高二英語(yǔ)必修二語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納2022

高二英語(yǔ)必修二語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納2022高二英語(yǔ)必修二語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納Confusedbythenewsurroundings,Iwashitbythelackoffreshair.Exhausted,Islidintothebedandfellfastasleep.過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)：過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，說(shuō)明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或情況，其等同于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句。vt過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)與主句主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示被動(dòng)和完成，vi過(guò)去分詞表示狀態(tài)或動(dòng)作的完成。Heated,waterchangesintosteam.Theprofessorcamein,followedbyagroupofyoungpeople.1作原因狀語(yǔ)，等于as/since/because引導(dǎo)從句Movedbywhatshesaid,wecouldn’thelpcrying.=(Aswearemovedbywhatshesaid…作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，等于when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間從句，如果分詞表示的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，可在分詞前加when/while/until等使時(shí)間意義更明確。Whenheated,watercanbechangedintosteam.Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.=(Whentheparkisseenfromthehill…作條件狀語(yǔ)等于if/whether引導(dǎo)從句Givenmoreattention,thecabbagescouldhavegrownbetter.=(Iftheyhavebeengivenmoreattention….you作方式或伴隨狀語(yǔ)Theactresscamein,followedbyherfans.Shesatbythewindow,lostinthought.作讓步狀語(yǔ)Muchtired,hestillkeptonworking.=(Althoughhewastired,)he….獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)：當(dāng)分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)不是主句主語(yǔ)時(shí)，分詞可以有自己獨(dú)立的邏輯主語(yǔ)，這種結(jié)構(gòu)稱為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。常用來(lái)表示伴隨情況。Theboyrushedintotheclassroom,hisfacecoveredwithsweat.Allthingsconsidered,yourarticleisofgreatvaluethanhers.RewritewithproperconjunctionsExample:Unitedwestand,dividedwefall.Ifweareunited,wewillstand,butifwearedivided,wewillfall.1Askedwhathadhappened,hetoldusaboutit.→Whenhewasaskedwhathadhappened,…Wellknownforhisexpertadvice,hereceivedmanyinvitationstogivelectures.→Becausehewaswellknownforhisexpertadvice,…Givenmoretime,wewouldbeabletodotheworkmuchbetter.Ifweweregivenmoretime,OncetranslatedintoChinese,thebookbecameverypopularamongChineseteenagers.OnceitwastranslatedintoChinese,Leftaloneathome,Samdidnotfeelafraidatall.Althoughhewasleftaloneathome,現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，與其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，而過(guò)去分詞與其邏輯主語(yǔ)之間則表示被動(dòng)關(guān)系。Seeingthesepictures,Icouldn’thelpthinkingofthosedayswhenIwasinBeijing.Seenfromthetopofathirty-storeyedbuilding,Beijinglooksmoremagnificent.(see)選擇現(xiàn)在分詞還是過(guò)去分詞，關(guān)鍵看主句的主語(yǔ)。如分詞的動(dòng)作是主句的主語(yǔ)發(fā)出，分詞就選用現(xiàn)在分詞，反之就用過(guò)去分詞。例如：Usedforalongtime,thebooklooksold.由于用了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，這本書看上去很舊。Usingthebook,Ifindituseful.在使用的過(guò)程中，我發(fā)現(xiàn)這本書很有用注意:1.系表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.(lose)inwhite,shelooksmorebeautiful.(dress)belostinbedressedinbeinterestedinbedevotedtobesupposedto?becaughtintherainbeseatedinbepreparedforbedeterminedto2.不與主語(yǔ)保持一致的固定結(jié)構(gòu)generallyspeaking一般說(shuō)來(lái)strictly/franklyspeaking嚴(yán)格地說(shuō)/坦白地說(shuō)judgingfrom從…判斷allthingsconsidered從整體來(lái)看takingallthingsintoconsideration全面看來(lái)例如：Judgingfromhisface,hemustbeill.從他的臉色看，他一定是病了。Generallyspeaking,dogscanrunfasterthanpigs.總的來(lái)說(shuō)，狗比豬跑得快。(speaking不是dogs的動(dòng)作)Practice1.CompleteeachsentencesusingtheP.P.oftherightverb.buildfrightentrapfollowshootseeexamine1bynoisesinthenight,thegirlnolongerdaredtosleepinherroom.2Theladyreturnedhome,bytwopolicemen.3Afterhavingbeencarefully,theroomwaslockedagain.4.in1949,theexhibitionhallisover50yearsold.5fromadistance,theOperaHouselookslikeshipsails.6Ifinaburningbuilding,youshouldsendforhelp.7Althoughintheleg,hecontinuedfiringatthepolice.高二英語(yǔ)必修二語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納一、不定式做主語(yǔ)：1、不定式做主語(yǔ)一般表示具體的某次動(dòng)作。===動(dòng)名詞doing表示習(xí)慣的，經(jīng)常的動(dòng)作。e.g:Tofinishthebuildinginamonthisdifficult.Todosuchthingsisfoolish.Toseeistobelieve.(對(duì)等)注:1).不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)2).當(dāng)主語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng)，謂語(yǔ)較短時(shí)，常用it做形式主語(yǔ)，而將不定式放到謂語(yǔ)的后面。it做形式主語(yǔ)，不定式放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后常用于下列結(jié)構(gòu)中：Itis/was+adj.+ofsb.todo…Itis+adj.+forsb.+todo…Itiseasy/difficult/hard/foolish/unwise/right/wrong/unnecessaryitis+a+名詞+todo...Itisapity/apleasure/apleasantthing/one’sduty/anhonor/ashame/acrime/noeasyjob…todoIttakes(sb.)sometime/courage/patience…todo…Itrequirescourage/patience/hardwork…todo…_注意:probable和possible均可作表語(yǔ)，但possible可以用不定式作真實(shí)主語(yǔ)，而probable不能用不定式作真實(shí)主語(yǔ)。主語(yǔ)是以aimdutyhopeideaintentionplanjobsuggestionwishpurposetask等為中心詞的名詞詞組或以what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句表示，后面的不定式說(shuō)明其內(nèi)容,不定式作表語(yǔ)常表示將來(lái)或現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。eg:Myideaistoclimbthemountainfromthenorth.Yourmistakewasnottowritethatletter.WhatIwouldsuggestistostartworkatonce.三、動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)以不定式結(jié)構(gòu)為賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：ask,agree,care,choose,demand,d