賓語從句詳細(xì)講解及習(xí)題

賓語從句詳細(xì)講解及習(xí)題賓語從句(TheObjectClause)定義：在主句謂語動詞(及物動詞)或介詞后，充當(dāng)賓語成分的句子。★賓語從句要抓住三要素：連接詞、語序和時態(tài)。一.賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞(連接詞)。根據(jù)引導(dǎo)賓語從句的不同連詞，賓語從句可分為三類。.由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。當(dāng)賓語從句是陳述句時，連詞由that引導(dǎo)，當(dāng)that只有語法作用，沒有實(shí)在的意義，在口語和非正式文體中可以省略?？筛蓆hat引導(dǎo)的賓語從句的動詞有say,think,sure,wish,hope,know,see,believe,agree,expect,feel,hear,prefer,request,require,report,mean等。例句：Sheknows(that)Tomisill.他說他昨晚很早就睡了。Whatdoesthesignmean?▲that不能省的兩種情況：(1)當(dāng)that作介詞except,in的賓語時。例句：Theybelieveinthatshemustwin.除了他是美國人，我對他一無所知。(2)用it作形式賓語時,it放在think,find,believe,feel,make等詞后作為形式賓語，that引導(dǎo)賓語從句移到句子后部。我聽說她下個月會結(jié)婚。.由whether,if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句當(dāng)由一般疑問句充當(dāng)賓語從句時，用if或whether引導(dǎo)，意為“是否”。例句：Idon'tknowif/whetherhestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.我不知道這么多年后他是否還住在這兒。Iwanttoknow .(他是否跟我們一起去公園)Askhim.(他是否能來)Idonytknow.(是否要下雨)▲但在下列情況下只能用whether：(1)在具有選擇意義，有or或ornot時，尤其是直接與ornot連用時，往往用whether.(2)在不定式前用whether：(3)在介詞后面：(4)賓語從句提前時：由連接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which和連接副詞when,where,why,how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。這樣的賓語從句實(shí)際上是由特殊疑問句變化而來的，賓語從句要用陳述句語序。用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞常常是：see,say,tell,ask,answer,know,decide,show,suggest,doubt,wonder,understand,advise等。例句：Doyouknowwhomtheyarewaitingfor?Pleasetellhimwhenandwherethemeetingwillbegin.只有你能決定誰是最佳人選。你能告訴我他現(xiàn)在在哪兒嗎？練習(xí)題：---Becareful!Don,tbreakthebottles.DoyouhearIsaid?David?一Yes,MumTheteacheraskedthenewstudentclasshewasin.Idon,tknowMr.Greenwillcometoseeus.HeyllhelpuswithourEnglish.把下列句子連成帶賓從的復(fù)合句：.Howoldishe? Doyouknow???？.Didyouenjoyyourselfattheparty?Heaskedme.二.賓語從句的語序賓語從句的語序應(yīng)為陳述句的語序。主句+連接詞+從句（主語+謂語+其他）例句：Ithinkthathewillbebacksoon.CanyoutellmehowIcangettozoo?▲當(dāng)從句的原句為以下句子（What,swrong?/What‘sthematter?/What‘shappening?/What,shappened?）語序不變。例句：Idon,tknowwhat,sthematter.練習(xí)題（1）Areyouinterestedin?A.howdidhedoitB.hedidithowC.howhediditD.hehowdidit（2）Whocantellusaboutoverthere?A.whattheytalkB.whattheyaretalkingC.whataretheytalking（3）Tomasked toschoollate.A.whodidoftencomeB.whooftendidcomeC.whooftencame（4）Nobodyknowstovisitourschool.A.whenhewillcomeB.whenwillhecomeC.whenhedoescomePleasetellustotheScienceMuseum.A.howcanwegetB.howwecanreachC.howwecangetD.howcanwereach三.賓語從句的時態(tài)主句從句現(xiàn)在時任何時態(tài)過去時過去某一時態(tài)任何時態(tài)現(xiàn)在時（客觀真理）A:主句一現(xiàn)在時，從句…任何時態(tài)。例句：我認(rèn)為你是正確的。我知道他十年前住這兒。B：主句…過去時，從句…過去某一時態(tài)。他告訴我他正在為運(yùn)動會做準(zhǔn)備。Whatdidhesav?flaminWhatdidyourfathersay? Whatdidhesay?C：從句…現(xiàn)在時(客觀真理)。例句:Theteachertoldusthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.老師說一月是一年的第一個月。練習(xí)題：1)Iamsurethatitalovelycat.(be)2)Theteachertoldusthatthesunintheeast.(rise)Areyousurethattheytheirhomeworkat8o,clocklastnight?(do)Ithinktheytherebefore.(be)Bettytoldmeshethatfilm.(see)▲賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移.當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是think,believe,suppose,expect等詞，而賓語從句的意思是否定時，常把否定轉(zhuǎn)移至主句表示。Idon,tthinkitisrightforhimtotreatyoulikethat..主句的謂語動詞是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,guess等，并且主句的主語是第一人稱而且為一般現(xiàn)在時，從句的否定詞一般要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上來，其反義疑問句一般與賓語從句一致.Idon,tbelievethatmaniskilledbyJim,ishe?我猜你還沒完成這項(xiàng)工程，對嗎？.當(dāng)主句的主語是第二、三人稱時，其反義疑問句一般與主句保持一致。Yoursistersupposessheneedsnohelp,doesn'tshe?練習(xí)題.Idon,tthinkheisright, ?A.isn,theB.isheC.doID.don,tI.Hebelievessheisright,?A.doesn,theB.doesheC.issheD.isn,tshe.Ithoughtthathedislikedplayingfootball,?A.didnytheB.didheC.didID.didnytI.IfindimportantthatwepracticeEnglisheveryday.A.itB.thisC.thatD.what.Youcan,timagine whentheyreceivedthenicegift.A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcitedHomework一.選擇題()1Thegirlsaskediftheysomefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.cantakeB.wouldtakeC.takesD.willtake()2CatherinesaidthatshetoGuangzhou.A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergoneC.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen()3Thestudentswanttoknowwhethertheydictationtoday.A.hadB.has.C.willhaveD.are()4SheaskedLindaifgoandgetsome.A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecanD.shemay()5Lindasaidthemoonroundtheearth.A.travelledB.hastravelledC.travellsD.hadtravelled()6Doyouknowtheylistenedtoyesterdayevening?A.whatBwhenCwhyDhow()7Heaskedmetoldmetheaccident.AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhose()5Didyouknow?A.whohewaslookingafterB.whowashelookingforC.whoheislookingforD.whoheislookingafter()6Couldyoutellme?A.whenwilltheyleaveBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveBeijingC.whentheywillleaveBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveBeijing二.用所給動詞的正確形式填空1、Iwon'treturnthebooktothelibrarybecauseI(notfinish)readingit.2、Ihopehe(come)backinaweek.3、Shesaidthey(know)eachotherforquitesometime.4、WhenIgottothecinema,thefilm(begin)5、Mikeaskedmeifwe(ask)anyquestionsthenextclass.6、Willyoucomeandstaywithusforawhilewhenyou(finish)doingyourhomework?7、ComradeWangdidn'tknowifthere(be)onEnglisheveningthatday.7、Pleasetellmeifshe(come)againnexttime.8、Ifit (notrain)tomorrow,we(visit)thePople'sMuseum.9、John(write)somethingwhenI(go)toseehim.10、Ourteachertoldusthatlight (travel)muchfasterthansound.三.用所給的單詞將下列句子連成一句.Whatishername?(Idon,tknow).WheredoesDoctorLiuLive?(Doyouknow).Whatdidheloseattherailwaystation?(Wouldyoutellme).Whyisthecinemaclosed?(Iwonder).Whendidtheaccidenthappen?(Pleasegoandfindout).Whatforeignlanguagecanyouspeak?(Iwanttoknow).Whoseboxisitonthefloor?(I’mnotsure