河北省邯鄲市埝頭中學2021-2022學年高三英語下學期期末試卷含解析

河北省邯鄲市埝頭中學2021-2022學年高三英語下學期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.PhysicistStevenChu,____Obama’sEnergySecretarylastMonday,wontheNobelPrizeintheyear1997.A.appointing

B.appointed

C.beingappointed

D.tobeappointed參考答案：B2.David'sfirstnovel,basedonhisexperienceas______lawyer,became_____bestsellerinAustralia．

A．a(chǎn);a

B．不填；a

C．a(chǎn);the

D．不填;the參考答案：A3.I’llleaveyoumymobilenumber________there’sanemergency.A.evenif

B.aslongas C.incase D.eversince參考答案：C

試題分析：考查連詞。A.evenif即使；B.aslongas只要；C.incase以防；D.eversince

自從；句意：我留給你我的電話號碼以防有緊急情況。根據(jù)語境可知選C項。

4.WhileshewasinParis,shedevelopeda_____-_forfineart.

A.way

B.relation

C.taste

D.habit參考答案：C5.—It’ssaidthatheisawiseleader.—Oh,no,heis________butawiseleader.A.anybody

B.anythingC.anyone

D.nothing參考答案：B【詳解】考查固定短語。句意：——據(jù)說他是一位英明的領導?！?。不，他根本不是一位英明的領導。anythingbut是習語，意為“根本不是”或“一點也不”，不僅可用于事物，也可用于人。故選B。6.Thenews

formerAppleexecutivechiefSteveJobspassedawaycameas

shocktoallofus．

A．that,不填

B．which,a

C．which,不填

D．that,a參考答案：D略7.

hehaslimitedtechnicalknowledge,theoldworkerhasalotofexperience.

A．Since

B．Unless

C．As

D．Although參考答案：解析：D．英語中的副詞從句，即狀語從句引導詞的選擇主要依據(jù)句意及其邏輯關系而定。本題選D，although表示讓步，“雖然技術知識有限，但是經(jīng)驗豐富?！?._______homeworkdidwehavetodothatwehadnotimetoplaybasketball.A.Solittle

B.Toomuch

C.Toolittle

D.Somuch參考答案：D9.Sheissittinginthewarmnightairwithacolddrinkinherhand，

herownthoughtsandfeelings．A．reflectingon

B．thinkingof

C．lettingout

D．referringto參考答案：A10.CustomerswillreceiveafreeCDasa______withanyorderover200yuaninthisstore.

A.payment

B.bonus

C.cash

D.benefit

參考答案：B11.Thelittlechildstoodonthechairtomakehimself_____taller.A.looking

B.tolook

C.looked

D.look參考答案：D略12.—Don’tyouagreewithwhathesaid?—Yes，

!Itcan’tbebetter．

A．a(chǎn)pproximately

B．ly

C．ly

D．partly參考答案：B13.

WhenIsawmumnod_______tome,Icalmeddownandwentonwithmyacting．

A．encouragingly

B．a(chǎn)mazingly

C．increasingly

D．a(chǎn)ccordingly參考答案：33．A考查副詞辨析。詞類的考查異軍突起，在高考試卷中所占比例越來越大?？疾榈闹攸c更多是從語境和詞匯的含義去把握和選擇，很少考查同義詞或近義詞的辨析。語境說媽媽對我點頭，我冷靜下來，從這些信息看，本題選A，媽媽用手勢語鼓勵我。

【解析】略14.

Remembernottotelephonemeafter7：30pm,forI____thestudentsintheclassroomthen.A.willcoach

B.willbecoaching

C.havebeencoaching

D.havebeencoached參考答案：B15.Thedoctortelephonedtosaythathecouldn’t____themeetingbecausehehadtolookafterapatient.A.join

B.attend

C.joinin

D.takepartin參考答案：B16.—We’dbettergodownstairsrightnowforlunch．

—____Theyservefood24hoursaday．

A.Hurryup!

B.Takeyourtime．

C.Itdoesn’tmatter.

D.Noway!參考答案：B略二、完型填空17.閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。AtPriya'sweddingparty,hermothergaveheranewlyopenedbankbookandsaid,"Priya,keepitasa

26

ofyourmarriagelife．Whensomething

27

happens,putsomemoneyinandgiveabrief

28

toitnexttotheline．Thehappiertheeventis,themoremoneyyoucanputin．When

29

afteryears,youwillknowhowmuchhappinessyou've

30

"．PriyaandHiteshboththoughtitagreatideaandsoonmadethefirstdeposit（儲蓄）．31

,afteryears,theystarted

quarrellingandfighting．Theyboth

32

marryingtheworstpersonintheworld．OnedayPriyatalkedtohermother,"Mom,wecan't

33

itany

more．Wedecidedtogetadivorce!Ican'timagine

34

IdecidedtomarrythisGuy!!!"Hermotherresponded,"Justdowhateveryouwant,butbeforethatdoonethingfirst．35

thebankbookIgavetoyouonyourweddingparty?Takeoutallthemoneyand

36

itfirst．Youshouldn'tkeepanyrecordofsucha

37

marriage．"Priyathoughtitwas

38

．Soshewenttothebank,

39

todrawoutallthemoney．Whilewaitinginthequeue,shetookoutthebankbookandrecalledthememoriesofalltheprevious

40

．Hereyesfilledwithtears,sheleftina（an）

41

．Whenshereturnedhome,shehandedthebankbooktoHitesh,askinghimtospendthemoney．Thenextday,Hiteshgave

thebankbookbacktoPriya．

42

,shefoundanewdepositof$5000,withalinenexttotherecord:"ThisisthedayI

43

howmuchI'velovedyou．Howmuchhappinessyou'vebroughtme．"Much

44

,theyhuggedandcried,puttingthebankbookbacktotheir

45

．26．A．record

B．respect

C．remark

D．guide27．A．uncertain

B．unexpected

C．pleasant

D．a(chǎn)nnoying28．A．a(chǎn)rrangement

B．comment

C．promise

D．dream29．A．takingup

B．lookingout

C．takingin

D．lookingback30．A．harvested

B．bought

C．offered

D．wanted31．A．Besides

B．Anyway

C．Instead

D．However32．A．enjoyed

B．risked

C．regretted

D．stopped33．A．help

B．stand

C．blame

D．defeat34．A．what

B．where

C．why

D．when35．A．Return

B．Lose

C．Check

D．Remember36．A．devote

B．spend

C．lend

D．waste37．A．happy

B．poor

C．simple

D．traditional38．A．reasonable

B．faithful

C．hopeful

D．responsible39．A．planning

B．pretending

C．hesitating

D．preferring40．A．trouble

B．experiences

C．quarrels

D．happiness41．A．panic

B．ease

C．hurry

D．while42．A．Interestingly

B．Naturally

C．Disappointingly

D．Surprisingly43．A．a(chǎn)dmit

B．search

C．realize

D．declare44．A．a(chǎn)ttracted

B．tired

C．puzzled

D．moved45．A．safe

B．mother

C．bank

D．Wedding參考答案：26—30ACBDA

31—35DCBCD

36—40BBAAD

41—45CDCDA三、閱讀理解18.Medicaldrugssometimescausemoredamagethantheycure.Onesolutiontothisproblemistoputthedrugsinsideacapsule,protectingthemfromthebody—andthebodyfromthem—untiltheycanbereleasedatjusttherightspot.Therearelotsofwaystotrigger(引發(fā))thisrelease,includingchangingtemperature,acidity,andsoon.Buttriggerscancomewiththeirownrisks—burns,forexample.Now,researchersinCaliforniahavedesignedwhatcouldbeaharmlesstriggertodate:shiningnear-infraredlight(NIR,近紅外線)onthedruginthecapsule.Theideaofusinglighttoliberatethedruginthecapsuleisn'tnew.Researchersaroundtheglobehavedevelopedpolymers(聚合物)andothermaterialsthatbegintobreakdownwhentheyabsorbeitherultraviolet(UV,紫外線)orvisiblelight.ButtissuesalsoreadilyabsorbUVandvisiblelight,whichmeansthedrugreleasecanbetriggeredonlyneartheskin,wherethelightcanreachthecapsule.NIRlightlargelypassesthroughtissues,soresearchershavetriedtouseitasatrigger.Butfewcompounds(化合物)

absorbNIRwellandgothroughchemicalchanges.ThatchangedlastyearwhenAdahAlmutairi,achemistattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,reportedthatsheandhercolleagueshaddesignedapolymerthatbreaksdownwhenitabsorbsNIRlight.TheirpolymerusedacommerciallyavailableNIR-absorbinggroupcalledo-nitrobenzyl(ONB).Whentheycatchthelight,ONBgroupsfalloffthepolymer,leadingtoitsbreakdown.ButONBisonlyaso-soNIRabsorber,anditcouldbepoisonoustocellswhenitseparatesfromthepolymer.SoAlmutairiandhercolleaguesreportedcreatinganewmaterialforcapsulesthat'sevenbetter.Thisoneconsistsofalongchainofcompoundscalledcresolgroupslinkedinapolymer.Cresolcontainsreactive(易反應的)componentsthatmakeithighlyunstableinitspolymericform,afeatureAlmutairiandhercolleaguesusetotheiradvantage.Afterpolymerizingthecresols,theycapeachreactivecomponentwithalight-absorbingcompoundcalledBhc.WhentheBhcsabsorbNIRlight,thereactivegroupsareexposedandbreakthelongpolymerintotwoshortchains.Shiningadditionallightcontinuesthisbreakdown,potentiallyreleasinganydrugsinthecapsule.What'smore,Almutairisays,Bhcis10timesbetteratabsorbingNIRthanisONBandisnotpoisonoustocells.63.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttrigger?A.Temperaturechange.

B.NIRlight.

C.Aciditychange.

D.UVlight.64.

WhyinONBunsatisfactory?A.

ItbreaksdownwhenitabsorbsNIRlight.B.

Itfallsoffthepolymerandtriggersdrugrelease.C.

Ithasnotcomeontothemarketuptillnow.D.

Itisnoteffectiveenoughandcouldbepoisonous.65.Whichwordcanbeusedtocompletethefollowingprocessofchanges??Partofthecresolis____.??A.protected

B.formed

C.exposed

D.combined參考答案：BDC略19.About5,000childrendieeachdayduetopreventablediseasessuchascholeraanddysentery(痢疾),whichspreadwhenpeopleuseuncleanwaterfordrinkingorcooking.Alackofwaterforpersonalhealthleadstothespreadoftotallypreventablediseasesliketrachoma,whichhasblindedsomesixmillionpeople.Watertroublesalsotrapmanylow-incomefamiliesinacycleofpovertyandpooreducationandthepoorestsuffermostfromlackofaccesstowater.Peoplewhospendmuchoftheirtimeonillhealth,caringforsickchildren,orcollectingwateratdistancesaveraging3.75milesadaydon’thaveeducationalandeconomicopportunitiestobettertheirlives.Agricultureiscalledthelion'sshareoffreshwaterworldwide,usingsome70percent,andindustrialusesconsumeanother22percent.Waterareashavenopoliticalbordersandnationsdon'talwaysworktogethertosharecommonresources,sowatercanbeafrequentsourceofinternationalconflictaswell.Day-by-daydemandkeepsgrowing,furtherneedingwatersources,fromgreatriverstogroundwater.“We’regoingdeeperintodebtonourgroundwateruse,”Postelsaid,“andthathasverysignificantimpactsonglobalwatersecurity.Therateofgroundwaterconsumptionhasdoubledsince1960.”SomeofEarth'sgroundwaterisfossilwatercreatedwhenEarth'sclimatewasfardifferent.Todaysuchwaterisaslimitedaspetrol.“Butwe'repumpingmuchofthemoutfasterthanever,”Postelexplained.“Humanity'sgrowingthirstalsocausesamajorproblemaboutwaterandourecosystems.Andthatalsocreatesacosttous,tooursonsandtoourgrandsons,notjusttonature.”8.Whatdoestheauthormainlydiscussinthepassage?A.Watershortagehasbeenamostseriouschallenge.B.Somanychildrendieofpollutedwatereveryday.C.Diseasesshouldbeproperlycontrolledandtreated.D.Wastingwaterleadstotheunrestoftheworld.9.Whyisagriculturecalledthelion’sshareoffreshwater?A.Becauseagricultureismuchstrongerthanindustry.B.Becausemorepeopleliveontheagriculturalproduce.C.Becauseagricu