中考八種時(shí)態(tài)歸納復(fù)習(xí)

TensesⅠ.初中英語八種時(shí)態(tài)歸納復(fù)習(xí)一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)二、一般過去時(shí)三、一般將來時(shí)四、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)五、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)六、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)八、過去將來時(shí)

七、過去完成時(shí)tocleantheroom1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：2.一般過去時(shí)：3.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：4.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：5.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：6.過去完成時(shí)：7.一般將來時(shí)：8.過去將來時(shí)：We_____theroomeveryday.We_______theroomjustnow.We___________theroomnow.We___________theroomat5:00Yesterdayafternoon.We___________theroomalready.We___________theroombeforehearrived.We_______theroomtomorrow.Hesaidhe__________theroomnext.

cleancleaned

arecleaning

werecleaning

havecleaned

hadcleaned

willclean

wouldclean

概念：經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。

Back時(shí)間狀語：always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month…),onceaweek,onSundays,etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①be動(dòng)詞；②行為動(dòng)詞1.Theboyusually______(play)footballafterschool.2.There_____(be)manypeopleintheworld.3.Thesun_____(rise)intheeastand____(set)inthewest.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞，則在其前加don‘t,如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesn’t，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。一般疑問句：①把be動(dòng)詞放于句首；②用助動(dòng)詞do提問，如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does，同時(shí)，還原行為動(dòng)詞。1.Hedoeshishomeworkeveryday.(改為否定句）

He_____________hishomeworkeveryday.2.Mr.Smithhasameetingeveryweek.(改為否定）

Mr.Smith_____________ameetingeveryweek.doesn’tdodoesn’thaveIoftengoshoppingonSundays._____youoften_____shoppingonSundays?Tomalwayshasashowerinthemorning._____Tomalways____ashowerinthemorning?DogoDoeshave

知識(shí)擴(kuò)展：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來1）下列動(dòng)詞：come,go,arrive,leave,start,begin,return的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。這主要用來表示在時(shí)間上已確定或安排好的事情。

Thetrainleavesatsixtomorrowmorning.Whendoesthebusstar?Itstarsintenminutes.2）倒裝句，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，如：

Herecomesthebus.=Thebusiscoming.Theregoesthebell.=Thebellisringing.3）在時(shí)間或條件句中。

WhenBillcomes(不是willcome),askhimtowaitforme.I'llwritetoyouassoonasIarrivethere.4）在動(dòng)詞hope,takecarethat,makesurethat等后。

Ihopetheyhaveanicetimenextweek.Makesurethatthewindowsareclosedbeforeyouleavetheroom1.Theyusuallyhavelunchatfactory.Theyusuallyhavelunchatfactory____________?

2.Theboyhardlyknowsanythingaboutit.Theboyhardlyknowsanythingaboutit,__________?don’ttheydoeshe反義疑問句：肯定的陳述句+否定的疑問句；否定的陳述句+肯定的疑問句。特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句的語序。1.Heweighs70kilograms.Howmuchdoesheweigh?2.Wehaveaclassmeetingonceaweek.Howoftendoyouhaveaclassmeeting?概念：過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。時(shí)間狀語：ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek(year,night,month…),in1989,justnow,attheageof5,oneday,longlongago,onceuponatime,etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①be動(dòng)詞；②行為動(dòng)詞Back否定形式：①was/were+not;②在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn't，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。一般疑問句：①was或were放于句首；②用助動(dòng)詞do的過去式did提問，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。一般過去時(shí)用在條件句中表示與現(xiàn)在或?qū)硎聦?shí)不符的虛擬語氣。

IfIwereabird,IwouldflytoBeijing.

Ifhewereherenow,wecouldturntohimforhelp.

1.I_inthatuniversitytenyearsago.（be)2.They

athomeatthattime.(be)3.She

wellwhenIlastsawher.(notlook)Back

6.

you

welllastnight?(sleep)

7.It

onacoldwintermorning.(happen)

4.Mary

atschoolyesterday.(notbe)5.Theytoldmethattherats

arealproblemaroundhere.(benot)

wasweredidn’tlookwasn’tweren’tDidsleephappened概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為。

時(shí)間狀語：now,atthemoment,thesedays,etc.或引起對(duì)方注意的詞，如：look,listening,stoptalking,等。

基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are+doing

否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.

一般疑問句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首。

Back現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

1.表示現(xiàn)在(指說話人說話時(shí))正在發(fā)生的事情。例如：

Wearewaitingforyou.

2.習(xí)慣進(jìn)行：表示長(zhǎng)期的或重復(fù)性的動(dòng)作，說話時(shí)動(dòng)作未必正在進(jìn)行。例如：

Mr.Greeniswritinganothernovel.

(說話時(shí)并未在寫，只處于寫作的狀態(tài)。)SheislearningpianounderMr.Smith.

3.表示漸變的動(dòng)詞有：get,grow,become,turn,run,go,begin等。

Theleavesareturningred.It'sgettingwarmerandwarmer.

4.與always,constantly,forever等詞連用，表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài)，往往帶有說話人的主觀色彩。

Youarealwayschangingyourmind.知識(shí)擴(kuò)展：不用進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞

1)事實(shí)狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞。如：have,belong,cost,include,contain,matter,weigh,measure,continueIhavetwobrothers.Thishousebelongstomysister.2)心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞。如：know,realize,thinksee,believe,suppose,imagine,agree,recognize,remember,want,need,forget,prefer,mean,understand,love,hateIneedyourhelp.Helovesherverymuch.3)瞬間動(dòng)詞。如：accept,receive,complete,finish,give,allow,decide,refuse.Iacceptyouradvice.4)系動(dòng)詞。如：seem,remain,lie,see,hear,smell,feel,taste,get,become,turnYouseemalittletired.Back1.Itissixo’clocknow.Jack_________newspapers.(deliver)2.Itislateatnight._______thetwinsstill_______TV?(watch)3.Don’tshout.Ourteachers________animportantmeetinginthenextroom?(have)4.A:Whereisyourmonitor?B:He__________amodelshipintheclassroom.(make)5._____you_______bettertoday?(feel)6.Springishere.It_________warmerandwarmer.(get)概念：1、表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某段時(shí)間正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動(dòng)作。時(shí)間狀語：

atthattime,thistimeyesterday,ateighto’clocklastnight,fromMaytoOctoberlastyear等?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+doing否定形式：was/were+not+doing.一般疑問句：把was或were放于句首。

Back過去進(jìn)行時(shí)2、表示過去的一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)候，另一個(gè)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。以when引導(dǎo)的謂語動(dòng)詞是一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語等。1.--_____he_____

TVthistimeyesterday?--No,he______.(watch)

2.They_______(notdo)homeworkwhenIgotback.3.WhenIcalledhim,he______(have)dinner.Back4.WhileMary_______(work)asawaitress,herfriends_______(study)atuniversity.概念：過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或某個(gè)從過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。

時(shí)間狀語：already,yet,never,ever,just,before,twicerecently,lately,inthepastfewyears,since…for…,etc.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has+done

否定形式：have/has+not+done.一般疑問句:把have或has放于句首。

Back現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1.She______(finish)doingherhomeworkyet.2.Therain_____(stop).Shallwegoonwithourfootballmatch?3.--_____you_____(wait)long?--No,justafewminutes.4.I_______(notsee)herforthreeyears.5.I_______(be)heresincelastOctober.6.Look!I_______(catch)abigfish.Back概念：在過去某一時(shí)間或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，即“過去的過去”。時(shí)間狀語：常與by,before等構(gòu)成的短語連用，也可與等引導(dǎo)的從屬句連用。

基本結(jié)構(gòu)：had+done否定形式：had+not+done一般疑問句：had放于句首Back過去完成時(shí)1.BytheendofthatyearHenry_______(collect)morethanathousandforeignstamps.

2.They_______(reach)thevillagebefore6p.m.

3._____you______(get)everythingreadybeforeyourmothercamebackyesterday?4.Whenthepolicegotthere,thethief_______(go)away.5.Hesaidshe______(work)asareportersince1995..Back概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。時(shí)間狀語：thisevening,tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,beforelong,inafewminutes,soonerorlater,thiscomingSunday,etc.

基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①am/is/are/goingto+do；②will/shall+do否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②will+not+do/shall+not+do一般疑問句：①be放于句首；②will/shall提到句首Back一般將來時(shí)決定和安排也表示自然現(xiàn)象觀點(diǎn)意識(shí)和主觀意圖shall用于第一人稱，常被will所代替。will在陳述句中用于各人稱，在征求意見時(shí)常用于第二人稱。WhichparagraphshallIreadfirst？Willyoubeathomeatseventhisevening?2)begoingto+不定式，表示將來。

a.主語的意圖，即將做某事或打算做某事。Whatareyougoingtodotomorrow?

b.計(jì)劃，安排要發(fā)生的事。Theplayisgoingtobeproducednextmonth.

c.有跡象要發(fā)生的事Lookatthedarkclouds;thereisgoingtobeastorm.3)be+不定式表將來，按計(jì)劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事。

WearetodiscussthereportnextSaturday.4)beaboutto+不定式，意為馬上做某事。

HeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.

注意：beaboutto不能與tomorrow,nextweek等表示明確將來時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語連用。

☆begoingto/will的用法之比較：

用于條件句時(shí)，begoingto表將來，will表意愿。例如：Ifyouaregoingtomakeajourney,you'dbettergetreadyforitassoonaspossible.Nowifyouwilltakeoffyourclothes,wewillfitthenewclothesonyouinfrontofthemirror.☆beto和begoingto的用法之比較：

beto表示客觀安排或受人指示而做某事。而begoingto則表示主觀的打算或計(jì)劃。例如：

Iamtoplayfootballtomorrowafternoon.(客觀安排)

I'mgoingtoplayfootballtomorrowafternoon.(主觀安排)1.We______(help)GrandmaLiwiththehousework

thiscomingSaturday.2.

What____we_____(do)

next?3._____you______(help)himwithhislessonstonight?4.There________(be)afootballmatchtomorrowafternoon.5.We_______(notplant)treesalongtheriverthisyear.6.I______(tell)himthenewsassoonashecomeshere.7.I_____(go)forapicnicifitrains.8.Theysaythatit______(be)goodweathertomorrow.Back概念：立足于過去某一時(shí)刻，從過去看將來，常用于賓語從句中。

時(shí)間狀語：thenextday(morning,year…),thefollowingday/week/month…基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①was/were/goingto+do；②would/should+do否定形式：①was/were/not+goingto+do;②would/should+not+do一般疑問句：①was或were放于句首；②would/should提到句首。

Go過去將來時(shí)

1.

Hesaidhe________(notcome)backthenextday.2.Hetoldmethathe________(notbe)ateacherwhenhegrewup.3.Theyneverknewwhat_____(happen)totheworldinahundredyears.4.Iwasn’tsureifhe_______(speak)atthemeeting.5.Hepromisedhe______(help)uswiththework.BackⅡ.幾種常見時(shí)態(tài)的相互轉(zhuǎn)換

英語中的幾種時(shí)態(tài)在一定情況下可以互相轉(zhuǎn)換，以下是幾種常見的轉(zhuǎn)換形式：

一、一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換

在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用，瞬間動(dòng)詞卻不能。但是，可用別的表達(dá)方式：①瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“一段時(shí)間+ago”的一般過去時(shí)的句型中；②瞬間動(dòng)詞可改成與之相對(duì)應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞及短語，與一段時(shí)間連用；③瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“Itis+一段時(shí)間+since+一般過去時(shí)”的句型中，表示“自從……以來有……時(shí)間”的意思，主句一般用itis來代替Ithasbeen;④瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“Sometimehaspassedsince+一般過去時(shí)”的句型中。

Go

1.TwoyearshaspassedsincehejoinedtheLeague.

BackItistwoyearssincehejoinedtheLeague.2.HehasbeenintheLeaguefortwoyears.HejoinedtheLeaguetwoyearsago.二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換

在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，at加上名詞表示“處于某種狀態(tài)”，如atwork（在工作）,atschool（上學(xué)、上課）等。此短語可與進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換。

e.g.Peterisatwork,butMikeisatplay.=Peterisworking,butMikeisplaying.三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般將來時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換

在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中g(shù)o,come,leave,start,arrive等動(dòng)詞常與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：Iamcoming,Mum!意為“我就來，媽媽！”

e.g.Thetrainisleavingsoon.=Thetrainwillleavesoon.四、“begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形”與“will(shall)+動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)的轉(zhuǎn)換

“begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形”、表示打算、計(jì)劃要做的事；將來時(shí)“will(shall)+動(dòng)詞原形”結(jié)構(gòu)在書面語中，當(dāng)主語為第一人稱時(shí)，常用助動(dòng)詞shall。在口語中，所有人稱都可以用will。

e.g.WearegoingtovisittheGreatWallnextSunday.=WeshallvisittheGreatWallnextSunday.Ⅲ.中考動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)考點(diǎn)分析

一、根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語確定時(shí)態(tài)的原則1.Hurryup!Theplay

fortenminutes.A.hasbegunB.hadbegunC.hasbeenonD.began

[析]1.C。since后接時(shí)間的起點(diǎn)，for后接時(shí)間段，主句動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，應(yīng)注意瞬間動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的使用。

二、在復(fù)合句根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)確定時(shí)態(tài)的原則2.Doyouknowif

backnextweek?Ifhe

back,pleaseletmeknow.A.hecomes;willcomeB.willhecome;comesC.hewillcome;comesD.willhecome;willcome

[析]2.C。if既可引導(dǎo)賓語從句，也可引導(dǎo)狀語從句。充當(dāng)賓語從句的連接詞時(shí)，相當(dāng)于whether，詞義是“是否”。充當(dāng)狀語從句的連接詞時(shí)，詞義是“如果”。從時(shí)態(tài)看，if引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)根據(jù)主句的時(shí)態(tài)作相應(yīng)的變化；引導(dǎo)表示將來動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的條件句時(shí)，若主句用一般將來時(shí)，則從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。

三、根據(jù)上下文已有時(shí)態(tài)信息點(diǎn)確定時(shí)態(tài)的原則3.–When

thiskindofcomputer

?--Lastyear.A.did;useB.was;usedC.is;usedD.are;used

[析]3.B。此例由下句的時(shí)間狀語推斷出一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，并且要考慮到被動(dòng)語態(tài)。四、利用上下文語意確定時(shí)態(tài)的原則4.–Hi!LinTao.Ididn’tseeyouattheparty.--Oh,I

readyforthemathsexam.A.amgettingB.wasgettingC.gotD.havegot

[析]4.B。此例由didn’t,attheparty推斷出應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。

五、時(shí)態(tài)中的“特殊”對(duì)策的原則5.TheteachertoldusyesterdaythatDecember25

ChristmasDay.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.willbe

Go[析]5.A。有些動(dòng)詞其動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)是“違背常理”的。如賓語從句表示的是一個(gè)客觀事實(shí)或客觀真理時(shí)，其時(shí)態(tài)不受主句限制而用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示。Ⅳ.中考實(shí)戰(zhàn)題練兵A)用所給詞的正確形式填空:1.MrBrownwillgofishingifit

(notrain)tomorrow.2.Ithinkhe

(be)backinaweek3.–Who

(knock)atthedoor?--Idon’tknow.Letmegoandsee.4.Billisstrictwithhimself.Henever

(leave)today’sworkfortomorrow.5.--

your