定語(yǔ)從句詳解例句

定語(yǔ)從句詳解+例句一、定語(yǔ)從句及相關(guān)術(shù)語(yǔ)1.定語(yǔ)從句：修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞的從句稱(chēng)為定語(yǔ)從句，一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞后面。2.關(guān)系詞：引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞成為關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。關(guān)系代詞有that,which,whom,as等；關(guān)系副詞有where,why。關(guān)系詞常有3個(gè)作用1，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句2代替先行詞3，在定語(yǔ)從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分。二.關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1.who人，在從句中做主語(yǔ)(1)ThewhoplayingfootballfromOne.(2)YesterdayIhelpedanoldwhohis2.whom人，在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，?？墒÷?。(1)Mr.ispersonyoutalkedonthe(2)Mr.isjustboywhomwantsee.注意：關(guān)系代詞whom在口語(yǔ)和非正式語(yǔ)體中常用who替，可省略。(3)Thewho/whommetjustismyfriend.3.which物，在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略(1)Footballisgamewhichislikedmost(2)Thispen(which)boughtyesterday.

4.that指人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于或者；物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于在賓語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。(5)Thenumberthepeoplethat/whocomevisitcityeachrisesmillion.(6)Wheremanthat/whomsawmorning?5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定語(yǔ)從句中做定語(yǔ)(1)hasfriendfatheradoctor.(2)oncelivedawhosehasfallenwhose物時(shí)，常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)代替(3)Theclassroomwhosedoorbrokensoonrepaired.(4)Theclassroomthedoorwhichbrokensoonrepaired.(5)youlikebookcoveryellow?(6)youlikebookcolorwhichyellow?三.介詞關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句常由介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)(1)The(that/which)heoncestudiedisvery(2)Theinwhichoncestudiedvery(3)TomorrowIbringamagazine(that/which)youasked(4)TomorrowIbringamagazinewhichasked.(5)We'llhearfamoussinger(whom/that/who)weoftentalkedabout.(6)We'llhearfamoussingeraboutwhomhavetalked.

注意：1.含有介詞的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)一般不拆開(kāi)使用，如：for,after,care(1)Thiswatchwhich/thatIamlooking(T)(2)Thiswatchwhichamlooking.2.若介詞放在關(guān)系代詞前，關(guān)系代詞指人時(shí)用，不可用或者指物時(shí)用which不能用that；關(guān)系代詞是所有格時(shí)用whose(1)Thewithyoutalkedfriend.(2)Thewho/thattalkedismyfriend.(3)TheplanewhichflewCanadaverycomfortable.(T)(4)TheplanethatflewtoCanadaiscomfortable.3.“介+關(guān)系代詞”前可有some,none,both,neither,each,few代詞或者數(shù)詞(1)lovedparentsdeeply,bothofarekindhim.(2)thebasketarequiteapples,ofwhichgonebad.(3)Therefortystudentsourclassall,ofarebigcities.四．關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1.when時(shí)間，在定語(yǔ)從句中做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(1)stillrememberdayIfirsttotheschool.(2)Thewhengottogetherfinallycame.

2.where地點(diǎn)，在定語(yǔ)從句中做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)(1)Shanghaiiscitywherewas(2)Thewherelivedyearshasbeenpulled3.why原因，在定語(yǔ)從句中做原因狀語(yǔ)(1)Pleasemethewhymissedplane.(2)don'tthereasonlooksunhappytoday.注意：關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的從句可以由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的從句替換(1)Thewhy/forherefusedinvitationclear,(2)Fromtheyearwhen/inwhichhewasgoingtoschoolhebegantoknowhewantedhegrew(3)Greathaveplacethecitywhich/wherewas五．限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句限制性定語(yǔ)從句舉例：(1)TheteachertoldmethatTomwastheonlypersonthatIcoulddepend(2)Chinacountryhaslonghistory.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句舉例：(1)Hismother,wholovesverymuch,stricthim.(2)China,whichwasfoundedin1949,isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.要注意區(qū)分以下幾個(gè)句子的不同(1)Hisbrotherwhoisnowadoctoralwaysencourageshimtogoto

college.他那當(dāng)醫(yī)生的哥哥常鼓勵(lì)他要考上大學(xué)其他的哥哥）(2)Hisbrother,whoisnowadoctor,alwaysencourageshimtogotocollege.他的哥哥是當(dāng)醫(yī)生的，常鼓勵(lì)他要考上大學(xué)一個(gè)哥哥）難點(diǎn)分析（一）限制性定語(yǔ)從句只能用that的幾種情況1當(dāng)先行詞是anything,everything,nothing(something除),few,all,none,little,等代詞時(shí)，或者是由every,any,all,no,little,much等修飾時(shí)(1)HavetakendowneverythingthatMr.has(2)Thereseemstobenothingthatseemsimpossibleforhimintheworld.(3)Allcanbedonebeendone.(4)TherelittleIcanforyou.注意：當(dāng)先行詞指人時(shí)，偶爾也可以用who(4)Anythat/.whohasasensedutywon'tdoathing.2.當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾(1)TheplacethatvisitedLondontheBig3.當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)(1)ThisbestfilmIhaveseen.4.當(dāng)形容詞被thevery,only修飾時(shí)

(1)ThisverydictionaryIwantbuy,(2)Afterfirehishouse,oldistheonlythatowned.當(dāng)先行詞指人時(shí)，偶爾也可以用who(3)WangHuaistheonlypersoninourschoolwhowillattendthemeeting/5.當(dāng)先行詞前面有who,which等疑問(wèn)代詞時(shí)(1)ismanisstanding(2)WhichT-shirtfitsmost?6.當(dāng)先行詞既有人，也有動(dòng)物或者物體時(shí)(1)yourememberscientisthistheoryhavelearned?（二）關(guān)系代詞和引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句aswhich導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，有相同之處也有不同之處。具體情況是：1Aswhich可以在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，代表前面整個(gè)句子。(1)marriedas/whichnatural.(2)washonest,as/whichcansee.2.as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一個(gè)主句導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句只能放在主句之后外正如……，正像……”的意思(1)isknownall,isdeveloping(2)isthesouth,canfromaccent.(3)John,asknow,afamous(4)hastoParisthanseveraltimes,whichdon'tbelieve.

注意：當(dāng)主句和從句存在邏輯上的因果關(guān)系時(shí)，常用which(5)Tomalwaysforschool,madehisteacherangry.3.當(dāng)先行次受such,same修飾時(shí)，常用(1)haveheardastorytells.(2)isnotaaslooks.(3)Thissameaslostweek.注意：當(dāng)先行次由thesame修飾時(shí)，偶爾也用that導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，但是和由as所引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句意思不同(4)ShethesamethatworeMary'swedding.她穿著她在Mary禮上穿過(guò)的一條裙子。(5)Shethesameasyoungsister她穿著和她妹妹所穿的一樣的裙子。（三）以theway為先行詞的定語(yǔ)從句通常由which,that導(dǎo)，而且通?？梢允÷?。(1)Theinwhich/that/./answeredquestionsurprising.四)有時(shí)也可以做關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句(1)Thereverybutunderstandidea.but=don't五區(qū)分定語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句1定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞，它和先行詞是修飾關(guān)系；同位語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明先行詞的具體內(nèi)容，是補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明的關(guān)系(1)TheplanejusttakenforLondon.定語(yǔ)從句(2)Thethathasdeadclear.同位于從句

2定語(yǔ)從句由關(guān)系代詞或者關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)，關(guān)系詞在句中充當(dāng)成分，有時(shí)可以省略語(yǔ)從句主要由that導(dǎo)中一般不做成分也可以由when,where,why,whether,詞引導(dǎo)，充當(dāng)成分(1)Thehetoldistrue.(2)Thethathasdiedistrue.(3)Theproblemthatwearefacingiswecancollectsomuchmoney.定語(yǔ)(4)T