高一英語語法及高一英語語法歸納總結(jié)

高一英語語法-情態(tài)動詞講練一、情態(tài)動詞表推測1.肯定的推測一般用must,should,may（might）或could（不用can），其中，must的語氣最強(qiáng)，譯為“肯定”、“準(zhǔn)是”、“想必是”；should的語氣次之，譯為“很可能”、“應(yīng)該”，指按常理推測；may（might），could的語氣最弱，譯為“也許”、“可能”。①Helen_______goonthetripwithusbutsheisn’tquitesureyet.（2005年安徽卷）A.shall

B.must

C.may

D.can②—I’vetakensomeoneelse’sgreensweaterbymistake.—It___Harry’s.Healwayswearsgreen.（2005年廣東卷）A.hastobe

B.willbe

C.mustn’tbe

D.couldbe③Ihavelostoneofmygloves.I_______itsomewhere.（2005年北京春季卷）A.mustdrop

B.musthavedroppedC.mustbedropping

D.musthavebeendropped④IfI____plantodoanythingIwantedto,I’dliketogotoTibetandtravelthroughasmuchofitaspossible.（2005年湖北卷）A.would

B.could

C.hadto

D.oughtto2.否定推測分為兩種情況：1）語氣不很肯定時，常用maynot,mightnot或couldnot，譯為“可能不”、“也許不”。Youmightjustaswelltellthemanufacturerthatmalecustomers______notlikethedesignofthefurniture.（2004年上海春季卷）A.must

B.shall

C.may

D.need2）否定語氣較強(qiáng)時，則用can’t，譯為“根本不可能”、“想必不會”，表示驚異、懷疑的感情色彩。①—DoyouknowwhereDavidis?Icouldn’tfindhimanywhere.—Well.He______havegonefar——hiscoat’sstillhere.（2005年湖北卷）A.shouldn’t

B.mustn’t

C.can’t

D.wouldn’t②—Isn’tthatAnn’shusbandoverthere?—No,it_______behimI’msurehedoesn’twearglasses.（2004年全國卷Ⅰ）A.can’t

B.mustnot

C.won’t

D.maynot3.疑問句中的推測，往往用can或could。Mr.Bushisontimeforeverything.How______itbethathewaslatefortheopeningceremony？（2001年上海春季卷）A.can

B.should

C.may

D.must4.對已發(fā)生事情的肯定推測常用“must,may,might等+完成式”；否定推測常用“can,could,may,might等+完成式”。①Iwasonthehighwaywhenthiscarwentpastfollowedbyapolicecar.They_______atleast150kilometersanhour.（2005年重慶卷）A.shouldhavebeendoing

B.musthavebeendoingC.couldhavedone

D.wouldhavedone②He_______havecompletedhiswork;otherwise,hewouldn’tbeenjoyinghimselfbyseaside.（2005年北京卷）A.should

B.must

C.wouldn’t

D.can’t③—Tomisneverlateforwork.Whyisbeabsenttoday?—Something________tohim.（2005年江西卷）A.musthappen

B.shouldhavehappenedC.couldhavehappened

D.musthavehappened④MysistermethimattheGrandTheatreyesterdayafternoon,sohe_____haveattendedyourlecture.（2000年上海卷）A.couldn’t

B.needn’t

C.mustn’t

D.shouldn’t二、“情態(tài)動詞+完成式”1.“should（oughtto）+完成式”表示本應(yīng)該做某事而實(shí)際上沒有做。其否定式表示某種行為不該發(fā)生但卻發(fā)生了。①—I’lltellMaryabouthernewjobtomorrow.—You________herlastweek.（2004年福建卷）A．oughttotell

B．wouldhavetoldC．musttell

D．shouldhavetold②Oh,I’mnotfeelingwellinthestomach,I_____somuchfriedchickenjustnow.（2002年上海春季卷）A.shouldn’teat

B.mustn’thaveeatenC.shouldn’thaveeaten

D.mustn’teat2.“could+完成式”表示本來能夠做成某事的但結(jié)果沒能做成，含有遺憾的意味。Hepaidforaseat,whenhe______haveenteredfree.（2005年山東卷）A.could

B.would

C.must

D.need3.“needn’t+不定式的完成式”表示本來不必做某事而實(shí)際上做了某事。例如：Youneedn’thavewateredtheflowers,foritisgoingtorain.你本不需要澆花的，因?yàn)樘炀鸵掠炅??！狢atherine,Ihavecleanedtheroomforyou.—Thanks.You______it.Icouldmanageitmyself.（2005年福建卷）A.needn’tdo

B.needn’thavedone

C.mustn’tdo

D.shouldn’thavedone三、常見的情態(tài)動詞1.shall用于一、三人稱疑問句表示征求對方意見；用于二、三人稱陳述句表示說話人給對方的命令、警告、允諾或威脅等。①“Theinterest

bedividedintofiveparts,accordingtotheagreementmadebybothsides，”declaredthejudge.（2004年重慶卷）A.may

B.should

C.must

D.shall②—Excuseme,butIwanttouseyourcomputertotypeareport.—You______havemycomputerifyoudon’ttakecareofit.（2004年湖南卷）A.shan’t

B.mightnot

C.needn’t

D.shouldn’t③—Theroomissodirty.______wecleanit?—Ofcourse.（2003年北京春季卷）A.Will

B.Shall

C.Would

D.Do2.must用于疑問句，表示責(zé)備、抱怨的感情色彩，意思為“偏偏，偏要”；mustn’t表示禁止，是說話人強(qiáng)有力的勸告。①John,lookatthetime._______youplaythepianoatsuchalatehour？（2005年全國卷Ⅲ）A.Must

B.Can

C.May

D.Need②Tom,you

leaveallyourclothesonthefloorlikethis！(2005年全國Ⅰ）A.wouldn’t

B.mustn’t

C.needn’t

D.maynot3.needn’t表示“沒有必要”?！狶ucydoesn’tmindlendingyouherdictionary.—She______.I’vealreadyborrowedone.（2005年湖南卷）A.can’t

B.mustn’t

C.needn’t

D.shouldn’t4.would表示過去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或某種傾向。Whenhewasthere,he___gotothatcoffeeshopatthecornerafterworkeveryday.（1996年上海卷）A.would

B.should

C.hadbetter

D.might5.表示經(jīng)過努力而成功的某一次動作，只能用was/wereableto，而不能用could。Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone_____getout.（1997年全國卷）A.hadto

B.would

C.wasableto

D.could6.考查情態(tài)動詞用作答語的情況①—Writetomewhenyougethome.—_______.（2001年北京春季卷）A.Imust

B.Ishould

C.Iwill

D.Ican②—CouldIcallyoubyyourfirstname？—Yes,you______.（1998年上海卷）A.will

B.could

C.may

D.might鞏固練習(xí)：1.Michael______beapoliceman,forheismuchtooshort.A.needn’t

B.can’t

C.should

D.may2.ItoldSallyhowtogethere,butperhapsI____forher.A.hadtowriteitout

B.musthavewrittenitoutC.shouldhavewrittenitout

D.oughttowriteitout3.Jack_____yet,otherwisehewouldhavetelephonedme.A.mustn’thavearrived

B.shouldn’thavearrivedC.can’thavearrived

D.needn’thavearrived4.Sir,you______besittinginthiswaitingroom.Itisforwomenandchildrenonly.A.mustn’t

B.can’t

C.won’t

D.needn’t5.Aleft-luggageofficeisaplacewherebags_______beleftforashorttime,especiallyatarailwaystation.A.should

B.can

C.must

D.will6.—IsJohncomingbytrain?—Heshould,buthe_____not.Helikesdrivinghiscar.A.must

B.can

C.need

D.may7.Ithasbeenannouncedthatcandidates_______remainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.A.can

B.will

C.may

D.shall8.Youcan’timaginethatawell-behavedgentleman______besorudetoalady.A.might

B.need

C.should

D.would9.—Don’tforgettocometomybirthdaypartytomorrow.

—_______.A.Idon’t

B.Iwon’t

C.Ican’t

D.Ihaven’t10.Ididn’tseeherinthemeeting-roomthismorning.She____atthemeeting.A.mustn’thavespoken

B.shouldn’thavespokenC.needn’t

havespoken

D.couldn’thavespoken例題答案Key:CDBB

Key:CKey:CA

Key：A

Key:BBDA

Key:DCKey：A

Key:B

Key:DAB

Key:AB

Key:C

Key:AKey：C

Key：CC練習(xí)答案與解析1.B

從第二個分句“他太矮了”可以推知說話者持否定態(tài)度，needn’t意思是“沒有必要”，與語境不符。2.C

根據(jù)句意“我已經(jīng)告訴她怎樣到那兒，但是或許我應(yīng)該給她寫下來”可知，說話者含有“后悔、遺憾”的意味，應(yīng)使用“情態(tài)動詞+完成式”形式，“must+完成式”表示對過去的肯定推測，“should+完成式”才表示虛擬意義。3.C

根據(jù)第二分句“否則的話他就會給我打電話了”可知“Jack肯定還沒到”，“can’t+完成式”意思是“根本不可能”。4.A

從第二分句可知，這是婦女和兒童專用候車室，因此你“不準(zhǔn)”坐在這兒。mustn’t表示“禁止，不準(zhǔn)”。5.B

can在此表示許可。6.D

從后一句“他喜歡開車”可知說話者把握不大。mustnot不表示推測，cannot的語氣太絕對，意思是“根本不可能”。7.D

shall用于第二、三人稱，表示說話人給對方的命令、警告、允諾、威脅等意思。8.Cshould在此表示驚訝的感情色彩，意思是“竟然”。9.B對祈使句的肯定回答用Iwill；否定回答用Iwon’t。10.D根據(jù)句意“我今天上午在會議室沒見到她”，所以“她根本不可能在會上發(fā)言”。表示“根本不可能”用can’t/couldn’thavedone形式。高一英語語法歸納總結(jié)----定語從句的歸納一．幾個基本概念1.定語從句的定義：用作定語的從句叫定語從句。2.先行詞：被定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞。3.定語從句的位置：緊跟先行詞（名詞或代詞）之后。4.引導(dǎo)詞：引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞（包括關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞）。﹙1﹚關(guān)系代詞：that/who/whom/which/as﹙2﹚關(guān)系副詞：when/where/why5.引導(dǎo)詞的位置：位于定語從句之前（先行詞之后）?！綼s除外】6.引導(dǎo)詞的功能（作用）：﹙1﹚連接先行詞和定語從句。﹙2﹚在定語從句中充當(dāng)一定的成分（關(guān)系代詞充當(dāng)主語或賓語，關(guān)系副詞充當(dāng)狀語）。7.定語從句的類型：﹙1﹚限定性定語從句（主句和定語從句之間無逗號）。①直接由引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)定語從句Themanwhoyou’retalkingtoismyfriend.②由介詞+關(guān)系代詞（whom/which）引導(dǎo)Themantowhomyou’retalkingismyfriend.IneedapenwithwhichIcanwritealetter.=IneedapieceofpaperonwhichIcanwritealetter.介詞的選用可根據(jù)從句中的相關(guān)詞組確定，該介詞通?？梢苑旁陉P(guān)系代詞之前，也可放在從句之尾。例如：Theman(who/whom/that)ItalkedaboutatthemeetingisfromBeijing=ThemanaboutwhomItalkedatthemeetingisfromBeijingThepalace(which/that)Ioftenpayavisittowasbuiltinthe17thcentury.=ThepalacetowhichIoftenpayavisitwasbuiltinthe17thcentury.﹙2﹚非限定性定語從句（主句和定語從句之間用逗號隔開）。①直接由引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)定語從句。②由介詞+關(guān)系代詞（whom/which）引導(dǎo)。Iliveinahousefarawayfromthecity,infrontofwhichisabigtree.Thereisanappletreestandingatthegate,onwhicharemanyapples.ThisisthemantowhomIgavethebook.③由“代詞/名詞+of+whom/which”或“ofwhich/whom+名詞/代詞”(先行詞指人用whom,指物用which)引導(dǎo)。One,some,any,none,all,both,several,many,most,neither,either等詞、數(shù)詞、分?jǐn)?shù)或百分比與ofwhom或ofwhich連用。Hehasfivechildren,twoofwhomareabroad.(比較：Hehasfivechildren,andtwoofthemareabroad.)Wehavethreebooks,noneofwhichis/areinteresting.(比較：Wehavethreebooks,butnoneofthemis/areinteresting.)除why和that不能引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句外，其余引導(dǎo)詞都可以，用法同限定性定語從句一樣。但要注意以下區(qū)別。1.在形式上非限定性定語從句與主句有逗號隔開。2.非限定性定語從句的作用：它只是補(bǔ)充說明先行詞的情況，翻譯時可譯成兩個句子。Theengineer,whoselegwasbadlyhurt,wasquicklysenttohospital.（那位工程師被很快送往醫(yī)院，其腿部受了重傷）Theengineerwhoselegwasbadlyhurtwasquicklysenttohospital.（那位腿部受了重傷的工程師被很快送往醫(yī)院）3.在非限定性定語從句中，任何引導(dǎo)詞都不能省略（包括引導(dǎo)詞在此定語從句中充當(dāng)賓語在內(nèi)）。指人做主語時只能用who,做賓語時用whom;指物做主語，賓語都用which;關(guān)系副詞用when或where，也不能省略。Theman,______issittingonthechair,ismyfather.Thewoman,_______Imetyesterday,ismyEnglishteacher.Thecity,_______isfaraway,isverybeautiful.HewenttoAmerica,______hisparentslive.HejoinedtheArmyyesterday,______Ileft,too.4.whose引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句：Thehouse,whosewindowfacessouth,ismine.=Thehouse,thewindowofwhichfacessouth,ismine.＝Thehouse,ofwhichthewindowfacessouth,ismine.二.定語從句中關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的基本用法。1.who/that指人是主格在定語從句中代替先行詞，又作定語從句的主語，不能省略。Doyouknowthegentlemanwho/thatissittingthere?2.whom/who/that指人是賓格，在定語從句中代替先行詞，又作定語從句的賓語（動賓或介賓）。①當(dāng)作動賓（動詞后接賓語）時，關(guān)系代詞可省略。Doyouknowthegentleman(whom/who/that)wemetjustnow?②當(dāng)作介賓（介詞后接賓語）時：介詞不提前時，關(guān)系代詞可省略；介詞提前時，關(guān)系代詞不可省，即介詞＋whom(指人時介詞后的關(guān)系代詞只能用whom)。Theman(whom/who/that)Ispokewithismyteacher.ThemanwithwhomIspokeismyteacher.※注：固定的動詞短語（動詞+介詞）如lookfor,takecareof等不能把動詞與介詞拆開，既介詞不能提至引導(dǎo)詞前。Sheistherightgirl(who/whom/that)wearelookingfor.3.whose:指人或物，是所有格“…的”形式。Whose+n.一起在定語從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語（動賓或介賓）即先行詞的什么東西怎樣了，whose不能省略。。Whose+n.=the+n.+ofwhich/whom=ofwhich/whom+the=n.Ididn’tfindthedeskwhoselegwasbroken.（主語）HeisthestudentwhosepencilIbrokeyesterday.（動賓）ThebossinwhosecompanyIworkisverykind.（介賓）4.which/that指物，指代先行詞且在定語從句中作主語或賓語（動賓或介賓）。①當(dāng)作動賓時，關(guān)系代詞可省略。②當(dāng)作介賓時：介詞不提前時，關(guān)系代詞可省略；介詞提前時，關(guān)系代詞不可省，即介詞＋which(指物時介詞后的關(guān)系代詞只能用which)。Thehousewhich/thatwasdestroyedintheearthquakeisweak.Thepen(which/that)youfoundyesterdayismine.Thegames(that/which)theyoungmencompetedinweredifficult.Thegamesinwhichtheyoungmencompetedweredifficult.※注:介詞+關(guān)系代詞即介詞+whom/which(先行詞指人用whom，指物用which)?！?.as指人或物，在定語從句中可作主語，賓語，表語或狀語，不能省略。主要用于“thesame…as…；such…as…；so…as…；as…as…；asfollows”固定結(jié)構(gòu)中，形式固定此時的引導(dǎo)限定性定語從句。要用as代替who(m),which,或that引導(dǎo)定語從句：SuchpeopleasknewHillthoughthewashonest.SuchpeopleasHillknewthoughthewashonest.Myhometownisnolongerthesameasitwas.Hereissobigastoneasnoonecanlift.Thechildknowsasmuchasgrow-ups(know).I’dliketohavethesamebooksasareusedinyourschool.HeisnotsuchapersonasIexpected.Hewillmarryasprettyagirlashecanfind.※注：which和as可引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句：可以指代主句中的一部分或整個句子的內(nèi)容，which和as都可以指代主句中的一部分或整個句子的內(nèi)容，有時可以互換。因此，當(dāng)as/which指代前面的整個句子，或前句中的部分內(nèi)容作定語從句的主語時，謂語用單數(shù)．Ourteamlostthegame,as/whichwasreportedinthenewspaper.Shewasterrified,as/whichIcouldseefromhereyes.Hemarriedher,as/whichwasnatural.區(qū)別：①as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句可以放在主句前面、插在主句中間或放在主句末尾；而which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句只能放在主句后面。Hemarriedher,as/whichwasnatural.=Aswasnatural,hemarriedher.MarkTwinisagreatwriter,which/asisknowntoall.=Asisknowntoall,MarkTwinisagreatwriter.②as引導(dǎo)的從句有“正如”、“正像”之意，而which則無此意。常用句型有：asweallknow,asisknowntoall,aseverybodycansee,asisexpected,Asisknown/said/reported/told/weallknow等。如：Asweallknow,paperwasfirstmadeinChina.Toshutyoureyestofacts,asmanyofyoudo,isfoolish.③主句和從句有因果關(guān)系時，用which.Ourclasshaswonthefootballmatch,whichmadeusveryhappy.Bamboosarehollow,whichmakesthemverylight.④從句含否定意義時常用which.Shedidn’tpasstheexam,whichwecouldn’texpect.Shedidn’tpasstheexam,asweexpected.6.when關(guān)系副詞：指時間。在定語從句中作時間狀語，不能省略。此時的when還可用介詞+which替換（此時先行詞一定是表時間的名詞）。IstillrememberthetimewhenIjoinedtheLeague.＝IstillrememberthetimeonwhichIjoinedtheLeague.＝Istillrememberthetime(which/that)IjoinedtheLeagueon.7.where關(guān)系副詞：指地點(diǎn)。在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，不能省略。此時的when還可用介詞+which替換（此時先行詞一定是表地點(diǎn)的名詞）。IstillremembertheschoolwhereIjoinedtheLeague.＝IstillremembertheschoolinwhichIjoinedtheLeague.＝Istillremembertheschool(which/that)IjoinedtheLeaguein.※注：對關(guān)系副詞when,where的認(rèn)識。①.先行詞是時間的名詞，并非都用關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)定語從句。I’llneverforgetthetime(which/that)IspentinBeijing.②.先行詞是地點(diǎn)的名詞，并非都用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語從句。Thisisthefactory(which/that)hevisitedyesterday.③.當(dāng)句型為It/This/Thatis(was)thefirst(second…last)time引起的句子時用that連接其后的句子。此時的time是次數(shù)，不是時間。It/Thisisthefirsttimethatwetravel.It/ThisisthelasttimethatIshallgiveyoualesson.8.why指原因，在定語從句中作原因狀語，先行詞通常為reason,不能省略。且why引導(dǎo)的定語從句只能是限定性定語從句。Why=forwhichIdon’tknowthereasonwhyhewaslateyesterday.Thereasonwhy(forwhich)hewaslateisthathemissedthebus.※注：當(dāng)先行詞為reason時，關(guān)系副詞并非都用why。Thisisthereason(that/which)hegave/explainedtous.【判斷用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞】從句缺少的是主語、賓語還是狀語是確定用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞的關(guān)鍵。試比較：Iwillneverforgettheday(which/that)IspentinHongkong.(spent是及物動詞，后缺賓語，因此用關(guān)系代詞或省略)Iwillneverforgetthedaywhen/onwhichHongkongreturnedtoitsmotherland.（從句主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)完整，缺狀語，因此用關(guān)系副詞或介詞加關(guān)系代詞）Thereason（that/which）hegavefornotcomingtoschoolyesterdayisn’tbelievable.(gave是及物動詞，后缺賓語，因此用關(guān)系代詞或省略)Thereasonwhyhedidn’tcometoschoolyesterdayisn’tbelievable.（從句主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)完整，缺狀語，因此用關(guān)系副詞或介詞加關(guān)系代詞）三.值得注意的幾個問題：第一.當(dāng)先行詞是物時，關(guān)系代詞(that/which)只用that的情況。1.當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞的最高級修飾時。Thisisthebestfilmthathasbeenshownthisyear.Thisisthefirstbook(that)Iborrowfromthelibrary.※Heisthefirststudentthat/whocametoschooltoday.2.當(dāng)先行詞為兩個或兩個以上分別指人和物的名詞時。Hetalkedabouttheteachersandtheschool(that)hehadvisited.3.當(dāng)先行詞本身是all的，用that。(allthat=what)Allthat(what)Iwanttosaytoyouis“Thankyou”.=All(what)Iwanttosaytoyouis“Thankyou”.Gooverallthat(what)welearned.=Gooverall(what)welearned.（that在定語從句中充當(dāng)賓語可以省略）4.先行詞為something,anything,nothing,everything,thing時，用that.I’lltellyouanything(that)Iknow.5.當(dāng)先行詞前有all,much,little,many,(a)few,every,some,any,no,only,thevery,oneof,theonly,thelast,thenext等修飾語時。Thisisoneofthebooks(that)I’mveryinterestingin.※ThisisoneofthebooksinwhichI’mveryinteresting.Thisistheonlybook(that)Iread.Heistheonlyoneoftheboysthatlikesplayingthepiano.Alltheglassesthatwereonthetablefelloffontothefloor.6.（人，物），當(dāng)先行詞在以who或which開頭的特殊疑問句中時，用that引導(dǎo)以避免混淆．Whoisthemanthatistalkingwiththelady?Whichofyouthatknowtheanswercancometothefront?7.當(dāng)先行詞是在定語從句中作表語時，用that．Helikesthegirlthatsheusedtobe.第二.當(dāng)先行詞是物時，關(guān)系代詞(that/which)只用which的情況。1.作介賓且介詞置于引導(dǎo)詞之前時．Theroominwhichhelivesisverylarge.2.引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句時（主，賓都用which,都不能省略）．Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.Thehouse,whichIvisitedyesterday,isverylarge.3.which指整個句子的內(nèi)容或部分內(nèi)容，引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句．Healwaysmakesfunofme,whichupsetsme.第三.其他特殊情況．1.先行詞是these,those指人時，關(guān)系代詞只用who.Thosewhoareplayingovertherearemystudents.2.先行詞是人稱代詞(he,she…)時，關(guān)系代詞只用who.Hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.3.不定代詞someone,anyone,everyone,noone,somebody,anybody,everybody作先行詞時，關(guān)系代詞用who.Anybodywhobreakstheruleswouldbepunished.4.①先行詞是theonlyoneof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，在定語從句中作主語時，定語從句中的謂語用單數(shù)形式（因?yàn)榇藭r的先行詞是theonlyone,而不是of后的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)）．Heistheonlyoneoftheboysthatlikesplayingthepiano.Thisistheonlyoneofthebooksthatisborrowed.②先行詞是oneof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，在定語從句中作主語時，定語從句中的謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式（因?yàn)榇藭r的先行詞是of后的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),而不是one）．Thisisoneofthestudentswhoarelate.5.當(dāng)主句缺先行詞時，用theone代替，但須注意：theone只能代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)．如為不可數(shù)名詞時，指什么用什么．IsthisschooltheoneIvisitedyesterday?Ispopmusicthemusichelikesbest?6.當(dāng)先行詞是theway,在定語從句中充當(dāng)方式狀語時（theway表＂以…方式／方法＂），引導(dǎo)詞通常用that或省略，也可用inwhich．Idon’tliketheway(that)youspeak.=Idon’tlikethewayinwhichyouspeak.=Idon’tliketheway(which/that)youspeakin.【“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”十種情況】在定語從句中，介詞+關(guān)系代詞結(jié)構(gòu)是一種較為復(fù)雜的問題?，F(xiàn)就幾種常見的介詞+關(guān)系代詞的結(jié)構(gòu)淺析如下：1．介詞+which在定語從句中分別作時間、地點(diǎn)和原因狀語，代替相應(yīng)的關(guān)系副詞when,where和why。如：Istillrememberthedayonwhich(when)Ifirstcametoschool.我仍然記得初來學(xué)校的那一天。Thefactoryinwhich(=where)Iworkisalargeone.我工作的工廠是一個大工廠。Thisisthereasonforwhich(=why)hewaslate.這就是他為什么遲到的原因。2．介詞+which（指物）/whom（指人）在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，表示存在關(guān)系，定語從句主謂一般要倒置。Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofwhichsatasmallboy.他來到一處農(nóng)舍，前邊坐著一個小男孩。Isawaman,ontheheadofwhomstoodabird.我看見一個人，他的頭上站著一只鳥。3．介詞+which（指物）/whom（指人）在定語從句中作目的、方式或地點(diǎn)狀語。這種結(jié)構(gòu)中的介詞一般受動詞或介詞后的名詞所制約。如：Couldyoutellmeforwhomyou’veboughtthiscoat?你能告訴我這件衣服是給誰買的嗎？Theman,fromwhomIlearnedthenews,isanengineer.這人是一位工程師，我是從他那里得到這消息的。4．介詞+which/whom，用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)的定語從句中，作狀語，說明動作的出發(fā)者。如：Thewolfbywhichthesheepwaskilledwasshot.傷害羊的那只狼被打死了。Themanbywhomthewolfwasshotwasagoodhunter.打死狼的那人是個好獵手。5．不定代詞+of+which/whom，在定語從句中作主語，說明整體中的部分，常用的不定代詞有：both,all,any,some,each,none,most等。如：Therearealotofbookshere,noneofwhichbelongstome.這兒有許多書，可一本也不屬于我。YesterdayMaryboughtafewclothes,allofwhichwereexpensive.昨天瑪麗買了一些衣服，他們都很貴。6．?dāng)?shù)詞+of+which/whom，在定語從句中作主語，說明整體與部分的關(guān)系。數(shù)詞可以是基數(shù)詞、序數(shù)詞、分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)。如：Inourclasstherearefifty-fourstudents,twenty-fiveofwhomaregirls.我們班有54名學(xué)生，25人是女生。Twowatcheswerestolen,oneofwhichwasmine.兩只手表被偷了，其中一只是我的。7．名詞+of+which代替whose+名詞，在定語從句中作定語。如：Isawsometrees,theleavesofwhich(=whoseleaves)wereblackwithdisease.我看見一些樹，他們的葉子因害病而發(fā)黑。Iliveinahouse,thewindowsofwhichareallbroken.我住在一所房子里，其窗都破了。8．介詞+which（指物）/whose（指人）修飾后邊的名詞。如：Itrainedallnightandallday,duringwhichtimetheshipwasbrokenintopieces.雨下了一天一夜，就在這期間輪船撞碎了。Thedriverwasthemanfromwhoseroomshehadstolenthemaps.司機(jī)就是那個人，她從他的房間偷走地圖。9．形容詞最高級+of+which/whom結(jié)構(gòu)，在定語從句中，作定語，表部分關(guān)系。如：Chinahasthousandsofislands,thelargestofwhichisTaiwan.中國有成千上萬個島嶼，其中最大的是臺灣島。Inourclasstherearetwe