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eachingguidefortheWorkbook
(練習(xí)冊教學(xué)指導(dǎo))
LISTENING
AskstudentstothinkaboutwhateducationandexperienceyouneedtobecomeanastronautandmakeatimelineshowingYangLiwei’seducationandexperience.Thenletthestudentsconsiderthesequestions:Whyisitimportanttobeacalmperson?Whytheearliestastronautsinanycountrieshavealwaysflownfastairplanes?Whatwouldworryyouaboutspacetravel?Whatproblemsdoyouthinkyouwouldhaveinspace?
LISTENINGTEXT
YangLiweiisthefirstChineseastronauttogointospace.HetraveledforfourteenhoursonOctober15,2003andcircledtheearthtwenty-onetimes.MrRenault,afamousreporter,isinterviewinghimonapopulartelevisionprogramMysteriesinSpace.
R=MrRenaultY=YangLiwei
R:Thankyousomuch,MrYangforcomingtodaytotalktousaboutyourexperiencesinspace.
Y:Notatall.I’mhappytobehere.
R:Pleasecanyoutelluswhatwasyourmostexcitingmoment?
Y:Well,thatwaswhenthespaceshipbegantoliftofftheground.ThenIknewIwasreallyonmywayandChinawasthethirdcountrytosendpeopleintospace.
R:Didn’tyoufeelafraidatall?
Y:No,becauseI’dbeentrainednottoworry.SoIwatchedallmyinstrumentsandstayedcalm.
R:Wasthereanythingthatsurprisedyou?
Y:Thebeautyofspace.I’dneverrealizedhowlovelytheearthlookstillIwasgoingroundit.
R:Nowweknowthatyouare38yearsold,thatyouhaveanexcellentdegree,youwanttobesuccessfulandyou’vetrainedfor10yearstobecomeanastronaut.Butwhatmadeyouwanttogointospace?
Y:Well,ofcourseitwasoneofmydreamstoflyinspace.IwasapilotfortheairforceofthePLA.SowhentheyofferedmethischanceIwasgladtotakeit.
R:Wheredidyoutrain?
Y:AtaspecialplaceintheGobiDesertcalled“SpaceCity”.OfcourseyouhavetobefitbutI’malsoluckytobeshortandlightsoIwasconsideredtoberightforanastronaut.ItwasawonderfulchancebutIhadtoworkveryhard.
R:Howtallandheavyareyou?
Y:I’malittlesmallerthanl70cmandlessthan70kgs.
R:Wasitsafeinyourspacerocket?
Y:Yes.Itwasfittedwithaspecialseattothrowmeoutofthespacerocketifthingswentwrongasitliftedoff.Thereisalsoaspecialdoorforanotherspacerockettorescuemeiftherewereproblemsinspace.
R:Theyseemtohavethoughtofeverything.Thankyoufortakingyourtime.
Y:Apleasure.
AnswerkeyforExercise1:
1F2F3T4T5T6T
AnswerkeyforExercise2:
InformationonYangLiwei,theastronaut
Theexamshepassed
Excellentdegreeand10years’training
Experience
PilotfortheairforceofthePLA
Physicalqualities
Smallerthan170cm;lessthan70kg
Personalqualities
Calm,mature,hard-working
AnswerkeyforExercise3:
1ThereareescapeseatsifYangLiweineedsthemandspecialdoorsconnectingtorescuerocketsifnecessary.
2Answerswillvary.
_____________________________________________________________________
NOTE:ThefirstwomaninspacewasaRussianastronautcalledValentinaTereshkova.OnJune16,1963ValentinaTereshkovawentintospaceaboardVostok6.Shebecamethefirstwomantotravelinspace.ValentinaTereshkovamade48orbitsoftheearth.Shespentalmostthreedaysinspace.ShewasbornonMarch6th1937.Therewerealsosomeotherwomenastronautsgoingonspacetripsafterher.
_____________________________________________________________________
TALKING
Thistaskasksthestudentstoworkitinpairsandgiveafriendanumberof“dos”and“don’ts”forgoingintospace.Theyneedtomakesuggestionsusingthephrasesthattheyhavebeengiventohelpthem.Whentheyhaveworkedouttheadvicetheycanwritethesuggestionsdownandreadthemouttotheclass.
Sampledialogue:
WQ=WeiQing
WQ:I’mgoingtovisitacomet.Howexciting!I’llleavetomorrow.
YOU:Pleasecheckthatyou’vegotthecorrectsortofspacesuits.Youneedthekindthatwillkeepyouwarminthecoldestweather.
WQ:Ofcourse!
YOU:Makesureyoualsoknowa11thesafetyrules.Itisnotsafetostandonacometortogettooclose.Thereisalwaysastrongwindinspace.
WQ:OfcourseI’llnotleavethespaceshipexcepttotakephotos.
YOU:Photos?Justthinkofthedustintheair.It’llmaketakingphotosverydifficult.
WQ:Well,Iplantotakesomeanyway.
YOU:Watchoutforthespacewindwhichcanbeverydangerous.Itmakesastrangenoisetooasitgoesthroughthesky.Youmaybeabletohearit.
WQ:Yes.Myspaceleaderhasalreadymentionedthat.
YOU:Lastlydon’tforgettowatchthetimeasyouleavetheearthandseehowitgetsfasterorsloweronyourjourney.Alsopleasepayattentiontoeverythingyourspaceguidesays.Donotgooffonyourown.Lookatthetemperatureonyourspacesuitatalltimes.Ifitgetstoolowyouneedtowarmitupandifit’stoohighyouneedtopushthebuttontocoolitdown.Anyway,haveagoodtrip!
WQ:Thankyou.Iwill!
USINGWORDSANDEXPRESSIONS
AnswerkeyforExercise1:
Across
2float5mass6presence8carbon9mobile
Down
1planet2force3astronomy4explore7circle
AnswerkeyforExercise2:
1energetic2surface3dependson4gradually
5exists6prevent…from7spread8aremultiplying
9Nowthat
AnswerkeyforExercise3:
1Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,peoplehavecometodependmoreandmoreonthecomputertodealwithallkindsofthings.
2Nowthatmanyproblemsexistwhichcannotbesolved,warswillprobablybreakout.
3Hegraduallygotthehangofthismethodofresearchaftermanyyears’practice.
4Thepresenceofthatfamousdirectorcheeredupallthepeopleatthemeeting.
5Weshouldfindsomewaystopreventtheharmfulgasfromspreading.
6Heisalreadyexhausted.Weshouldlessenhispaininsteadofdisappointinghim.
USINGSTRUCTURES
AnswerkeyforExercise1:
1What2What3Why4What
5Where6When7How8What
SamplediscussionforExercise2:
S1:Myonlyproblemisfindingtimetolistentomymusic.MyparentsinsistthatIfinishdoingmyhomeworkbeforeIlistentomymusic.Butbythenit’stimetogotobed.
S2:You’reluckyifthat’syouronlyproblem.MytroubleisthatIhavetosharemybedroomwithmycousinwhowantstoworkatnightbutnotduringtheevening.Sohekeepsthelightonandmakesitverydifficultformetogotosleep.
S3:That’snoproblem.Myadviceisputtingatoweloveryourheadandthedarknesswillsoonputyoutosleep.Myproblem,now,isreallyimpossibletosolve.I’munabletoconcentrateonmyworkbecauseIgetsoworriedabouttheexams.ItseemsasifIfreezeandcan’tdoanything.ThismakesmeworryevenmoreandthenIreallypanic.
S4:Don’tworry.Iusedtohavethatproblem.Isolveditbymeditatingonmybedeverynightbeforegoingtobed.Classicalmusicalsoseemstohelpme.Youshouldtryit.
S3:ThanksIwill.
S2:I’llalsotryyourideawiththetowel—maybethatwillworkforme.
S1:Asforme,Ishalljusthavetodiscoverawayofworkingevenharderso1havemorefreetime!
LISTENINGTASK
Thepurposeofthislisteningistointroducestudentstothepotentialvalueofspacetravel.Theinterviewisbetweenahypotheticalastronomer,LiYanping,andtheworkhehasdoneinspace.Thisinterviewisnotwitharealastronomerbutitisbasedonarealevent.TheHubbletelescopehadtobepolishedbecauseitwasnotproperlyconstructedbeforeitwasputintospace.Spacewalkingisverydifficultandneedsagreatdealofpractice.Itisextremelydangerousandtheinterviewstressesthewayspeoplehavetoadapttotheharshnessoflifeinspace.Letthestudentslistentothetapeandthendiscusswiththemwhatthepotentialdangersareandhowtheequipmentthattheastronautcarrieshelpshim/her.
____________________________________________________________________
LISTENINGTEXT
W=WallisL=LiYanping
W:MrLiYanping,wouldyoupleasetellusaboutyourfirstspacewalk?
L:Yes.Iwouldbeveryhappytodoso.WerepairedtheHubbletelescope.
W:Really?Whatdidyouhavetodo?
L:Itwillprobablyseemverysimpletoyou.Wehadtocleanit.
W:Sohowdidyougetreadyforthewalkfromthespaceship?
L:Firstwehadtogetintoourspacesuits.Theyareverythickandcarryalltheoxygenwewillneedtobreathe.Italsohashotandcoldwatersothesuitcanwarmusifitistoocoldorcoolusifitistoohotinspace.Itisveryheavy.
W:Isitdangeroustoleavethespaceship?
L:Yes,indeed.Whenweleave,wegointoasmallroom.Wehavetowearourgravitybootssowecanwalkthere.Weclosethedoorbehindusandthenwecanopenthedoortospace.Thenourgravitybootsstopworkingandwecanflyoutofthedoor.
W:Howdoyougetaboutinspace?
L:Weusesmallenginestomovearound.Togoleftwepushtheleftengineandtogorightwepushthefightone.Wehavetogoveryslowlybecausewedon’tweighanythinginspace.Wecanflyaroundlikefeathers.
W:Whatdoesitfeellikeinspace?
L:Verystrange.Wehavenoweightbecausethereisnogravity,sodoinganylittlejobisverytiring.Wehadtopracticemovingandworkingalotbeforewewereallowedoutsidethespaceship.
W:Whathappensifyouflytoofarfromthespaceship?
L:Youwouldneverbeabletogetbacktoitsowetieourselvestothespaceshipwithaspecialrope.
W:WhatdidyouusetorepairtheHubbletelescope?
L:Weusedsomespecialtoolsthatweretiedroundourwaists.Thatwaywedidn’tlosethemastheymightflyawayinspacetoo.Wedidagoodjob.Thetelescopeworksfinenow.
W:Thankyouverymuch,MrLi.
_____________________________________________________________________
AnswerkeyforExercise1:C
AnswerkeyforExercise2:
1Oxygencan(ontheback)
2Watersystem(thepartofthesuitcoveringthebody)
3Gravityboots(onthefeet)
4Leftengine(ontheleftside)
5Rightengine(onthefightside)
6Toolkit(onthewaist,attheback)
READINGTASK
Suggestedanswers:
Oldideasabout“blackholes”
Wasthiswhatwefound?
Newideasabout“blackholes”
Blackholescannotbeseen.
Objectsarepulledtowardsit.
Objectsgoroundandroundoutsidethemouthofthe“blackhole”.
Objectaslargeassuncandisappearintothe“blackhole”.
Allobjectsmustgointothe“blackholes”whentheyarecaughtbyitsgravity.
Theycanbethrownfarfromthe“blackhole”bytheenergyinthe“blackhole”.
Timeslowdownwhenyouareclosetoa“blackhole”.
SPEAKINGTASK
Thepurposeofthistaskistousetheinformationthestudentshavegainedfromthelisteningtextandreadingpassageinanewsituation.Theyaregoingtointerviewtheastronomerinourstory,LiYanping,foraschoolnewspaper.Soinpairstheyneedtoworkoutsomequestionstoaskhim.Eachofthepairsneedstothinkofthreedifferentquestions(sotheyneedtothinkofsixaltogether).
Suggestedquestions:
1Whatwasthemostunexpectedthingyoufoundoutaboutthe“blackholes”?
2Ifyoucannotseea“blackhole”,howdidyouknowyouhadreachedone?
3Whatwasthemostfrighteningthingthathappenedtoyouonthisjourney?
Possibleanswerstothequestions:
1Mostunexpectedthing:the“blackhole”threwoutmaterialaswellasswallowingobjects.
2Knowingwhenwereachedit:Youonlyknowyouareclosetoablackholebyseeingthingsdisappearintowhatappearstobeallemptyspace.Theblackholecannotbeseen.
3Mostfrighteningexperience:whenthegravityofthe“blackhole”waspullingitsslowlyintoits“mouth”,andthenthespaceshipmovedaroundtheholeandbegantogofasterandfasterintoit;IwasterrifiedbecauseIthoughtwewouldbeswallowedbythe“hole”.
WRITINGTASK
Thepurposeofthiswritingtaskisforthestudentstousetheinformationtheyhavegatheredonastronomyandtheirquestionstoeachothertowriteaninterestingandlivelynewspaperarticle.Thereading,listening,speakingandwritingtaskshavebeenintegratedsothatitwillstimulatethestudents’interestandinvolvementinthetopic.Itshouldstimulateinterestinthesubjectanddeveloptheircreativewritingskills.
HopefullytheywillalsofollowthedevelopmentoftheChinesespaceprogrammeclosely.AllthepreparationshavebeencarriedoutforthefirstChinesemannedspaceflighttotakeplace.EventuallyChinaplanstoputalaboratoryintospacemannedbyscientistsforshortperiods.TheyaimtovisittheMoontolookforvaluableresourcesthereaswellastostudyitsenvironmentandgeologicalstructure.
China’smannedspaceprogrammehasfourgoals:todevelopbasicmannedspaceflighttechnology,toobservetheearthandundertakeexperimentsinspace,tohelpdesignspacevehiclesandtoaccumulateexperienceforalargespacestation.Yourstudentsmaybecomepartofthisfutureprogrammewithyourencouragementinstimulatingtheirinterest.
Samplewriting:
Iwouldliketovisittheplanet,Venus,ifIhadanopportunitytogointospace.IhavealwayswantedtovisititeversinceIfirstfoundoutwhichstaritwasinthenightsky.Ithinkitwouldtakemealongtimetogetthere.SoIwouldneedaspaceshipwithlotsofdistractions.ItwouldbeveryimportantformetoexerciseonmyjourneytoVenussoIwouldneedagymandaswimmingpool.ThenmymuscleswouldbestrongwhenIreturntotheeachtotellmystory.
IhopethatIwillseemanyexcitingthingsonVenus.IloveheatbutIunderstanditisextremelyhotthere.Myspacesuitwillhavetobeabletowithstandheatofover1000degreesandnotmelt.ItwouldbewonderfulifIcouldpassclosetothemoononmywaytoVenus.IwouldliketobeabletoseethefirstfootprintsleftbytheAmericanastronautsandfindtheplacewheretheylanded.Iwillbeabletoseethatbecausetheyleftaflagonthesurface.IexpectthatwhenIgetthereVenuswillbeverycloudyhotandhumid.Ishallneedspecialclothestowearandairtobreathe.IwouldliketobethefirstastronauttowalkonVenusandplotitsgeography.Thatwouldbewonderfulformeaswellasmycountry.Iho
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