2022-2023年海南省?？谑写髮W(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級測試卷(含答案)

2022-2023年海南省?？谑写髮W(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級測試卷(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.FedExExpress

FedExExpress,asubsidiaryofFedExCorp,istheworld'slargestexpresstransportationcompany,providingfastandreliabledeliverytoeveryUSaddressandtomorethan220countriesandterritories.FedExExpressusesaglobalair-and-groundnetworktospeeddeliveryoftime-sensitiveshipments,usuallyinonetotwobusinessdayswiththedeliverytimeguaranteed.

FamousOrigins

In1965,YaleUniversityundergraduateFrederickW.Smithwroteatermpaperaboutthepassengerroutesystemsusedbymostairfreightshippers,whichbeviewedaseconomicallyinadequate.Smithwroteoftheneedforshipperstohaveasystemdesignedspecificallyforairfreightthatcouldaccommodatetime-sensitiveshipmentssuchasmedicines,computerpartsandelectronics.

InAugustof1971followinghisserviceinthemilitary,SmithboughtcontrollinginterestinArkansasAviationSales,locatedinLittleRock,Ark.Whileoperatinghisnewfirm,Smithidentifiedthetremendousdifficultyingettingpackagesandotherairfreightdeliveredwithinonetotwodays.Thisdilemmamotivatedhimtodothenecessaryresearchforresolvingtheinefficientdistributionsystem.Thus,theideaforFederalExpresswasborn:acompanythatrevolutionizedglobalbusinesspracticesandnowdefinesspeedandreliability.

FederalExpresswasso-namedduetothepatrioticmeaningassociatedwiththeword"Federal,"whichsuggestedaninterestinnationwideeconomicactivity.Atthattime,SmithhopedtoobtainacontractwiththeFederalReserveBankand,althoughtheproposalwasdenied,hebelievedthenamewasaparticularlygoodoneforattractingpublicattentionandmaintainingnamerecognition.

FederalExpress

ThecompanyincorporatedinJune1971andofficiallybeganoperationsonApril17,1973,withthelaunchof14smallaircraftfromMemphisInternationalAirport.Onthatnight,FederalExpressdelivered186packagesto25UScitiesfromRochester,NY,Miami,Fla.

CompanyheadquartersweremovedtoMemphis,Tenn.,acityselectedforitsgeographicalcentertotheoriginaltargetmarketcitiesforsmallpackages.Inaddition,theMemphisweatherwasexcellentandrarelycausedclosuresatMemphisInternationalAirport.Theairportwasalsowillingtomakethenecessaryimprovementsfortheoperationandhadadditionalhangar(飛機(jī)庫)spacereadilyavailable.

CompanyGrowth

ThoughthecompanydidnotshowaprofituntilJuly1975,itsoonbecamethepremiercarrierofhigh-prioritygoodsinthemarketplaceandthestandardsetterfortheindustryitestablished.

Inthemid-1970s,FederalExpresstookaleadingroleinlobbyingforaircargocontrolthatfinallycamein1977.

ThesechangesallowedFederalExpresstouselargeraircraft(suchasBoeing727sandMcDonnell-DouglassDC-10s)andgaveincentiveforthecompany'srapidgrowth.TodayFedExExpresshastheworld'slargestall-cargoairfleet,includingMcDonnell-DouglassMD-11sandAirbusA-300sandA-310s.Theplaneshaveatotaldailyliftcapacityofmorethan26.5millionpounds.Ina24-hourperiod,thefleettravelsnearly500,000mileswhileitscourierslog(飛行若干距離)2.5millionmilesaday—theequivalentof100tripsaroundtheearth.

Thecompanyentereditsmaturingphaseinthefirsthalfofthe1980s.FederalExpresswaswellestablished.Contendersweretryingtocatchuptoacompanywhosegrowthratewascompoundingatabout40percentannually.Infiscalyear1983FederalExpressreported$1billioninrevenues,makingAmericanbusinesshistoryasthefirstcompanytoreachthatfinancialhallmark(標(biāo)志)insidetenyearsofstart-upwithoutmergersoracquisitions.

OverseasExpansion

Followingthefirstofseveralinternationalacquisitions,intercontinentalo

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2.ScientistsWorryMachinesMayOutsmartMan

Arobotthatcanopendoorsandfindelectricaloutletstorechargeitself.Computervirusesthatnoonecanstop."Predator"fighters,which,thoughstillcontrolledremotelybyhumans,comeclosetoamachinethatcankillautonomously.

Impressedandalarmedbyadvancesinartificialintelligence,agroupofcomputerscientistsisdebatingwhetherthereshouldbelimitsonresearchthatmightleadtolossofhumancontrolovercomputer-basedsystemsthatcarryagrowingshareofsociety'sworkload,fromwagingwartochattingwithcustomersonthephone.

Theirconcernisthatfurtheradvancescouldcreateprofoundsocialdisruptionsandevenhavedangerousconsequences.

Asexamples,thescientistspointedtoanumberoftechnologiesasdiverseasexperimentalmedicalsystemsthatinteractwithpatientstosimulatesympathy,andcomputerwormsandvirusesthatdefyextermination(消滅)andcouldthusbesaidtohavereacheda"cockroach"stageofmachineintelligence.

WhilethecomputerscientistsagreedthatwearealongwayfromHal,thecomputerthattookoverthespaceshipin"2001:ASpaceOdyssey,"theysaidtherewaslegitimateconcernthattechnologicalprogresswouldtransform.theworkforcebydestroyingawideningrangeofjobs,aswellasforcehumanstolearntolivewithmachinesthatincreasinglycopyhumanbehaviors.

Theresearchers—leadingcomputerscientists,artificialintelligenceresearchersandroboticistswhometattheAsilomarConferenceGroundsonMontereyBayinCalifornia—generallydismissedthepossibilityofhighlycentralizedsuperintelligencesandtheideathatintelligencemightspringspontaneouslyfromtheInternet.Buttheyagreedthatrobotsthatcankillautonomouslyareeitheralreadyhereorwillbesoon.

Theyfocusedparticularattentiononthespecterthatcriminalscouldexploitartificialintelligencesystemsassoonastheyweredeveloped.Whatcouldacriminaldowithaspeechsynthesissystemthatcoulddisguiseasahumanbeing?Whathappensifartificialintelligencetechnologyisusedtominepersonalinformationfromsmartphones?

Theresearchersalsodiscussedpossiblethreatstohumanjobs,likeself-drivingcars,softwarebasedpersonalassistantsandservicerobotsinthehome.Justlastmonth,aservicerobotdevelopedbyWillowGarageinSiliconValleyproveditcouldnavigatetherealworld.

Areportfromtheconference,whichtookplaceinprivateonFeb.25,istobeissuedlaterthisyear.Someattendeesdiscussedthemeetingforthefirsttimewithotherscientiststhismonthandininterviews.

TheconferencewasorganizedbytheAssociationfortheAdvancementofArtificialIntelligence(A.A.A.I.),andinchoosingAsilomarforthediscussions,thegrouppurposefullyevokedalandmarkevent(里程碑式事件)inthehistoryofscience.In1975,theworld'sleadingbiologistsalsometatAsilomartodiscussthenewabilitytoreshapelifebyswappinggeneticmaterialamongorganisms.Concernedaboutpossiblebiohazardsandethicalquestions,scientistshadhaltedcertainexperiments.TheconferenceledtoguidelinesforrecombinantDNAresearch,enablingexperimentationtocontinue.

ThemeetingonthefutureofartificialintelligencewasorganizedbyEricHorvitz,aMicrosoftresearcherwhoisnowpresidentoftheassociation.

Dr.Horvitzsaidhebelievedcomputerscientistsmustrespondtothenotionsofsuperintelligentmachinesandartificialintelligencesystemsrunamok(橫行).

Theideaofan"intelligenceexplosion"inwhichsmartmachineswoulddesignevenmoreintelligentmachineswasproposedbythemathematicianI.J.Goodin1965.Later,inlecturesandsciencefictionnovels,thecomputerscientistVernorVingepopularizedthenotionof

A.robotsforciviluse

B.militarycomputers

C.artificialintelligence

D.biochemicalweapons

3.

Ourperceptionofriskliveslargelyinourfeelings,somostofthetimeweareoperatingonanautomaticsystemforanalyzingrisks.

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4.

AccordingtotheRecordingIndustryAssociationofAmerica,before2001______wasratedasthethirdmostpopularmusicgenre.

5.

Ourdiurnalexistenceisdividedintotwophase______.

6.

TheprofessorMichaelDertouzosguessedthatIndiacouldincreaseGDPbyatrilliondollarsintheflowingfewyearsbywayof______forWesterncompanies.

A.performingsecretwhite-collartasks

B.improvingmanagement

C.makingtechnologicalchange

D.installingnewtools

7.Generalizedanxietydisordercanbecausedlargelyby______.

A.people'sworries,uncertainties,endfears

B.theeconomicandsocialproblems

C.somespecificphenomenon

D.individualcircumstances

8.

MaryLynMillersuggeststhatajobseekerdevelopavisionthatanswersthequestion"______".

9.WhereHaveAllthePeopleGone?

Germansaregettingusedtoanewkindofimmigrant.In1998,apackofwolvescrossedtheNeisseRiveronthePolish-Germanborder.IntheemptylandscapeofeasternSaxony,dottedwithabandonedminesanddecliningvillages,thewolvesfoundplentyofdeerandfewhumans.Fiveyearslater,asecondpacksplitfromtheoriginal,sothere'renowtwofamiliesofwolvesintheregion.Ahundredyearsago,agrowingland-hungrypopulationkilledoffthelastofGermany'swolves.Today,it'sthelocalhumanswhosenumbersareunderthreat.

Villagesareempty,thankstotheregion'slowbirthrateandruralflight.Hometo22oftheworld's25lowestfertilityratecountries,Europewilllose30millionpeopleby2030,evenwithcontinuedimmigration.ThebiggestpopulationdeclinewillhitruralEurope.AsItalians,Spaniards,Germansandothersproducebarelythree-fifthsofchildrenneededtomaintainstatusquo,andasruralflightsuckspeopleintoEurope'ssuburbsandcities,thecountrysidewillloseaquarterofitspopulation.Theimplicationsofthisdemographic(人口的)changewillbefar-reaching.

EnvironmentalChanges

ThepostcardviewofEuropeisofacontinentwhereeveryscrapoflandhaslongbeenfarmed,fencedoffandsettled.Butthecontinentofthefuturemaylookratherdifferent.BigpartsofEuropewillrenaturalize.BearsarebackinAustria.InSwissAlpinevalleys,farmshavebeenrecedingandforestsaregrowingback.InpartsofFranceandGermany,wildcatsandwolveshavere-establishedtheirranges.

Theshrubandforestthatgrowsonabandonedlandmightbegoodfordeerandwolves,butisvastlylessspecies-richthantraditionalfarming,withitspastures,pondsandhedges.Onceshrubcoverseverything,youlosethemeadowhabitat.Alltheflowers,herbs,birds,andbutterfliesdisappear.Anewforestdoesn'tgetdiverseuntilacoupleofhundredyearsold.

Allthisisnotnecessarilyanenvironmentalist'sdreamitmightseem.TaketheGreekvillageofPrastos.Anancienthilltown,Prastosoncehad1,000residents,mostofthemworkingtheland.Nowonlyadozenleft,mostintheir60sand70s.Theschoolhasbeenclosedsince1988.Sundaychurchbellsnolongerting.Withoutfarmerstotendthefields,rainhaswashedawaytheoncefertilesoil.AsinmuchofGreece,landthathasbeenorchardsandpastureforsome2,000yearsisnowcoveredwithdryshrubthat,insummer,frequentlycatchesfire.

VariedPicturesofRuralDepopulation

Ruraldepopulationisnotnew.ThousandsofvillageslikePrastosdotEurope,theresultofacenturyormoreofemigration,industrialization,andagriculturalmechanization.Butthistimeit'sdifferentbecauseneverhastheruralbirthratesolow.Inthepast,afarmercouldusuallyfindatleastoneofhisoffspringtotakeovertheland.Today,thechancesarethathehasonlyasinglesonordaughter,usuallyworkinginthecityandrarelywillingtoreturn.InItaly,morethan40%ofthecountry's1.9millionfarmersareatleast65yearsold.Oncetheydieout,manyoftheirfarmswilljointhe6millionhectares—onethirdofItaly'sfarmland—thathasalreadybeenabandoned.

Risingeconomicpressures,especiallyfromreducedgovernmentsubsidies,willamplifythetrend.OnethirdofEurope'sfarmlandismarginal,fromthecoldnorthernplainstothedryMediterranean(地中海)hills.MostofthesefarmersrelyonEUsubsides,sinceit'scheapertoimportfoodfromabroad.Withoutsubsidies,someofthemostscenicEuropeanlandscapeswouldn'tsurvive.IntheAustrianorSwissAlps,definedforcenturiesbyorchards,cows,highmountainpastures,thesteepvalleysarelabor-intensivetofarm,withsubsidiespayingupto90%ofthecost.AcrosstheborderinFranceandItaly,subsidieshavebeenreducedformountainfar

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10.

Oxygenwasformedbytheprocesscalled______.

11.

Tosolvethesizeproblemofcellphones,scientistshavebeenresearching______fordecades.

12.

AccordingtoFredrikdeWahl,whatisthedifferencebetweenJoostandKaZaA&Skype?

A.KaZaAandSkypebenefitthedomainwheretheyinvolve.

B.KaZaAandSkypedonotimpactthedomainwheretheyinvolveatall.

C.Joostdoesn'tthreatenthedomainwhereitinvolves.

D.Joostnegativelyimpactsthedomainwhereitinvolves.

13.

Itis______thatplaystheleadingroleintheethnicintermixingoftheU.S.

14.HereTheyCome

Mostoftheimmigrantscamebecausetheywerehungry—hungryformorebreadandforbetterbread.Americaofferedthat.Europewasold;Americawasyoung.Europeansoilhadbeenfarmedformanyyears;Americansoilwaspracticallyuntouched.InEuropethelandwasinthehandsofafewpeople,theupperclasses;inAmericathelandwasavailabletoall.InEuropeitwasdifficulttogetwork;inAmericaitwaseasytogetwork.InEuropethereweretoomanylaborerslookingforthefewavailablejobs,sowageswerelow;inAmericathereweren'tenoughlaborerstofilltheavailablejobs,sowageswerehigh.

Abiggerandbetterloafofbread,then,attractedmostoftheinpouringhordesofpeopletoAmerica.Butmanycameforotherreasons.Onewasreligiouspersecution.IfyouwereaCatholicinaProtestantcountry,oraProtestantinanotherkindofProtestantcountry,oraJewinalmostanycountry,youwereoftentimesmadeveryuncomfortable.Youmighthavedifficultyingettingajob,oryoumightbelaughedat,orhavestonesthrownatyou,oryoumightevenbemurdered—justforhavingthewrong(thatis,different)religion.YoulearnedaboutAmericawhereyourreligiondidn'tmakesomuchdifference,whereyoucouldbewhatyoupleased,wheretherewasroomforCatholic,Protestant,Jew.ToAmerica,then!

Orperhapsyouhadtherightreligionbutthewrongpolitics.Perhapsyouthoughtafewpeopleinyourcountryhadtoomuchpower,orthatthereshouldbenokings,orthatthepoorpeoplepaidtoomuchtaxes,orthatthemassesofpeopleshouldhavemoretosayaboutgoverningthecountry.Then,oftentimes,yourgovernmentthoughtyou'weretooradicalandtriedtogetholdofyoutoputyouintoprison,whereyourideasmightnotupsetthepeople.Youdidn'twanttogotoprison,soyouhadtoleavethecountrytoavoidbeingcaught.Wheretogounderthecircumstances?Someplacewhereyoucouldbeafreeman,whereyouweren'tclappedintojailfortalking.ProbablyyouturnedtotheplaceJosephdescribedinhislettertohisbrother."Michael,thisisagloriouscountry;youhavelibertytodoasyouwill.Youcanreadwhatyouwish,andwritewhatyoulike,andtalkasyouhaveamindto,andnoonearrestsyou."OfftoAmerica!

ForseveralhundredyearsAmericawasadvertisedjustasLuckyStrikecigarettesandBuickcarsareadvertisedtoday.ThewondersofAmericaweretoldinbooks,pamphlets,newspapers,pictures,posters—andalwaysthisadvicewasgiven,"CometoAmerica."ButwhyshouldanyonebeinterestedinwhetherornotPatrickMcCarthyorHansKnoblochmovedfromhisEuropeanhometoAmerica?Thereweretwogroupsinterestedatdifferenttimes,butforthesamereason—businessprofits.

Intheverybeginning,overthreehundredyearsago,tradingcompanieswereorganizedwhichgothugetractsoflandinAmericafornothingoralmostnothing.Thatland,however,wasvaluelessuntilpeoplelivedonit,untilcropswereproduced,oranimalskilledfortheirfurs.Thenthetradingcompanywouldstepin,buythingsfromthesettlersandsellthingstocompanywouldstepin,buythingsfromthesettlersandsellthingstothemataprofits.TheDutchWestIndiaCompany,theLondonCompany,andseveralothersweretradingcompaniesthatgaveawaylandinAmericawiththeideaofeventuallymakingmoneyoncargoesfromthecolonists.Theywantedprofitsneededimmigrantstogetthemadvertisedandpeoplecame.

Inlateryears,from1870on,othergroupsinterestedinbusinessprofitstriedtogetpeopletocometoAmerica.TheCunardline,theWhiteStarline,theNorthGermanLloyed,andseveralothersearnedmoneyonlywhenpeopleusedtheirships.TheythereforesentadvertisementstoallpartsoftheworldtogetpeopletotraveltoAmerica—intheirships.Theysentnotonlyadvertisements,butalso

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15.

Themanwentintothegarden-roomtogetsomethingtoeat.

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16.

Whenreservingahotelroomwithyourcheckcard,youhavetodecidehowmuchmoneyinyouraccounthastobeonhold.

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17.

Howthepatientwillbetreatedwilldependontheresultofthe______.

18.Thecollegedepartmentorassociationcangetpaymentsfromtheissuerifitsanctionscreditcardsdecoratedwith______.

19.Ifyoufailtosay"thankyou"tothereceptionists,theywillhavenegativeimpressionsofyou.

20.

TheworldrestartedtheOlympicGamesin1896,buttherestartoftorchrelaywaslaterthanthat.

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二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.(35)

A.Theywouldhaveeightlegs.

B.Theywouldhavesixlegs.

C.Theywouldbeabletofly.

D.Theywouldnotdestroytheirownkind.

22.聽力原文：W:Wakeup,Eric.Timetoriseandshine.

M:Huh.Oh,hi,Jane.ImusthavefallenasleepwhileIwasreading.

W:Youandeveryoneelse.Itlookslikeacampgroundthanalibrary.

M:Well,thedorm'stoonoisytostudyin,andIguessthisplaceistooquiet.

W:Haveyouhadanyluckfindingatopicforyourpaper?

M:No.Prof.Granttoldustowriteaboutanythinginculturalanthropology.ForonceIwishshehadn'tgivenussomuchofachoice.

W:Well,whynotwriteabouttheancientcivilizationsofMexico.Youseemtobeinterestedinthatpartoftheworld.

M:Iam.ButthereistoomuchmaterialtocovenI'llbewritingforever,andGrantonlywantsfivetosevenpages.

W:SothenlimitittooneregionofMexico.SaytheUkatun.You'vebeenthereandyousaidit'sgotlotsofinterestingrelics.

M:That'snotabadidea.Iboughtplentyofbooksandthingsbackwithmelastsummer.Thatwouldbegreatresourcematerial.NowifIcanonlyrememberwhereIputthem.

(20)

A.Planningatrip.B.Reading.C.Sleeping.D.Doingresearch.

23.

【B8】

24.

【B4】

25.聽力原文：M:Whyareyouleavingsoearly?Themoviedoesn'tstarttilleight.

W:Iwanttobeatthetrafficthere.It'sanightmareontheexpresswayduringrushhour...

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(18)

A.Shewantstoleavethetheatrebeforethemovieisover.

B.Shedoesn'tknowthewaytothetheatre.

C.Shewantstogoearlytoavoidthetrafficjam.

D.Sheusuallygoeshomeateight.

26.聽力原文：W:Haveyoubeentothenewfitnessclubonthecorner,William?Theysayitisagoodplacetodoexercise.

M:Yeah,I'veheardofit.Iwenttheremyselfyesterday.Ithasalmostthebestequipmentsinthetown,andIamgoingtostartanexerciseclassafterwork.

Q:Whataretheytalkingabout?

(16)

A.Anewfitnessclub.

B.Doingexercisetokeepfit.

C.After-workactivities.

D.Weekendplans.

27.(16)

A.Deliveryservicemanageranddriver.

B.Teacherandstudent.

C.Lawyerandclient.

D.Doctorandpatient.

28.

【B6】

29.(15)

A.50minutes.B.30minutes.C.25minutes.D.15minutes.

30.聽力原文：Peopleenjoytakingtrips.Butwhatarcthereasonstheyleavehome?Onereasonisforeducation.Peopletravelbecausetheywanttobroadentheirhorizons,tolearnaboutotherpeopleandotherplaces.They'recuriousaboutothercultures.Whenpeoplearetourists,theygetaquicklookatdifferentwaysofliving.Evenashortlookatanotherkindoflifestyle.isanimportantlesson.Onatrip,apersoncanlearndirectlybyvisitingmuseumsandhistoricspots.

Whatdoesatouristlearnwhoseestheartmuseums,visitsthehistoricpalacesandotherscenicspotsinParisandshopsalongtheriverSeine?Hegetsavividpicture,areallifeoftheFrenchpeople.Helearnsabouttheirattitudes,howtheyfeelaboutbusiness,beautyandhistory.

whataboutthetouristwhogoestoHongKong?Doeshegetthesameinformationthathecouldgetfromabook?HemightreadthatHongKongiscrowded,thatthere'slessthan200squaremetersofspaceforeachperson,butseeingandfeelingthelackofspacewillimpresshimmuchmore.Hemightreadthatthere'venearly200vehiclesforeverykilometerofroadway,butthesightofsomanyvehiclesparkedalongtheroadsidewillbeamuchmorevividlesson.ThetouristtoHongKongwillneverforgetthecontrasts,thestraightverticallinesofthetallmodembuildingsandthemovinglinesofboatsthatpeoplelivein.

(33)

A.Tolookforadifferentlifestyle.

B.Toenjoythemselves.

C.Foradventure.

D.Foreducation.

31.(32)

A.Toshowthatairtravelisfarsaferthandrivingacar.

B.Toshowthegreatresponsibilityshoulderedbythepilots.

C.Togiveanexampleofairdisasters.

D.Toshowthekeyroleplayedbyairtrafficcontrollers.

32.(29)

A.Sally.

B.Hisgrandma.

C.BothSallyandhisgrandma.

D.BothSallyandhisgrandpa.

33.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

聽力原文：Negotiationsworkwonders.Thisisparticularlysoininternationalbusinesssinceitismostlythroughnegotiationsthatexportersandimportersbridgetheirdifferencesandreachafairandmutuallysatisfactorydeal.

Bypresentingamorecomprehensivenegotiatingpackageinawell-plannedandorganizedmanner,exportersshouldbeabletoimprovetheeffectivenessoftheirbusinessdiscussionsandinthelongtermtheprofitabilityoftheirexportoperations.

Toavoidbeingconfrontedbycostlydemands,anexportershouldtrytodeterminethebuyer'srealinterestintheproductfromtheoutsetThiscanbeascertainedthroughappropriatequestionsbutmustalsobebasedonresearchandotherpreparationsbeforethenegotiations.Onlythencanasuitablecounter-proposalbepresented.

Toachieveafavorableoutcomefromthenegotiations,anexportershoulddrawupaplanofactionbeforehand,whichaddressesafewkeyissues.Experiencednegotiatorsconsiderthatasmuchas80%oftheiroveralltimedevotedtonegotiationsshouldgotosuchpreparations.Thepreliminaryworkshouldbeaimedatobtainingrelevantinformationonthetargetmarketandthebuyersoftheproduct.Itshouldalsoincludedevelopingcounter-proposalsifobjectionsareraisedonanyoftheexporter'sopeningnegotiatingpoints.Thepreparationsshouldthusinvolveformulatingthenegotiatingstrategyandtactics.

Ininternationalmarketingnegotiations,itisadvisableforsmallandmedium-sizedexportersnottolimittheirdiscussionstopricingissues.Althoughpricingisakeyfactorinanybusinesstransaction．exportersshouldgivemoreattentiontothefullrangeofmarketingfactors.Theyshouldstressthestrengthsoftheirformsandproductsandmatchthemwiththeperceivedneedsofthebuyers.Oncetheseissueshavebeencovered，theycanconsiderthequestionofpriceandareabletodevelopaprofitablebusiness.

Negotiationsworkwonders.Thisisparticularlysoininternationalbusinesssinceitismostlythroughnegotiationsthatexportersandimportersbridgetheirdifferencesandreachafairand【B1】______satisfactorydeal.

Bypresentingamore【B2】______negotiatingpackageinawell-plannedandorganizedmanner,exportersshouldbeabletoimprovetheeffectivenessoftheirbusinessdiscussionsandinthelongtermtheprofitabilityoftheirexportoperations.

Toavoidbeing【B3】______bycostlydemands,anexportershouldtryto【B4】______thebuyer'srealinterestintheproductfromthe【B5】______Thiscanbeascertainedthroughappropriatequestionsbutmustalsobebasedonresearchandotherpreparationsbeforethenegotia-tions.Onlythencanasuitablecounter-proposalbepresented.

Toachievea【B6】______outcomefromthenegotiations,anexportershoulddrawupaplanofactionbeforehand,which【B7】______afewkeyissues.Experiencednegotiatorsconsiderthatasmuchas80%oftheiroveralltimedevotedtonegotiationsshouldgotosuchpreparations.The【B8】______workshouldbeaimedatobtainingrelevantinformationonthetargetmarketandthebuyersoftheproduct.Itshouldalsoincludedevelopingcounter-proposalsifobjectionsareraisedonanyoftheexporter'sopeningnegotiatingpoints.【B9】______.

Ininternationalmar

34.聽力原文：W:Ifthetrafficwasn'theldupforsolong,Iwouldhavebeentoclassbyteno'clock.

M:It'stoobadyoudidn'tmakeit.Theprofessorwaslookingforyouallmorning.

Q:Whathappenedtothewoman?

(15)

A.Shehadabadcold.

B.Shehadacaraccident.

C.Shegothomebefore10o'clock.

D.Shewasdelayed.

35.(36)

A.Thebillbecomeslawimmediately.

B.Thebillcan'tbecomelawunlessthewholeprocessbeginsagain.

C.Lawmakersmustreviewthebillwithintendays.

D.ThePresidentmustsignthebillifit'spassedagain.

36.聽力原文：M:TomHaleyspeaking.

W:Hello,Tom.It'sMary.IwaitedforaphonecallfromyoubutIcan'twaitanylonger.Tellmeaboutyourfirstweek.

M:Hmm.Itwasn'teasy.

W:Wasn'tit?Why?Whatdidyouhavetodo?

M:OnMondayandTuesday,Iliftedheavyboxes.OnWednesday,Iputhundredsofbottlesandtinsandpacketsonshelves.

W:Sodoyouthinkitwasboring?

M:Yes,veryboring.AndIdroppedalotofboxes.

W:Didyoubreakanything?

M:Oh,justafewjarsofjamandalotofbottlesoftomatojuice.

W:Ugh.Whatamess.SotellmeaboutThursday.

M:I'mafraidIwastwohourslate..,andthesupervisorwasreallyangry.ThenIputpricelabelsonbottlesandtinsandpackets.Ifeelvery,