesgreatly.Equippingyourselfwithstudystrategies(策略)ofactivelearnersmayevenluallyhelpyoubeeoneof(hemPassivelearnerswon'tbestrictwiththemselves.Youneedtoknowsomedifferencesbetweenthem.Inotherwords,youareprocessingwhatyouread.However,thatimportantstepofreflectingonitisnottaken.Activelearnersacceptmuchoftheresponsibilityforlearning.Wheninteractingwiththe(extinthisway,youaredoingpassively.Activelearnersstudywith(hepurposeofgraspingandmemorizinginformation.[答案】16.B17.G18.F19.C20.D【解析】本文為說明文。本文講述學(xué)習(xí)通常有兩種類型:主動學(xué)習(xí)和被動學(xué)習(xí),介紹了它們之間的區(qū)別。【16題詳解】根據(jù)前一句可知,學(xué)習(xí)通常有兩種類型,故了解它們之間的區(qū)別有助于養(yǎng)成主動學(xué)習(xí)的習(xí)慣,因此B項Youneedtoknowsomedifferencesbetweenthem(你需要知道它們之間的區(qū)別)符合語境,故選B。【"題詳解】根據(jù)本段主要內(nèi)容可知,本段講述什么是主動學(xué)習(xí),故選項GActivelearnersstudywiththepurposeofgraspingandmemorizinginformation.(主動學(xué)習(xí)者的學(xué)習(xí)目的是為了掌握和記憶信息。)符合語境,故選G。【18題詳解】根據(jù)上文I'msurethatsomeofyouhavebeeninasituation,probablymorethanonce,whereyoureadanassignment,closedthebookandthoughtwhat(heworldwasabout(我相信你們中的一些人,可能不止一次地遇到過這樣的情況,你們讀到一個任務(wù),合上書,思考這個詞是什么意思).可知,作者所講述的情形不屬于主動學(xué)習(xí),因此F項Wheninteractingwiththetextinthisway,youaredoingpassively.(當(dāng)你用這種方式與文本互動時,你是被動的。)符合語境,故選F?!?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文Beingthoughtfulisanimportantpartofactivelearning,becauseitmeansthatyouarcanalyzingandabsorbingtheinformation.(深思熟慮是主動學(xué)習(xí)的一個重要部分,因為這意味著你在分析和吸收信息。)句中的“analyzingandabsorbing【heinformation(分析和吸收信息)”與C項Inotherwords,youareprocessingwhatyouread(換句話說,你在加工你讀到的東西。)中“processingwhatyouread(力口工你讀至lj的東西)”為對等關(guān)系,故該選項符合陪境,故選C?!?0題詳解】由本段的前兩句Activelearnersthinkaboutinformationdeeplyandcritically.Beingthoughtfulisanimportantpartofactivelearning,becauseitmeansthatyouareanalyzingandabsorbingtheinformation.(主動學(xué)習(xí)者對信息進(jìn)行深入和批判性的思考。深思熟慮是主動學(xué)習(xí)的一個重要部分,因為這意味著你在分析和吸收信息。)可知,反思是主動學(xué)習(xí)和被動學(xué)習(xí)之間的重要區(qū)別,而前一句passivelearnersmayreadthetextandlistentolecturesandevenunderstandmostofwhatisreadandheard.(被動學(xué)習(xí)者可能會閱讀文本和聽講座,甚至理解大部分讀和聽的內(nèi)容。)他們沒有反思環(huán)節(jié),因此D項However,thatimportantstepofreflectingonitisnottaken.(然而,卻沒有采取反思這一重要步驟。)符合語境,故選D。第二部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。Thepast10monthshasbeenthemostinfluentialmonthsofmylife.Asajunior.IleftmyfbrtablehomeinIllinoisand21goingtotheNavajoIndianReservationinArizona.ThereIattendedalocalpoorly-equippedschooland22foranadventure.Iexperiencedsomany23whenIarrived,fightingeachdayto24inanewsocialenvironment—overingracialdifferences,handlingsocial25andbeingchallengedbythepollutedenvironment.However,I26thatIcouldcreatechangeaswelllateron.DuringthesummervacationI27tobeacounselor(顧問)atanEasterSealscampforpeoplewith28needswhorequireassistancebecauseofdisabilities—improvingtheirabilitytodothingsalone—insteadofchoosinga29teensummerjob.ItwasthemosttiringworkI'deverexperiencedbutthemost30IknewthatI'dhelpedimproveover850campers'31.Asthenewschoolyearbegan,ourdepartmenthadarenovation(翻新).Iofferedtohelpcleanupallthe32books.Insteadofrecyclinghundredsofthosebooks,I33thedepartment(hac(hebookscouldserveahigher34.Thissimpleactresultedinanall-outbookdrive35(heschoolsinArizona.Wecurrentlyhaveboxesofbookswailingtobe

shipped.Thesebookswillmakea36totheentiremunity'seducationalsystem,enablingteachersandstudentstogel37toinvaluableresources.The10-monthexperienceinArizona38megreatly.Itmademebeeapersonwithpatience,appreciation,determination,and39enthusiasm.Itrustthatitisthroughenthusiasm,ideasandactionthatallchangescan40.21.A.requiredB.riskedC.escapedI).considered22.A.settledonB.settledhackC.settledupI).settledin23.A.pleasuresB.wondersC.blowsD.burdens24.A.sun'iveB.succeedC.recoverD.return25.A.casesB.municationsC.conflictsD.responsibilities26.A.discoveredB.expectedC.admittedD.remembered27.A.promisedB.decidedC.affordedD.learned28.A.basicB.normalC.specialD.natural29.A.uniqueB.practicalC.popularD.mon30.A.interestingB.rewardingC.demandingD.appealing31.A.patienceB.independenceC.intelligenceD.confidence32.A.unturnedB.valuableC.usefulD.unwanted33.A.remindedB.foiledC.infbrnicd【).convinced34.A.planB.targetC.purposeD.standard35.A.benefitingB.satisfyingC.representingD.observing36.A.differenceB.pointC.requestD.reservation37.A.connectionB.permissionC.accessD.reference38.A.transformedB.defeatedC.trickedD.impressed39.A.afterallB.aboveallC.atlargeI).atleast40.A.helpB.spreadC.matterI).occur【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A25.C26.A27.B28.(二29.D30.B31.B32.D33.D34.C35.A36.A37.C38.,A39.B40.D【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者敘述了自己在亞利桑那州十個月的經(jīng)歷。在那里,作者經(jīng)歷了很多打擊,同時也幫助了很多人。這次經(jīng)歷讓作者改變很多?!?1題詳解】考杳動詞詞義辨析。句意:大三的時候,我離開了伊利諾斯州舒適的家,冒著風(fēng)險去了亞利桑那州的納瓦霍印第安人保留地。A.required要求;B.risked冒險;C.escaped逃脫;D.considered考慮。根據(jù)前面的Mleftmyfortablehomen和第二個空后面的“anadventure”可知,作者去亞利桑那州是冒著?定風(fēng)險的。故選B?!?2題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意:在那里,我上了當(dāng)?shù)匾凰O(shè)備簡陋的,并開始了一段冒險之旅。A.settledon選定;B.settledback仰坐;C.settledup付清;D.settledin安頓下來,適應(yīng)下來。作者到達(dá)亞利桑那州,在那里安頓下來,準(zhǔn)備開始自己的冒險經(jīng)歷。故選D?!?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)我來到這里的時候,我經(jīng)歷了很多打擊,每天都在為在一個新的社會環(huán)境中生存而奮斗,克服種族差異,處理社會沖突,面對被污染的環(huán)境的挑戰(zhàn)。A.pleasures樂事,快樂;B.wonders奇跡;C.blows猛擊,打擊;D.burdens負(fù)擔(dān)。根據(jù)下文中的"racialdifferences,socialconflictsandthepollutedenvironment”可知,作者在那里要面對種族差異,社會沖突,被污染的環(huán)境,由此推知,作者經(jīng)受了很多“打擊”。故選C。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)我來到這里的時候,我經(jīng)歷了很多打擊,每天都在為在一個新的社會環(huán)境中生存而奮斗,克服種族差異,處理社會沖突,面對被污染的環(huán)境的挑戰(zhàn)。A.survive幸存,存活;B.succeed成功;C.recover恢復(fù);D.relum返回。在新的環(huán)境中,作者每天都要為了“生存”而奮斗,要克服種族差異,處理社會沖突,面對被污染的環(huán)境的挑戰(zhàn)。故選A?!?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)我來到這里的時候,我經(jīng)歷了很多打擊,每天都在為在一個新的社會環(huán)境中生存而奮斗,克服種族差異,處理社會沖突,面對被污染的環(huán)境的挑戰(zhàn)。A.cases情況;B.munications交流;C.conflicts沖突;D.responsibilities責(zé)任。結(jié)合空前的"racialdifferences”和空后的athepollutedenvironmentv可知,該空應(yīng)該填一個“貶義詞”,要體現(xiàn)作者面對的不好的事物。結(jié)合選項,只有C選項符合。socialconflicts意為:社會沖突。故選Co【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:然而,我發(fā)現(xiàn)我也可以創(chuàng)造改變。A.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn);B.expected期望,預(yù)料;C.admitted承認(rèn);D.remembered記住。結(jié)合下文中作者的經(jīng)歷體驗可知,作者“發(fā)現(xiàn)”自己可以創(chuàng)造改變。故選A?!?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:在暑假期間,我決定在復(fù)活節(jié)海豹營做一名顧問,幫助那些有特殊需要的人,因為殘疾而需要幫助,提高他們獨自做事情的能力,而不是選擇一個普通的青少年暑期工作。A.promised承諾;B.decided決定;C.afforded負(fù)擔(dān)得起:D.learned學(xué)習(xí)。結(jié)合第九空前面的choosing可知,作者在暑假選擇做一名復(fù)活節(jié)海豹營的顧問。選項中只有“decide(決定)”與之意思相呼應(yīng),故選B?!?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:在暑假期間,我決定在復(fù)活節(jié)海豹營做一名顧問,幫助那些有特殊需要的人,他們因為殘疾而需要幫助,提高他們獨自做事情的能力,而不是選擇一個普通的青少年暑期工作。A.basic基本的;B.normal正常的;C.special特殊的;D.natural自然的。根據(jù)后面的disabilities可知,作者想要幫助那些身患?xì)埣驳娜?。這些人和正常人相比有“特殊的”需求。故選C?!?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:在暑假期間,我決定在復(fù)活節(jié)海豹營做一名顧問,幫助那些有特殊需要的人,他們因為殘疾而需要幫助,提高他們獨自做事情的能力,而不是選擇一個普通的青少年暑期工作。A.unique獨一無二的;B.practical實際的;C.popular流行的,受歡迎的;D.mon共同的,普通的。根據(jù)insteadof可知,作者選擇的是幫助那些殘疾人,而不是做一個“普通的”青少年暑期工作。故選D。【30題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:這是我經(jīng)歷過的最累人的工作,但也是我所知道的最有價值的工作,因為我?guī)椭?50多名露營者提高了獨立性。A.interesting有趣的;B.rewarding有益的,值得的;C.demanding要求高的;D.appealing有吸引力的。根據(jù)but轉(zhuǎn)折可知,雖然這項工作很累人,但是因為幫助了別人,所以這項工作也是非?!爸档玫摹薄9蔬xB?!?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:這是我經(jīng)歷過的最累人的工作,但也是我所知道的最有價值的工作,因為我?guī)椭?50多名露營者提高了獨立性。A.patience耐心;B.independence獨立;C.intelligenceD.confidence信心。根據(jù)上文中的uimprovingtheirabilitylodothingsalonen可知,作者提高的是那些殘疾人獨立做事的能力,即他們的“獨立性”。故選B?!?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:我提出幫忙清理所有不需要的書。A.unturned未翻轉(zhuǎn)的;B.valuable寶貴的;C.useful有用的;D.unwanted不需要的。根據(jù)后面的“recycling”可知,這些書都是一些不再被需要的書,因此需要清理。故選D?!?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:我說服了有關(guān)部門,這些書可以為一個更高的目的服務(wù),而不是回收數(shù)百本這樣的書。A.reminded提醒,使想起;B.forted安慰;C.in數(shù)rmed通知,告知;D.convinced使信服。有關(guān)部門原來打算要回收這些書,但是作者認(rèn)為這些書可以為更高的目的服務(wù),所以作者需要“說服”相關(guān)部門,使他們相信這些書有更好的用處。故選D”【34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:我說服了有關(guān)部門,這些書可以為一個更高的目的服務(wù),而不是回收數(shù)百本這樣的書。A.plan計劃;B.targel目標(biāo):C.purpose目的;D.standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。根據(jù)該段最后一句"Thesebookswillmakea16totheentiremunity'seducationalsystem,enablingteachersandstudentsloget17toinvaluableresourcesM可知,這些書對整個社會的教育體系起了很大的作用,由此可知,作者認(rèn)為這些書可以為更高的目的服務(wù)。故選C?!?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:這個簡單的舉動導(dǎo)致了一場全面的圖書活動,使得亞利桑那州受益頗多。A.benefiting使受益;B.satisfying使?jié)M意;C.representing代表;D.observing觀測。根據(jù)該段最后一句“Thesebookswillmakea16totheentiremunity'seducationalsystem,enablingteachersandstudentsloget17loinvaluableresourcesw可知,這些書對整個社會的教育體系起了很大的作用,使學(xué)生和老師得到了寶貴的資源。由此可知,這些書使受益。故選Ao【36題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:這些書將改變整個社會的教育系統(tǒng),使教師和學(xué)生能夠獲得寶貴的資源。A.difference區(qū)別;B.point點,意義;C.request請求;D.reservation預(yù)約,預(yù)定。這些書給學(xué)生和老師提供了寶貴的資源,因此,這些書對整個教育體系“起了作用"。makeadifference”起作用,有影響”。故選A?!?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:這些書將改變整個社會的教育系統(tǒng),使教師和學(xué)生能夠獲得寶貴的資源。A.connection聯(lián)系;B.permission允許:C.access通道,進(jìn)入,使用權(quán);D.reference參考,涉及,提及。這些書使得學(xué)生和老師可以得到寶貴的資源。getaccesstosth.“可以得到某物,可以使用某物"。故選C。【38題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:在亞利桑那州10個月的經(jīng)歷極大地改變了我。A.transformed轉(zhuǎn)換,改變;B.defeated擊敗,挫?。籆.tricked欺編,哄騙;D.impressed給予某人深刻印象。根據(jù)下面的“Itmademebeeapersonwithpatience,appreciation,delenninationM可知,這10個月的經(jīng)歷改變了作者,使作者變得有耐心。故選A?!?9題詳解】考查固定短語辨析。句意:它使我成為一個有耐心、有欣賞力、有決心的人,最重要的是,它使我成為了一個有熱情的人。A.afterall畢竟,終究;B.aboveall首先,最重要的是;C.atlarge詳盡的;D.atleast至少。根據(jù)下一句"itisthroughenthusiasm,ideasandactionthatallchangescan20可知,作者認(rèn)為熱情,想法和行動很重要。所以,該句應(yīng)指:它使我成為一個有耐心、有欣賞力、有決心的人,最重要的是,它使我變成了一個有熱情的人。故選B。40題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意:我相信,通過熱情、想法和行動,所有的改變都會發(fā)生。A.help幫助;B.spread傳播;C.matter重要,要緊;D.occur發(fā)生。熱情,想法和行動對產(chǎn)生變化,因此,通過熱情、想法和行動,所有的改變都會“發(fā)生”。故選D。第II卷(非選擇題)第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Hashtag,apetdogasagiftfromafriendto41(bright)upmyday,savedmylife—notonce,buttwice.MyhusbandandIhadbeenexpectingtheexciting42(arrive)ofhimformonthsbeforeHashtagcameintoourhomeinthewinter.IwasstrugglingwithdepressionandsuddenlyIhadsomethingelse43(require)myattention.Ihadbeenovercbynegativethoughtsplctcly,butnowIhad44senseofpurpose.Icouldn'tgiveup.Oncerealizingthat,Ibecame45(energy).Ifocusedongivinghimtrainingandaffection,andwalkingwithhim.Finally,Igotovermydepression18monthslater.There'snodoubt46Hashtagplayedanimportantroleinmyrecovery.Then,lastDecember,we47(sleep)deeplywhenafirestartedinourlivingroom.Barkingdownstairs48(unusual),Hashtagwokeusupandallowedus49(grasp)theseriousnessofoursituation.Withinmoments,wewerestandingoutside.There'snotellingwhatcouldhavehappened50Hashtag'swarning.Idon'thavethewordstodescribehowgratefulIfeelfbrthewarningtohim.【答案】41.brightenarrivalrequiringa45.energetic46.that47.weresleepingunusuallytograspwithout【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者養(yǎng)了一只狗,不僅治好了作者的抑郁,還救了作者兩次?!?1題詳解】考查動詞。分析句式可知,此處是動詞不定式短語后置定語修飾名詞gift,根據(jù)前面的t??芍?用動詞原形,bright是形容詞,其動詞形式是brighten。故填brighten?!?2題詳解】考杳名詞。句意:在這個冬天Hashtag進(jìn)入我們家之前,我和我的丈夫已經(jīng)期待它激動人心的到來好幾個月了。根據(jù)空前的theexciting可知,此處要用名詞。故填arrival?!?3題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意:我一直在和抑郁作斗爭,突然間我有別的事情需要我去注意。設(shè)空處所給詞是做something的后置定語,且與something是主動關(guān)系,因此,用現(xiàn)在分詞做后置定語。故填requiring,,【44題詳解】考查冠詞。句意:我完全被消極的想法所征服,但現(xiàn)在我有了目標(biāo)感。asenseof一種…的感覺,是固定短語。故填a?!?5題詳解】考查形容詞。句意:一旦意識到這一點,我就變得充滿活力。bee是系動詞,后跟形容詞作表語。故填energetiCo【46題詳解】考查固定句型。句意:毫無疑問,Hashtag在我的康復(fù)過程中發(fā)揮了重要作用。Thereisnodoubtthat是固定句型,意思是“毫無疑問…”,此句型中that引導(dǎo)的是同位語從句。結(jié)合句意。故填thato【47題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意:去年12月,我們熟睡的時候,客廳著火了。根據(jù)句意和語境可知,著火時我們正在睡覺。因此,用進(jìn)行時bedoing,根據(jù)時間狀語lastDecember可知,是過去發(fā)生的事情,主語是we,be用were。故填weresleeping?!?8題詳解】考查副詞。句意:Hashtag不尋常地在樓下狂吠,喚醒了我們,讓我們意識到自己處境的嚴(yán)重性。設(shè)空處是修飾含動詞意義的barking,用副詞形式,故填unusually?!?9題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。allowsbtodosth是固定用法,意思是“允許某人做某事"。故填tograsp。【50題詳解】考查介詞。句意:如果沒有Hashtag的警告,誰也不知道會發(fā)生什么。根據(jù)句意可知,此處需用介詞without。故填without),【點睛】時態(tài)是??伎键c,除了要求考生掌握各個時態(tài)的基本用法之外,考生需具有在具體語境中辨別能力。時態(tài)的判定往往根據(jù)句中所給的直接或間接的時間狀語來判定,但要注意的是不能完全依賴于所給出的時間狀語,還要看語境。本題第7小題考查的是時態(tài),本題有個很明顯的時間狀語根據(jù)句意和語境可知,著火時我們正在睡覺。因此,用進(jìn)行時bedoing,根據(jù)時間狀語lastDecember可知,是過去發(fā)生的事情,主語是we,be用were。第三部分寫作(共兩節(jié),滿分35分)第一節(jié)短文改錯(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)51.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤,每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個漏詞符號(八),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。takesovertheRoyalAcademyofArtswithablockbusting(轟動一時的)exhibition.Thisisthehotartticketintown.AntonyGormleyatRoyalAcademyofArts.21October—3December,£18一22.WhatisonshowintheScienceCitygallery?A.Someofthegreatestphysicists.B.ThestoriesoftheLondondevelopment.C.Thepredictionofthefuturescience.D.Someofthegreatachievementsinhistory.Whichexhibitionallowsvisitors(ogeeafeelinginanewway?A.TheArtofInnovation.B.OnEdge.C.RoyalAcademyofArts.D.ScienceCity1550—1800.Whencanvisitorsseethesefourexhibitionsaltogether?A.InJanuary.B.InSeptember.C.InOctober.D.InDecember.【答案】l.D2.B3.C【解析】本文為應(yīng)用文,介紹了倫敦的藝術(shù)和展覽開幕,并推薦了幾個必看的展覽?!?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Doublescience部分TheScienceCitygallerytellsthestoryofLondonbetween1550and18(X)whenmajorscientificbreakthroughswerehappeningacrossthecityfromNewtonslawsofphysicstothebirthofmicroscopesallowingustoseethetinycreaturesthatliveamongus.(科學(xué)城畫廊講述了倫敦在1550年到1800年間發(fā)生的故事,從牛頓物理定律到顯微鏡的誕生讓我們得以看到生活在我們身邊的微小生物。)可知在theScienceCitygallery可以目睹歷史上的一些偉大成就,故選D?!?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Areyouworriedyet?部分Theexhibitionalsocoverswhatanxietywouldlooklikeifitcouldbevisualisedinlightorsound—somethingweimaginetobeimpossible.(該展覽還涵蓋了焦慮在光線或聲音中會是什么樣子一這是我們認(rèn)為不可能的事情)可知,在展覽中能讓游客有耳目一新的感覺,故選B。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中aScienceCity1550—1800:TheLinburyGalleryattheScienceMuseum.刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改:在錯的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意:1、每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2、只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計分Ihatetosaysorry,andthere'sanunexpectedchangeinmyschoolarrangements.Besides,TmafraidIcannotkeepmyappointmenttodiscussaboutChinesepaintingswithyouthisThursday.Isincerelyapologizedtoyouforanyinconveniencecausingbythechange.GoodnewsisthatanexhibitionofChinesepaintingsaretobeheldonSunday.TheexhibitscoverworksbyQiBaishi,whichworkshaveinfluencedthedevelopmentofChinesepaintings.IsuggestweputoffuntilSundaybecausetheexhibitionisworththevisit.Inthisway,wccanhaveadiscussionwhileenjoyingworksfromsomefamouspainter.Willthatbefine?【答案】Land-butBesides-*Thcrefbrc/Thus刪除discuss后的aboutapologized-apologizecausing-*causedare-*iswhichfwhoseput后加itthefapainter-*painters【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是一封致歉信。作者因為安排的改變向朋友道歉,并重新商定參觀和討論中國畫的時間。【詳解】1.考查并列連詞。句意:我討厭說抱歉,但在我的安排有了一個意外的改變。根據(jù)句意可知,上下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故將and改為but。.考查副詞。句意:因此,我恐怕不能遵守周二和你見面討論中國畫的約定。根據(jù)句意可知是,上下文是因果關(guān)系,故將Besides改為Therefor/Thus。.考查及物動詞。discuss是及物動詞,其后直接接賓語,故刪除discuss后的about。.考查時態(tài)。文章是一封道歉信,根據(jù)語境可知,應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時,故將apologized改為apologizeo.考查非謂語動詞。分析句子可知,此處應(yīng)用非謂語動詞作后置定語,邏輯主語inconvenience和cause之間是被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用過去分詞,故將causing改為caused。.考查主謂一致。分析句子可知本句主語是anexhibition,該詞是單數(shù),應(yīng)用is,故將are改為is。.考查定語從句。分析句子可知,此處是定語從句關(guān)系詞,先行詞QiBaishi在句中充當(dāng)works的定語,應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whose,故將which改為whose。.考查代詞。句意:我建議我們把它推遲到周日,因為這次展覽值得參觀。根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,短語putoff缺少賓語,應(yīng)用it指代上文出現(xiàn)的“和您討論中國畫”這件事,故在put后加it。.考查冠詞。根據(jù)句意可知,這里的“參觀”是泛指,應(yīng)用不定冠詞,又visit是輔音音素開頭,故將the改為a。.考查名詞的數(shù)。句意:這樣,我們可以一邊欣賞來自其他畫家的作品一邊討論。painter為可數(shù)名詞根據(jù)句意和some判斷此處用painter的復(fù)數(shù)形式,故將painler改為painters0第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)(滿分25分)52.假定你是李華,打算報名參加2022年北京冬奧會全球志愿者。你的新西蘭筆友Tim有相關(guān)經(jīng)驗,請你給他寫一封郵件,內(nèi)容包括:.你的打算;.尋求幫助;.期待回復(fù)。注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫?!敬鸢浮緿earTom,ameagerlyplanningtoapplytobeavolunteerforBeijing2022OlympicWinterGames.Knowingthatyouhaverelevantexperience,I'mwritingtoaskafavorfromyou.Tobeginwith,pleasetellmewhalIshouldprepareinadvanceaswellastheresponsibilitiesandrightsofvolunteers.Besides,sinceaconvincingapplicationisofvitalimporlance.couldyougivemesomedirectiononhowtowriteit?What'smore,Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldshareyourvolunteerexperiencewithmeindetail,whichIthinkwillhelpmebeesomewhatfamiliarwiththiskindofwork.I'mlookingforwardtohearingfromyousoon.Yourstruly,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文,要求寫一封信?!驹斀狻康?步:根據(jù)提示可知,本篇為一封信;假定你打算報名參加2022年北京冬奧會全球志愿者。你的新西蘭筆友Tim有相關(guān)經(jīng)驗,請你給他寫一封郵件,內(nèi)容包括:1.你的打算;2.尋求幫助;3.期待回復(fù)。人稱使用第一人稱;時態(tài)應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時、一?般將來時。第2步:根據(jù)寫作要求,確定關(guān)鍵詞(組),如:applyto申請;relevantexperience相關(guān)經(jīng)歷;askafavor請求幫助;vitalimportance至關(guān)重要;prepareinadvance提前準(zhǔn)備;indetail詳細(xì)等。第3步:根據(jù)提示及關(guān)鍵詞(組)進(jìn)行遣詞造句,注意主謂一致和時態(tài)問題。第4步:連句成文,注意使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞進(jìn)行句子之間的銜接與過渡,書寫一定要規(guī)范清晰,保持整潔美觀的卷面是非常重要的?!军c睛】本文內(nèi)容完整,語言規(guī)范,語篇連貫,詞數(shù)適當(dāng)。作者在范文中使用了較多高級表達(dá)方式,如Tobeginwith,pleasetellmewhatIshouldprepareinadvanceaswellas(heresponsibilitiesandrightsofvolunleers.賓語AK句的運用;What'smore,Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldshareyourvolunteerexperiencewithmeindetail,which1thinkwillhelpmebccsomewhatfamiliarwiththiskindofwork.定語從句的運用,全文中沒有中國式英語的句式,顯示了很高的駕馭英語的能力。另外,文章思路清晰、層次分明,上下句轉(zhuǎn)換自然,為文章增色添彩。Opens12September—13October,free.","TheArtofInnovation:FromEnlightenmenttoDarkMatteraltheScienceMuseum.25September_26January,freebutticketed.M,“OnEdge:LivinginanAgeofAnxietyatScienceGallery.19September-19January,free."和AntonyGormleyatRoyalAcademyofArts.21October_3December,£18—22.”可知ScienceCity1550—1800,TheArtofInnovation,OnEdge和AntonyGormleyatRoyalAcademyofArts.這四個展覽的展出時間都包括了十月份,故選C。BChandlerSmithgrewupbeingtold(hathewouldneveracplishhisdreamofbeingaDivision1athlete.At5'8"talland195pounds,Chandlerwasonthesmallsidetobeoneofthe“greats”.Yetevenasahighschoolathletehedecidedtoworknonstoptoachievehisgoals.AfterbeingacceptedontotheUniversityofHoustonfootballteam.Chandlercontinuedtotrytomakeanameforhimselfonthefield.Chandlersatonthebenchfbrhisentirefreshmanyearincollege.Sophomoreyearhesawmoreaction.t4Ididn'tthinkIwasgoingtoplaylastyear,butIhadtoalwaysbeready,“hesaid.AtthestartofChandler'sjunioryeartheteam'smanagementpulledhimasideanddroppedalife-changing,andcareer-confirmingofferinhislap:Afterthreeyearsontheteamasawalk-onrunningback.Smithwasbeinggivenafullscholarship!”Myheartdropped,''Smithsaid."Ididn'tevenknowwhattofeelorwhattothink.Itwasafeelingof'wow'.Thisisreallyhappening.Alltnyhardworkhaspaidoff.”ChandlercalledhismotherShawntotellherthenews,butwhenhisfatherRichardwasn'tavailable,hetoldhernottospillihebeans.Laterhewenthome,andchattedaboutthefootballseasonwithhisfather.44Icouldbegettingthefirstkickoff,“hetoldhisdad.Withoutmissingabeat,Chandlerthenslippedintherealnews:"Somethingelsedad,theytoldmetheyputmeonafullscholarship?'“What?”Richardyelled,jumpingfromthesofaandwrappinghissoninatightembrace.''Congratulations!Hardwork."Thenhewalkedaroundthelivingroom,clearlytooexcitedtositstill.“Seeinghisreaction,IjustbrokedownintearsbecauseIknowthisissomethingwchavebeentalkingaboutandexpectingfbralongChandlersaid."Tofinallygetitandseethebenefitsofyourhardworkfeltreallygood.^^HowdidChandlermakeittotheUniversityofHoustonfootballteam?A.Heshowedhistalent.B.Hehadstrongdetermination.C.Heearnedhisname.D.Heusedphysicalstrengths.C.Heearnedhisname.WhatwasChandler'sfeelingonreceivingthegoodnews?A.Hewasthrilled.B.Hewascontrolled.C.Hewasconfused.D.Hewassatisfied.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“spillthebeans“inparagraph3mean?A.Giveawaythesecret.B.Throwoffthebeans..C.Prepareforthecelebration.I).Holdbackthefeelings.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesRichardasafather?A.Humorous.B.Ambitious.C.Supportive.I).Demanding.【答案】4.B5.A6.A7.C【解析】本文是一篇記敘文,講述了身體條件并不占優(yōu)勢的錢德爾史密斯努力實現(xiàn)自己的足球夢想,最終進(jìn)入休斯頓大學(xué)足球隊并獲得全額獎學(xué)金的故事?!?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的44ChandlerSmithgrewupbeingtoldthathewouldneveracplishhisdreamofbeingaDivision1athlete.M及uYetevenasahighschoolathletehedecidedtoworknonstoptoachievehisgoals.n可知,錢德爾史密斯從小就被告知他永遠(yuǎn)不會實現(xiàn)成為一名?級運動員的夢想,然而,即使是作為一名高中運動員,他還是決定能不斷努力來實現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo),由此可知,錢德爾是憑借自己的決心進(jìn)入休斯頓大學(xué)足球隊的,故B項正確。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“"Myheartdropped,“Smithsaid.U1didn'tevenknowwhattofeelorwhattothink.Itwasafeelingof'wow'.Thisisreallyhappening.Allmyhardworkhaspaid”可知,錢德爾說:“我的心臟都快要跳『出來,我甚至都不知道該怎么感覺,怎么想,那是一種很爽的感覺,我所有的努力都得到了回報”,由此可知,當(dāng)收到自己獲得全額獎學(xué)金這個消息時,錢德爾非常激動,故A項正確。【6題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線短語前的"whenhisfatherRichardwasn'tavailable,"可知,錢德爾打告訴母親自己獲得全額獎學(xué)金這個好消息時父親剛好不在,再根據(jù)畫線短語后的“Withoutmissingabeat,Chandlerthenslippedintherealnews:"Somethingelsedad,theytoldmetheyputmeona「Wscholarship.”可知,接著,錢德爾不慌不忙地把自己獲得全額獎學(xué)金的事情告訴了父親,因此此處是說他告訴母親不要把自己獲得全額獎學(xué)金這個消息透漏給父親,由此可知畫線短語的意思是“泄露秘密”,故A項正確。7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“thisissomethingwehavebeentalkingaboutandexpectingforalongtime,”可知,父親一直和錢德爾討論如何才能獲得全額獎學(xué)金,并一直期待他能獲得這份榮譽,由此可知,父親支持錢德爾努力實現(xiàn)自己的足球夢想,故C項正確。CIt'smonknowledgethatsomecountrieshavehigherlifeexpectancies(預(yù)期壽命)thanothers,butthecityyouliveincanalsoaffectyourhealth.Somecitiesarchardontheircitizens.Inplaceswithpoorcityplanning—LagoswascalledoutrecentlybytheEconomistIntelligenceUnit—publicspacesarefewandfarbetween,makingoutdooractivitieshard.Lackofinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)jamsthestreetswithcarsandtheairwithpollutants,andpeopleworklonghoursforlittlemoneyThesearejustsomeofthefactorsconcludedbySpotahome,arentalagency.They'veanalyzeddatafromarangeofsources,includingtheWorldHealthOrganization,TripadvisorandtheCIAWorldFactbooktoscoreeachcityonhealth,gymavailabilityandquality,lifeexpectancy,obesity(肥胖),greenspaceandotherelementstoworkoutalistoftheworld'shealthiestcitiesThelistiscertainlyEuro-ccntricbutcontinuoussunshineisseenasapositivething,evenifitmaybemoreofadisadvantageinotherregions.Butitdocsgosomewaytowardssuggestingwhichcitiesaregettingitrightinprovidingagoodlifefortheirinhabitants.ItmaynotbesurprisingtolearnthatmostofthehealthiestcitiesareinnorthernEurope,knownforitspeople-firstapproachtocityplanning.AustraliaandCanadaalsodowell—butAlaska,thefirstU.S.cityisonlyin34lhplace.TheU.K.doesn'tfaretoowelleither—itsonlycityinthetop50listisLondon,in40山.Whetheryou'replanningawholesomeholiday,orsimplywonderingwhatyourcitycandobetter,thislistofthe50healthiestcitieswillgiveyoupauseforthought.Herearetheattractive,healthy-eating,clean-airedcitiesthataregellingitright.Whyarcsomecitiesdifficulttoliveinaccordingtothetext?A.Theairisheavilypolluted.B.Thereisnocityplanning.D.Publicplacesarelimited.C.Outdooractivitiesaren'tavailable.D.Publicplacesarelimited.HowdidSpotahomelisttheworld'shealthiestcities?Byfiguringoutthecity'sgreenarea.Bygaininginformationviavariouspeople.CByanalyzingdifferentaspectsofthecities.D.Byselectingthosewiththehighestlifeexpectancy.Whatdocsthelistaimtohelppeopledo?Formhealthyeatinghabits.Choosearightplaceforaholiday.Beeawareofattractivenessofcities.Reflectthefutureofthecityplanning.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Adiary.B.Aguidebook.C.Anovel.D.Amagazine.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.D【解析】【分析】本文是說明文。研究者們通過調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)城市規(guī)劃會影響居民的健康。通過如健康、綠化、壽命、陽光等因素的評分,研究者們列出了一個世界上最健康的城市的清單?!?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Inplaceswithpoorcityplanning—LagoswascalledoutrecentlybytheEconomistIntelligenceUnit—publicspacesarefewandfarbetween,makingoutdooractivitieshard.得知,在城市規(guī)劃不完善的地方,比如最近被經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人智庫列出的尼日利亞的這個國家,公共空間很少,這使得戶外活動很難進(jìn)行。由此可見,公共空間有限使得一些城市很難居住。故選D?!?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段.They'veanalyzeddatafromarangeofsources,includingtheWorldHealthOrganization,TripadvisorandtheCIAWorldFactbooktoscoreeachcityonhealth,gymavailab

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