烘焙中常用的英語

烘焙中常用的英語設備和工具冰箱refrigerator,icebox冰柜、冷凍柜freezer抽屜式冷柜locker扌丁蛋機eggbeater,beatingmachine電爐electricstove電磁爐electromagneticoven發(fā)酵箱fermentationroom滾圓機rounder和面機doughmixer攪拌器mixer絞肉機mincingmachine,meatgrinder烤爐oven轉(zhuǎn)爐revolvingoven風車轉(zhuǎn)爐reeloven鏈條烤盤式平爐travelingchainoven鋼帶式平爐bandoven螺旋式烤爐spiraloven托盤式爐trayoven箱式烤爐deckoven輥切成型機rotarycutter擠條成型機routepress鋼絲切割成型機wirecutter擠漿成型機depositor面團拌和機pastryblender面包整形機moulder奶油分離器creamseparator食品加工器foodprocessor食品切碎機foodchopper食品粉碎機masher洗碗機dishwasher醒發(fā)室prover榨汁機juiceextractor,squeezer油炸機deep-fryer剝皮器zester磅秤scale保鮮紙lockerpaper裱花轉(zhuǎn)臺revolvingcakestand焙烤用紙碟bakingcup布丁模puddingmold叉子fork秤scale長柄平底煎鍋skillet長筷chopsticks長形蛋糕模loafmold車輪刀wheelcutter鏟刀palette-knife廚房多用剪kitchenshears點心刀dessertknife單把鍋pot蛋夾eggslicer蛋糕滾花刀pastryjagger蛋糕架cakerack,cakecooler打蛋盆mixingbowl打蛋器、抽子eggwhisk,balloonwhisk道納斯專用印模doughnutcutter分蛋器eggseparator搟面杖rollingpin搟面板breadboard,pasteboard瓜挖小勺scoop糕點夾pastrycrimper糕點切刀pastrycutter糕點叉pastryfork過濾網(wǎng)strainer濾布clothfilter工作臺bench核桃夾nutcracker黃油刀butterknife原料蛋及蛋制品(eggproduct)雞蛋egg蛋清eggwhite蛋黃eggyolk蛋黃粉yolkpowder蛋粉eggpowder全蛋粉driedegg干蛋粉dehydratedeggs奶及奶制品(milkproduct)摜奶油whippedcream酪乳buttermilk煉乳condensedmilk奶昔curd奶粉milkpowder速溶奶粉instantmilk奶油cream奶酪、乳酪cheese牛奶milk消毒牛奶citymilk,marketmilk濃縮奶油thickenedcream凝乳rennet乳酪粉gratedcheese全脂牛奶wholemilk酸奶yogurt酸奶酪clabber酸性鮮奶油sourcream脫脂牛奶skimmilk脫水奶油dehydratedbutter稀奶油marketcream,singlecream芝士cottagecheese糖及糖制品糖及糖制品(sugarproduct)白砂糖whitegranulatedsugar綿白糖softsugar紅糖、黃砂糖brownsugar冰糖crystalsugar蜂蜜honey果糖fructose風登糖、封糖fondant方糖cubesugar,bricksugar精制糖refinedsugar焦糖caramel攪打糖霜whippedfrosting麥芽糖maltose麥芽糖漿maltsyrup木糖xylose葡萄糖glucose葡萄糖漿confectioner'sglucose山梨糖醇sorbitol糖膏fillmass糖漿sugarsyrup糖蜜molasses糖霜frosting糖粉icingsugar,powderedsugar飴糖、麥芽糖barleysugar玉米糖漿cornsyrup蔗糖canesugar轉(zhuǎn)化糖invertsugar食品添加劑食品添加劑(foodadditive)阿摩尼亞bakingammoria二氧化氯chlorinedioxide丙二醇脂肪酸酯propyleneesteroffattyacids醋酸aceticacid丙酸鈣calciumpropionate丙酸鈉sodiumpropionate丙二醇脂肪酸酯propyleneglycolesteroffattyacid大豆磷月旨soybeanphospholipids單甘油酉旨monostearate,monoglyceride碳酸氫鈉sodiumbicarbonate碳酸銨ammoniumcarbonate碳酸氫銨ammoniumbicarbonate碳酸鈣calciumcarbonate蛋白酶protease胃蛋白酶pepsin胰蛋白酶trypsin淀粉starch淀粉酶amylase碘酸鹽iodate還原劑reducingagent防腐劑preservative快性發(fā)粉fastactingpowder過氧化丙酮actetoneperoxide酵母yeast新鮮酵母freshyeast壓榨酵母compressedyeast干酵母driedyeast干燥活酵母activedryyeast即溶干酵母instantactivedryyeast酵母營養(yǎng)劑yeastfood吉士粉custardpowder發(fā)酵粉bakingpowder,bakingagent蘇打粉泡打粉bakingsoda水果類水果類(fruits)蘿pineapple草莓strawberry橙子orange鱷梨avocado番木瓜carica番石榴guava柑桔citrusfruit橄欖olive黑加侖子blackcurrant紅加侖子redcurrant黑莓blackberry藍莓blueberry荔枝lithchi,lychee梨pear檸檬lemon檸檬汁lemonade李子plum青李blueplum,bluegage芒果mango彌猴桃kiwifruit木瓜papaya木菠蘿jackfruit西番蓮passionfruit西瓜watermelon西柚grapefruit蜜瓜honeydewmelon蘋果apple葡萄grape柿子persimmon,figofjapon水蜜桃honeypeach桃peach香蕉banana杏，黃梅apricot楊桃carambola椰子coconut櫻桃cherry酸櫻桃sourcherry黑櫻桃blackcherry懸鉤子、覆盆子raspberry蔓越橘、酸果蔓cranberry無花果fig楊桃carambola柚子balsam干果和果仁類干果和果仁類(driedfruitsandnuts)核桃，胡桃walnut白胡桃butternut黑芝麻blacksesameseed花生peanut栗子chestnut李子干、李脯prune美洲山核桃pecan甜山核桃balsamhickory葡萄干raisin松子pineseeds,pinenut松仁pignolia杏仁almond向日葵仁sunflowerseed腰果cashew榛子hazelnut,filbert油脂油脂(fat,grease)油oil菜子油rapeseedoil大豆油soybeanoil橄欖油oliveoil可可油cocoatincture花生油peanutoil棉子油cottonseedoil米糠油ricebranoil向日葵油sunfloweroil椰子油coconutoil玉米油cornoil芝麻油sesameoil棕櫚油palmoil黃油、奶油butter人造黃油、麥淇淋margarine家用人造奶油tablemargarine牛羊油suet牛油beeftallow起酥油shortening氫化油hydrogenatedfat色拉油saladoil豬油lard植物油vegetableoil脂肪fat谷物類谷物類(grains)大麥barley大麥粉barleyflour,barleypowder大豆粉breadsoy蛋糕粉cakeflour黑麥rye麩皮bran面粉flour高筋面粉breadflour中筋面粉allpurposeflour低筋面粉cakeflour通用面粉all-purposeflour,familyflour全麩面粉allbran全麥粉wholewheat合成粉prepareflourmixes粗麩皮面粉dunst黑麥面粉ryeflour營養(yǎng)面粉enrichedflour面包粉breadflour麥片wholemeal全麥粉wholemealflour麥芽shorts養(yǎng)麥buckwheat小米millet小麥wheat白麥whitewheat春小麥springwheat冬小麥winterwheat硬質(zhì)紅春小麥hardredspring硬質(zhì)紅冬小麥hardredwinter軟質(zhì)白冬小麥so仕whitewinter軟質(zhì)紅冬小麥so仕redwinter燕麥oat玉米maize玉米片grits常見品種(products)巴菲，凍糕parfait咖啡巴菲coffeeparfait餅干cookie布丁pudding比薩pizza比司吉biscuit脆餅干biscuit硬餅干dogbiscuit德比餅干derbybiscuit蘇打餅干sodacracker冰淇淋icecream泡泡松糕，泡餅popover泡夫條、愛克力(F.)eclair薄脆餅wafer巧克力薄脆餅、朱古力薄脆餅chocolatewafer薄餅griddlecake薄餅（美式）pancake薄餅（印度式）chapaties脆餅（墨西哥式）tortilla脆面餅hippenpaste脆糖餅brandysnap茶餅teabread粗餅干spongegoods丹麥包Danishpastry蛋卷冰淇淋coneicecream蛋奶凍custard蛋奶酥、沙弗來、蘇夫力（F.）souffle橙凍沙弗來coldorangesouffle蛋塔eggtart蛋白杏仁餅macaroon蛋白酥皮meringue蛋白甜餅、巴芙洛娃蛋糕pavlova蛋糕cake清蛋糕non-fatcakes裱花蛋糕decorativecakes大塊蛋糕sheetcake粉狀蛋糕poundcake海綿蛋糕spongecake黑森林蛋糕blackforestcake黃磅蛋糕yellowpoundcake婚禮蛋糕weddingcake馬德蕾蛋糕（貝殼蛋糕）shellcake馬德拉蛋糕maderiacake牛油蛋糕、奶油蛋糕buttercake檸檬卷蛋糕lemonroll栗子蛋糕chestnutcake巧克力軟糖蛋糕trufflecakechocolate戚風蛋糕chiffoncake瑞士蛋卷swissroll乳酪蛋糕cheesecake生日蛋糕birthdaycake天使蛋糕angelfoodcake疊層大蛋糕doublecake意大利乳酪蛋糕tiramisu杏仁蛋糕congresstart杏仁檸檬蛋糕maid,maidofhonourcake杏仁酥糖大蛋糕(F.)marzipantorte工藝操作與方法(producthandleandmethods)排歹ijarrangeon裱花force裱花、擠花mountingpatterns焙烤baking抽打whisk充氣aerating成型shaping,moulding打雞蛋whipupanegg打奶油beatupthecream發(fā)酵ferment分割divide放入putinto面粉油拌和法blendingmethod翻動turningout翻轉(zhuǎn)turnover翻面、撳粉punching輔料預混premixing圭寸邊sealingside搟面團roilthedough搟平roilout舌ijscrape掛糖粉coating,icing滾圓rounding蓋cover裹coatwith,wrapwith過篩sifted過濾filter混和blendwith烤roast加入add擠糊squeezingbatter靜置rest,bench攪拌成糊mixintoapaste攪扌丁agitating攪和whiskwith攪動stir解凍thaw凝結set冷卻chill冷凍freeze磨碎grind擰twist漂白bleaching切粒chop切成片cutintoslices切半halved揉面團kneadthedough撒sprinkle撒粉、裹粉dredge,dusting上色、著色coloring上光亮劑glaze溶化melt溶解dissolve乳化emulsification刷油由brushoverwithbutter狀態(tài)描述(conditiondescribe)暗淡的pale焙烤時烤盤位置不當improperpanspacing長的long呈羽毛狀的feathered潮濕humid粗劣的poor粗糙的ragged弱的weak淡而無味的bland,tasteless,watery淡而無味的(F.)fade多泡的bubbly多汁的juicy芳香的aroma壞的bad快速的、短暫的instant哈喇味的tallowy(面團)發(fā)僵sticking烘烤過度的overbaked烤至微黃的(F.)blondir烤爐熱度不足insufficientovenheat烤爐熱度太高excessiveheat烤爐內(nèi)閃熱太多excessiveflashheat烤爐內(nèi)蒸汽不足noenoughsteam烤爐內(nèi)熱分布不均improperheatdistribution有光澤的sheeny有條紋的streak堅硬的hard堅韌的tough空洞shelltops緊的、牢固的tight苦味的bitter冷的cold美味的delicious黏稠的sticky輕軟如絨毛的fluffy柔軟的so仕柔軟而粘牙的chewy松散的loose水蒸汽壓力過高highpressuresteam隨意optional酸的acid酸味的、變酸的sour濕的wet生的raw生粉心flourstreaks新鮮的fresh無污點、無瑕疵blemish-free辛辣的hot咸的salty硬的stiff硬皮的crusty味淡的mild粘連kissing粘絲的、發(fā)粘的ropy,ropiness走味pall煮熟味的cookedflavor反應與性能(actionandquality)保存性keepingquality產(chǎn)氣能力raisingpower稠度thickness淀粉老化retrogradation發(fā)酵能力fermentationstandards發(fā)酵彈性fermentationtolerance風味flavor褐變browning褐變反應maillardbrownreaction糊精化作用dextrinization糊化gelatinization烘烤彈性ovenspring烘烤中的反應bakingreaction焦糖化反應caramelization攪拌耐性mixingtolerance抗老化作用antistaling流動性fluidity烤型流性panflow凝固點freezingpoint美拉德反應maillardreaction面團的發(fā)力bakingstrength面團筋力doughstrength面團彈性doughelasticity面團延伸性doughextensibility面團韌性doughresistance面團可塑性doughplasticity面筋網(wǎng)絡glutenmatrix面包體積loafvolume氣體保持能力gasretention起酥性shorteningfunctionoffat融和性aeratingfunctionoffat柔軟性softness熔點meltingpoint溶解度solubility熟成maturing熟化作用ripening,maturating水化能力hydrationcapacity伸展性vitality酸敗rancidity相對密度specificgravity香味aroma吸水量waterabsorption硬度hardness,consistency硬脆性bucky液化liquefying油脂的加工特性workingqualityoffat狀態(tài)弛緩structuralrelaxation滋味taste組織狀態(tài)texture其他相關詞匯盎司ounce表皮顏色crustcolor布拉本德儀brabender殘留糖residualsugar產(chǎn)品product傳導conduction大量mass大腸桿菌colonbacillus滴面稠度droppingconsistency低熱量食品lightfood對光檢查（雞蛋是否新鮮）candle二氧化碳carbondioxide發(fā)酵時間proofingtime發(fā)酵過度overproofing輻身寸radiation粉質(zhì)儀、面團阻力儀farinograph隔夜面團all-nightdough個/塊（面包）loaf化學的chemical貨架期、保鮮期shelflife混合物mixture結構structure卡calorie黏性viscosity冷藏coldstorage面糊batter品脫pint配方formula氣泡式延伸儀alveograph清潔齊9detergent缺陷fault少量dashof上火、面火surfacetemperatureofshapeddoughinoven下火、底火bottomtemperatureofshapeddoughinoven微火、低溫lowbakingtemperature中火、中溫mediumbakingtemperature旺火、高溫highbakingtemperature死面粉、發(fā)力小的面粉deadflour生化的biochemical食品保藏foodpreservation室溫roomtemperature投料順序mixingprocedure對流convection脫水冷凍dehydro-freezing物理的physical細菌bacteria相對濕度relativehumidity相對溫度relativetemperature洗面筋法batterprocess性能property延遲發(fā)酵floortime—打dozen—捏pinchof重量weight陳油、老化油ageingoil走油、滲油leakedoilout其他原料(others)白蘭地brandy李子白蘭地(GJQuetsch梨白蘭地，梨蒸餾酒williams龍膽蒸餾酒(F.)Gentiane蘋果白蘭地，蘋果蒸餾酒applebrandy杏子白蘭地(F.)abricotine櫻桃白蘭地、櫻桃蒸餾酒(GJKirsch果醬jam草莓醬strawberryjam光亮劑glaze紅豆餡redbean-filling可可粉cocoapowder可可月旨cocoabutter朗姆酒rum綠豆粉hoonkuehflour面包屑crumb酶enzyme葡萄酒grapewine蔬菜vegetable速溶吉士粉custardcreampowder調(diào)味料seasonings糖皮paste威士忌whisky波旁威士忌bourbon杏仁膏marzipan香腸sausage餡料filling^鹽salt午餐肉luncheonmeat椰絲coconutshred原料的化學成分(chemicalcomponent)氨基酸aminoacid必需氨基酸essentialaminoacid半胱氨酸cysteine胱氨酸cystine谷氨酸glutamicacid賴氨酸lysine粗纖維crudefiber蛋白質(zhì)protein麥白蛋白albumin麥膠蛋白gliadin球蛋白globulin酪蛋白casein乳清蛋白lactoalbumin乳球蛋白lactoglobulin面筋gluten濕面筋wetgluten活性面筋蛋白vitalgluten淀粉starch直鏈淀粉amylose支鏈淀粉amylopectin糊精dextrin灰分ashcontent礦物質(zhì)ash,mineralmatter卵磷脂lecithin乳清whey乳糖lactose乳糖酶lactase醛類aldehyde水分moisturecontent碳水化合物carbohydrate-酮類ketone-維生素vitamin-脂肪oilandfat酯ester面粉類麵粉/中筋麵粉Plainflour/all-purposeflour低筋麵粉/低根粉cakeflour/softflour/weakflour/lowproteinflour高筋麵粉/筋麵/根麵/高根粉glutenflour/strongflour/breadflour/baker'sflour/highproteinflour小麥面粉Wholemealflour全麥麵粉wholewheatflour澄麵粉/澄粉/澄麵non-glutinousflour/wheatflour/wheatstarch自發(fā)麵粉self-raisingflour粗玉米豆粉polenta/yellowcornmeal粟粉/粟米粉/玉米粉/玉米澱粉（太白粉?）cornflour/cornstarch生粉/太白粉/地瓜粉potatostarch/potatoflour樹薯粉/木薯粉/茨粉/菱粉/泰國生粉/太白粉/地瓜粉Tapiocastarch/tapiocaflour蕃薯粉/地瓜粉sweetpotatoflour臭粉/胺粉/阿摩尼亞粉/嗅粉powderedbakingammonia/carbonateofammonia/ammoniabicarbonate/ammoniacarbonate/hartshorn發(fā)粉/泡打粉/泡大粉/速發(fā)粉/蛋糕發(fā)粉bakingpowder蘇打粉/小蘇打/梳打粉/小梳打/食粉/重曹bakingsoda/bicarbofsoda塔塔粉/他他粉creamoftartar卡士達粉/蛋黃粉/吉士粉/吉時粉/custardpowder卡士達/克林姆/奶皇餡/蛋奶餡custard/pastrycream蛋白粉eggwhitepowder粘米粉/黏米粉/在來米粉/在萊米粉/再來米粉riceflour糕仔粉cookedriceflour糯米粉glutinousriceflour/sweetriceflour鳳片粉/熟糯米粉/糕粉/加工糕粉friedsweetriceflour/friedglutinousriceflour綠豆粉mungbeanflour/tepunghunkwee小麥胚芽/麥芽粉wheatgerm小麥蛋白/麵筋粉wheatgluten酵母/酒餅yeast/iburoti麵包糠/麵包屑breadcrumbs雜糧預拌粉multi-grainflour糖類黑蔗糖漿/糖蜜/甘蔗糖蜜molasses金黃糖漿goldensyrup楓糖漿/楓樹糖漿/楓糖maplesyrup玉米糖漿cornsyrup/karosyrup葡萄糖漿glucosesyrup麥芽糖漿barleymaltsyrup/maltsyrup麥芽糖maltose/maltsugar焦糖carmael果糖fructos乳糖lactose轉(zhuǎn)化糖invertsugar日式糙米糖漿amazake綿花糖霜marshmallowcreamcream冰糖rocksugar椰糖/爪哇紅糖palmsugar/gulamalacca黃砂糖brownsugar紅糖/黑糖darkbrownsugar粗糖/黑砂糖muscovadosugar金砂糖demerarasugar原蔗糖rawsugar/rawcanesugar/unrefinedcanesugar白砂糖/粗砂糖whitesugar/refinedsugar/refinedcanesugar/coarsegranulatedsugar細砂糖/幼砂糖/幼糖castorsugar/castersugar（適用于做糕點）糖份混合物icingsugarmixture糖粉icingsugar/confectioners'sugar糖霜/點綴霜icing/frosting蜜葉糖/甜葉菊stevia/honeyleaf代糖/阿斯巴甜aspartame/sweetener/sugarsubstitute什色糖珠巧克力米/朱古力米chocolatevermicelli巧克力削/朱古力削chocolatecurls巧克力珠/朱古力珠chocbits/chocolatechips耐烤巧克力豆chocbits（澳洲的英文名）/chocolatechips（美國、加拿大的英文名）其他的添加劑抹荼粉greenteapowder馬蹄粉waterchestnutflour葛粉arrowrootflour杏仁粉almondflour/almondmieal海苔粉groundseaweed涼粉/仙草grassjelly椰絲/椰茸/椰子粉desiccatedcoconut/shreddedcoconut果子凍/果凍粉/啫喱jelly魚膠粉/吉利丁/明膠gelatinesheets/powderedgelatine大菜/大菜絲/菜燕/燕菜精/洋菜/洋菜粉/瓊脂agarpowder白礬alum硼砂borax石膏gypsum鹼水/（木見）水/碳酸鉀alkalinewater/lyewater/potassiumcarbonate食用色素foodcolouring香草豆/香草莢/香草片/香子蘭莢vanillabean/vanillapod香草精/雲(yún)尼拉香精/凡尼拉香精vanillaextract/vanillaessence香草粉vanillapowder班蘭粉/香蘭粉groundpandan/groundscrewpineleaves/serbokdaunpandan班蘭精/香蘭精pandanpaste/pastapandan玫瑰露/玫瑰露精rosewater/rosewateressenceessence皮屑gratedzest/gratedrind油脂牛油/奶油butter軟化牛油so仕butter瑪珈琳/瑪琪琳/乳瑪琳/雅瑪琳/人造奶油/菜油margarine起酥油/起酥瑪琪琳pastrymargarine/oleomargarine豬油/白油/大油/板油lard/cookingfat酥油/雪白奶油shortening硬化椰子油copha椰油CreamedCoconut烤油dripping牛油忌廉buttercream淡忌廉lightcream/coffeecream/tablecream鮮奶油/忌廉/鮮忌廉cream/whippingcream包括：1lightwhippingcreamheavywhippingcream/heavycream/thickenedcreamdoublecream/purecream酸奶油/酸忌廉/酸奶酪/酸乳酪sourcream酸奶buttermilk牛奶/鮮奶/鮮乳milk奶粉powderedmilk/milkpowder花奶/淡奶/奶水/蒸發(fā)奶/蒸發(fā)奶水evaporatedmilk煉奶condensedmilk/sweetenedcondensedmilk起士/起司/芝士/乳酪/奶酪/乾酪/乳餅cheese起司粉powderedcheese奶油起司/芝士忌廉/奶油乳酪/凝脂乳酪creamcheese瑪斯卡波尼起司/馬司卡膨起司/馬斯卡波涅起司/義大利乳酪mascarponecheese優(yōu)格/乳果/酸奶/酸乳酪yoghurt優(yōu)酪乳yoghurtdrink/drinkingyoghurt烘焙產(chǎn)品麵包/麵飽bread土司麵包/吐司toast法式吐司frenchtoast裸麥麵包ryebread派/批pie塔/撻tart凍派/凍批creampie蛋塔eggtart/custardtart法式蛋塔quichelorraine戚風蛋糕chiffoncake海綿蛋糕spongecake泡芙chouxpastry/puff瑪琳/焗蛋泡meringue蛋蜜乳eggnog可麗餅crepe煎餅/熱餅/薄烤餅pancake厚鬆餅pikelet/hotcake墨西哥麵餅tortillas曲奇cookies慕斯/慕思mousse布甸/布丁pudding司康/比司吉