非謂語講解課件 2024屆高考英語專題復(fù)習(xí)

非謂語

VS

謂語非謂語的形式&性質(zhì)非謂語的句法功能非謂語的解題思路那么非謂語到底難在哪里？Rule#1一個(gè)簡單句有且僅有一個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞簡單句：Legendsneverdie.方法一：HeisLihuaandhelikesLucy.并列句方法二：LeesaidthatheisgoodatEnglish.主從句方法三：LihuawantstolearnEnglishwell.非謂語謂語

learnlearnsislearningwilllearnhavebeenlearninghadlearnedtobelearnedhavinglearnedbeinglearnthavebeenlearnt......非謂語

tolearnlearninglearned時(shí)態(tài)一般進(jìn)行完成完成進(jìn)行現(xiàn)在dobe(am/is/are)bedoinghas/havedonehas/havebeendoing過去didwas/werewas/weredoinghaddonehadbeendoing將來willbe/dowillbedoingwillhavedonewillhavebeendoing過去將來wouldbe/dowouldbedoingwouldhavedonewouldhavebeendoing非謂語

VS

謂語反應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)不反應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)可以反映與謂語動(dòng)作的先后關(guān)系PPT下載/xiazai/非謂語可以反映與謂語動(dòng)作的先后關(guān)系。Tobethenumberone,youmuststudyharder.Hepretended

tobereadingwhenhismothercamein.Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hestillrepeatedthesamemistake.Haveyouseenthebuildingbuiltinthenineteenseventies?之后同時(shí)之前無需強(qiáng)調(diào)先后非謂語一般式完成式進(jìn)行式不定式todotodo+havedone=tohavedonetodo+bedoing=tobedoing被動(dòng)todo+bedone=tobedonetodo+havedone+bedone=tohavebeendone動(dòng)名詞現(xiàn)在分詞doingdoing+havedone=havingdone被動(dòng)doing+bedone=beingdonedoing+havedone+bedone=havingbeendone過去分詞donehavedonebedoingbedone非謂語

VS

謂語反應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)不反應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)可以反映與謂語動(dòng)作的先后關(guān)系充當(dāng)謂語以外的所有成分能充當(dāng)?shù)某煞种髡Z賓語表語補(bǔ)語定語狀語不定式todon.

adjadving形式動(dòng)名詞n現(xiàn)在分詞advadj過去分詞doneadvadj不定式的句法功能Tobecomeabillionaire

ismydream.Mydreamis

tobecomeamillionaire.Iwant

tobecomeamillionaire.Sheasksme

tohelpher.Heisthefirstonetocome.Tobecome

amillionaire

，Idreamedalot.主語表語賓語補(bǔ)語定語狀語Apoolforswimming.表示功能和用途。動(dòng)名詞的句法功能Travelingaroundtheworldismydream.Mydreamis

travelingaroundtheworld.Ifancywalkingintherain.Thereisaswimmingpool.主語表語賓語定語Apoolforswimming.表示功能和用途。分詞的句法功能Myjobisinteresting.Isawhim

playingbasketballwhenIwenttoschool.Doyouseetheboyswimminginthepool?Seeingfromthetopofthemountain,ifoundthecitymorebeautiful.************************************************************************Iamsoexcited.Iheardasongsung

byLucyyesterday.Themaninjuredintheaccidentismyidol.Seenfromthetopofthemountain,thecityismorebeautiful.表語補(bǔ)語定語狀語表語補(bǔ)語定語狀語能充當(dāng)?shù)某煞种髡Z賓語表語補(bǔ)語定語狀語不定式todon.

adjadving形式動(dòng)名詞n現(xiàn)在分詞advadj過去分詞doneadvadj非謂語作主語能做主語的只有：Tohaveawalkismyplanthisafternoon.Tobecheckedintheairportisaroutine.Walkingisagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.Beingpunishedbytheteacherwaswhathedeserved.不定式todotobedone動(dòng)名詞doingbeingdonetodovsdoingToteachismyjob.Teachingismyjob.TowatchTVtonightwillbeawasteofyourtime.WatchingTVfortoolongisn'tgoodforyoureyes.Myjobistoteach.Myjobisteaching.不定式

具體的，一次性的動(dòng)作。動(dòng)名詞

抽象的，習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。非謂語作主語難點(diǎn)不難---doing/beingdone做主語Beingpunishedbytheteacherwaswhathedeserved?bepunished---beingpunished被老師懲罰是他應(yīng)該的主系表結(jié)構(gòu)Translation：做學(xué)生很幸福。----做學(xué)生是幸福的。主系表結(jié)構(gòu)Beastudent--Beingastudent____________(expose)toSunlightfortoomuchwilldoharmtoone'sskin.beexposedto暴露于接觸到beingexposedtoBeingexposedto非謂語作主語重點(diǎn):不定式和動(dòng)名詞做主語時(shí)常用it做形式主語。1Itisadj.

（forsb.)todosth.2.Itis.adj

ofsbtodosomething.3.Itisan.todosth.4.Ittakessomebodysometimestodosomething.It'seasyforyoutolearnenglishwithlucy.TolearnEnglishwithLucyiseasy.It'seasytolearnenglishwithlucyforyou.Itiswiseofyoutolearnenglishwithlucy.It'sapitytomisssuchanimportantlecture.Itusuallytakesmeanhourtogofromhometowork.評(píng)價(jià)事件:hardeasypossiblenecessary...表示人的品質(zhì)：kindfoolishunwiseclever此時(shí)跟在adj.后的of不能調(diào)整事件的評(píng)價(jià)：pityshamepleasureone’sduty非謂語作主語5.Itisnouse/good/harmdoingsth.6.It'sawasteoftimedoingsth.重點(diǎn):不定式和動(dòng)名詞做主語時(shí)常用it做形式主語。Nousecryingoverspiltmilk.Itisnogoodcomplaining.Itisawasteoftimearguingwithher.非謂語作主語能充當(dāng)?shù)某煞种髡Z賓語表語補(bǔ)語定語狀語不定式todon.

adjadving形式動(dòng)名詞n現(xiàn)在分詞advadj過去分詞doneadvadj非謂語作表語主系表IamLucy.Myideaistodiscusstheproblemingroups.WhatIwouldsuggestistostartworkatonce.Myjobistocleantheteacher'soffice.Hishobbyiscollectingcoins.主語通常為aimideaplanjobsuggestion等名詞時(shí)，或者以what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句用不定式或動(dòng)名詞做表語。說明主語的具體內(nèi)容。不定式通常說明主語的職責(zé)。未來有待實(shí)現(xiàn)的行為。動(dòng)名詞則表示比較抽象的習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。不定式&動(dòng)名詞主系表IamLucy.

Mydreamistotravelaroundtheworld.=Totravelaroundtheworldismydream.Toseeistobelieve.=Seeingisbelieving.Towastetimeistowastelife.不定式&動(dòng)名詞主語和表語可以互換,但采用的形式要一致。非謂語作表語主系表IamHappy.

Thegameisexciting.Wefeltsoexcited.現(xiàn)在分詞&過去分詞通常主語為事表示令人怎么樣主語通常為人表示感到什么樣非謂語作表語*考點(diǎn)當(dāng)系動(dòng)詞為remainOurproblemremainstobesolved.Sheremainedstanding,thoughweaskedhertositdown.Thetrueauthorofthebookremainsunknown.remain做有待的時(shí)候后面加tobedone做表語remain做保持的意思后面加現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞做表語非謂語作表語練一練A

todoBtobedoneCdoingDbeingdoneEdone1.Mytaskis___________(clean）theclassroomthisafternoon.2.Thestorywas__________.Wewerealldeeply_________bythestory.(move)3.Nomatterhowbrightatalkeryouare.Therearetimeswhenitisbetter_____________(remain)silent4.Itisnogood__________(learn)EnglishwithoutspeakingEnglish.5.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldpeople.,Butitremains__________________(see)whethertheywillenjoyit.tocleanmoving

movedtoremainlearningtobeseen**___________inapoorfamily,madeJackveryhardworkingwhenhewasstillyoung.A.BringingupB.BeingbroughtupC.HavingbroughtupD.BroughtupB能充當(dāng)?shù)某煞种髡Z賓語表語補(bǔ)語定語狀語不定式todon.

adjadving形式動(dòng)名詞n現(xiàn)在分詞advadj過去分詞doneadvadj非謂語作賓語作賓語的非謂語，只有不定式和動(dòng)名詞。置于動(dòng)詞或介詞之后.1.Shelovesyou,butalwaysforgets

tosayit.2.Hedidn'twanttorisk

gettingwetashehadonlyonesuit.3.Thankyouforinvitingmetotheparty.4.Idreamedof

becomingateacherwheniwasakid.介詞后不要猶豫！直接用-ing**難點(diǎn)：todovsdoingattemptagreearrangechoosdeterminedecidedesireenableexpecthopepromiseprepareplanpretendavoidadvicesuggestadmitenjoyescapeexcusedenyfinishimaginemisspracticepostpone非謂語作賓語難點(diǎn)：

todovsdoingattemptagreearrange試圖同意安排做某事choosedeterminedecidedesire選擇決定渴望做某事enableexpecthope能夠預(yù)料希望做某事promiseprepareplanpretend許諾，準(zhǔn)備，計(jì)劃，假裝做某事Iwillattempttoanswerallyourquestions.Theyhaveagreedtogivemeanotherchance.

意圖，態(tài)度，能力非謂語作賓語難點(diǎn)：

todo

做賓語agree同意ask要求attempt試圖afford承擔(dān)得起arrange安排bother花費(fèi)時(shí)間精力choose選擇、寧愿聲稱claimdemand要求resolve決心decide決定determine決定fail未能期待expecthope希望happen碰巧hesitate猶豫、不愿意learn學(xué)習(xí)long渴望manage設(shè)法準(zhǔn)備prepareproof證明plan打算pretend假裝promise保證refuse拒絕seek試圖seam似乎想要want努力trythreaten威脅understand，承擔(dān)，答應(yīng)volunteer志愿看的傾向于tendwish希望非謂語作賓語難點(diǎn)：doing做賓語avoidadvicesuggestadmit避免建議承認(rèn)做某事。enjoyescapeexcuse喜歡逃避，原諒，做某事。denyfinishimagine否定，完成想象做某事。misspracticepostpone錯(cuò)過練習(xí)，推遲做某事。Ienjoystayinghere.Heavoided

talkingaboutthis.名詞化模糊時(shí)間非謂語作賓語難點(diǎn)：doing做賓語admit承認(rèn)allow允許avoid避免appreciate欣賞consider考慮delay耽擱deny否認(rèn)discuss討論enjoy喜歡escape逃避excuse原諒finish完成forbid禁止fancy想做forgive寬恕practice練習(xí)建議proposepermit允許postpone拖延prevent阻止imagine想象miss錯(cuò)過keep保留risk冒著...風(fēng)險(xiǎn)resist抵制involved涉及mind在意mention提及suggest建議understand理解Doyoufancygoingout？Hedidn’tmentionseeingyou.非謂語作賓語難點(diǎn)：

doing

做賓語短語ofbefondofbeproudofbeafraidofthinkof.inbebusyinbeengagedin.succeedintakeprideintolookforwardtopayattentiontodevoteoneselftobeworth值得feellike想做getdownto著手處理setabout開始做Thismovieisworthwatchingagain.Doyoufeellikeeatingouttonight?非謂語作賓語難點(diǎn)：doing

做賓語①sb.havehas/difficultytrouble/problem/ahardtime.+(in)doingsth

做某事有困難Ihadahardtimeopeningthebag②sb.can'thelp/resist/standdoingsth.忍不住做某事Ican'thelpthinkingabouther.非謂語作賓語難點(diǎn)：

todoordoing有的動(dòng)詞后面既可以跟動(dòng)名詞，也可以跟不定式likelovepreferhatebeginstartcontinue意義一致IlikewatchingTVintheevening,buttodayIprefertoreadthebook.rememberforgetregrettrymeanstopgoon意義不一致WhatapoormemoryIforgotborrowingmoneyfromhimyesterday.ButtodayIforgottoreturnthemoneytohim.這里的-ing可以是正在進(jìn)行，也可以是結(jié)束了的~~思考？

表示完成用的done~為什么這里-ing可以表示結(jié)束的動(dòng)作~因?yàn)閐one不能做賓語呀~非謂語作賓語難點(diǎn)：

todoordoingremembertodo記得去做rememberdoing記得做過regrettodo對(duì)做過的事遺憾regretdoing對(duì)要做的事情遺憾stoptodo停下來去做另一件事stopdoing停下當(dāng)前做的一件meantodo意味著meandoing打算做找出詞義錯(cuò)誤的一組對(duì)要做的事情遺憾對(duì)做過的事遺憾打算做意味著1.Onelearnsalanguagebymakingmistakesand___________(correct)them.2.Shedoesn'tfeellike___________(study)abroad.Herparentsareold.3.Biffsuggested_________(hold)ameetingonwhattodofortheShanghaiExpoduringthevacation.4.Youcan'timaginewhatdifficultywehad_________(walk)homeinthesnowstorm.5.Ican'tstand________(work)withJaneinthesameoffice.6.Hegotwell-preparedforthejobinterview.,forhecouldn'trisk_______(lose)thegoodopportunity.7.Itistheendofmytiringday,andIreallyappreciate___________(have)timetorelax.8.Ididn'tmean________(eat)anything,buttheicecreamlookedsogoodthatIcouldn'thelp_________(try)it不定式todo動(dòng)名詞doingcorretingstudingholdingwalkingwalkinglosingtohavetoeattrying難點(diǎn)：todo.doing的完成時(shí)Headmitted

havingbrokenthewindow.Headmittedbreakingthewindow.Sheseemedtohavelostinterestinfood.Wearesorryfornothavinginformedtheyouofthematter.Wearesorryfornotinformingyouofthematter.admitdoingseemtodo.強(qiáng)調(diào)過去完成某事+havedone~~當(dāng)然

綠色這句也是完全合法的！表情的角度來說，肯定要用nothavingdone~非謂語作賓語難點(diǎn)：todo.進(jìn)行時(shí)Hepretendedtobesleepingwhenhismothercamein.pretendtodo

+bedoing=pretendtobereading難點(diǎn)

：tobedoing到底表將來還是進(jìn)行？Heseemstobeworryingaboutsomething.非謂語作賓語非謂語的本質(zhì)工具不定式

todo

將來/目的動(dòng)名詞doing動(dòng)作名詞化/模糊時(shí)間現(xiàn)在分詞doing進(jìn)行/主動(dòng)過去分詞done完成/被動(dòng)能充當(dāng)?shù)某煞种髡Z賓語表語補(bǔ)語定語狀語不定式todon.

adjadving形式動(dòng)名詞n現(xiàn)在分詞advadj過去分詞doneadvadj何為補(bǔ)語？Weelectedhimcaptainofourbasketballteam.Wefindthislectureinteresting.Icanfeelmyheartbeatingfast.Theyfindthehousestolen.Iwarnedyounottowalkhomeandaloneatnight.Iwillhaveallmyfriendscomeoverthisweekend.名詞形容詞現(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞不定式非謂語作補(bǔ)語adviseallowaskbegforceinviteorderpersuadeteachtellwantwarn賓語+todosth.表示意圖態(tài)度主語非謂語作補(bǔ)語疑問點(diǎn)~~所謂的固定搭配advicedoingsth.建議做某事advisesb.todosth.建議某人做某事Schooldon'tallowsmoking.Iadvisebuyingyourticketinadvance.Thedoctorallowedhimtosmoke.Iwouldadviseyounottotellhim.是賓語是補(bǔ)語allowdoingsth.允許做某事allowsbtodosth允許某人做某事充當(dāng)?shù)某煞植煌?，沒有比較的必要~~非謂語作補(bǔ)語**難點(diǎn)感官動(dòng)詞/使役動(dòng)詞后的賓語五看

lookseewatchnoticeobserve三使

havemakelet二聽hearlisten一感覺feelIheardher________anEnglishsongjustnow.賓語+補(bǔ)語

todosth.sing非謂語作補(bǔ)語IheardhersinganEnglishsongjustnow.我剛才聽到他唱歌。IheardhersinginganenglishsongwhenIpassedby.我經(jīng)過時(shí)聽到他正在唱歌。IheardanEnglishsongbeingsungbyherwhenIpassedby.我經(jīng)過時(shí)聽到一首歌正被他唱。IheardanEnglishsongsungbyherjustnow.我剛才聽到一首歌被他唱了。不特意強(qiáng)調(diào)todo

強(qiáng)調(diào)“被動(dòng)”done強(qiáng)調(diào)“主動(dòng)加進(jìn)行”doing強(qiáng)調(diào)“被動(dòng)加進(jìn)行”beingdone非謂語作補(bǔ)語疑問點(diǎn)所謂的固定搭配catch/discoversb.doingsth.撞見/發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事prevent/stopsb.(from)doingsth.阻止某人做某事Hecaughthercheatingintheexam.Shetriedtostopherselffromcryingout.非謂語作補(bǔ)語疑問點(diǎn)所謂的固定搭配。使役動(dòng)詞have/make/let/keep/get/leaveHehadmepaintthewall.Ihadmyhair

cutyesterday.You'dbetterhaveyourcarrunningslowly.不省略toIgotlucytohelpmewithmyEnglish.Mymomgotmedoingmyhomework.WhatLucysaidleftmethinkingdeeply.這就很好理解使役了~強(qiáng)調(diào)paint動(dòng)作強(qiáng)調(diào)頭發(fā)被剪cut強(qiáng)調(diào)車慢是進(jìn)行

非謂語作補(bǔ)語1.todo2.doing3.beingdone4.done1.Theyoungwomanhadhercar______Inthemudfortwohoursbeforetherescueworkersarrived.A.trapB.trappingC.trappedD.tobetrapped.2.Wheneveri'mintrouble.Ihearavoice._______Inmyhead.”Youcandoit.”A.toringB.ringingC.rungDhavingrung3.Everytimeginacatchesheremployees_______time,Sheremindsthemthattimeismoney.A.towaste.B.wastingC.wastedD.waste句型~~Weconsidertolearnaforeignlanguagewellnecessary.當(dāng)不定式做賓語，而后面又有賓語補(bǔ)足語，時(shí)常用it做形式賓語，而不定式后置。Sb.make/consider/feel/think/believe/finditadj.a/ann.todosth.Weconsider(feel/believe/find)itnecessarytolearnaforeignlanguagewell.Imadeitaruletomemorizewordseveryday.mcftbf沒吃飯?zhí)貏e煩非謂語作補(bǔ)語總結(jié)非謂語的解題思路Stepone看特殊*表將來*為了*限定詞后*意外結(jié)果/only*抽象名詞后*一些形容詞后表原因。Steptwo主被動(dòng)做定語，看被修飾的名詞。，做狀語?？淳渥又髡Z。...Stepthree先后續(xù)主動(dòng)havingdone被動(dòng)havingbeendone。不定式todo將來或目的現(xiàn)在分詞doing進(jìn)行或主動(dòng)我去，分子down。完成或被動(dòng)非謂語作補(bǔ)語五大基本句型主位ipromise主謂賓iwillalwaysloveyou。主位冰冰。Iwillgiveyouakiss。主謂賓賓補(bǔ)。Iwillmakeyouhappy.主系表youareacouplenow。什么做什么？(凸顯動(dòng)作)什么是什么？(出險(xiǎn)狀態(tài))能充當(dāng)?shù)某煞种髡Z賓語表語補(bǔ)語定語狀語不定式todon.

adjadving形式動(dòng)名詞n現(xiàn)在分詞advadj過去分詞doneadvadj定語

一個(gè)即將被討論的問題游泳池正在泳池游泳的男孩落葉只有一個(gè)修飾詞，放名詞前做前置定語，多個(gè)就放后做后置定語。

?修飾和限定名詞?....的aquestiontobediscussedaswimmingpoolaboyswimminginthepoolfallingleaves非謂語作定語動(dòng)名詞還是現(xiàn)在分詞一個(gè)游泳池aswimmingpool一個(gè)會(huì)議室ameetingroom正在池里游泳的男孩Aboyswimminginthepool動(dòng)名詞功能/用途apoolforswimming

aroomformeetingAboyforswimmingaboywhoisswimming現(xiàn)在分詞所處狀態(tài)另一個(gè)判斷方法：名詞是否主動(dòng)發(fā)出這個(gè)動(dòng)作？AboyswimsApoolsswims.aroommeets非謂語作定語amovingvan=avanwhichismovingamovingvan=avanformovingrunningwater=waterwhichisrunning名詞是否主動(dòng)發(fā)出這個(gè)動(dòng)作？動(dòng)名詞

功能，用途一輛正在移動(dòng)的貨車搬家貨車自來水活水a(chǎn)vanmovesmove表移動(dòng)avanmoves？move搬遷分析兩種方法~amovingvan第一個(gè)是現(xiàn)在分詞（貨車發(fā)出移動(dòng)這個(gè)動(dòng)作，是現(xiàn)在分詞做定語強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)）第二個(gè)是動(dòng)名詞（動(dòng)名詞做定語反應(yīng)功能用途）現(xiàn)在分詞,所處狀態(tài)動(dòng)名詞還是現(xiàn)在分詞waterruns~非謂語作定語分詞一個(gè)正在玩游戲的男孩那個(gè)正在被監(jiān)視的男孩一個(gè)建于70年代的房落葉動(dòng)詞&形容詞發(fā)出承受動(dòng)作所處的狀態(tài)。正在進(jìn)行

：現(xiàn)在分詞已完成

：過去分詞AboyplayingcomputergamesTheboybeingwatchedbyateacherAhousebuiltinthe1970sfallenleavesfall是不及物動(dòng)詞沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)所以沒有被動(dòng)的意味只要你判斷動(dòng)作完成那就是done正在做doing正在被做beingdone已完成被動(dòng)done**已完成(vi無被動(dòng))done非謂語作定語不定式即將抵達(dá)的火車一個(gè)明天要開展的會(huì)議一個(gè)明天將要被舉行的會(huì)未完成thetraintoarriveameetingtobeheldtomorrow將來做todo將來被做tobedone非謂語作定語主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)*不定式todo做定語，如果句子里有人，并且是todo的動(dòng)作發(fā)出者，用主動(dòng)形式即可。誰去打？被動(dòng)語態(tài)的底層邏輯。當(dāng)你不清楚動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者是就可以使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)我有一個(gè)問題要問我有一個(gè)要問的問題IhavealettertowriteIhavemuchworktodo.Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?Ihavealettertobetyped.

Ihaveaquestiontobeasked我有一封信要被（別人打?。?HewastoldthatheforgottogiveLucyahug.Lucyhasbeengivenacomplaintletteragain.非謂語作定語帶還是不帶介詞我們需要找一個(gè)房住。

我們需要找一個(gè)去住的房子。Weneedtofindahousetolive.Weneedtofindahousetolivein.Weliveinthehouse.此外，live是不及物動(dòng)詞，一定要有in~延續(xù)剛剛的思考邏輯：tolive的動(dòng)作發(fā)出著是誰？你給我?guī)б粋€(gè)椅子坐嗎？可以帶給我一個(gè)做的椅子。Wouldyoubringmeachairtositon?Isitonthechair.非謂語作定語**當(dāng)被修飾的名詞是time/place/reason/way等詞語時(shí)可以不帶介詞知識(shí)鏈接·~·~·關(guān)系副詞where=in/atwhichwhen=on/duringwhich...我們找到了一個(gè)地方住。我們找到了一個(gè)去住的地方。帶還是不帶介詞Wefoundaplacetolivein.aplace=inthecaveliveinthecaveWefoundthewaytosolvetheproblem.

solvetheprobleminaway時(shí)間地點(diǎn)原因方式非謂語作定語不定式做定語被修飾名詞前有序數(shù)詞/最高級(jí)

thevery/theonly/any/no/all等限定詞或是不定代詞時(shí)，只能用不定式。知識(shí)鏈接:當(dāng)定語從句先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)\序數(shù)詞\theonlytheveryanythingsomething等不定代詞修飾時(shí)，關(guān)系詞只能用that，不能用which。Shewasalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.Hewasthebestmantodothejob.Doyouhaveanythingtosay?非謂語作定語不定式做定語被修飾名詞為ability/decision/plan/promise/chance/opportunity/right/course等抽象名詞時(shí)，只能用不定式。Imadeaplantomemorizewaseveryday.Herdecisiontobreakupwithmeishardbreaking.判斷方式:名詞is不定式Theplaneistomemorizewordseveryday.Thedecisionistobreakupwithme.非謂語作定語小結(jié)~1不定式todo未完成2現(xiàn)在分詞doing正在進(jìn)行(動(dòng)名詞doing功能和用途)3.過去分子done已完成好消息~~~因?yàn)槎ㄕZ不用考慮時(shí)間的先后~所以~不用完成時(shí)將來做todo限定詞后將來被做tobedone抽象名詞后正在做doing正在被做beingdone已完成被動(dòng)done不及物動(dòng)詞僅表已完成不表被動(dòng)非謂語作定語能充當(dāng)?shù)某煞种髡Z賓語表語補(bǔ)語定語狀語不定式todon.

adjadving形式動(dòng)名詞n現(xiàn)在分詞advadj過去分詞doneadvadjTopreventpuppylove,theteacheralwaysarrangesforbeautifulgirlstobehisdeskmate.Havingswallowedthelittleredcap,thewolfwenttobedandslept.Crying“youdon'tknowme”，shethrewthephoneintotheriver.狀語:時(shí)間/條件/原因/目的/讓步/結(jié)果/比較/地點(diǎn)/方式/程度/伴隨非謂語作狀語非謂語不定式todo將來/目的現(xiàn)在分詞doing進(jìn)行/主動(dòng)過去分詞done完成/被動(dòng)非謂語作狀語不定式做狀語Tomakehimselfheard,heraisedhisvoice.Inhurryhomeonlytofindhismoneystolen.Allofusaresurprisedtohavebeeninvitedtotheparty.Hewokeup（only）tofindeverybodygone.Iwasluckyenoughtomeetanoutstandingteacher.①時(shí)間②條件③原因④目的⑤結(jié)果⑥讓步⑦比較⑧地點(diǎn)⑨方式⑩程度①做目的狀語。⑤做意料之外的結(jié)果狀語。③做形容詞后的原因狀語。且目的狀語只能由不定式充當(dāng)happygladamazedsadproud等心理狀態(tài)類的詞~非謂語作狀語分詞做狀語Havingswallowedlittleredcap，thewolfwenttothebedandslept.Hefellfromhisbike,breakinghisleg.Notknowingheraddress,Iwasn'tabletocontacther.Hestayedathome，doingnothing.①時(shí)間②條件③原因④目的⑤結(jié)果⑥讓步⑦比較⑧地點(diǎn)⑨方式⑩程度①時(shí)間狀語⑤結(jié)果狀語③原因狀語伴隨狀語且這里的結(jié)果不是意外的哦~非謂語不在特定的形容詞后，用分詞做原因狀語非謂語作狀語非謂語作狀語*only*glad、proud、surprise不定式todo做目的狀語

做意外的結(jié)果狀語

做形容詞后的原因狀語現(xiàn)在分詞doing目的以外的所有狀語過去分詞done主動(dòng)被動(dòng)非謂語作狀語主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)非謂語作狀語動(dòng)作發(fā)出者。（邏輯主語）一般就是句子的主語。判斷從山頂上看這座城市更美了。Seeingfromthetopof