小升初語法復習-動詞（講義）人教PEP版英語六年級下冊

人教版小學英語六年級期末復習知識分類(八)(動詞)知識梳理動詞：指表示動作或狀態(tài)的詞。按照動詞的詞義和在句子中的作用，動詞可分為四類：系動詞、情態(tài)動詞、助動詞和實義動詞。一、be動詞1.be動詞隨著人稱的變化而變化為am,is,are2.be動詞的過去式:am/is—was,are—were3.be動詞的否定形式:amnot(沒有縮寫形式),isnot=isn't,arenot=aren't,wasnot=wasn't,werenot=weren't二、情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞本身有一定的詞義，但它必須接實義動詞原形才能構成句子的謂語。情態(tài)動詞有:can,could,must,would,may,shall,should等。其否定形式為can't,couldn't,mustn't,wouldn't,shouldn't等。三、助動詞do,does,did的用法1.do用來構成一般現(xiàn)在時的疑問句，否定式don't用來構成一般現(xiàn)在時的否定句，后面都接動詞原形。does和doesn't則用于主語為第三人稱單數(shù)的句子。如:Theygotoschoolbybus.Dotheygobybus?Theydon'tgobybus.AmyswimswithSarah.DoesAmyswimwithSarah?Amydoesn'tswimwithSarah.2.did用于構成一般過去時的疑問句，否定式didn't用來構成一般過去時的否定句，后面都接動詞原形。如:Ilikedapplesbefore.Didyoulikeapplesbefore?Ididn'tlikeapplesbefore.四、實義動詞：表示動作和狀態(tài)，能獨立作為謂語。小學階段的英語動詞有：動詞原形、第三人稱單數(shù)、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去式四種形式。五、(一)動詞的三單形式形式構成例詞一般情況詞尾加-sget-gets,leave-leaves以-s,-x,-ch,-sh,-o結尾詞尾加-esteach-teaches,wash-washesfix-fixes,go-goes以輔音字母+y結尾變y為i,再加-esfly-flies,cry-cries,特殊情況have-has(二)現(xiàn)在分詞形式構成例詞一般情況詞尾加-inggo-going以不發(fā)音字母e結尾的動詞先去掉e,再加ingcome-coming,take-taking末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)先雙寫最后一個輔音字母,再加-ingget-getting,sit-sitting,begin-beginning(三)動詞的過去式動詞的過去式分為規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種。形式構成例詞一般情況詞尾加-edlook-looked,play-played以不發(fā)音字母e結尾詞尾加-dlive-lived,like-liked以“輔音字母+y”結尾先變y為,再加-edstudy-studied末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)動詞雙寫最后一個輔音字母,再加-edstop-stoppedplan-planned詞尾ed的發(fā)音有三種情況：1.在清輔音后讀[t]，如looked；2.在濁輔音或元音后讀[d],如opened;3.在[t]、[d]后面讀[id],如wanted。am/is-was,are-were,buy-bought,have-had,can-could,do-did,drink-drank,fall-fell,feel-felt,find-found,fly-flew,go-went,give-gave,know-knew,leave-left,make-made,read-read,ride-rode,run-ran,sleep-slept,sing-sang,swim-swam,take-took等。練習檢測一、選詞填空，注意詞的正確形式。amisarewasweredodoesdid1.Myfatheradriver,andmymotheradoctor.2.Whatcolourthecats?3.youyourhomeworklastweekend?4.yoursisterlikedoingwordpuzzles?5.Theretwowaterbottlesonthedeskjustnow.6.Manyyearsago,thereaparkinfrontoftheschool.二、用所給動詞的適當形式填空。1.Helen(go)toBeijingnextyear.2.Thefirstclass(begin)at8:30tomorrowmorning.3.Thegirl(notlike)singingbefore.4.Let's(ride)abikeonSunday.5.Heoften(wash)hisclothesatnight.6.Thankyoufor(come).7.Wouldyoulike(drink)sometea?8.Ioftenhelphim(clean)theclassroom.三、選擇填空。()1.Whatdidourmotheryesterday?A.doB.doesC.did()2.ShetoHangzhoutwoyearsago.A.comeB.comesC.came()3.HeistoBenonthephone.A.talkBtalksCtalking()4.--Howisshefeeling?--Shebetter.A.feelsB.isfeelC.isfeeling()5.Whatareyoutomorrowafternoon?A.goingtodoB.doingC.gotodo()6.Myuncleafilmlastweek.A.watchesB.watchC.watched()7.hebasketballontheplaygroundnow?A.Does;playBIs;playingC.Did;play()8.Lindapicturesverymuch.A.likedrawingB.likesdrawC.likesdrawing四、改錯。將有誤的一項的序號填在括號里，并改正在橫線上。()1.Shecan'tmakesbirthdaycards.ABC()2.Wouldyoulikegowithme?ABC()3.Didyousleptwelllastnight?ABC()4.I'mgotohaveacookingclass.ABC()5.Wasyouathomeyesterday?ABC()6.Mymumhaveabeautifulbag.ABC()7.Joeisgoodatrunintherace.ABC五、用括號里的詞的適當形式填空，使短文完整。MylastSundayI(be)busylastSunday,InthemorningI(go)tothesciencemuseumwithmyfriendSam.We(see)differentkindsofrobotsthere.Oneoftherobotscould(move)itsarmsfast.There(be)another(talk)robot.They(be)veryi