2022-2023學年河北省滄衡八校聯(lián)盟高二（下）期中英語試卷及答案解析

第=page11頁，共=sectionpages11頁2022-2023學年河北省滄衡八校聯(lián)盟高二（下）期中英語試卷一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）AExploringtheAzoresIslandsinPortugalCost（￡2，999）

Highlights

●Theexceptionalseabirdwatchingatnight

●Talksonlandandatseabyalocalbiologist

●Awhale-watchingactivityguidedbyanexpert

Description

Youcanexploreandlearnaboutwildlifethroughsometalks.Youcanalsogetanopportunitytowatchthewhalesatthesurfaceandlistentotheirsoundsastheygointothewater.Onland，youwillvisitaseabirdhabitatanddiscovertheattractivevillagesontheseislands.Besides，youcanstudytheislands'earthandlearnhowitsupportstheuniquegrapeplanting.

Attention

●UponarrivalonFaialIsland，youwillcheckintoafour-starhotelinHorta.

●Dependingonyourarrivaltime，youmayhavesomefreetimetoexplorethesmalltownthatdatesbacktothe15thcenturyandhasmanyhistoricbuildings.

●Yourtourleaderwillholdashortwelcomemeetingintheearlyeveningtogothroughtheplansfortheweek，andthenabiologistwillgivethefirstofthreetalksbeforejoiningyoufordinner.

●Duringthetour，thebiologistwillgiveabriefintroductiontothewhalespeciesthatyouwillbeviewing.

Justclickhereinsteadofcallingoremailingustobookyourtour.1.Whatdoweknowaboutthetour？______A.Itisfreeofcharge.

B.Itisinsupportofforeignbiologists.

C.Itoffersbirdfeedingduringtheday.

D.Itoffersanexpertguideduringthewhaleviewing.2.Whatcanvisitorsdoonthetour？______A.Exploreoldcities. B.Plantuniquegrapes.

C.Spendanightinalocalhouse. D.Listentothetalksonwildlife.3.Howshouldvisitorsbookthetour？______A.Byenteringthewebsite. B.Bysendinganemail.

C.Bycontactingthebiologist. D.Bymakingatelephonecall.BEdwardDaviswasaprofessorwhoworkedonoceanresearch.However，boredwithwritingdeathrecordsofoceanspecies，hequithisjobin2007.Ratherthanspendanymoreofhisliferecordingthedying，Edwarddecidedtotrytoprotectthelivingcreaturesinthefewremainingareasoftheocean.

Theseareasarethelastwildplacesoftheseastillundamagedbyoverfishing，pollutionandclimatechange."Itisnecessaryforustogotoplacesthatstilllookliketheoceanasitwas500yearsago，"Edwardsays."Theseplacesaretheexamplesofsustainable（可持續(xù)的）development.Maybewecan'tbringalloftheoceanbacktothisstate，buttheseplacesshowuswhatthepotentialis."BeneaththesurfaceofastormyseaoffPalauinthewesternPacificlievariouslivelycorals.Thetinyislandnationhasprotected80percentofitswatersasano-fishingarea—thelargestpercentageofprotectedoceanareaintheworld.Theremaining20percentcanbefishedonlybyPalauans.

Toprotecttheseplaces，Edwardandhisteamstartedaprojectonoceanprotectionin2008.Overthepastyears，theprojecthashelpedcreate22oceanreserves.Thesemakeuptwo-thirdsoftheworld'sfullyprotectedoceanareas.NowEdwardandhisteamhavesetanevenbiggergoal—toprotectmorethanathirdoftheworld'soceansforthepurposeofkeepingbiologicaldiversity.

ForEdward，oneofthemostsatisfyingaspectsofhisjobisworkingwithlocalcommunitiesintheplacesheandhisteamareseekingtoprotect.Theteamworkedcloselywithabout50localpeopleontheisland."Weshowedthemanunderwaterworldtheyhadneverseen，"Edwardrecalls."HugeschoolsoffishwillsurelyswiminsomeoftheclearestwatersevermeasuredinthePacific."4.WhydidEdwardquithispreviousjob？______A.Torecordthedying.

B.Toincreaselandspecies.

C.Toprotecttheseacreatures.

D.Towriteabookonseaprotection.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutPalaufromparagraph2？______A.20percentofitiscoveredbythesea.

B.Itisanareaopentofishermenworldwide.

C.Itisanexampleofsustainabledevelopment.

D.Thesurfaceofitisdestroyedbywaterpollution.6.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout？______A.Edward'steam.

B.Edward'sproject.

C.Thewaysofkeepingbiodiversity.

D.Thewaysofcreatingoceanreserves.7.HowdoesEdwardfeelaboutthefutureofoceanprotection？______A.Positive. B.Stressed. C.Curious. D.Confused.CHumantearscouldcarryafloodofusefulinformation.Withjustafewdrops，anewtechniquecanhelpdiscoversignsofeyediseaseandevendiabetes，reportedbysomescientists.

"Wewantedtoshowthepossibilityofusingtearstodiscoverdiseases，"saysFeiLiu，abiomedicalengineerinChina.Hesays，"Theteardropscanopenawindowforscientiststopeerintotheentirebody，andonedayevenletpeoplequicklytesttheirtearsathome."Asamatteroffact，tearscontaintinysacs（液囊）filledwithspecialmessages.Ifscientistscouldcollectthesacs，theycouldoffernewinformationonwhat'shappeninginsidethebody.Butcollectingenoughofthesesacsisnoteasy.

Butnotmanytearscomeoutofeyesatatime.SoLiu'steamdesignedanewwaytogetthesacsfromthesmallamountoftears.First，theresearcherscollectedtearsfromstudyparticipants.Then，theteamusedthetechniquetoletsmallmoleculesescape，leavingthesacsbehindforresearch.

Theresultsgavethescientistsaneyeful.Theteamfoundthatdifferenttypesofdry-eyediseaselefttheirownmolecularfingerprintsinpeople'stears.What'smore，tearscouldhelpdoctorsmonitorhowapatient'sdiabetesisprogressing.

Now，thescientistswanttolooktotearsfortheevidenceofotherdiseasesaswellasdepressionoremotionalstress."Thisisjustthebeginning.Tearsexpresssomethingthatwehaven'treallyexplored.Sotheresearchisworthfurtherconducting，"saysthestudycoauthorLukeLee，abioengineeratHarvardMedicalSchool.8.Whatisthepurposeofusingthenewtechnique？______A.Todiscoversomediseasesthroughtears.

B.Toreportusefuldietinformation.

C.Tofindthecauseoftears.

D.Totreatsomediseases.9.Whatdotheunderlinedwords"peerinto"inparagraph2mean？______A.Changeinto. B.Lookinto. C.Turninto. D.Runinto.10.Whatdoesparagraph3show？______A.Whytheteamgainedsacs. B.Howtheteamcollectedsacs.

C.Wheretheteamresearchedtears. D.Whattheteamlearnedfromtears.11.WhatdoesLukeLeethinkoftheresearch？______A.Itiseasytoconduct. B.Itisoutofcontrol.

C.Itisfruitless. D.Itismeaningful.DAssimpleasitsounds，smilingcanbethefirststeptowardcheeringyourselfup.Re-searchshowsnotonlythatyoucanbringjoytoothersevenifyou'reunhappy，butalsothatdoingsoisareliablewaytoimproveyourownhealthandhappiness，too.Thekeyistoactlikeahappypersonevenifyoudon'tfeellikeit.

Lastyear，researchersattheUniversityofCaliforniaaskedpeopletobehaveeitheroutwardlyorinwardlyforoneweek.Thosewhopurposelyactedoutwardlysawasignificantin-creaseinhealthandhappiness.Similarly，payingforsomeoneelseandvolunteeringhavebeenshowntoraiseone'sownhappinesslevels.

Onereasonableexplanationisthatpositivebehaviorsleadtocognitivechange.Trytotellyourself，"Ifeelunhappy，butIamactinghappy!"Thatmakesyoufeelhappier.PsychologistRichardcallsthisthe"AsIfPrinciple"：Ifyouwanttofeelacertainway，actasifyouhaveal-readydone，andyourbrainwillgiveyouthatfeeling，atleastforawhile.ThefamouspainterRockwellwasinformaltreatmentmostofhisadultlife.Buthishappypaintingswereclearlypartofhistreatment.Hewaspaintinghishope.

SoyoucanlearnfromRockwelltobringjoytoyourselfandthepeoplearoundyouwhenyouaredown.First，askwhathappypeoplewilldotomaketerriblethingsbetterforthem-selvesandothers.Next，makeaplantofollowthroughoneverythingyou'vejustimagined.Writethreeideasforextra-kindgreetingsinanotebookandremindyourselfindailylife.Listentothesoundofahappypersonanduseitasamodel.Bypreparingyourselftocheerupyourfriendsaroundyouthewayahappypersonwill，you'llcreatetheconditionsthroughwhichyoucanproduceyourownhappinessnaturallyandgivethegiftofhappinesstoothersaswell.12.Howcanwebehappieraccordingtoparagraph2？______A.Byassistingothers. B.Bycheatingourselves.

C.Bykeepingoursecrets. D.Bysavingmuchmoney.13.WhyisRockwellmentionedinparagraph3？______A.Toshowhisartisticgift.

B.Tointroducehispaintings.

C.Tolisttheapplicationof"AsIfPrinciple".

D.Tointroducethepainter'spolitebehaviors.14.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestdoingwhenyoufeelunhappy？______A.Listeningtobluemusic.

B.Askingfriendsforgifts.

C.Learningfromhappypeople.

D.Writingthesadthingsinanotebook.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext？______A.Thesecrettohealth B.Thereasonforhappiness

C.Keepsmiling，evenifyoufail D.Acthappy，evenwhenyou'renot二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共12.5分）Itisreportedthat6percentoftheearlydeathsarecausedbylackofphysicalactivity，makingitthefourthlargestriskfordeathintheworldafterhighbloodpressure，smokingandhighbloodsugar.Soexerciseisnecessaryineverydaylife.（1）______Thegeneralansweristhatrunningisoneoftheeasiestformsofexercise.Scienceshowsitdoesn'tjustkeepyouhealthy.Itcanalsoactuallyhelpyoulivelonger.

（2）______Itturnsoutthatrunningonaregularbasisleadstoextralife.Comparedwithnon-runnerswhododifferentformsofphysicalactivityandcompletelyinactiveadults，runnersevenhavea30percentlowerriskofall-causedeaths.

Thevariousbenefitsofrunningonthebodycanmakelifelonger.（3）______Anewstudyfoundthatgroupsofrunnerscomparedtoinactivegroupsdidproduceimprovementsinheartfitness.Itcouldalsoreducethedeathsrelatedtoheartdisease.

Running，however，isnottheonlymethodtokeepfit.Anotherstudyof44，551menaged40to75foundthatrunning，tennisandfastwalkingreducedby46percent，28percentand23percentlowerriskofheartdisease，separately.（4）______

Nowgoodnewsisthatthereareabout17millionroadrunnersintheUS，andtheroadsarelinedwithpeoplerunningslowlyorfast.（5）______Thenyouwillenjoythesamejoyofexerciseastheydoandbecomemoreathleticandhealthier.

A.Itisagoodideatojointhem.

B.Therearevariousindoorsports.

C.Areyouinterestedintakingexercise？

D.Itcanespeciallyimprovehearthealth.

E.Butwhichsportiseasyforyoutoplay？

F.Soitisokaytochooseotherpropersportsbesidesrunning.

G.Runnersliveanaverageofmanyyearslongerthannon-runners.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）SunshineCommunityhasbeentakencareofbythevolunteersforalongtime.Backintheolddays，thecommunity（1）______thousandsofoldpeople.Forthepasttwentyyears，the（2）______ofselflessnesshasbeenpassinginthecommunity，whosemembersfix（3）______fortheelderlyeveryday.

Anoldresident，Lisa，enjoyedthegenerositytwice."WhenI（4）______bothmylegs，thecommunityvolunteersfedmeandmyhusbandsomuchfoodthatwithgreatgratitudeIhadtosaystop.Butmyhusband（5）______，'IhopeI'llbreakmylegs，too，becauseIlovethefood，'"Lisasays，breakingoutlaughing.Astheygrewolder，thevolunteersweremore（6）______thansheimagined."Whenmyhusband（7）______，thecomfortcardsandcallswere（8）______，"shesays.Theykepthelpingherknowshewas（9）______alone.

AsLisagrewolder，sheneededmorecare.However，itdidn'tpreventthevolunteersfrom（10）______andhelping.Theyevenofferedbetterserviceand（11）______tocookingintheirownhomes.Theyallenjoyedit，andthentheydeliveredthefoodtoLisa's.

Nowtheyareservingalmosttentimesasmuchfoodtotheelderly.Andmanyingredientsinthosemealsare（12）______.Inspring，thevolunteerssupplyallkindsofusualvegetableseedlingstotheresidentstoplantinthegardens.The（13）______thengladlybringtheir（14）______backtosharewithotherresidents.Thewholecommunityisfullof（15）______whenenjoyingthefood.21.

A.recorded B.prevented C.housed D.criticized22.

A.summary B.quality C.comment D.cause23.

A.gardens B.cards C.apartments D.meals24.

A.hurt B.hid C.removed D.admired25.

A.complained B.teased C.debated D.apologized26.

A.creative B.economical C.considerate D.emotional27.

A.cameback B.pulledout C.gotup D.passedaway28.

A.unending B.confusing C.unwanted D.limited29.

A.never B.always C.ever D.still30.

A.exchanging B.giving C.advertising D.reminding31.

A.applied B.failed C.took D.objected32.

A.natural B.unusual C.permanent D.single33.

A.hunters B.patients C.growers D.designers34.

A.vegetables B.submissions C.flowers D.schedules35.

A.chaos B.power C.resolution D.harmony四、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）36.閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

Intheeraofrapidtechnologicaldevelopment，wemayseesuchapicturealmostevery-where.Whileamanjustfocuses（1）______hiscellphone，hedoesn'tpayattentiontoanythingaround，（2）______reflectsacommonphenomenonintoday'ssociety.Peoplespendtoomuchtime（3）______（play）withtheircellphonesandcommunicatelessandlesswiththepeoplearoundthem.

Asweknow，nowadaystheusefulnessofcellphonestends（4）______（appear）ineveryaspectofourlives.They（5）______（affect）ourlivesformanyyearsandwillcontinuetoplaytheirpart.Throughthemthelatestnewsaroundorfarawaycan（6）______（get）byusintime.

However，everythinghastwo（7）______（side）.Exceptforalltheadvantages，cellphonesalsohavebroughtsomeproblems.First，whenwearestaringatourcellphones，wemayignorethesurroundingbeautifulscene.What'sworse，weareonly（8）______（lose）inourownsmallworld，ratherthanshareourjoyandsadnesswithourfriends.Wehardlytalkwithourfamilyandtheonesaroundus.As（9）______consequence，webecomecoldtowardsthem.So，let'sputdownourcellphonesandtrytocommunicatewithourfamilyandfriendsfacetoface（10）______（regular）.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、書面表達（本大題共2小題，共40.0分）37.假定你是李華，你經(jīng)常與英國網(wǎng)友Andrew分享學習情況。請你給他寫一封電子郵件，談談你的英語學習現(xiàn)狀，內(nèi)容包括：

（1）進步的地方；

（2）學習弱項；

（3）請求建議。

注意：

（1）寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右；

（2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

DearAndrew，

Howareyougettingalongwithyourstudiesrecently？

Yours，LiHua38.Mymotherwasateacherandshewouldtellmestoriesaboutmygrandparents.WhenGrandmawelcomedtwokids，mymomandmyuncle，shedecidedtolookforabravebusinessjourneyincoffeeindustrywherenowomenheldanypositionsatthattime.Shedidn'tlikethefactthatGrandpahadtoworkforsomeothercompaniestomakealiving.Instead，shehopedthattheywouldhavetheirownbusiness.SoshemovedawayfromwhereGrandpausedtoliveandboughtapieceoflandwithtwokidstohelptostartherowncoffeefarm.

Whenmymomandunclegrewupandwenttoschoolinthenearbyvillage，mygrandma，abravewoman，workedendlesslyonthelandplantingonecoffeeplantafteranother.Bythetimemymomandunclewereatjuniorschool，shehadplantedabout12acresofcoffeeplantsallalone.Thebusinessjourneywasverydifficult.GrandpareturnedhomeonlyonSaturdaysandSundays.Fortenyears，Grandmahardlysleptwellatnight，guardingherland，resourcesandchildren.Asthefarmexpanded，shehadtoomuchtodo.

OneSaturdaymorning，whenGrandpawentbackhome，Grandmaaskedhim，"Canyouhelpmerunthefarm，dear？"Aftermuchthought，Grandpareplied，"Yes.Let'sworktogethertofacethefuture."Finally，hegaveuphisjobandcametosupportGrandmabothphysicallyandemotionally.

ThenGrandmarealizedthatthefarmwastoolargetorelyonthelaboroffamilymembersalone.Morepeoplewereneededtokeepthefarmgoing.Whenmymomandunclewereathighschool，Grandmathoughtthatthevillageeducationwasn'tgoodenoughforherkids，andlater，shesentthemofftoatowntostudywiththeircousins.

Meanwhile，Grandmadecidedtoaskotherfamilymemberstoworkforthefarm.Grandpaoftendrovehistrucktopickthemupintheearlymorninganddropthematdusk.Butthejoboftransportingtheworkerswasreallyhard.SoGrandpaandGrandmawantedtothinkofawaytosolvetheproblem.

注意：

（1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150左右；

（2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。

Oneday，mygrandmaofferedtobuildhousesfortheworkers.

Astheworkers'childrengrewup，Grandmabegantoworryabouttheireducation.

答案和解析1~3.【答案】D、D、A【解析】（1）細節(jié)理解題。結(jié)合第一行Cost（￡2.999）（費用：￡2，999）可知，此次旅行并不免費，選項A錯誤；根據(jù)Highlights部分中Awhale-watchingactivityguidedbyanexpert（有專家指導的觀鯨活動）可知，觀鯨的時候會有專家指導，選項D正確，Theexceptionalseabirdwatchingatnight（夜間觀賞海鳥的特別之處）可知，觀鳥在晚上觀察，并非白天，選項C錯誤；Talksonlandandatseabyalocalbiologist（一位當?shù)厣飳W家會做關(guān)于陸地和海洋的演講）非外國的生物學家，選項B錯誤，故選D。

（2）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Attention部分中Duringthetour.thebiologistwillgiveabriefintroductiontothewhalespeciesthatyouwillbeviewing.（在參觀期間，生物學家將簡要介紹你們將要觀賞的鯨魚種類。）可知，游客在此次旅行過程中，可以聆聽有關(guān)觀賞的鯨魚種類的介紹，故選D。

（3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Justclickhereinsteadofcallingoremailingustobookyourtour.（只需點擊這里，而不是打電話或發(fā)郵件給我們預訂您的旅行。）可知，通過點擊進入網(wǎng)站后，游客可以在網(wǎng)站上預定本次旅行。故選A。

這是一篇應用文。文章介紹了探索葡萄牙的亞速爾群島的旅游的相關(guān)信息。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑氶喿x短文，完整了解信息，準確把握作者觀點。

4~7.【答案】C、C、B、A【解析】（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段Rather

than

spend

any

more

ofhis

life

recording

the

dying，Edward

decided

to

try

to

protect

the

living

creatures

in

the

few

remaining

areas

of

the

ocean.（愛德華決定努力保護海洋中僅存的幾個區(qū)域中的生物，而不是花費更多的時間來記錄死亡。）可知愛德華辭去了以前的工作，去保護海洋生物。A.To

record

the

dying.記錄死亡；B.To

increase

land

species.增加陸地物種；C.To

protect

the

sea

creatures.保護海洋生物；D.To

write

a

book

on

sea

protection.寫一本關(guān)于海洋保護的書。故選C。

（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段Edward

says."These

places

are

the

examples

of

sustainable（可持續(xù)的）development.Maybe

we

can't

bring

all

of

the

ocean

back

to

this

state，but

these

places

showus

what

the

potential

is."Beneath

the

surface

of

a

stormy

sea

off

Palau

in

the

western

Pacificlie

various

lively

corals.The

tiny

island

nation

has

protected

80

percent

of

its

waters

as

a

no-fishing

area—the

largest

percentage

of

protected

ocean

area

in

the

world.The

remaining

20percent

can

be

fished

only

by

Palauans.（愛德華說。"這些地方是可持續(xù)發(fā)展的典范。也許我們無法讓所有的海洋恢復到這種狀態(tài)，但這些地方向我們展示了潛力。"在西太平洋的帕勞群島，在暴風雨的海面下，有各種各樣生動的珊瑚。這個小小的島國已經(jīng)將80%的水域保護為禁漁區(qū)，這是世界上最大的海洋保護區(qū)。剩下的20%只能由帕勞人捕撈。）可知C.It

is

an

example

of

sustainable

development.（帕勞群島是可持續(xù)發(fā)展的一個例子。）符合題意。故選C。

（3）段落大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段To

protect

these

places，Edward

and

his

team

started

a

project

on

ocean

protection

in2008.（為了保護這些地方，愛德華和他的團隊在2008年啟動了一個海洋保護項目。）可知第三段的段落大意是B.Edward's

project.（愛德華的項目）。故選B。

（4）觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章最后一段For

Edward，one

of

the

most

satisfying

aspects

of

his

job

is

working

with

local

communities

in

the

places

he

and

his

team

are

seeking

to

protect.The

team

worked

closely

with

about50

local

people

on

the

island."We

showed

them

an

underwater

world

they

had

never

seen，"Edward

recalls."Huge

schools

of

fish

will

surely

swim

in

some

of

the

clearest

waters

evermeasured

in

the

Pacific."（對愛德華來說，他工作中最令人滿意的一個方面是在他和他的團隊尋求保護的地方與當?shù)厣鐓^(qū)合作。該小組與島上大約50名當?shù)厝嗣芮泻献鳌?我們向他們展示了他們從未見過的海底世界，"愛德華回憶道。"巨大的魚群肯定會在太平洋中一些有史以來最清澈的水域中游動。"）可知愛德華對海洋保護的未來充滿信心。A.Positive.積極的；B.Stressed.有壓力的；C.Curious.好奇的；D.Confused.困惑的。故選A。

本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了愛德華決定努力保護海洋中僅存的幾個區(qū)域中的生物，而不是花費更多的時間來記錄死亡。

一、速讀全文，了解大意知主題。

閱讀能力一般指閱讀速度和理解能力兩個方面。閱讀速度是閱讀最基本的能力，考生必須在十分有限的時間內(nèi)運用略讀、掃讀、跳讀等技巧快速閱讀，搜尋關(guān)鍵詞、主題句，捕捉時空、順序、情節(jié)、人物、觀點，并且理清文章脈絡，把握語篇實質(zhì)。

二、看題干，帶著問題讀文章。

首先要掌握問題的類型，客觀信息題可以從文章中直接找到答案；而主觀判斷題考查的是對文章的感情基調(diào)等，這類題必須經(jīng)過對作者的態(tài)度、意圖以及對整篇文章進行深一層的推理等。其次，了解試題題干以及各個選項所包含的信息，然后有針對性地對文章進行掃讀，對有關(guān)信息進行快速定位。此法加強了閱讀的針對性，提高了做題的準確率。

三、邏輯推理，做好深層理解題。

在實際閱讀中，有時作者并未把意圖說出來，閱讀者要根據(jù)字面意思，通過語篇邏輯關(guān)系，研究細節(jié)的暗示，推敲作者的態(tài)度，理解文章的寓義。要求讀者對文字的表面信息進行分析、挖掘和邏輯推理，不能就事論事，以偏概全。推理題在提問中常用的詞有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜詞悟義，掃除閱讀攔路虎。

猜詞是應用英語的重要能力。它不但需要準確無誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，掌握或認識較多的課外詞匯。我們要學會"順藤摸瓜"，通過構(gòu)詞，語法，定義，同位，對比，因果，常識，上下文等線索確定詞義。

8~11.【答案】A、B、B、D【解析】（1）目的意圖題。根據(jù)第二段第一句"We

wanted

to

show

the

possibility

of

using

tears

to

discover

diseases，"says

Fei

Liu，abiomedical

engineer

in

China.（"我們想展示利用眼淚發(fā)現(xiàn)疾病的可能性，"中國生物醫(yī)學工程師劉飛說。）可知，使用這項新技術(shù)的目的是利用眼淚發(fā)現(xiàn)一些疾病的可能性。結(jié)合選項A.To

discover

some

diseases

through

tears.通過眼淚發(fā)現(xiàn)一些疾病；B.To

report

useful

diet

information.報告有用的飲食信息；C.To

find

the

cause

of

tears.尋找眼淚的原因；D.To

treat

some

diseases.治療一些疾病。分析可知，A項符合文意。故選A。

（2）詞義猜測斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句He

says，"The

teardrops

can

open

a

window

for

scientists

to

peer

into

the

entire

body，and

one

day

even

let

people

quickly

test

their

tears

at

home."（他說："這些淚珠可以為科學家們窺探整個身體打開一扇窗戶，有一天甚至可以讓人們在家里快速測試他們的眼淚。"）可知，劃線詞意為"窺視"。A.Change

into.變成；B.Look

into.窺視；C.Turn

into.變成；D.Run

into.偶遇。分析可知，B項符合文意。故選B。

（3）段落主旨題。根據(jù)第三段But

not

many

tears

come

out

of

eyes

at

a

time.So

Liu's

team

designed

a

new

way

to

getthe

sacs

from

the

small

amount

of

tears.First，the

researchers

collected

tears

from

study

participants.Then，the

team

used

the

technique

to

let

small

molecules

escape，leaving

the

sacsbehind

for

research.（但一次流出的眼淚并不多。因此，劉的團隊設計了一種從少量眼淚中提取囊的新方法。首先，研究人員收集了研究參與者的眼淚。然后，該團隊使用該技術(shù)讓小分子逃逸，留下囊以供研究。）可知，本段主要講述了團隊如何從少量眼淚中提取囊。結(jié)合選項A.Why

the

team

gained

sacs.團隊如何獲取囊；B.How

the

team

collected

sacs.團隊如何收集囊；C.Where

the

team

researched

tears.研究團隊研究眼淚的地方；D.What

the

team

learned

from

tears.團隊從眼淚中學到了什么。分析可知，B項符合本段的段落主旨。故選B。

（4）觀點態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段Now，the

scientists

want

to

look

to

tears

for

the

evidence

of

other

diseases

as

well

as

depression

or

emotional

stress."This

is

just

the

beginning.Tears

express

something

that

wehaven't

really

explored.So

the

research

is

worth

further

conducting，"says

the

study

coauthorLuke

Lee，a

bioengineer

at

Harvard

Medical

School.（現(xiàn)在，科學家們想從眼淚中尋找其他疾病以及抑郁癥或情緒壓力的證據(jù)。"這僅僅是個開始。眼淚表達了我們還沒有真正探索過的東西。因此，這項研究值得進一步開展，"該研究的合著者、哈佛醫(yī)學院的生物工程師盧克?李說。）可知，Luke

Lee認為這項研究值得進一步開展。結(jié)合選項A.It

is

easy

to

conduct.這很容易進行；B.It

is

out

of

control.失控了；C.It

is

fruitless.沒有結(jié)果；D.It

is

meaningful.有意義。分析可知，D項符合Luke

Lee對這項研究的態(tài)度。故選D。

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項新技術(shù)：科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)利用眼淚就可以幫助發(fā)現(xiàn)眼病甚至糖尿病的跡象。

做閱讀時首先要通讀全文，理解文章大意，然后帶著問題到原文中找信息句，仔細研究問題和跟問題有關(guān)的句子，琢磨其意思，選出正確答案。

12~15.【答案】A、C、C、D【解析】（1）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句Similarly，paying

for

someone

else

and

volunteering

have

beenshown

to

raise

one's

own

happiness

levels.（同樣，為別人付錢和做志愿者也被證明能提高自己的幸福水平。）可知，幫助別人能提升自幸福感，更讓人快樂。結(jié)合選項A.By

assisting

others.通過幫助他人；B.By

cheating

ourselves.通過欺騙自己；C.By

keeping

our

secrets.通過保守我們的秘密；D.By

saving

much

money.通過節(jié)省很多錢。分析可知，A項符合文意。故選A。

（2）目的意圖題。根據(jù)第三段One

reasonable

explanation

is

that

positive

behaviors

lead

to

cognitive

change.Try

to

tellyourself，"I

feel

unhappy，but

I

am

acting

happy!"That

makes

you

feel

happier.PsychologistRichard

calls

this

the"As

If

Principle"：If

you

want

to

feel

a

certain

way，act

as

if

you

have

al-ready

done，and

your

brain

will

give

you

that

feeling，at

least

for

a

while.The

famous

painterRockwell

was

in

formal

treatment

most

of

his

adult

life.But

his

happy

paintings

were

clearlypart

of

his

treatment.He

was

painting

his

hope.（一個合理的解釋是，積極的行為會導致認知變化。試著告訴自己："我感覺不開心，但我表現(xiàn)得很開心!"這會讓你感覺更快樂。心理學家理查德稱之為"假設原則"：如果你想要某種感覺，就假裝你已經(jīng)做到了，你的大腦會給你那種感覺，至少在一段時間內(nèi)是這樣。著名畫家洛克威爾成年后的大部分時間都在接受正規(guī)治療。但他的快樂畫作顯然是他治療的一部分。他在畫他的希望。）可知，第三段提到了洛克威爾是為了證明心理學家理查德的"假設原則"是合理的。結(jié)合選項A.To

show

his

artistic

gift.展示他的藝術(shù)天賦；B.To

introduce

his

paintings.介紹他的畫；C.To

list

the

application

of"As

If

Principle".列舉"假設原則"的應用；D.To

introduce

the

painter's

polite

behaviors.介紹畫家的禮貌行為。分析可知，C項符合文意。故選C。

（3）細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段So

you

can

learn

from

Rockwell

to

bring

joy

to

yourself

and

the

people

around

you

whenyou

are

down.First，ask

what

happy

people

will

do

to

make

terrible

things

better

for

them-selves

and

others.Next，make

a

plan

to

follow

through

on

everything

you've

just

imagined.Write

three

ideas

for

extra-kind

greetings

in

a

notebook

and

remind

yourself

in

daily

life.Listen

to

the

sound

of

a

happy

person

and

use

it

as

a

model.By

preparing

yourself

to

cheer

upyour

friends

around

you

the

way

a

happy

person

will，you'll

create

the

conditions

throughwhich

you

can

produce

your

own

happiness

naturally

and

give

the

gift

of

happiness

to

others

aswell.（所以你可以向洛克威爾學習，在你沮喪的時候給自己和周圍的人帶來快樂。首先，問問快樂的人會做些什么來讓糟糕的事情對他們自己和他人變得更好。接下來，制定一個計劃來完成你剛剛想象的每件事。在筆記本上寫下三個額外問候的想法，并在日常生活中提醒自己。聽一個快樂的人的聲音，并以此為榜樣。通過讓自己像一個快樂的人那樣讓身邊的朋友高興起來，你將創(chuàng)造條件，通過這些條件，你可以自然地產(chǎn)生自己的快樂，也可以把快樂作為禮物送給別人。）可知，當你感到不快樂時，作者建議你向快樂的人學習，以他為榜樣，通過讓自己像一個快樂的人那樣讓身邊的朋友高興起來，自己也能得到快樂。結(jié)合選項A.Listening

to

blue

music.聽傷感的音樂；B.Asking

friends

for

gifts.向朋友要禮物；C.Learning

from

happy

people.向快樂的人學習；D.Writing

the

sad

things

in

a

notebook.把悲傷的事情寫在筆記本上。分析可知，C項符合文意。故選C。

（4）標題判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第一段As

simple

as

it

sounds，smiling

can

be

the

first

step

toward

cheering

yourself

up.Re-search

shows

not

only

that

you

can

bring

joy

to

others

even

if

you're

unhappy，but

also

thatdoing

so

is

a

reliable

way

to

improve

your

own

health

and

happiness，too.The

key

is

to

actlike

a

happy

person

even

if

you

don't

feel

like

it.（聽起來很簡單，微笑是讓自己開心起來的第一步。研究表明，即使你不開心，你也可以給別人帶來快樂，而且這樣做也是改善你自己健康和幸福的可靠方法。關(guān)鍵是要表現(xiàn)得像個快樂的人，即使你不喜歡。）可知，本文主要講述即使你不開心，也要表現(xiàn)得開心，這樣可以改善你自己健康和幸福。結(jié)合選項A.The

secret

to

health健康的秘訣；B.The

reason

for

happiness幸福的理由；C.Keep

smiling，even

if

you

fail即使失敗，也要保持微笑；D.Act

happy，even

when

you're

not即使你不開心，也要表現(xiàn)得開心。分析可知，D項符合文章的主旨。故選D。

本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述即使你不開心，也要表現(xiàn)得開心，這樣可以改善你自己健康和幸福。

做閱讀時首先要通讀全文，理解文章大意，然后帶著問題到原文中找信息句，仔細研究問題和跟問題有關(guān)的句子，琢磨其意思，選出正確答案。

16~20.【答案】E、G、D、F、A【解析】（1）聯(lián)系下文題。根據(jù)下文The

general

answer

is

thatrunning

is

one

of

the

easiest

forms

of

exercise.（一般答案是跑步是最簡單的鍛煉形式之一。）可知，此處提了一個問題，且內(nèi)容是關(guān)于最容易的鍛煉方式，E項"但是哪項運動對你來說容易做呢？"符合語境。故選E。

（2）段落大意題。根據(jù)下文It

turns

out

that

running

on

a

regular

basis

leads

to

extra

life.（事實證明定期跑步可以延長壽命。）可知，本段的內(nèi)容是跑步的人比不跑步的人更加長壽。G項"跑步者的平均壽命比不跑步的人長很多年。"符合語境。故選G。

（3）聯(lián)系下文題。根據(jù)下文A

new

studyfound

that

groups

of

runners

compared

to

inactive

groups

did

produce

improvements

in

heartfitness.（一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，與不運動的人群相比，跑步人群確實改善了心臟健康。）可知，此處講的是跑步對心臟的益處。D項"它尤其能改善心臟健康。"符合語境。故選D。

（4）聯(lián)系上文題。根據(jù)上文Running，however，is

not

the

only

method

to

keep

fit.（然而，跑步并不是保持健康的唯一方法。）可知，本段內(nèi)容是除了跑步以外還有其他運動方式可以幫助保持健康。F項"所以選擇除跑步以外其他合適的運動也是可行的。"符合語境。故選F。

（5）推理判斷題。根據(jù)上文good

news

is

that

there

are

about

17

million

road

runners

in

the

US（好消息是，美國大約有1700萬名公路跑步者）以及下文Then

you

will

enjoy

the

same

joy

of

exercise

as

they

do（然后你就會和他們一樣享受到鍛煉的樂趣）可知，此處表示加入到公路跑步者的行列，和他們一起享受鍛煉的樂趣。A項"加入他們是一個好主意。"符合語境。故選A。

本文是一篇新聞報道。主要介紹了跑步等體育運動不但使人健康而且會使人長壽。

七選五閱讀是完成性閱讀，和完形填空很類似，不同的是一個選詞，一個選句子。解題時，要注意上下文語境，充分考慮信息詞（選項中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的詞），選出最符合語境的句子。

21~35.【答案】C、D、D、A、B、C、D、A、A、B、C、A、C、A、D【解析】（1）考查動詞及語境理解。A.recorded記錄；B.prevented防止；C.housed給……房子?。ㄓ茫?，留……住宿；D.criticized批評。以前，這個社區(qū)住著成千上萬的老人。故選C。

（2）考查名詞及語境理解。A.summary概述；B.quality質(zhì)量；C.comment評論；D.cause事業(yè)。在過去的二十年里，無私的事業(yè)一直在社區(qū)中傳播，社區(qū)成員每天為老年人做飯。根據(jù)上文SunshineCommunityhasbeentakencareofbythevolunteersforalongtime可知是無私的事業(yè)傳遞下來。故選D。

（3）考查名詞及語境理解。A.gardens花園；B.cards卡片；C.apartments公寓；D.meals膳食。在過去的二十年里，無私的事業(yè)一直在社區(qū)中傳播，社區(qū)成員每天為老年人做飯。根據(jù)下文thecommunityvolunteersfedmeandmyhusband可知是準備吃的。故選D。

（4）考查動詞及語境理解。A.hurt受傷；B.hid隱藏；C.removed刪除；D.admired欽佩。一位名叫麗莎的老居民兩次享受到了這種慷慨。"當我的雙腿受傷時，社區(qū)志愿