高中人教版英語選修6課件Unit4SectionⅠ-WarmingUpPrereadingReadingComprehending

Unit

4Global

warming科學(xué)家的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)再一次給人類敲響了警鐘。研究顯示,因?yàn)槿蜃兣?15年內(nèi)北極將迎來“無冰”夏季。過去幾十年來,北極夏季海冰的數(shù)量一直在穩(wěn)步減少,2019年北極夏季海冰數(shù)量僅次于歷史最低紀(jì)錄。AstudysuggeststhattheArctic“maybeessentiallyice-freeduringsummerwithin15years”.ThestudyusedstatisticalmodelstopredictthefutureamountofArcticice,whichsuggestedthattheArcticcouldbeice-freeinthesummerduringthedecadeofthe2030s—mostlikelyintheyear2034.Seaiceisfrozenoceanwaterthatmeltseachsummer,thenrefreezeseachwinter.TheamountofsummerseaiceintheArctichasbeensteadilyshrinkingoverthepastfewdecadesbecauseofglobalwarming.Itreacheditssecond-smallestlevelonrecordin2019,theNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration(NOAA)said.

Whatscientistsrefertoasthefirst“ice-free”ArcticsummeryearwilloccurwhentheArctichaslessthan1millionsquarekilometersofseaice.ThethickicesheetssurroundingCanada’sArcticislandsarelikelytoremainformuchlonger,eveninsummer.

Astheclimatechanges,theArcticiswarmingmore

thantwiceasfastastherestoftheplanet.Arcticairtemperatureswereabout3.4degreesaboveaveragein2019,andwerethesecond-warmestsincerecordsbeganin1900.

Scientistsalsosaidtheresultsofthestudyindicatethatthereisroomforimprovementinsea-icemodels—andthattheicemaydisappearevenmorequicklythancurrentmodelssuggest.“Climatemodelsmaybecollectivelyunderestimatingtherateofchange,”theauthorswriteinthestudy.詞海拾貝①walrus[?w?:lr?s]n.海象②erosion[??r???n]n.侵蝕,腐蝕③conversely[?k?nv?:sl?]adv.相反地典句欣賞1.TheamountofsummerseaiceintheArctichasbeensteadilyshrinkingoverthepastfewdecadesbecauseofglobalwarming.由于全球變暖,過去幾十年來,北極夏季海冰的數(shù)量一直在穩(wěn)步減少。2.Whatscientistsrefertoasthefirst“ice-free”ArcticsummeryearwilloccurwhentheArctichaslessthan1millionsquarekilometersofseaice.科學(xué)家所說的首個(gè)“無冰”北極夏季年將出現(xiàn)在北極海冰不足100萬平方千米的時(shí)候。3.Astheclimatechanges,theArcticiswarmingmorethantwiceasfastastherestoftheplanet.隨著氣候發(fā)生改變,北極的變暖速度是全球其他地區(qū)的兩倍多。理解誘思1.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?2.Whenwillthefirst“ice-free”Arcticsummeroccuraccordingtothescientists?答案:TheArcticmaybeessentiallyice-freeduringsummerwithin15yearsbecauseofglobalwarming.答案:ItwilloccurwhentheArctichaslessthan1millionsquarekilometersofseaice.Section

Ⅰ—Warming

Up,Pre-reading,Reading

&

Comprehending一二三四五一、詞義匹配A

B1.random

a.topayanamountofmoneyregularlyinordertoreceiveorusesth.2.subscribe b.asuddeneventthatcausesmanypeopletosuffer3.trend c.gentle,soft4.catastrophe d.happeningorchosenwithoutanydefiniteplanaim,d e.aresultofsth.thathashappened6.consequence f.ageneraldirectioninwhichasituationischangingordeveloping答案:1.d

2.a

3.f

4.b

5.c

6.e一二三四五二、猜詞拼寫1.

anamountofsth.thatcanbecountedormeasured

2.

tobelikelytohappeninaparticularway

3.

todisagreewithsomething

4.

toformallysay

5.

asetofproductsofaparticulartype

quantitytendopposestaterange一二三四五三、詞匯拓展1.consume的名詞

n.消費(fèi)者

2.tend的名詞

n.趨勢;傾向

3.random的副詞

adv.胡亂地

4.oppose的形容詞

adj.反對的;對立的

5.state的名詞

n.陳述;說明

consumertendencyrandomlyopposedstatement一二三四五四、課文理解1.

madeaccuratemeasurementsoftheamountofcarbondioxideintheatmospherefrom1957to1977.

A.DrJaniceFoster

B.CharlesKeelingC.GeorgeHambley

D.SophieArmstrong2.SomescientistslikeGeorgeHambleythinkthatthetemperatureincreasewill

.

A.causeariseofseveralmetresinthesealevelB.causethespreadofdiseasesandthedisappearanceofspeciesC.encourageagreaterrangeofanimalsD.causeseverestorms,floods,droughtsandfamines答案：B答案：C一二三四五3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.Greenhousegasesrefertosomebyproductsoftheburningoffossilfuels.B.Theglobalwarmingisarandomratherthannaturalphenomenon.C.Thetemperatureinthelastcenturyincreasedbyashighas5degrees.D.Fewergreenhousegaseswillgatherintheatmosphere.答案：A一二三四五thattowhich一二三四五carbondioxide.Thesegasestrapheatfromthesunandthereforewarmtheearth,withoutwhichtheearthwouldbeaboutthirty-threedegreesCelsius5.

(cool)thanitis.Buttheincreasedamountofcarbondioxide6.

(mean)thatmoreheatenergytendstobetrappedintheatmosphere,7.

(cause)theglobaltemperaturetogoup.

On8.

otherhand,scientistslikeGeorgeHambleybelievethatanywarmingwillbemildwithfewbadenvironmental9.

(consequence)andthatmorecarbondioxideis10.

(actual)apositivething.

coolermeanscausing

theconsequencesactually1234567812345678考點(diǎn)延伸

一般來說,在時(shí)間、條件、讓步等狀語從句中,如果該從句的主語與主句主語一致或主語是it,且從句中含有be,則可把從句的主語連同be一起省略掉。③If(Iam)givenanotherchance,Iwilldoitmuchbetter.要是再給我一次機(jī)會,我會把它做得更好。④Evenif(Iwere)invitedtotheparty,Iwouldn’tgo.即使受邀去參加聚會,我也不會去。溫馨提示被省略后的動詞可以是過去分詞(表示被動意義),也可以是動詞-ing形式(表示主動意義)。⑤Do

be

careful

when

(you

are)

crossing

the

street.過馬路時(shí)一定要小心。12345678123456781234567812345678123456781234567812345678★考點(diǎn)二

matter

vi.有關(guān)系;要緊①【高考典句】(2019北京高考)Doesthenameofthecollegeyouattendreallymatter?你讀的大學(xué)的名字真的很重要嗎?考點(diǎn)延伸閱讀下列句子,指出matter的短語及含義。②(2020天津高考)NomatterwhatcareerIwilltakeinthefuture,Iwillworkhardforthepeaceandprogressoftheworld.短語

nomatterwhat

含義

無論什么

③Tomakemattersworse,nowIhavetosharearoomwithmyyoungersister,Maggie.短語

tomakemattersworse

含義

更糟糕的是

12345678no

matter

how/what...不管……to

make

matters

worse更糟糕的是……1234567812345678123456781234567812345678★考點(diǎn)

There

is

no

doubt

that...……是毫無疑問的Thereisnodoubtthat...句型中,that引導(dǎo)同位語從句,說明doubt的內(nèi)容。①There

is

no

doubt

thatourteamwillwin.毫無疑問我們隊(duì)會贏。1234567812345678(2)閱讀下列句子,指出doubt所在句子的句式及其后從句的連接詞。⑥Idon’tdoubtthathecanfinishthetaskontime.句式

否定句

連接詞

that⑦Doyoudoubtthatshewillsucceed?句式

疑問句

連接詞

that⑧Idoubtwhether/iftheycanswimacrosstheriver.句式

肯定句

連接詞

whether/if12345678溫馨提示誤:He

has

some

doubt

if/that

he’ll

attend

the

meeting.正:He

has

some

doubt

whether

he’ll

attend

the

meeting.分析:此處doubt為名詞,且句子為肯定句,只能用whether引導(dǎo)(同位語從句),不可用if。在否定句和疑問句中,doubt(名詞)后接that引導(dǎo)的從句。當(dāng)doubt為動詞時(shí),其后可接if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。他對他是否參會有疑慮。12345678in

doubt懷疑的;不確定的without

(a)

doubt無疑地;確實(shí)地no

doubt確定地;必定地123456781234567812345678123456784.All

scientists

subscribe

to

the

view

that

the

increase

in

the

earth’s

temperature

is

due

to

the

burning

of

fossil

fuels

like

coal,natural

gas

and

oil

to

produce

energy.(Page

26)所有的科學(xué)家都支持這種觀點(diǎn):地球溫度升高是燃燒煤、天然氣和石油等化石燃料來獲取能量而引起的。剖析此句中that引導(dǎo)一個(gè)同位語從句,解釋說明view的具體內(nèi)容。后跟that引導(dǎo)同位語的名詞常見的為fact,doubt,idea,news,hope,opinion,belief,indication,decision,possibility,evidence,suggestion,question等。12345678①Themanagerputforwardasuggestionthatweshouldhaveanassistant.Thereistoomuchworktodo.經(jīng)理提議我們該招個(gè)助手。需要做的事太多了。②ThereisevidencethattheyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.證據(jù)表明,它們的活動范圍遍及整個(gè)北極,甚至向南遠(yuǎn)至加拿大的詹姆斯灣。③Theyweredelightedatthefactthathedidn’tstealthemoney.他們對他沒有偷錢這一事實(shí)感到高興。★考點(diǎn)

subscribe

to

同意;贊成④Hedidnotsubscribe

tomysuggestion.他不同意我的提議。12345678考點(diǎn)延伸閱讀下列句子,指出subscribeto的含義。

⑤Hesubscribed

tothemagazine.含義

訂購;訂閱⑥Iwasunwillingtosubscribe

tothecontract,butitseemedthatIhadnochoice.含義

簽名;簽字⑦M(jìn)anypeoplesubscribedmoneytotheeducationfund.許多人向那項(xiàng)教育基金捐了款。含義

捐贈溫馨提示表示“預(yù)訂(報(bào)紙、雜志、詞典)”時(shí),subscribe后可接介詞to,但不能直接把subscribe作及物動詞用。12345678subscribe

to

訂閱;同意,贊成;簽名,簽字subscribe

sth.

to...捐贈某物給……1234567812345678123456781234567812345678考點(diǎn)延伸閱讀下列句子,指出黑體詞的短語及含義。③(2020天津高考)Thegeniustendstogetthingsdonecreatively.短語

tendtodosth.

含義

易于做某事;往往會做某事④Momwasalwaysbusytending(to)mysistersduringthenight.短語

tend(to)sb.

含義

照料/護(hù)理某人

⑤Shehasatendencytothinkthateverythingisabouther.短語

haveatendencytodosth.

含義

傾向于做某事

12345678tend

to

do

sth.易于做某事;往往會做某事tend

(to)

sb./sth.照料/護(hù)理某人/某物have

a

tendency

to

do

sth.傾向于做某事12345678★考點(diǎn)二

go

up上升;增長①Thepricesofdailygoodshavegone

upagainrecently.日常用品的物價(jià)最近又上漲了。12345678考點(diǎn)延伸閱讀下列句子,指出go的短語及含義。②Newfactoriesaregoinguparoundourschool.短語

goup

含義

興建;建造起來

③Thismaypartlyexplainwhypeoplegoinforthesesituationseventhoughthey’redangerous.短語

goinfor

含義

喜歡

④AsIwatchedseveralpeoplegoby,getintotheircarsandgooff,Inoticedanoldmanonabicycle.短語

goby

含義

經(jīng)過

⑤Youdonothavetorush,asyouhaveayeartogothroughtheproject.短語

gothrough

含義

經(jīng)歷;做完

12345678go

up上升;上漲,增加;建造起來go

in

for從事;喜歡go

by經(jīng)過;過去,(時(shí)間等)流逝go

through

經(jīng)歷;穿過;仔細(xì)檢查;(完成法律等)被通過1234567812345678123456786that

has

resulted

in

this

increase

in

carbon

dioxide.(Page

26)……導(dǎo)致了二氧化碳的增加?！锟键c(diǎn)

result

in導(dǎo)致;造成……的結(jié)果①Thequarrelresulted

inhismotherleavingthehouse.爭吵導(dǎo)致了他母親離家出走。②Thegameresulted

inanothervictoryforourteam.比賽結(jié)果,我們隊(duì)又獲勝了。12345678考點(diǎn)延伸(1)閱讀下列句子,指出result的短語及含義。③Asaresultofwhatwesawwedecidedtochangetherules.短語

asaresultof

含義

由于;作為……的結(jié)果

④Hedidn’tworkhard,asaresult,hefailedhisexam.短語

asaresult

含義

結(jié)果

12345678(2)辨析resultfrom/resultinresultfrom意為“是……的結(jié)果;由于”,其主語表示結(jié)果,介詞from的賓語則表示原因,主語的結(jié)果是由賓語的原因引起的。resultin意指“結(jié)果是;導(dǎo)致;結(jié)果造成”,其主語表示原因,介詞in的賓語則表示結(jié)果,主語的原因?qū)е禄蛟斐闪速e語的結(jié)果。⑤Weallbelievethatsuccessresults

fromhardwork.我們都堅(jiān)信成功來自努力工作。⑥Theaccidentresulted

inthedeathoftwopassengers.這場事故造成兩名乘客死亡。1234567812345678result

from

由……造成;因……而產(chǎn)生result

in

導(dǎo)致;造成……的結(jié)果(以上為動詞短語)as

a

result

結(jié)果as

a

result

of由于,作為……的結(jié)果(以上為介詞短語)123456781234567812345678123456787.In

fact,Hambley

states...(Page

27)實(shí)際上,漢布利聲明……★考點(diǎn)

state

v.陳述;聲明②Itisstatedthatallthepeopleintheaccidentwerekilled.有人宣布事故中的所有人員都死了。①Hestatedhisproblemclearly.他把問題敘述得很清楚。

12345678考點(diǎn)延伸閱讀下列句子,指出黑體詞的詞性及含義。③Hegotintoastateofquiet.詞性

名詞

含義

狀態(tài)④In1897,thestateofMichiganpassedalawprohibitingthekillingofpassengerpigeons.詞性

名詞

含義

州⑤Weallconsiderthestatementofgreatimportance.詞性

名詞

含義

陳述,說明⑥Hisgeneralstateofhealthisfairlysatisfactory.詞性

名詞

含義

情況;狀態(tài)12345678It’s

stated

that...有人宣布說……the

state

of

mind

心態(tài)1234567812345678123456788it

will

encourage

a

greater

range

of

animals...(Page

27)……它將促進(jìn)更多動物的生長……★考點(diǎn)

range

n.種類;范圍①【高考典句】(2019全國Ⅰ高考)Whatistheagerangerequiredbytheprogram?這個(gè)項(xiàng)目要求的年齡范圍是什么?②Shehasawiderangeofinterests.她有廣泛的興趣。12345678考點(diǎn)延伸

(1)閱讀下列句子,指出range的詞性及含義。③Thenewly-builthousesrangealongthebroadroad.詞性

(不及物)動詞

含義

排列④Themountainrangeisnearly700mileslong.詞性

名詞

含義

山脈1234567812345678(2)閱讀下列句子,指出range的短語及含義。⑤Thepriceofthehouseiswelloutof/beyondourrange.短語

outof/beyondone’srange

含義

某人的能力達(dá)不到的;超過某人能力范圍的⑥Therewillbeanincreasein/withintherangeof1to3percent.短語

in/withintherangeof

含義

在……范圍內(nèi)

⑦Therewere120studentswhoseagesrangedfrom10to18.短語

rangefrom...to...

含義

從……到……之間變化12345678a

(wide)

range

of

一系列的;各種各樣的out

of/beyond

one’s

range超過某人能力范圍的;某人的能力達(dá)不到的in/within

the

range

of在……范圍內(nèi)in/within

range

在射程內(nèi)range

from...to...從……到……之間變化1234567812345678一二三一、寫作詞匯檢測根據(jù)每一組的提示詞,完成或者翻譯句子。1.state(1)It

thattheywouldcontinuetoworkthereuntilthefloodwentaway.

(2)不久后,他第一次就這件事發(fā)表了聲明。答案:(1)wasstated(2)Soonafterwards,hemadehisfirststatementaboutthisaffair.2.range(1)Thebooks

bysize.

(2)這家工廠生產(chǎn)各種各樣的零部件。答案:(1)areranged(2)Thisfactorymakesawide/wholerangeofparts.一二三3.glance(1)

overtheletter,sheburstintotears.

(2)我瞥一眼就能看出二者的區(qū)別。答案:(1)Glancing(2)I