職稱英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試試題、答案及題解綜合類A級(jí)試題

2004年職稱英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試試題、答案及題解綜合類（A級(jí)）試題

第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)（第1?15題，每題1分，共15分）

下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)畫有底橫線，請(qǐng)從每個(gè)句子后面所

給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與畫線部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。請(qǐng)將答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的

位置上。

1Maryhasblendedtheingredients.

AmixedBmade

CcookedDeaten

2Theyagreedtomodifytheirpolicy.

AclarifyBchange

CdefineDdevelop

3TheeconomycontinuedtoexhibitsignsofdeclineinSeptember.

AplayBsend

CshowDtell

4Anotablyshortman,heplaysbasketballwithhisstaffseveraltimesaweek.

ApracticallyBconsiderably

CremarkablyDcompletely

5Thedentisthasdecidedtoextractherbadtooth.

AtakeoutBrepair

CpushinDdig

6Itisabsurdtopredictthatthesunwillnotrisetomorrow.

AridiculousBfunny

CoddDfoolish

7Alotofpeoplecouldfallillafterdrinkingcontaminatedwater.

AmuddiedBpolluted

CmixedDtroubled

8Theroomisdimandquiet.

AtinyBpleasant

CdarkDagreeable

9Theindexisthegovernment'schiefgaugeoffutureeconomicactivity

AmeasureBopinion

CevaluationDdecision

10It'sprudenttostartanyexerciseprogramgraduallyatfirst.

AworkableBsensible

CpossibleDfeasible

11Heisrenownedforhisskill.

Aremembered

Cpraised

Brecommended

Dwell-known

12Youhavetobepatientifyouwanttosustainyourposition.

AmaintainBestablish

CacquireDsupport

13Shestoodthere,tremblingwithfear.

AjumpingBcrying

CswayingDshaking

14Medicalfacilitiesarebeingupgraded.

ArenewedBrepaired

CimprovedDincreased

15Marylookedpaleandweary.

AgloomyBugly

CsillyDexhausted

第2部分：閱瀆判斷（第16?22題，每題1分，共7分）

閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出了7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷。

如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上把A涂黑；如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)?jiān)?/p>

答題卡上把B涂黑：如果該旬的信息文章中沒有提及，請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上把C涂黑。

WinnersandLosers

WhyarethebiggestwinnersinthepastdecadeoftradeglobalizationmostlyinSouthand

EastAsia,whereasthebiggestlosersaremostlyinthe.formerSovietbloc（集團(tuán)）and

sub一SaharanAfrica?Historyisapartialguide：EastAsiahasalongtradingtradition,lately

reinvigorated（給以新的活力）bytheChineseadoptionofmarketeconomics.TheSovietUnion,

ontheotherhand,wasshelteredfromfree-marketforcesformorethan70years.InAfrica,

somecountriesaredisadvantagedbecauseofinadequateinfrastructure（基石出結(jié)構(gòu)）；manycountries

havelittletotradebutcommodities,thepricesofwhichhavefalleninrecentyears.

Insomeregions,certaincountrieshavesufferedbyadoptingmisguidedpolicies,often

underpressurefromInternationalMonetaryFund.FirstamongtheseisRussia,whichinthe

early1990striedtoembracecapitalismbeforefirstbuildingtheinstitutionsthatmake

capitalismwork,suchasanindependentbanksystem,asystemofbusinesslaw,andalladequate

methodforcollectingtaxes.EncouragedbytheIMFtheWorldBankandtheU.S.Departmentof

theTreasury,PresidentBorisYeltsin'sregimeprivatizedthestate,ownedindustrialsector,

creatingaclassofoligarchs（寡頭政治集團(tuán)成員），who,knowinghowunstableconditionswereat

home,senttheirmoneyabroadinsteadofinvestingitathome.

Incontrast,China,thebiggestwinnerfromglobalization,didnotfollowtheIMFformula.

OftheformerstatesoftheSovietbloc,onlyafew,notablyPolandandHungary,managedto

grow,whichtheydidbyignoringIMFadviceandadoptingexpansionaryplans,including

spendingmorethantheycollectedintaxes.BotswanaandUgandaarealsoSuccessstories：

despitetheirdisadvantages,theircountriesachievedvigorousgrowthbycreatingstablecivil

societies,liberalizingtradeandimplementingreformsthatrancountertoIMFprescriptions.

16Japanhasalongtradingtradition.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

17RussiawaswronglyguidedbytheIMF.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

18AllAfricancountriesfollowedtheIMFformula.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

19TheSovietUnionwasacapitalistcountry.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

20Australiaisoneofthebiggestwinnersfromglobalization.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

21ChinadidnottakeIMFadvice.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

22ManyhighofficialsinRussiahavemuchbenefitedfromprivatization.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子（第23?30題，每題1分，共8分）

閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：（1）第23?26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第限5段每段選

擇1個(gè)正確的小標(biāo)題；（2）第27~30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇4個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)，分別完成每個(gè)句子。請(qǐng)將

答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。

StanfordUniversity

1StanfordUniversity,famousasoneofnorthernCalifornia'sseveralinstitutionsofhigher

learning,issometimescalled“theHarvardoftheWest."TheclosenessofStanfordtoSan

Francisco,acitythirty-twomilestothenorth,givestheuniversityadecidedlycosmopolitan

（世界性的）flavor.

2ThestudentsareenrolledmainlyfromthewesternUnitedStates.Butmostofthefiftystates

sendstudentstoStanford,andmanyforeignstudentsstudyhere,aswell.Andstandardsfor

admissionremainhigh.Youngmenandwomenareselectedtoentertheuniversityfromthe

upperfifteenpercentoftheirhighschoolclasses.

3Notonlybecauseofmehighcaliber（素質(zhì)）ofitsstudentsbutalsobecauseofthedesirable

locationandclimate,Stanfordhasattractedtoitsfacultysomeoftheworld'smostrespected

scholars.TheuniversitystaffhasincludedmanyNobelprizewinnerssuchasDr.FelixBloch,

Dr.RobertHofstadter,andDr.WilliamShockleyinphysics.Dr.AuthorKornbergandDr.Joshua

Lederberginmedicine,andDr.PaulJ.FloryandDr.LinusPaulinginchemistry.TheRussian

novelistAleksandrSolzhenistsynhasbeeninresidence.Stanford'Sundergraduateschoolof

engineeringanditsgraduateschoolsofbusiness,law,andmedicineareespeciallywe11-regarded.

4Whatisstudentlifelikeon“TheFarm"?Culturally,thecampusisamagnetforboth

studentsandcitizensofnearbycommunities.Plays,concerts,andoperasareperformedinthe

university'sseveralauditoriumsandinitsoutdoortheater,wheregraduationsarealso

held.Severalfilmseriesarepresentedduringtheschoolyear.Guestlecturersfrompublic

andacademic1ifefrequentlyappearoncampus.Intheevenings,manystudentsgathertosocialize

intheStudentUnion'scoffeehouse；herethebeverages（飲料）andtheatmospherebothhavea

decidedlyEuropeanflavor.Forthesports-minded,theStanfordcampusoffershighlydeveloped

athleticfacilities.Teamspots,swimming,andtrackandfieldactivityareallverymuchpart

oftheStanfordpicture.Soarebicyclingandjogging.

5Inadditiontofinancialsupportfromalumni（校友），Stanfordreceivesgrantsfromthe

governmentandfromprivatephilanthropic（慈善的）foundations。Inrecentyears,government

grantshavemadepossibleadvancedstudiesinthefieldsofhistory,psychology,education,

andatomicenergy.AtpresentStanfordiscarryingoutanambitiousbuildingprogram,financed

inpartbyllleFordFoundation's25milliongrant.Recentlyaddedtothecampusareanewphysics

buiIding,newschoolofbusiness,newgraduateschooloflaw,newstudentunion,andundergraduate

library.

23Paragraph2

24Paragraph3

25Paragraph4

26Paragraph5

AColorfulLifeonCampus

BIntelligentStudentBody

CSchoolAdministration

DDistinguishedFaculty

ESubstantialFinancialSupport

FTheHarvardoftheWest

27ThosehighschoolgraduateswhocanenterStanfordUniversity

28Manyprofessorsliketoteachinthisuniversitypartlybecausehere

29Onthefacultyoftheuniversitythereare

30Financialsupportfrombothprivateorganizationsandthegovernmenthasmade

possible_______________

Atheycanfindthebeststudents

Btheuniversity'sacademicadvancementandphysicalextension

Csomeofthemostdistinguishedscholars

Dwhereasportsmeetisheldeveryyear

Emusthavebeenthetopstudenfsintheirclasses

Fmustbehardworking

第4部分：閱讀理解（第3廣45題，每題3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每道題后面有4個(gè)選項(xiàng)。請(qǐng)根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容，從每題所給的4

個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案，涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。

TechnologyTransferinGermany

WhenitcomestotranslatingbasicresearchintoindustrialSuccess,fewnationscanmatch

Germany.Sincethe1940s,thenation'svastindustrialbasehasbeenfedwithaconstantstream

ofnewideasandexpertisefromscience.AndthoughGermanprosperity（繁榮）hasfaltered（衰

iB）overthepastdecadebecauseofthehugecostofunifyingeastandwestaswellastheglobal

economicdecline,itstillhasanenviablerecordforturningideasintoprofit.

Muchofthereasonfor也atsuccessistheFraunhoferSociety,anetworkofresearch

institutestllatexistssolelytosolveindustrialproblemsandcreatesought-after

technologies.ButtodaytheFraunhoferinstituteshavecompetition.Universitiesaretaking

aneverlargerroleintechnologytransfer,andtechnologyparksarespringingupal1over.These

effortsarebeingcomplementedbythefederalprogrammesforpumpingmoneyintostart-up

companies.

Suchastrategymaysoundlikearecipeforeconomicsuccess,butitisnotwithoutits

critics.Thesepeopleworrythatfavouringappliedresearchwillmeanneglectingbasicscience,

eventuallystarvingindustryoffreshideas.Ifeveryscientiststartsthinkinglikean

entrepreneur（企業(yè)家）,theargumentgoes,thenthetraditionalprinciplesofuniversityresearch

beingcuriosity,driven,freeandwidelyavailablewillSuffer.Othersclaimthatmanyofthe

programmestopromotetechnologytransferareawasteofmoneybecausehalfthesmallbusinesses

thatarepromotedareboundtogobankruptwithinafewyears.

Whilethisdebatecontinues,newideasflowatasteadyratefromGermany'sresearch

networks,whichbearfamousnamessuchasHelmholtz,MaxPlanckandLeibniz.Yetitisthe

fourthnetwork,theFraunhoferSociety,thatplaysthegreatestroleintechnologytransfer.

Foundedin1949,theFraunhoferSocietyisnowEurope,slargestorganisationforapplied

technology,andhas59institutesemploying12,000people.Itcontinuestogrow.Lastyear,

itswalloweduptheHeinrichHertzInstituteforCommunicationTechnologyinBerlin.Today,

thereareevenFraunhofersintheUSandAsia.

31WhatfactorcanbeattributedtoGermanprosperity?

ATechnologytransfer.

BGoodmanagement.

CHardwork.

DFiercecompetition.

32WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueoftraditionaluniversityresearch?

AItisfree.

BItisprofit-driven.

CItiswidelyavailable.

DItiscuriosity-driven.

33TheFraunhoferSocietyisthelargestorganisationforappliedtechnologyin

AAsia.

BUSA.

CEurope.

DAfrica.

34When,wastheFraunhoferSocietyfounded?

AIn1940.

BLastyear.

CAftertheunification.

DIn1949.

35Theword“expertise"inline3couldbebestreplacedby

A"experts”.

B"scientists”.

C"scholars”.

D"specialknowledge”.

第AA,一―-篇

StarQuality

Anewanti-cheatingsystemforcountingthejudges'scoresiniceskatingisflawed,

accordingtoleadingsportsspecialists.Iceskating'sgoverningbodyannouncedthenewrules

lastweekafterconcernsthatajudgeattheWinterOlympicsmayhavebeenunfairlyinfluenced.

Initiallythejudgesinthepairsfigure—skatingeventattheWinterOlympicsinSaltLake

Cityvoted5to4togivethegoldmedaltoaRussianpair,eventhoughtheyhadafallduring

theirroutine.ButtheInternationalSkatingUnionsuspendedtheFrenchjudgeforfailingto

revealthatshehadbeenputunderpressuretoVotefortheRussians.TheInternationalOlympics

CommitteethendecidedtogiveasecondgoldtotheCanadianrunners-up（亞軍）.

TheISU,skating'sgoverningbody,nowsaysitintendstochangetherules.Infuture14

judgeswilljudgeeachevent,butonly7oftheirscores-selectedatrandom-willcount,

TheISUwon'tfinallyapprovethenewsystemuntilitmeetsinJunebutalreadyUKSport,

theBritishGovernment'ssportsbody,hasexpressedreservations."Iremaintobeconvincedthat

therandomselectionsystemwouldoffertheguaranteesthateveryoneconcernedwithethical

sportislookingfor'',saysJerryBingham,UKSport'sheadofethics（倫理）.

Arandomsystemcanstillbemanipulated,saysMarkDixon,aspecialistonsportsstatistics

fromtheRoyalStatisticalSocietyinLondon."Thescoreofoneortwojudgeswhohavebeen

nobbled（受到賄賂）maystillbeinthesevenselected.,,

Manyothersportsthathavejudges,includingdiving,gymnastics,andsynchronized

swimming,haveasystemthatdiscardsthehighestandlowestscores.Ifajudgewasunder

pressuretofavouraparticularteam,theywouldtendtogiveitveryhighscoresandmarkdown

theoppositionteam,sotheirscoreswouldn,tcount.Itworksfordiving,saysJeffCook,amember

oftheinternationalgovernmentbody'stechnicalcommittee."Ifyouremovethoseatthetopand

bottomyou'releftwiththoseinthemiddle,SOyou'regettingareasonableaverage.''

Sincethe2000OlympicsinSydney,divinghastightenedupinitssystemstillfurther.Two

separatepanelsofjudgesscoredifferentroundsofdivingduringtopcompetitions.Neither

panelknowsthescoresgivenbytheother.''Wehavedonethistoheadoffanysuggestionof

bias,“saysCook.

BinghamurgedtheISUtoconsiderotheroptions."Tmsshouldinvolveexaminingtheway

inwhichothersportsdealwiththeproblemofadjudicating（裁定）onmatterofstyleand

presentation,“hesays.

36Whowonthegoldmedalinthepairsfigure-skatingevent?

ATheRussianpair.

BTheCanadianpair.

CBoththeRussianpairandtheCanadianpair.

DTheFrenchpair.

37AccordingtothenewrulesproposedbytheISU,whichofthefollowingisright?

AThenumberofjudgeswillbedoubled.

BOnlyhalfofthejudgeswillscore.

COnlysomeselectedjudgeswillscore.

DOnlyhalfofthescoreswillcount.

38WhatdoesJerryBinghamexpressbysaying“Iremaintobeconvinced”?

AHisanger.

BHiscriticism.

CHisagreement.

DHisdoubt.

39TheattitudeofthoseconcernedintheUKtothenewrulesproposedbyISUCanbebestdescribed

as

Aindifferent.

Breserved.

Centhusiastic.

Dpositive.

40WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofthescoringsystemfordiving?

AItismorebiased.

BItismorereasonable.

CItisfairer.

DItistighter.

第三篇

EatMore,WeighLess,LiveLonger

Clevergeneticdetectiveworkmayhavefoundoutthereasonwhyanear。starvationdiet

prolongsthelifeofmanyanimals.'

RonaldKahnatHarvardMedicalSchoolinBoston,US,andhiscolleagueshavebeenable

toextendthelifespan（壽命）ofmiceby18percentbyblockingtherodent's（嚙齒動(dòng)物）

increaseoffatinspecificcells.Thissuggeststhatthinness-andhotnecessarily

diet--promoteslonglifein“calerie（熱量卡）restricted^^animals.

“It'sverycoolwork,“saysagingresearcherCynthiaKenyonoftheUniversityofCalifornia,

SanFrancisco."Thesemiceeatalltheywant,loseweightandlivelonger.It,slikeheaven.”

Calorierestrictiondramaticallyextendsthelifespanoforganismsasdifferentasworms

androdents.Whetherthisworksinhumansisstillunknown,partlybecausefewpeoplearewilling

tosubmittosuchastrictdiet.

Butmanyresearchershopetheywillbeabletotriggerthesameeffectwithadrugonce

theyunderstandhowlessfoodleadstoalongerlife.Onetheoryisthateatinglessreduces

theincreaseofharmfulthingsthatcandamagecells.ButKahn'steamwonderedwhetherthe

animalssimplybenefitbybecomingthin.

Tofindoutotheyusedbiologytrickstodisrupttheinsulin（胰島素）receptor（受體）genein

labmice__butonlyintheirfatcells."Sinceinsulinisneededtohelpfatcellsstorefat,

theseanimalswereprotectedagainstbecomingfat,“explainsKahn.

Thisslightgeneticchangeinasingletissuehaddramaticeffects.Bythreemonthsofage,

Kahn,smodifiedmicehadupto70percentlessbodyfatthannormalcontrolmice,despite

thefactthattheyate55percentmorefoodpergramofbodyweight.

Inaddition,theirlifespanincreased.Theaveragecontrolmouselived753days,whilethe

thinrodentsaveragedalifespanof887days.Afterthreeyears,allthecontrolmicehaddied,

butone-一quarterofthemodifiedrodentswerestillalive.

“Thattheygettheseeffectsbyjustmanipulatingtilefatcellsiscontroversial,“says

LeonardGuarenteoftheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,whostudiescalorierestriction

andaging.

.ButGuarentesaysKahnhasyettoprovethatthesameeffectisresponsibleforincreased

lifespanincalorie,restrictedanimals."Itmightbethesameeffectortheremightbetwo

routestolonglife,“hepointsout,“andthatwouldbeveryinteresting.”

41RonaldKahnandhiscolleaguescanmakemicelivelongerby

Aofferingthemlessfood.

Bgivingthemabalanceddiet.

Cdisruptingthespecificgenesintheirfatcells.

Dpreventingthemgrowinglarger

42Accordingtotilepassage,wedOnotknowwhetherhumanswillbenefitfromtakinginfewer

caloriespartlybecause

Ahumans,wormsandrodentsaredifferent.

Bmostpeoplearenotwillingtobeputonastrictdiet.

Ctheeffectisnotknown.

Dgeneticchangesintissuescannotbeperformedonhumans

43Whatdoesthelastsentenceinthethirdparagraphimply?

APeopleliketoloseweight,buttheydonotliketoeatless.

BPeoplewanttogotoheaven,buttheydonotwanttodie.

CMicewillgotoheaveniftheyloseweight.

DMiceenjoylosingweight.

44Theaveragemodifiedmouselived

A3years.

B753days.

CMorethan3years.

D887days.

45WhatCanbeinferredfromthepassageabouttheroutetOlonglife?

AItremainstobestudied.

BIthasalreadybeendiscovered.

CEatingmoreleadstolonglife.

DEatinglessleadstolonglife.

第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文（第46?50題，每題2分，共10分）

閱讀下面的短文，文章中有5處空白，文章后面有6組文字，請(qǐng)根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇

5組文字，將其分別放回文章原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。請(qǐng)將答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位

置上。

WhyWouldTheyFalselyConfess?

Whyonearthwouldaninnocentpersonfalselyconfesstocommittingacrime?Tomost

people,itjustdoesn'tseemlogical.Butitislogical,sayexpels,ifyouunderstandwhatCall

happeninapoliceinterrogation（rffTR）room.

Undertilerightconditions,people'smindsaresusceptible（易受影響的）toinfluence,and

thepressureputonsuspectsduringpolicegrillings（盤問）isenormous.（46）“The

pressureisimportanttounderstand,becauseotherwiseifsimpossibletounderstandwhy

someonewouldsayhedidsomethinghedidn,tdo.Theansweris：toputanendtoan

uncomfortablesituationthatwillcontinueuntilhedoesconfess.''

DevelopmentalpsychologistAllisonRedlichrecentlyconductedalaboratory

determinehowlikelypeoplearetoconfesstothingstheydidn'tdo.

studyto(47)Theresearchersthenintentionallycrashedthecomputersandaccusedthe

participantsofhittingthe''alt''keytoseeiftheywouldsignastatementfalselytaking

responsibility.

Redlich'sfindingsclearlydemonstratehoweasyitcanbetogetpeopletofalselyconfess：

59percentoftheyoungadultsintheexperimentimmediatelyconfessed(48)Of

the15-to16-year-olds,72percentsignedconfessions,asdid78percentofthe12-to

13-year-olds.

“There'snoquestionthatyoungpeoplearemoreatrisk,“saysSaulKassin,ProfessoratWilliams

College,whohasdonesimilarstudieswithsimilarresults.(49)

apsychology

BothKassinandRedlichnotethattheentire''interrogation”intheirexperimentsconsisted

ofasimpleaccusation--nothoursofaggressivequestioning-andstill,mostparticipants

falselyconfessed.

Becauseofthestressofapoliceinterrogation,theyconclude,suspectscanbecome

convincedthatfalselyconfessingistheeasiestwayoutofabadsituation.(50)

ATnherexperiment,participantswereseatedatcomputersandtoldnottohitthe"alt''key,

becausedoingSOwouldcrashthesystems.

B“Insomeways,“saysKassin,“falseconfessionbecomesarationaldecision.''

C"It'salittlelikesomebody'sworkingonthemwithadental(牙齒的)drill,“saysFranklin

Zimring,alawprofessorattheUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeley.

D"Butadultsarehighlyvulnerabletoo.''

EHowcouldaninnocentpersonadmittodoingsomethinghedidn'tdo?

FRedlichalsofoundthattheyoungertheparticipant,themorelikelyafalseconfession.

第6部分：完形填空(第5飛5題，每題1分，共15分)

閱讀下面的短文，文中有15處空白，每處空白給出了4個(gè)選項(xiàng)，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1

個(gè)最佳答案，涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。

LessIsMore

Itsoundsallwrong-drillingholesinapieceofwoodtomakeitmoreresistantto

knocks.Butitworksbecausetheenergyfromtheblowgetsdistributedthroughoutthewoodrather

thanfocusingononeweakspot.Thediscoveryshouldleadtomoreeffectiveandlighterpackaging

materials.

Carpentershaveknown(51)centuriesthatsomewoodsaretougherthanothers.

Hickory(山核桃木)，forexample,wasturnedintoaxehandlesandcartwheelspokes(輪輻)

becauseitCanabsorbshockswithoutbreaking.Whiteoak,forexample,ismuchmoreeasily

damaged,(52)itisalmostasdense.JulianVincentatBatheUniversityandhisteam

wereconvincedthewood'sinternalstructurecouldexplainthedifferences.

Manytreeshavetubular(管的)vesselsthatrun(53)thetrunkandcarrywatertothe

leaves.Inoaktheyarelarge,andarrangedinnarrowbands,butinhickorytheyaresmaller,

andmoreevenlydistributed.Theresearchers(54)thislayoutmightdistributeablow's

energythroughoutthewood,soakingupabiggerhit.Totesttheidea,theydrilledholes0.65

millimetresacrossintoablockofspruce(云杉)，awoodwith(55)vessels,andfound

that(56)withstoodaharderknock.(57)whenthereweremorethanabout30

holespersquarecentimetredidthewood'sperformancedropoff.

Auniformsubstancedoesn'tcopewellwithknocksbecauseonlyasmallproportionofthe

materialisactually(58).Alltheenergyfromtheblowgoestowardsbreakingthe

materialinoneortwoplaces,butoftenthepiecesleft(59)arepristine(未經(jīng)破壞的).

Butinsteadoftheenergybeingconcentratedinoneplace,theholesprovidemanyweak

spotsthatallabsorbenergyastheybreak,saysVincent."Youarecontrollingtheplaces

(60)thewoodbreaks,anditcanthenabsorbmore(61),moresafely.”

Theresearchersbelievetheprinciplecouldbeappliedtoanymaterial-(62)

example,tomanufacturelighterandmoreprotectivepackaging.Itcould(63)beused

inCarbumpers,crashbarriersandarmourformilitaryvehicles,saysUlrikeWegst,(64)the

MaxPlankInstituteforMentalResearchinStuttgart.Butsheemphasizesthatyou

(65)todesignthesubstancewiththedirectionofforceinmind."Thedirectionof

loadingiscrucial,“shesays.

51AinBsinceCforDat

52AorBalthoughCandDdespite

53AdownBovercupDinto

54AknewBconcludedcsawDthought

55AnoBperceachDevery

56AitBtheideactheyDspruce

57AifBJustcOnlyDRarely

58AeffectedBbeatencslappedDaffected

59AbehindBbeyondcforDin

60AwhichBtherecthatDwhere

61AwaterBaircenergyDsafety

62AamongBincasDfor

63AalsoBbesidescelseDyet

64AoverBatcaroundDon

65AhaveBmust.cshouldDhad

滿分100分,其中：

1—15每題1分

16—30每題1分

31一45每題3分

46—50每題2分

51—65每題1分。

2004年職稱英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試綜合類（A級(jí)）答案

1.A2.B3.C4.C5.A

6.