高考英語專題語法虛擬語氣詳細(xì)解析以及練習(xí)題（無答案）

虛擬語氣專題虛擬語氣用來表示說話人的主觀愿望或假想，而不表示客觀存在的事實(shí)，所說的是一個(gè)條件，不肯定是事實(shí)，或許與事實(shí)相反。應(yīng)用條件表示假想的虛假的與事實(shí)相反的或者難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的狀況，用虛擬語氣表示說話人主觀愿望，建議或者某種劇烈情感時(shí)，也用虛擬語氣。表示主觀愿望或者某種劇烈情感的動(dòng)詞堅(jiān)持吩咐建議要求(互動(dòng))一個(gè)堅(jiān)持：insist兩個(gè)吩咐：order,command三個(gè)建議：suggest,advise,propose四個(gè)要求：demand,require,ask,desire動(dòng)筆記好記性不如爛筆頭一動(dòng)詞后面的虛擬語氣表示主觀愿望，建議或者劇烈情感用shoulddo表示，其中should可以省略，也可以保留Theteacherdemandedthatthestudentsshouldfinishthehomeworkontime.Theteacherdemandedthatthestudentsfinishthehomeworkontime.Theyinsistedthatweshouldholdameetingtosolvetheproblem.Theguideproposedthatweshouldsetoutatonce.Hedemandedthattheproblem()rightnow.A.wassolvedB.besolvedC.mustbesolvedD.wouldbesolvedHedemandedthattheproblemshouldbesolvedrightnow.Hedemandedthattheproblembesolvedrightnow.考點(diǎn)should可以省略Suggest表明，示意，說明不用虛擬語氣Insist堅(jiān)持說，堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，不用虛擬語氣Theguidegaveusasuggestionthatweshouldsetoutatonce.Theguidesuggestedthatweshouldsetoutatonce.Herpalefacesuggestedthatshe()ill,soherfriendssuggestedthatshe()adoctor.(gowentgonewiththewind)Awas,shouldgotoseeBshouldbe,wenttoseeCwas,wenttoseeDshouldbe,gotoseesuggest不用虛擬語氣表明，示意，說明suggest用虛擬語氣建議Wish

在動(dòng)詞wish后的從句中用虛擬語氣，表示不行能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。Wish+從句過去haddone(過去完成時(shí)態(tài))現(xiàn)在do—did(be--were)將來could/would/might/shoulddo表示過去不行能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望過去完成時(shí)

haddone

Iwishshe()myadviceatthattime.(take)那時(shí)她要是接受我的建議就好了。(2019完形填空真題)

IwishthatI()heryesterday.(see)真希望我昨天見過她。(2019完形填空真題)表示目前不行能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，一般過去時(shí)were,did

IwishI()abird，thenIcouldflyinthesky.(be)但愿我是一只小鳥…….

IwishI()theanswer.(know)我要是知道答案就好了。wereknew

表示將來沒有把握或不行能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望would/coulddo

Iwishyou()stayanhourlonger.(will)我希望你再呆一個(gè)小時(shí)。

Iwishit()stopraining.(can)但愿雨能停。Wish與Hope提示：

由于wish和hope的漢語意思差不多，在運(yùn)用上往往簡(jiǎn)單出錯(cuò)。wish一般表示“希望”、“但愿”，表示不行能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，后接從句時(shí)要用虛擬語氣；hope表示“希望”，指可以實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望，后接從句時(shí)用陳述語氣。

Thestudents()thattheirfootballteamwillwinthegame.學(xué)生們希望他們的足球隊(duì)獲勝。A.hopeB.Wish

I()Icouldflyinthebluesky.我希望我能在藍(lán)天里自由的翱翔。A.hopeB.Wish可能實(shí)現(xiàn)不行能實(shí)現(xiàn)2.表示假想的虛假的與事實(shí)相反的或者難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的狀況If的條件句過去現(xiàn)在將來1.對(duì)過去的虛擬與過去的事實(shí)相反If+haddone,would/could/might/should+havedonesthIfIhadcomehereyesterday,IwouldhaveseenMr.Smith29.—Itrainedcatsanddogsthismorning.I’mgladwetookanumbrella.(2019重慶市高考真題) —Yeah,wewouldhavegotwetalloverifwe_____.A.hadn’t B.haven’tC.didn’tD.don’t2.對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬與現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)相反If+過去式be(were),would/could/might/should+doIfI()abird,I()inthebluesky.A.were,couldflyB.was,canflyC.were,canflyD.was,couldfly3.對(duì)將來的虛擬與將來的事實(shí)相反If+過去式/shoulddo/weretodo,,would/could/might/should+do.Ifhecame/shouldcome/weretocometomorrow,wecouldgoskatingtogether.Ifit()tomorrow,ourPEclass()putoff.A.wasraining,wasB.shouldrain,wouldbeC.rained,wasD.rained,would虛擬語氣的擴(kuò)充1.隱含條件句（butfor,without,otherwise,or）即它沒有if引導(dǎo)的從句Shewasill,otherwiseshewouldhavebeenpresentatthemeeting.她病了，否則的話就會(huì)出席會(huì)議了。（條件通過連詞otherwise/or表示出來Ifshehadnotbeenill...）Wedidnotknowhistelephonenumber,otherwise/orwewouldhavecalledhim.Butfor(要不是，倘如不是)hishelplastweek,wewouldhavebeenlostinthewoods.Withoutyourhelp,wewouldneverhavefinishedthetaskontime.2.錯(cuò)綜條件句虛擬條件句中的主句和從句涉及的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一樣，這時(shí)主句和從句的謂語形式應(yīng)根據(jù)各自動(dòng)作發(fā)生的實(shí)際時(shí)間來表達(dá)。Ifyouhadn'twatchedTVyesterday,youwouldn'tbesosleepynow.假如你昨天不看電視，你現(xiàn)在也就不會(huì)這么困了。（從句yesterday說明過去，主句now說明現(xiàn)在）

Iftheyhadlefthomeearlythismorning,theywouldarriveinhalfanhour.假如他們今日一早就離開家的話，再過半小時(shí)他們就該到了。（從句說明過去，主句說明將來。）

Ifyouhesitatethismoment,youmightsufferinthefuture.假如你此刻遲疑不決，你將來會(huì)吃苦頭的。（從句說明現(xiàn)在，主句說明將來）1.Iftherewerenosubjunctivemood,English____mucheasier.A.willbe

B.wouldhavebeen

C.couldhavebeen

D.wouldbe2.Ifshehadworkedharder,she____.A.wouldsucceed

B.hadsucceeded

C.shouldsucceed

D.wouldhavesucceeded3.Ifhe____mehistelephonenumberyesterday,I____abletoringhimupnow.

A.told;wouldbe

B.hadtold;wouldbe

C.hadtold;wouldhavebeen

D.told;