蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版

蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版SANY標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化小組SANY標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化小組#QS8QHH-HHGX8Q8-GNHHJ8-HHMHGN#蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第1頁(yè)。蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第1頁(yè)。技術(shù)手冊(cè)Technicalmanual哈爾濱九洲電氣股份有限公司HARBINJIUZHOUELECTRICCO.,LTD.目錄Content1引言Introduction·····································································12主要用途Applicability································································1浮充使用Floatingcharge·····························································1循環(huán)使用CycledUse································································13電池結(jié)構(gòu)Structureofthebattery························································14密封原理SealingMethod······························································15技術(shù)特點(diǎn)TechnicalCharacteristics······················································26技術(shù)規(guī)格Technicalspecifications·······················································37電氣性能ElectricalPerformance························································4蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第2頁(yè)。充電特性ChargingCharacteristics······················································5蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第2頁(yè)。浮充電特性FloatingChargeCharacteristics·············································5循環(huán)充電特性CycledChargeCharacteristics···········································5均衡充電特性EqualizingChargeCharacteristics·········································6放電特性DischargingCharacteristics····················································6恒電流放電特性Constant-CurrentDischargeCharacteristics································6放電容量溫度特性TemperatureCharacteristicsofDischargingCapacity······················8沖擊放電特性Impactdischargeperformance············································8容量換算系數(shù)與時(shí)間關(guān)系曲線Relationshipbetweencapacityconversioncoefficientandtime···9容量換算系數(shù)比較Comparisonofcapacityconversioncoefficient·····················10恒定終止電壓放電特性Constantendpointvoltagedischargecharacteristics················11大電流放電特性Greatcurrentdischargefeature-1mindischargefeature······················11容量保持特性Capacitanceself-containedfeature-self-discharge·····························11內(nèi)阻特性IntrinsicresistanceCharacteristics·············································12蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第3頁(yè)。壽命特性LifeCycle·······························································12蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第3頁(yè)。8安裝指南InstallationGuide···························································13安裝注意事項(xiàng)Attentionduringinstallation·············································13蓄電池安裝Installationofbattery·····················································13電池柜安裝Installationofbatterycabinet···············································139驗(yàn)收Acceptance···································································17驗(yàn)收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)AcceptanceStandard·······················································17驗(yàn)收規(guī)則AcceptanceSpecification····················································17容量校核Capacityverification·······················································1710使用與維護(hù)OperationandMaintenance················································1811蓄電池常見(jiàn)故障及消除方法Commonfailure&trouble-shooting····························1912技術(shù)服務(wù)及質(zhì)量信息反饋Technicalserviceandqualityinformationfeedback·················201引言IntroductionSUPERFMGFM系列閥控密封鉛酸蓄電池是在研究傳統(tǒng)的“鉛——硫酸——二氧化鉛”電化學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)上，應(yīng)用氣體再化合原理，采用新型材料、新技術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)制造而成。蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第4頁(yè)。TheSUPERFMGFMseriesvalve-controlledconfinementlead-acidbatterywasmadewithnewmaterialandnewtechnologybyusinggasrecombinationprinciple.It’sbasedonthestudyofthetraditional“l(fā)ead-sulfuricacid-leaddioxide”electrochemistry.蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第4頁(yè)。哈爾濱九洲電氣股份有限公司融匯國(guó)內(nèi)外數(shù)十年的科研成果，形成了自己獨(dú)特的閥控密封鉛酸蓄電池設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)，產(chǎn)品采用國(guó)際IEC、日本JIS和我國(guó)電力、郵電等行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制造，按國(guó)際最先進(jìn)的ISO9001管理模式建立質(zhì)量保證體系，并被有效的運(yùn)行，對(duì)產(chǎn)品容量、開(kāi)路電壓、浮充電壓均衡性、密封性、安全閥開(kāi)啟壓力以及極性等性能100%在線檢測(cè)，因而具有很高的可靠性和穩(wěn)定性。該產(chǎn)品多次通過(guò)電力部、郵電部和解放軍總參部檢測(cè)，并被列為定點(diǎn)配套入網(wǎng)產(chǎn)品。是國(guó)際上九十年代的最新型蓄電池產(chǎn)品。HarbinJiuzhouElectricCoLtd.designsitsownpeculiarsealedvalve-controllead-AcidstoragebatterybycombiningthescientificachievementsofdomesticandinternationalscientificresearchfieldforsometensofyearscompliedwithinternationalIEC,JISofJapanandourcountry’selectricpower&postandtelecommunicationsandotherindustries’standard.WesetupthequalityguaranteesystemusingthemostadvancedinternationallyrecognizedISO9001managementpatternwithgoodperformance.On-linedetectshallbefinishedforproductcapacity,open-circuitvoltage,equalizationperformance,floatchargevoltage,confinementfeature,protectionvalve’sresponsepressure,polarityandotherperformances.TheproductwithahighpercentageofreliabilityandstabilityhaspassedformanytimestestbyMinistryofElectricPower,MinistryofPostandTelecommunicationsandMinistryofPLAGeneralStaff.Thebatteryhasbeenlistedasregularlocalityandcompletenet-joiningproduct.Itisthenewesttypestoragebatteryininternationalmarketofthe90’s.2主要用途Mainusage浮充使用（備用電源）Floatchargeusage(standbypowersupply).電信、通信設(shè)備、程控交換機(jī)。Telecommunications,communicationapparatus,SPCexchange.應(yīng)急照明系統(tǒng)。Emergencylightingsystem.安全防盜、防火報(bào)警系統(tǒng)。Safetyandpreventionofburglary,fireprotectionalarmsystem.計(jì)算機(jī)UPS。ComputerUPS.電力開(kāi)關(guān)系統(tǒng)。Electricpowerswitchsystem.發(fā)電廠、變電所直流操作電源及備用電源。Electricpowerplant,substationdirectlycurrentoperationelectricsourceandstandbyelectricsource.發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)起動(dòng)、船舶設(shè)備。Enginestartup,shipcraftequipment. 蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第5頁(yè)。太陽(yáng)能系統(tǒng)。蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第5頁(yè)。Solarsystem.循環(huán)使用Cycledusage便攜式電視機(jī)、攝錄像機(jī)、收錄音機(jī)。PortableTV,pickupcamera,radioandtaperecorder.電動(dòng)工具、割草機(jī)、吸塵器。Electrictool,fieldmower.Vacuumcleaner.照相機(jī)、新聞攝影設(shè)備。Camera,newsphotographyequipment.便攜式個(gè)人計(jì)算機(jī)、語(yǔ)言處理器、終端。Portablepersonalcomputer,languageprocessor,terminal.野外測(cè)試設(shè)備、醫(yī)療儀器設(shè)備。Outdoortestingequipment,medicalinstrumentequipment.移動(dòng)電話機(jī)、對(duì)講機(jī)。Mobilephone,walkie-talkie.礦燈、割膠燈、應(yīng)急燈、鐵路信號(hào)燈。Lamp,tappinglamp,emergencylight,railwaysignallight.電動(dòng)玩具、電動(dòng)輪椅。Electrictoy,electricwheelchair.3電池結(jié)構(gòu)Structureofthebattery圖1.蓄電池結(jié)構(gòu)(12V系列)structrueofthestoragebattery(12Vseries)圖2.蓄電池結(jié)構(gòu)(2V系列)structrueofthestoragebattery(2Vseries)表1SUPERFMGFM系列蓄電池構(gòu)件與功能蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第6頁(yè)。SUPERFMGFMseriesstoragebatterycomponentanditsfunction蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第6頁(yè)。部件Component結(jié)構(gòu)材料Structuralmaterial功能Function正極板Positiveplate負(fù)極板Negativeplate涂漿式極板,把活性物質(zhì)涂在特制鉛鈣合金骨架上。Paste-smearedplatespreadactivematerialonspeciallymadelead-calciumalloyframe.保持足夠的容量Keepsufficientcapacity維持容量長(zhǎng)期使用性用（長(zhǎng)壽）Keepcapacitythatcanbeusedforlong.(Longevity)減低自身放電量。Reduceself-dischargevolume提高釋放氣體電極電位。Increasereleasinggaselectricpoleandelectricpotential隔板Dummyplate高強(qiáng)度耐熱氧化性極佳的優(yōu)質(zhì)超細(xì)玻璃纖維氈。Highdensity,heatresisting,excellentoxidizability,highqualitysuperfineglassfibermat.防止正、負(fù)極板之間短路。Preventingshortcircuitbetweenpositiveandnegativeplate.吸附儲(chǔ)備電解液，無(wú)流動(dòng)電解液。Absorptionofthereserveelectrolyte,noflowingelectrolyte.緊壓極板表面，防止活性物質(zhì)脫落。Coarctationthesurfaceofthepolarplate,preventingtheactivematerialfromcomingoff.電解液Electrolyte分析純硫酸配以高純水和特定的添加劑。Analyticalpuresulfuricacidmixedwithhighpurewaterandspecialadditives.正負(fù)極活性物質(zhì)間產(chǎn)生電化學(xué)反應(yīng)。Theactivematerialbetweenpositiveandnegativepolesproduceschemicalreactions.導(dǎo)電作用。Conductionofelectricity外殼和蓋Shellandcover丙烯腈（A）—丁二（B）—苯乙烯（S）共聚物合成樹(shù)脂。Propenylcyanide(A)–bivinyl;butadiene(B)-styrene(S)-interpolymersyntheticresin.容納由正負(fù)極板和隔板組成的極群。保持足夠的機(jī)械強(qiáng)度，可抵受蓄電池內(nèi)的壓力。Holdingpoleclustersconsistingofpositiveplate,negativeplateanddummyplate,keepinenoughmechanicalstrengthtowithstandpressurefrominsidethestoragebattery.安全閥Emergencyvalve用無(wú)雙鍵、耐酸性極好、品質(zhì)穩(wěn)定而耐用的合成橡膠制成。采用帽形或柱形。內(nèi)裝陶瓷過(guò)濾器。Madewithartificialrubberwithnodoublebond,excellentacidproof,thequalityisstableandendurableinuse.Adoptingcap-likeorcolumn.Installedinteriorceramicsfilter.如果蓄電池內(nèi)氣壓高于正常值時(shí)，便放出氣體，使內(nèi)壓正?；?。防止氧進(jìn)入和酸霧放出。Iftheatmosphericpressurewithinthestoragebatteryisabovethenormalvalue,gaswillbesentout,andthepressurefrominsidewillbecomenormal.Preventingoxygenfromcominginsideandacidmistgoingoutside.蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第7頁(yè)。端子蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第7頁(yè)。Terminal用鉛合金制成，與接線柱一起整體模制。Madewithaluminumalloy,itismoldedcompletelywiththebindingpost.非焊接及截面積大的接線端子提高放電倍率和可靠性。容易連接。Bindingpostoftheweldlessconnectionandlargesectionalareacanincreasethedischargemagnificationandimprovereliability.Itcanbeeasilyconnectedwiththebattery’scontactpin.極柱密封Poleconfinement封口劑的顏色：正極為紅色，負(fù)極為藍(lán)色。特種密封膠，專(zhuān)用密封圈。Thecolorofthesealingoffagent;redforthepositivepole,blueforthenegativepole.Specialsealingglue,specialsealingring.內(nèi)外多層密封，防止爬酸滲液。Multiplelayersofsealingfrombothinsideandoutside.Acidliquidcannotbeleakedout.4密封原理SealingMethod鉛酸蓄電池的充放電的電化學(xué)反應(yīng)過(guò)程如圖3，反應(yīng)方程式如下：Theelectrochemicalreactionprocessofthelead-acidstoragebattery,see,thereactionequationasfollows:放電dischargePbO2+2H2SO4+PbPbSO4+2H2O+PbSO4·······(1)充電charge正極電解液負(fù)極正極水負(fù)極Positivepoleelectrolytenegativepolepositivepolewaternegativepole充電后期在正極板產(chǎn)生氧氣，在負(fù)極板產(chǎn)生氫氣Inthelaterstageofthecharging,thepositiveplateproducesoxygen,thenegativeplateproduceshydrogen.正極Positivepole：H2O→1/2O2+2Heq\o(\s\up5(+),\s\do2())+2e……（2）負(fù)極Negativepole：2Heq\o(\s\up5(+),\s\do2())+2e→H2……（3）鉛酸蓄電池實(shí)現(xiàn)密封免維護(hù)的難點(diǎn)就是充電后期水的電解，SUPERFMGFM系列電池采取了以下幾項(xiàng)重要措施，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)了密封性能。Forsealing&maintenancefreeofthelead-acidstoragebattery,thedifficultyliesintheeffectoftheelectrolysisofthewaterduringthelaterperiodofcharging.SPUERFMGFMSERIESStorageBatteryadoptedthefollowingimportantmeasuresandthesealingnaturecanberealizedafterwards.蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第8頁(yè)。采用鉛鈣合金板柵，提高了釋放氫氣電位，抑制了氫氣的產(chǎn)生，從而減少了氣體釋放量，同時(shí)使自放電率降低。蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第8頁(yè)。Usinglead-calciumalloyslabgridtoincreaseelectricpotentialandpreventingtheproductionofthehydrogensothatreleasingvolumeofthegaswasreduced,meantimetheself-dischargeratiowasalsoreduced.SUPERFMGFM系列蓄電池利用了負(fù)極活性物質(zhì)海綿狀鉛的特性，這種物質(zhì)在潮濕條件下活性很高，能與氧快速反應(yīng)，陰極吸收氧氣，抑制了水的減少而無(wú)需要補(bǔ)充水。SUPERFMGFMSeriesStorageBatteryusesthefeaturesofsponge-likeleadinthenegativepoleactivematerial.Thismaterialhashighactivityunderdampconditionandcanbequicklyreactedwithoxygen.Thenegativepoleabsorbstheoxygen,thereductionofwatercanbepreventedandthereisnoneedforaddingwater.在充電最終階段或在過(guò)量充電情況下，充電能量消耗在分解電解液的水份，因而正極板產(chǎn)生氧氣，此氧氣與負(fù)極板的海綿狀鉛以及硫酸起反應(yīng)，使氧氣再化合為水。同時(shí)一部分負(fù)極板變成放電狀態(tài)，因此也抑制了負(fù)極板氫氣產(chǎn)生。與氧氣反應(yīng)變成放電狀態(tài)的負(fù)極物質(zhì)經(jīng)過(guò)充電又恢復(fù)到原來(lái)的海綿狀鉛。Inthefinalperiodofthechargingorundertheconditionofovercharging,thechargingcapacitywasconsumedbythewaterinthedecompositionoftheelectrolyte,andthepositiveplateproducesoxygen,theoxygenreactswiththesponge-likeleadandthesulfuricacidinthenegativeplateandmaketheoxygenrecombinedintowater.Meantimeapartofthenegativeplateturnsintodischargingstatus;thispreventstheproductionofhydrogeninthenegativeplate.Thenegativepolematerialthatreactedwithoxygenandbecamethedischargingstatusrestoresintotheoriginalsponge-likeleadaftercharging.為了讓正極釋放的氧氣盡快流通到負(fù)極，采用了新型超細(xì)玻璃纖維隔板，其孔率可達(dá)90%以上，貧液緊裝配設(shè)計(jì)使氧氣易于流通到負(fù)極再化合為水。Inordertolettheoxygenthatreleasedfromthepositivepoleflowsquicklytothenegativepole,newtypesuperfinefiberglassdummyplatewasapplied;theapertureratiocanreachto90%andup.Thedesignofleansolutioncanmaketheoxygenfloweasilytonegativepoleandrecombineintowater.充電的最終階段或過(guò)量充電情況下所進(jìn)行的化學(xué)反應(yīng)如圖4，反應(yīng)方程式如下：Thechemicalreactioninthefinalperiodofthechargingorundertheconditionofovercharging,see,thereactionequationasfollows:正極的反應(yīng)Reactionofthepositivepole：2H2O→O2+4Heq\o(\s\up5(+),\s\do2())+4e……（4）負(fù)極的反應(yīng)Reactionofthenegativepole：2Pb+O2→2PbO（吸收氧氣）……（5）2PbO+2H2SO4→2PbSO4+2H2O……（6）2PbSO4+4Heq\o(\s\up5(+),\s\do2())+4e→2Pb+2H2SO4(PbSO4還原)……（7）負(fù)極總反應(yīng)Overallreactionofthenegativepole：O2+4Heq\o(\s\up5(+),\s\do2())+4e→2H2O……（8）蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第9頁(yè)。綜上所述：從正極板產(chǎn)生的氧氣硫電時(shí)很快與負(fù)極板的活性物質(zhì)起反應(yīng)并恢復(fù)成水，由于損失極少，故此使蓄電池成為密封式電池。蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第9頁(yè)。Inaword,theoxygenproducedfromthepositiveplatewillreactquicklywiththeactivematerialinthenegativeplateandrestoredintowater,becausethelossisverylittle,thestoragebatterybecomessealingtypebattery.當(dāng)充電電流超過(guò)一定值或充電溫度低于特定的溫度，正極產(chǎn)生的氣體可能不會(huì)被負(fù)極全部吸收，這種情況下，內(nèi)部壓力就要升高，在特定的壓力下（10-49KPa）安全閥就要開(kāi)啟。Whenchargingcurrentexceedsacertainvalueorchargingtemperatureisbelowaspecialsettingvalue,thegasproducedfromthepositivepolecannotbecompletelyabsorbedbynegativepole,underthiscircumstance,thepressurefrominsideissuretorise,underspecialpressure(10-49KPA),theemergencyvalvewillcrack.一定要注意：當(dāng)安全閥開(kāi)啟時(shí)，電解液就要消耗，就會(huì)引起電池性能的降低，為了防止這一情況，充電時(shí)一定要遵照本技術(shù)手冊(cè)規(guī)定的充電要求進(jìn)行操作。Attention:Whentheemergencyvalvecracks,itiscertaintheelectrolytewillbeconsumed,andtheperformanceofthebatteryshallbereducedaccordingly;Inordertopreventthispleasefollowtheinstructionsstipulatedinthistechnicalmanualwhencharging.圖3：充電開(kāi)始到最后階段前的反應(yīng)圖4：充電最后階段之后的反應(yīng)技術(shù)特點(diǎn)TechnicalCharacteristics免維護(hù)操作FreeofMaintenance在整個(gè)壽命期間無(wú)需加酸加水和檢查電解液密度，對(duì)內(nèi)部無(wú)需維護(hù)。Duringthewholelifeexpectancy,thereisnoneedtoaddanyacidandwaterandcheckthedensityoftheelectrolyte.Thereisnoneedforinteriormaintenance.密封無(wú)泄漏Sealingwithoutleakage采用特殊AB密封膠粘接殼體，端子極柱采用多層密封防滲漏技術(shù)，無(wú)爬酸漏液現(xiàn)象。UsingspecialABsealgumcementedhardsurface,terminalpoleusedthetechnologyofmultiplelayerssealingleakageproof.Thereisnophenomenonofweepingacidandleakingliquid.蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第10頁(yè)。極低的自放電Extremelylowself-discharging蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第10頁(yè)。采用電化學(xué)方法制作的特殊鉛鈣合金制造板柵和高純材料制造電池，自放電很低，在20℃環(huán)境溫度下，自放電每天低于額定容量%（每月小于3%）Theself-dischargingisextremelylowbyusingelectrochemicalmethodinmakingspecialleadcalciumalloyslabgridandusinghigh,purematerialinmakingbattery.Underenvironmentaltemperatureof20℃theself-dischargingisbelowthenominalcapacity%everyday(Everymonthitislessthan3%).安全防爆Safetyandexplosionprotection設(shè)有防火安全閥，當(dāng)內(nèi)部產(chǎn)生氣體過(guò)多時(shí)自動(dòng)放氣，然后關(guān)閉。同時(shí)防止腐蝕性氣體放出和外部火花向內(nèi)部引爆。Fireprotectionemergencyvalveisequipped.Itwillautomaticallyreleasethegaswhentoomuchgasproducedinsideandthenshutoff.Meantimeitcanpreventcorrosivegasfromcomingoutandpreventoutsideelectricsparkfromcominginsideandmakingexplosion.長(zhǎng)壽命設(shè)計(jì)Longlifecycledesign使用耐蝕性?xún)?yōu)良的特殊鉛鈣合金制成的重型板柵、高強(qiáng)度隔板和緊裝配防脫粉工藝，具有10年以上的浮充壽命。Usingheavytypeslabgridwithgoodqualityandcorrosionresistantmadeofspecialleadcalciumalloy;high-strengthdummyplateandtightassemblagepowderdisengagefreetechnology;ithasmorethan10years’floatingcharginglifeexpectancy.高倍率放電性能好Highmagnificationdischargingperformance采用獨(dú)特低內(nèi)阻設(shè)計(jì)制造工藝，具有良好的大電流放電性能。Usingspeciallowintrinsicresistancedesignandmanufacturingtechnology.Ithasexcellenthigh-currentdischargingnature.便于安裝Easyinstallation采用高效能氣體再化合設(shè)計(jì)，無(wú)腐蝕性氣體放出，無(wú)流動(dòng)電解液，可以任意角度（倒立除外）柜式或架式安裝，實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)（器）—電池同室安裝使用。Usinghighperformancegasrecombinationdesign,noreleaseofcorrosivegas,noflowingelectrolyte,canbeinstalledatanyangles(withexceptionofturningupsidedown)includingcabinettypeorframetype,themachineandthebatterycanbeinstalledandusedtogetherinthesameroom.技術(shù)規(guī)格TechnicalParameters表2SUPERFMGFM系列密封鉛酸蓄電池規(guī)格型號(hào)蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第11頁(yè)。SpecificationsforSUPERFMGFMseriessealedLead-acidBattery蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第11頁(yè)。型號(hào)Model額定電壓Ratedvoltage(v)10H率容量10HRatecapacitance(AH)外型尺寸Dimensions約重Weight(kg)長(zhǎng)Length(L)寬Width(W)高Height(H)總高Totalheight(TH)121146565741215165941016-FM-10121015197951046-FM-121212160761581676-FM-151215181761671766-FM-2412241651751281346-FM-3812381971651451456-FM-501250325-3521681791796-FM-651265325-3521681791796-FM-801280380-4101702222406-FM-10012100380-410170222240GFM-100210064170325350GFM-1502150110175330350GFM-2002200110175330340GFM-2502250157175330340GFM-3002300157175330340GFM-4002400212178330340GFM-5002500244175330341GFM-6002600300175325346GFM-8002800411175332342GFM-100021000479175332342GFM-120021200400350344355GFM-150021500400350344355GFM-200022000490350340350GFM-3000230007103533403507電氣性能ElectricalPerformance充電特性ChargingCharacteristic無(wú)論用戶(hù)使用狀態(tài)如何，SUPERFMGFM系列蓄電池要求采用限流—恒電壓方式充電，即充電初期控制電流（小于）一般采用恒流（）中、后期控制電壓的充電方法。充電參數(shù)見(jiàn)表3：Currentlimit-voltageconstantmodechargingmustbeusedforSUPERFMGFMseriesbattery,thatis:currentconstantiscarriedoutintheinitialchargingstageforcontrolcurrent(lessthanandinthemiddleandfinalstage,voltageconstantchargingmannershallbeused.ChargingparametersshownasTable3蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第12頁(yè)。表3充電基本參數(shù)（25℃）Tab.3chargingparameters(25℃)蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第12頁(yè)。充電方法Chargingmode參數(shù)Parameters使用方法ApplicationMode恒流充電電流Constantchargingcurrent(A)恒壓充電電壓Constantchargingvoltage（V）標(biāo)準(zhǔn)電流范圍Standardcurrentrange最大允許范圍Allowablemaximumrange允許范圍Allowablerange設(shè)置點(diǎn)Settingpoint浮充使用Floatcharge循環(huán)使用Cycle注：如100AH電池，則恒流充電電流I=注意：蓄電池一般應(yīng)在5-35℃范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行充電，低于5℃高于35℃都會(huì)降低壽命。充電的設(shè)定電壓應(yīng)在指定范圍內(nèi)，如超出指定范圍將造成蓄電池?fù)p壞，容量降低及壽命縮短。Note:Storagebatteryshouldbechargedinthetemperaturerangefrom5to35℃.Oncethetemperatureislowerthan5℃orhigherthan35℃,thelifecycleofthebatterywillbereduced.Thepresetvoltagevalueforcharginguseshouldbeinprescribedrange.Beyondtherangethestoragebatterywillbedamaged.浮充電特性FloatingChargeCharacteristics25℃時(shí)2V蓄電池浮充電壓采用，12V蓄電池浮充電壓為。浮充飽和時(shí)浮充電流一般每AH為1-2mA，其充電特性見(jiàn)圖5。Floatchargevoltageshallbefor2Vbatteryat25℃andfor12Vbatterytobe.Whilefloatchargesaturationstatereaches,floatchargecurrentshallbegenerally2-4mAforeachAH,whosechargingfeatureshownas.浮充電壓應(yīng)根據(jù)溫度變化進(jìn)行調(diào)整，其校正系數(shù)K為-3mV/℃即Floatchargevoltagemustberegulatedinaccordancewithvariationoftemperature,herein,calibratingcoefficientKis-3mv/℃Vt=V25+K(t-25)具體選擇可按圖6進(jìn)行。Specificselectionshallbemadeas.充電量chargingvolume充電電流chargingcurrent充電電壓chargingvoltage圖5充電特性曲線ChargingCharacteristicCurve循環(huán)充電特性Cycledchargingcharacteristics25℃時(shí)循環(huán)使用2V蓄電池充電電壓為，12V蓄電池充電電壓為。其充電特性同圖5。Chargingvoltageshallbeat25℃forcycleduse2Vbatteryandfor12Vbatteryshouldbe.Itschargingcharacteristicisthesameas.圖6浮充電壓選擇指南FloatChargeVoltageSelectionGuide蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第13頁(yè)。均衡充電特性Equalizingchargecharacteristic蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第13頁(yè)。SUPERFMGFM系列蓄電池正常浮充使用時(shí)不需要進(jìn)行均衡充電，當(dāng)出現(xiàn)整組電池浮充電壓偏差大于或個(gè)別單體電壓過(guò)低（<）以及嚴(yán)重過(guò)放等情況，需提高浮充的恒壓電壓給電池均衡充電。其充電特性同圖5，只是其充電電壓為，一般采用(12V電池為。ThereisnoneedofequalizingchargewhenSUPERFMGFMseriesbatteryisinanormalapplicationoffloatcharge.Whilefollowingcaseshappenedsuchasfloatchargevoltagebiasgreaterthanforthewholesetofbatteryand/orindividualsinglebatteryvoltagelowerthanand/orseriousoverdischarge,equalizingchargetothebatteryinordertoraisefloatchargeconstantvoltageherein,chargingvoltageshallbewithintherangeofandgenerallyisselectedfor12Vbattery)whichchargingfeatureissameasthe.放電特性DischargeCharacteristic恒流放電特性ConstantCurrentDischargeCharacteristics蓄電池放出容量與放電電流有關(guān)，放電電流越大，放出容量越小，其不同倍率放電特性曲線如圖7，基本放電參數(shù)見(jiàn)表4。Batterydischargecapacitanceisrelatedtoitsdischargecurrent.Thegreaterthedischargecurrentis,thesmallerthedischargevolumewillbe.ThedischargecharacteristicsfordifferentmagnificationareshownasandthebasicdischargeparameterasTable4圖7不同放電率放電特性曲線Dischargecharacteristiccurveatdifferentdischargevelocity電壓voltage時(shí)間timeSUPERFMGFM小型密封電池最大放電電流為15倍率，固定密封電池最大放電電流為6倍率，最為有效的放電電流范圍是。蓄電池過(guò)放會(huì)縮短使用壽命，應(yīng)盡量避免。放電時(shí)端電壓不能低于終止電壓，否則會(huì)發(fā)生過(guò)放電現(xiàn)象。Maximumdischargecurrentmagnificationforminiaturesealedbatteryshallbe15andforfixedtypesealedbatteryshouldbe6;themosteffectivedischargecurrentrangeisfromto.Overdischargingbatterywillreduceitslifecycle.Whilethebatterybeingdischarged,terminalvoltageshouldbenotlowerthanendpointvoltagetopreventoverdischarge.表4SUPERFMGFM12V、2V密封蓄電池的放電基本參數(shù)與電氣性能蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第14頁(yè)。DischargeParametersandElectricalPerformancefor2V&12VSealedBattery.蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第14頁(yè)。蓄電池型號(hào)Batterytype各種倍率放電Variousmagnificationdischarge10小時(shí)率10-hourrate（）倍率magnification（）1倍率1-magnification（）6倍率6-magnification（）AAHAMinAMinAMin78306783066-FM-10107810303066-FM-12127812303666-FM-15157815304566-FM-2424127824307266-FM-38381978383011466-FM-50502578503015066-FM-656578653019566-FM-808078803024066-FM-1001010078100303006蓄電池型號(hào)BatteryType各小時(shí)率放電Varioushour-ratedischarge10小時(shí)率10hrate5小時(shí)率5hrate3小時(shí)率3hrate1小時(shí)率1hrate終壓Endpointvoltage終壓Endpointvoltage終壓Endpointvoltage終壓EndpointvoltageAAHAAHAAHAAHGFM-10010100189025815560GFM-150151502713512090GFM-200202003618050162110120GFM-300303005427075243165180GFM-4004040072360100324220240GFM-5005050090450125360275300GFM-60060600108540150486330360GFM-80080800144720200648440480GFM-10001001000180900250810550600GFM-120012012002161080300972660720GFM-1500150150027013503751215825900GFM-200020020003601800500162011001200GFM-300030030005402700750243016501800放電容量的溫度特性Temperaturecharacteristicsofdischargecapacity蓄電池放電容量與環(huán)境溫度有關(guān)如圖8。溫度低，容量低；溫度過(guò)高，雖然容量增大，但嚴(yán)重?fù)p害壽命，最佳工作溫度為15-25℃。一定溫度下放出容量與25℃所放出的容量關(guān)系為：Ct=C25(1+K(t-25))式中：K-溫度系數(shù)，10小時(shí)率放電時(shí)K=，1/℃；1小時(shí)率放電時(shí)K=,1/℃。蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第15頁(yè)。Batterydischargecapacitanceisrelatedtoenvironmenttemperatureshownas.Ifthetemperatureislowerthenthecapacitywillbesmaller;whenthetemperatureishigher,althoughthecapacityincreases,servicelifecycleshallbedamagedseriously.Optimumworkingtemperatureshallbewithintherangeof15-25℃.Equationofdischargecapacitanceatbetween25℃andatspecifictemperatureshallbeCt=C25(1+K(t-25)),herein,Kisatemperaturecoefficient.蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第15頁(yè)。K=,1/℃for10hratedischarge.K=,1/℃for3hratedischarge.K=,1/℃for1hratedischarge.圖8溫度對(duì)電池容量的影響Theinfluenceoftemperatureonbatterycapacity蓄電池放出容量capacityreleasedbystoragebattery沖擊放電特性ImpactDischargePerformance蓄電池以恒定電流放電小時(shí)、1小時(shí)和2小時(shí)后疊加沖擊電流I放電5S電池電壓（Uch）與沖擊系數(shù)Kch(Kch=I/C10)關(guān)系如圖9、圖10、圖11。Therelationshipofbatteryvoltage(Uch)andimpactcoefficient(Kch)isshownas,10,11afterconstantcurrentdischargingfor&1handsuperposedimpactcurrentIwhiledischargingfor5S.1-持續(xù)放電4-持續(xù)放電1-持續(xù)放電5-持續(xù)放電2-持續(xù)放電5-持續(xù)放電2-持續(xù)放電6-持續(xù)放電3-持續(xù)放電6-持續(xù)放電3-持續(xù)放電7-持續(xù)放電4-持續(xù)放電圖9放電1h后沖擊放電曲線Impactdischargecurveafter1hdischargingdischargeC10dischargeC10dischargeC10dischargeC10dischargeC10dischargeC10圖10放電后沖擊放電曲線ImpactdischargecurveafterdischargingdischargeC10dischargeC10dischargeC10dischargeC10dischargeC10dischargeC10dischargeC101-持續(xù)放電2-持續(xù)放電3-持續(xù)放電4-持續(xù)放電dischargeC10dischargeC10dischargeC10dischargeC10蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第16頁(yè)。圖11放電2h后沖擊放電曲線Impactdischargecurveafter2hdischarging蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第16頁(yè)。型閥控式密封鉛酸蓄電池容量換算系數(shù)與時(shí)間的關(guān)系曲線Relationshipbetweencapacitycoefficientandtime(GFMvalve-controlsealedleadacidstorage)圖12GFM型閥控式密封鉛酸蓄電池容量換算系數(shù)與時(shí)間關(guān)系的曲線Relationshipbetweencapacitycoefficientandtime(GFMvalve-controlsealedleadacidstorage)容量換算系數(shù)比較Comparisonofcapacityconversioncoefficient容量換算系數(shù)是反映蓄電池放電性能的主要參數(shù)之一，是蓄電池容量的計(jì)算依據(jù)。Capacityconversioncoefficientisoneofthemainparameterswhichreflectthedischargeperformanceofstoragebattery,andthebaseforcountingbattery’scapacity.表5GFM型蓄電池在各放電率及不同終止電壓下的容量換算系數(shù)表Table5CapacityconversioncoefficientsofGFMstoragebatteryatdifferentdischargeratesandwithdifferentendvoltagesTUzKch5S(min)1(min)29(min)30(min)5(min)60(min)90(min)120(min)340(min)360(min)480(min)600(min)注：T-放電時(shí)間Uz-放電終止電壓Kch-容量換算系數(shù)（Kch=I/C10）Note:T-timeofdischargeUz-endvoltageofdischargeKch-capacityconversioncoefficient（Kch=I/C10）恒定終止電壓放電特性Constantendpointvoltagedischargecharacteristics蓄電池在確定的終止電壓后以不同小時(shí)率電流放電，其容量系數(shù)Kcc（Kcc為不同放電率容量與10小時(shí)率容量的百分比）與放電時(shí)間關(guān)系如圖13。Thestoragebatterydischargewithcurrentofdifferenthourrateaftertheendvoltageisset,andtherelationshipbetweenthecapacitycoefficientKcc(Kccmeansthepercentofthecapacityatdifferentdischargeratetothatat10-hourrate)anddischargetimeisshownin.6-終止電壓Endvoltage=5-終止電壓Endvoltage=4-終止電壓Endvoltage=3-終止電壓Endvoltage=2-終止電壓Endvoltage=1-終止電壓Endvoltage=蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第17頁(yè)。圖13容量系數(shù)與放電時(shí)間關(guān)系曲線（25℃）蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第17頁(yè)。大電流放電特性-1分鐘放電特性GreatCurrentDischargeFeature—1minDischargeFeature蓄電池以不同電流放電1分鐘時(shí)電池電壓與沖擊系數(shù)Kch關(guān)系如圖14。Batteryvoltagehasrelationwithimpactcoefficientkchshownaswhenthebatteryhasdischargedfor1min.withdifferentcurrent.圖14Imin沖擊放電特性曲線（25℃）impactdischargecharacteristics(25℃)容量保持特性-自放電Capacitanceself-containedFeature-self-discharge蓄電池在長(zhǎng)期存貯中容量逐漸損失，容量的損失速度與溫度有關(guān)如圖15。Batterycapacitanceshallgraduallydecreaseduringlong-periodstorage,decreasingrateofcapacitanceisrelatedtothetemperatureshownas圖15容量保持性和貯存性指南容量保持率可以通過(guò)電池開(kāi)路端電壓簡(jiǎn)單地來(lái)判斷，一般充足電的新電池開(kāi)路端電壓在，電池開(kāi)路端電壓與剩余的容量關(guān)系如圖16。Capacitancecontainedratecanbejudgedbyopen-circuitterminalvoltageingeneral,theopencircuitterminalvoltageofanewbatterywithsufficientchargeshallbewithintherangeofTheterminalvoltageisrelatedtoremainedcapacitanceshownas圖16開(kāi)路電壓與剩余容量關(guān)系Fig.16Relationshipbetweenopencircuitandremainedcapacitance內(nèi)阻特性IntrinsicResistancePerformance蓄電池內(nèi)阻與容量規(guī)格、荷電狀態(tài)有關(guān)，充足電時(shí)內(nèi)阻最小。表6給出了SUPERFMGFM蓄電池內(nèi)阻供用戶(hù)參考。因?yàn)殡姵貎?nèi)阻很小，測(cè)量時(shí)應(yīng)很好地消除接觸電阻，否則測(cè)量結(jié)果偏大。Batteryintrinsicresistanceisrelatedwithcapacitancespecificationandchargingstate.Theintrinsicresistanceisthesmallestinthestateofchargingtosaturationandthelargestforthestateoffinishingdischargerefertotable5.表6GFM蓄電池內(nèi)阻IntrinsicresistanceofGFMbattery容量規(guī)格Capacity(AH)20030040050060080010001200150020003000內(nèi)阻Intrinsicresistance(mΩ)蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第18頁(yè)。壽命特性LifeCyclefeature蓄電池技術(shù)手冊(cè)中英文版全文共30頁(yè)，當(dāng)前為第18頁(yè)。蓄電池的壽命與放電次數(shù)、工作溫度、放電深度、浮充電壓以及充放電電流等有著直接的關(guān)系。Battery’slifetimehasdirectrelationstodischargingtimes,workingtemperature,dischargingdegree,floatvoltageandcharging&dischargingcurrentandsoon.●放電深度Dischargingdegree反復(fù)地大量放出蓄電池電量（深放電）將縮短電池壽命，壽命與放電深度和循環(huán)次數(shù)關(guān)系如圖17。Dischargingrepeatedlyandlargelydischargingdeeplyshallshortenthebattery’sservicelifetimewhichhasrelationtodischargingdegreeandcycletimesshownas.圖17循環(huán)壽命與放電深度的關(guān)系Relationshipbetweencyclelifetimeanddischargedegree●溫度的影響Temperature溫度升高將加速電池組份的分解。在恒壓充電時(shí)，高的室溫環(huán)境，充電電流將增大，導(dǎo)致充電過(guò)量，這樣就縮短電池壽命。在低溫充電時(shí)，將產(chǎn)生氫氣，使內(nèi)壓增高，電解液減少，電池壽命縮短。最佳使用溫度為15-25℃。浮充壽命與溫度關(guān)系如圖18。Increasingtemperatureshallacceleratedecompositionofbatterycomponent