現(xiàn)代物流對新歐亞大陸橋的影響

現(xiàn)代物流對新歐亞大陸橋的影響

ImpactsofModernLogisticsontheNewEurasiaContinentalBridge(NECB)何明珂博士北京工商大學商學院教授Dr.HeMingke,ProfessorandHeadBusinessSchool,BeijingTechnologyandBusinessUniversity中國物流與采購聯(lián)合會副會長

VicePresident,ChinaFederationofLogisticsandPurchasing2003新亞歐大陸橋區(qū)域經(jīng)濟合作國際研討會

the2003InternationalSymposiumonRegionalEconomicCooperationalongNewSilkRoad國家新亞歐大陸橋協(xié)調(diào)組、商務部、聯(lián)合國開發(fā)計劃署主辦ChinaNationalCoordinatingMechanismofNewEurasiaContinentalBridgetheMinistryofCommerceofChinaandtheUnitedNationsDevelopmentProgramme2003.11.03.中國鄭州嵩山飯店第一頁，共二十一頁。發(fā)言提綱

Contents趨勢：現(xiàn)代物流產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的國際趨勢Trend:globaltrendofmodernlogisticsdevelopment影響：現(xiàn)代物流與新亞歐大陸橋Impact:mutualimpactsbetweenthedevelopmentofmodernlogisticsandNECB建議：對新亞歐大陸橋區(qū)域物流發(fā)展的建議Suggestion:suggestiononlogisticsdevelopmentalongcitiesofNECB趨勢：現(xiàn)代物流產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的國際趨勢第二頁，共二十一頁?，F(xiàn)代物流業(yè)發(fā)展的10大原因

10mainmicro-reasonsforthedevelopmentofmodernlogistics產(chǎn)品更新越來越快Quickerproductupdate需求升級越來越快Quickerdemandescalation需求變化越來越快Fasterdemandchange銷售價格越來越低Lowersellingprice經(jīng)營成本越來越大Higheroperationcost利潤空間越來越小Lesserprofitmargin市場劃分越來越細Tiniermarketsegment零售商圈越來越小Narrowermarketstrip市場競爭越來越烈Toughercompetition物流瓶頸越來越多Morelogisticbottleneck第三頁，共二十一頁。趨勢：現(xiàn)代物流產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的國際趨勢

Trend:globaltrendofmodernlogisticsdevelopment物流專業(yè)化和一體化比翼齊飛Greaterdevelopmentofbothlogisticspecializationandintegration全球化與本土化趨勢都在加劇Localizationabreastwithglobalization物流基礎設施更加先進和完善Moreadvancedandsophisticatedlogisticinfrastructure物流組織管理更加科學和合理Morescientificandrationallogisticmanagement信息與網(wǎng)絡使供應鏈更透明、反應更迅速Q(mào)uickerresponseandmoretransparencybyinformation&network企業(yè)間并購與企業(yè)內(nèi)流程重組更加普遍Moremerging,acquiringandreengineering第四頁，共二十一頁。物流專業(yè)化和一體化比翼齊飛

Greaterdevelopmentofbothlogisticspecializationandintegration企業(yè)內(nèi)部：功能整合Internalfunctionintegrationwithinacompany企業(yè)外部：網(wǎng)絡資源整合Externalnetworkresourcesintegrationamongsupplychainmembers供應鏈物流的一體化Integrationofsupplychainlogistics海爾物流功能和資源的整合FunctionandnetworkresourceintegrationbyHaier物流的專業(yè)化Specializationoflogistics第五方物流5PartyLogistics第四方物流4PartyLogistics第三方物流3PartyLogistics第二方物流2PartyLogistics第一方物流1PartyLogistics第五頁，共二十一頁。物流專業(yè)化和一體化比翼齊飛

Greaterdevelopmentofbothlogisticspecializationandintegration全球采購網(wǎng)絡Globalpurchasingnetwork全球配送網(wǎng)絡Globaldistributionnetwork滿足客戶采購JITJITofpurchasing客戶原材料配送JITJITofrawmaterialdelivery客戶成品配送JITJITofproductdistribution物流Logistics信息流Informationflow信息網(wǎng)絡（BBP+ERP+CRM）Informationnetwork（BBP+ERP+CRM）客戶定單信息流Orderflow供應商Supplier制造支持Manufacturing購買獲取Purchasing產(chǎn)品配送Distribution顧客Customer客戶定單信息流Orderflow客戶定單信息流Orderflow企業(yè)管理基礎Managementbaseofthecompany第六頁，共二十一頁。全球化與本土化趨勢都在加劇Localizationabreastwithglobalization著眼全球，立足本土Thinkgloballyandactlocally工廠的專業(yè)化Focusedfactories倉庫的集中化Centralizedinventories制造、采購的延遲化Postponement工廠Factory供應商Supplier客戶Customer客戶Customer客戶Customer分銷商Distributor直撥、集并（CrossDocking、Consolidation)第七頁，共二十一頁。物流基礎設施更加先進和完善Moreadvancedandsophisticatedlogisticinfrastructure第八頁，共二十一頁。物流組織管理更加科學和合理Morescientificandrationallogisticmanagement實物傳遞網(wǎng)絡Physicalnetwork信息網(wǎng)絡Informationnetwork組織網(wǎng)絡Organizationnetwork運作網(wǎng)絡Operationnetwork

第九頁，共二十一頁。信息與網(wǎng)絡使供應鏈更透明、反應更迅速Q(mào)uickerresponseandmoretransparencybyinformation&network物流資源的辨識與調(diào)度(IdentifyingandScheduling)數(shù)據(jù)庫、標準、編碼、定位、地圖、通信物流系統(tǒng)的設計與優(yōu)化(SystemPlanning)預測、決策分析、人工智能、模擬與仿真物流業(yè)務運作(Operation)EOS、EDI、VMI、CRP、ECR、RFID、WMS、ITS、ERP物流管理與業(yè)績評估(Evaluation)CRM、ABCs、DPP、KPI、GMP、SOP物流服務提供(Service)CallCentre、Web-BasedTracking/Tracing企業(yè)間并購與企業(yè)內(nèi)流程重組更加普遍

Moremerging,acquiringandreengineering第十頁，共二十一頁。供應鏈物流的需求

Newlogisticsdemandsinsupplychain1.供應鏈的快速響應(QuickResponse)2.延遲制造導致供應鏈重心下移：B2Cdelivery3.經(jīng)銷商管理庫存轉向供應商管理庫存（VMI）4.降低供應鏈成本(Activity-BasedCosting,DPP)5.客戶關系管理(CRM)6.流程重組(ProcedureRe-engineering,ERP,DRP)7.持續(xù)補貨策略(CRP)第十一頁，共二十一頁。供應鏈物流集成商的責任Responsibilitiesoflogisticsintegrator1.供應鏈物流系統(tǒng)總體設計Masterlogisticsplanning2.物流業(yè)務外包與資源外購Outsourcing3.物流運作過程監(jiān)督與控制Operationsupervisionandcontrol4.供應鏈物流系統(tǒng)集成整合Systemintegration5.一體化增值物流服務提供Integratedvalue-addedservices第十二頁，共二十一頁。發(fā)言提綱

Contents趨勢：現(xiàn)代物流產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的國際趨勢Trend:globaltrendofmodernlogisticsdevelopment影響：現(xiàn)代物流與新亞歐大陸橋 Impact:mutualimpactsbetweenthedevelopmentofmodernlogisticsandNECB建議：對新亞歐大陸橋區(qū)域物流發(fā)展的建議Suggestion:suggestiononlogisticsdevelopmentalongcitiesofNECB影響：現(xiàn)代物流與新亞歐大陸橋第十三頁，共二十一頁。

新亞歐大陸橋

NewEurasiaContinentalBridges第十四頁，共二十一頁。2002年中國的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展China’seconomicdevelopmentin2002FundamentalchangePlanned→MarketMarketization69%99%:supply>demandTrade5thintheworldUS$620.8billionUSA,GER.JAP.,FRA.GDP6thintheworldUS$1237billionGrowth

1978-2002↑9.4%GDPpercapitaus$950FDI1stintheworldUS$52.7billion>USAfirsttimeFER2ndintheworldUS$286.4billion,Jap.PrivatefinancialassetsUS$1351.5billionChinais:1.developing2.emergingmarket3.open,interdependent4.friendly,reliable中國經(jīng)濟的快速持續(xù)增長是物流發(fā)展的強大動力。Thestrongeconomydrivesthedevelopmentoflogistics.第十五頁，共二十一頁。影響：現(xiàn)代物流對新亞歐大陸橋發(fā)展的影響

Impact:impactsofmodernlogisticsonthedevelopmentofNECB發(fā)展物流對NECB有直接的需求LogisticsdevelopmentservesASadirectdemandforNECB促進以運輸為核心的基礎設施建設Facilitatetheconstructionoftransport-orientedinfrastructure物流的發(fā)展Logisticsdevelopment新亞歐大陸橋的發(fā)展DevelopmentofNECB運輸包含在物流中，發(fā)展物流就要發(fā)展運輸Transportispartoflogistics,todeveloplogisticsistodeveloptransport第十六頁，共二十一頁。發(fā)言提綱

Contents趨勢：現(xiàn)代物流產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的國際趨勢Trend:globaltrendofmodernlogisticsdevelopment影響：現(xiàn)代物流與新亞歐大陸橋 Impact:mutualimpactsbetweenthedevelopmentofmodernlogisticsandNECB建議：對新亞歐大陸橋區(qū)域物流發(fā)展的建議Suggestion:suggestiononlogisticsdevelopmentalongcitiesofNECB建議：對新亞歐大陸橋區(qū)域物流發(fā)展的建議第十七頁，共二十一頁。建議：對新亞歐大陸橋區(qū)域物流發(fā)展的建議

Suggestion:suggestiononlogisticsdevelopmentalongcitiesofNECB開放：開放市場，推行貿(mào)易自由化和便利化，增加原生性物流需求Openmarketanddevelopeconomytofacilitatetradeandprovideconvenience,increaseoriginallogisticsdemand機構：建立統(tǒng)一的特別機構，提升地位，變協(xié)調(diào)為決策，納入上海合作組織框架Setupanauthorizedanduniformedadhocunittomakedecisionratherthancoordinationonly調(diào)研：調(diào)查和研究新亞歐大陸橋運作困難，提出對策StudyonthedifficultiesandproblemsintheoperationoftheNECB戰(zhàn)略：制定新亞歐大陸橋戰(zhàn)略規(guī)劃DevelopaNECBStrategy企業(yè)：鼓勵企業(yè)使用大陸橋EncouragecompaniestomakeuseofNECB第十八頁，共二十一頁。建議：對中國沿橋城市物流發(fā)展的建議

Suggestion:suggestiononlogisticsdevelopmentalongChinesecitiesofNECB點、線、面規(guī)劃的分工與協(xié)同Logisticsplansinsite,industryandregionshouldbecoordinated基礎設施新建、存量資產(chǎn)的整合、優(yōu)化與重組Integration,rationalizationandreshufflingnewandoldinvestment物流定位符合城市特色與定位Logisticspositionshouldfitthepositionofthecity物流網(wǎng)絡的優(yōu)化（節(jié)點與連線）Optimizationoflogisticsnetwork集中與分散布局Centralizationand