湖南省郴州市養(yǎng)正中學(xué)高三英語模擬試題含解析

湖南省郴州市養(yǎng)正中學(xué)高三英語模擬試題含解析一、選擇題1.________WuPingisapersonwhoiswillingtohelp，hedoesn’thavemuchtimeavailable，Iamafraid．A．Since

B．When

C．While

D．Unless參考答案：C2.YesterdayIsawawoman______inthestreet,withalittleboy______onhershoulder.A.walking;seating

B.walk;satC.walking;seated

D.towalk;sitting參考答案：C第一格空是seesb.Doing結(jié)構(gòu),應(yīng)用walking；第二個(gè)空作賓語補(bǔ)足語，表示小男孩是坐著的。故C是最佳答案。3.Soconvenient______topaybycreditcardthatmoreandmorepeopleapplyfortheircreditcards.

A.dopeoplefind

B.peoplefindit

C.findpeople

D.dopeoplefindit參考答案：D略4.——Haven’tyoubeentoFrance?YouspeakverygoodFrench.

——________.Ijust_______FrenchforfouryearsinZhejiangUniversity.A.No;study

B.No;studied

C.Yes;havestudiedD.Yes;studied原創(chuàng)，命題意圖：第一空考查否定疑問句的回答；第二空考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)，看到forfouryears學(xué)生容易選擇完成時(shí)態(tài)參考答案：b略5.Whatifwemeetwithasituation

noneofusareabletodealwith?

A．where

B．inwhich

C．what

D．that參考答案：D略6.

---Look!Thetelephoneisbroken.Someonedamagedit________purpose.

---Thatmayberight.Butperhapsitwasbroken_________accident.

A.on;by

B.by;by

C.on;on

D.by;on參考答案：A7.—Areyougoingtotheconcerttonight?—IshouldhavetoldyouthatIwon’t,______?

A．haven’tyou

B．shouldn’tyou

C．a(chǎn)reyou

D．willyou參考答案：C略8.--Whatdoesthesignoverthereread?--Noperson_____smokeorcarryalightedcigarette,cigarorpipeinthepublicplaces.A.will

B.may

C.shall

D.must參考答案：C9.WhatlessonsChinacandrawfrom_______globalfinancialcrisishasbecome_______hottopicamongusstudents. A．the;a

B．/;a

C．a(chǎn);the

D．/;the

參考答案：A31.Recyclingisonewaytoprotecttheenvironment;reusingis

A.another

B.theother

C.oneanother

D.one參考答案：A11.You’llstarthavingpositiveresults

youreplacenegativethoughtswithpositiveones. A．since B．unless C．until D．once參考答案：D12.Ourmonitorisalwaysfulfillinghistasksatanamazingspeed,

beyondourreachA.it

B．this

C.one

D.theone參考答案：C13.Ithinkourschoolis_________.

A.worthvisitingit.

B.worthyofavisit

C.worthyofvisiting

D.worthwhilevisitingit參考答案：B14.HeboastedasifhisfatherwerethemostsuccessfulstockbrokeronWallStreetand________instockmarketformanyyears,butinfacthisfatherknewlittleaboutfinanceandeconomy.A.invested B.hadinvested C.wouldhaveinvested D.wouldinvest參考答案：B15.OnSept.26,2013，Xiangpu

Railwaywasopentothepublic，______thebeginningofhigh—speedRailwayinSanmingCity．

A．marking

B．marked

C．havingmarked

D．tomark

參考答案：A16._______workdidwehavetodothatweweresoexhausted.A.Toomuch

B.Somuch

C.Toolittle

D.Solittle

參考答案：B17.—Veronica,canIgetyousomethingtodrink?

—______.A.It'suptoyou. B.Iwouldn'tmindacoffee.C.Thatdepends. D.I'dloveto.參考答案：B18._____theeffectofcultureshock，heistryingtoreadalotaboutitbeforegoingtoFranceforfurtherstudy．（）A．Toreduce B．ReducedC．Reducing D．Havingreduced參考答案：A．為了減少文化沖擊的影響，在到法國深造前他正盡力閱讀大量的關(guān)于文化沖擊的信息．本題考查動(dòng)詞不定式表示目的．根據(jù)句子語境判斷"readalotaboutit（閱讀大量的關(guān)于文化沖擊的信息）"的"目的"是"減少文化沖擊"，所以需要的是表示目的動(dòng)詞不定式，故答案選擇A．首先判斷選項(xiàng)中的動(dòng)詞在句中是以謂語還是非謂語形式出現(xiàn)，然后根據(jù)選項(xiàng)在句中的功能結(jié)合非謂語的基本用法做出合理的判斷．要關(guān)注常見非謂語動(dòng)詞的搭配．19.Youhaveatrendyhaircut.I’vebeenmeaningtoaskyou_______yougetyourhaircut.

A.what B.that C.where D.how參考答案：C二、完型填空20.Children’sbooksarefilledwithfantasticfriendshipsbetweenhumansandbeasts.Fromayoungage,welearnthatifatigercomesforteaweshouldexpectittoeatalloursandwiches,andifaPeruvianbear___41___forlunchwehadbetterhavesomemarmalade(柑橘醬)inthecupboard.Inthisfantasyworld,wecancoexistpeacefullywithlargemammals.___42___,inreallife,youngpeoplearehavingfewerwildinteractionsthaneverbefore.Inpartthisisaresultof___43___screentimeanddecreasedaccesstowildspaces.Perhapsitdoesn’thelpthatmanycountriesdroveouttheirmostexciting___44___—bearsandwolves—centuriesago.Hadtheynot,morepeopleinthedevelopedworldmightnowbefacingsimilarproblemstothoseinNovayaZemlya.TheplaygroundsofthisremoteRussianarchipelago(俄羅斯半島)wererecently___45___byagroupofhungrypolarbears,drivenintohumansettlementsinsearchoffoodand___46___afterrisingtemperaturesdestroyedthelasthospitableslicesoftheArcticseaice.It’sthesamestoryweseeacrosstheworld:habitat___47___drivingelephantstoattackcrops,humansettlementsspreadingintotigerterritory,andpeoplelosingtheirlivestobigcats.TheIncidentofthePolarBearinthePlaygroundisnota/an___48___consequencestoTheHumansWhoMeltedtheIceCaps.WehaveknownforyearsthatArctictemperaturesarerisingat___49___rates.Itshouldcomeasnosurprisethatthepolarbearswehaveforcedtoleavetheirnaturalhomeshave____50____shoutingathumans’frontdoorsinsearchoftheirbasicrequirementsforsurvival.Unfortunately,theyaremore____51____tobemetwiththebusinessendofashotgunthanamarmaladesandwich.Andwhocancriticizethepeopleinthemainsettlement,BelushyaGuba,forwantingtoprotectthemselves?We’vehadyearsto____52____theseissues.Thisisnotanunusual____53____butthelatestinalist

ofincreasinglyfrequenthuman/polarbearincidents.Andit’spartofanevenlongerlistofrapidlygrowingareaswherethereishuman/wildlifeconflict.Wecan’t____54____thelocalresidentsofNovayaZemlyafortheirquiettownbecomingabearrefugeecamp.Theyarenottheonesburningfossilfuels,____55____farmingcowsandflyingacrosstheworldforbusinessmeetings.It’salmostalwaysthecasethatthosemakingthedecisionsthataremostseriousfortheenvironmentarethefurthestfromtheconsequences.41.A.dropsin B.makesup C.carrieson D.reachesout42.A.Therefore B.Meanwhile C.Otherwise D.Furthermore43.A.accumulated B.wasted C.increased D.fixed44.A.immigrants B.citizens C.locals D.inhabitants45.A.invaded B.searched C.deserted D.surrounded46.A.caves B.territory C.companions D.shelter47.A.range B.formation C.loss D.selection48.A.profound B.severe C.unexpected D.upset49.A.moderate B.horrifying C.similar D.varying50.A.stuckto B.goneon C.endedup D.protestedat51.A.reluctant B.likely C.desperate D.confident52.A.examine B.report C.identify D.address53.A.occurrence B.escape C.presence D.exploration54.A.admire B.reward C.respect D.blame55.A.intensively B.realistically C.specifically D.practically參考答案：41.A

42.B

43.C

44.D

45.A

46.D

47.C

48.C

49.B

50.C

51.B

52.D

53.A

54.D

55.A這是一篇說明文。我們想象著可以與大型哺乳動(dòng)物和平共處，與此同時(shí)，在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中，年輕一代接觸野生動(dòng)物比以往任何時(shí)候都少。人類不斷占據(jù)動(dòng)物的生存空間，隨著人類對環(huán)境的破壞，同時(shí)也使動(dòng)物本來就狹小的生存空間遭到了破壞。動(dòng)物與人類和平共處的局面不斷被打破，動(dòng)物不斷侵入人類的居住區(qū)域?qū)ふ沂澄锖捅幼o(hù)所，等待它們的是人類的獵槍。直接遭難的是當(dāng)?shù)氐膮^(qū)民，而那些做出破壞環(huán)境的決策者卻免受其難。人類應(yīng)該反思對環(huán)境的破壞?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。A.dropsin順便拜訪；B.makesup組成；C.carrieson繼續(xù)；D.reachesout伸出。句意：從很小的時(shí)候，我們就知道如果老虎來吃茶點(diǎn)，我們期望它把我們所有的三明治都吃掉；如果秘魯?shù)男軄沓晕顼?，我們最好在櫥柜里放些橘子醬。由“atigercomesfortea”可知，come與dropin為同義詞。故A選項(xiàng)切題?！?2題詳解】考查副詞辨析。A.Therefore因此；B.Meanwhile與此同時(shí)；C.Otherwise否則；D.Furthermore此外。句意：與此同時(shí)，在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中，年輕一代接觸野生動(dòng)物比以往任何時(shí)候都少。Meanwhile“與此同時(shí)”表示兩種情況同時(shí)在進(jìn)行。故B選項(xiàng)切題?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.accumulated積累；B.wasted浪費(fèi)；C.increased增加；D.fixed固定。句意：這在一定程度上是由于年輕一代花費(fèi)在電子產(chǎn)品屏幕前的時(shí)間在增加，減少了進(jìn)入野外的機(jī)會(huì)。由“inreallife,youngpeoplearehavingfewerwildinteractionsthaneverbefore.”可知，在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中，年輕一代接觸野生動(dòng)物比以往任何時(shí)候都少是因?yàn)槟贻p一代花費(fèi)在電子產(chǎn)品屏幕前的時(shí)間在增加。故C選項(xiàng)切題?！?4題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.immigrants移民；B.citizens公民；C.locals當(dāng)?shù)厝耍籇.inhabitants(某地的)居民，棲息動(dòng)物。句意：幾個(gè)世紀(jì)前，許多國家驅(qū)逐了令他們恐懼的常住居民——熊和狼，這也許于事無補(bǔ)。熊和狼本是常住居民，人類擴(kuò)張自己的生存空間，占領(lǐng)了動(dòng)物的居住地，驅(qū)除了它們。故D選項(xiàng)切題?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.invaded侵略；B.searched搜查；C.deserted遺棄；D.surrounded包圍。句意：最近，這個(gè)偏遠(yuǎn)的俄羅斯半島旅游勝地被一群饑餓的北極熊入侵，氣溫升高摧毀了最后一片適宜生存的北極海冰后，它們被驅(qū)趕到人類居住區(qū)域?qū)ふ沂澄锖捅幼o(hù)所。由“hungry，destroy”可知，氣溫升高摧毀了最后一片適宜生存的北極海冰，它們失去了食物的來源，迫使他們進(jìn)入人們的居住地，對于人類來說，這些不速之客入侵了人類的居住地。故A選項(xiàng)切題?！?6題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.caves山洞；B.territory領(lǐng)地；C.companions同伴；D.shelter避難所。句意：最近，俄羅斯半島上偏遠(yuǎn)的旅游勝地被一群饑餓的北極熊入侵，氣溫升高摧毀了最后一片適宜生存的北極海冰后，它們被驅(qū)趕到人類居住區(qū)尋找食物和庇護(hù)所。氣溫升高摧毀了最后一片適宜生存的北極海冰，它們失去了食物的來源，失去了棲身之所，所以它們才被驅(qū)趕到人類居住區(qū)域?qū)ふ沂澄锖捅幼o(hù)所。故D選項(xiàng)切題?！?7題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.range山脈；B.formation形成；C.loss喪失；D.selection選擇。句意：我們在全世界都看到了同樣的情況：棲息地喪失導(dǎo)致大象破壞莊稼，人類聚居地?cái)U(kuò)展到老虎的領(lǐng)地，人們死于大型貓科動(dòng)物之下。由“attackcrops,humansettlementsspreadingintotigerterritory,andpeoplelosingtheirlivestobigcats.可知，大象破壞莊稼，人類聚居地?cái)U(kuò)展到老虎的領(lǐng)地，人們死于大型貓科動(dòng)物之下。這些都是由于環(huán)境遭到破壞，使得動(dòng)物的棲息地喪失所導(dǎo)致的。故C選項(xiàng)切題?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.profound深刻的；B.severe嚴(yán)厲的；C.unexpected沒有預(yù)料到的；D.upset焦慮的。句意：北極熊入侵事件對“融化冰蓋”的人類來說并不是意外的結(jié)果。由下文可知，我們一直都知道北極的氣溫正在以驚人的速度上升，北極熊的棲息地被破壞。北極熊入侵事件對“融化冰蓋”的人類來說并不是意外的結(jié)果，而是預(yù)料之中的結(jié)果。所以故C選項(xiàng)切題?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.moderate溫和的；B.horrifying令人震驚的；C.similar相似的；D.varying不同的。句意：多年來，我們一直都知道北極的氣溫正在以驚人的速度上升。horrifying“令人震驚的”表示北極的氣溫上升速度很快，也說明了北極熊入侵人類居住地的原因，更反映出人類對環(huán)境破壞的程度之深，速度之快。故B選項(xiàng)切題?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。A.stuckto堅(jiān)持；B.goneon繼續(xù)；C.endedup結(jié)束；D.protestedat抗議。句意：毫不奇怪，我們迫使北極熊離開自己的家園，它們卻最終在人類的門前吼叫，尋找它們生存的基本要求。人類迫使北極熊離開自己的家園，現(xiàn)在又破壞了他們現(xiàn)在生存的家園，最終導(dǎo)致北極熊入侵人類的居住地。這體現(xiàn)了一種因果關(guān)系。故C選項(xiàng)切題。【51題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.reluctant勉強(qiáng)的；B.likely可能的；C.desperate絕望的；D.confident自信的。句意：不幸的是，等待他們的更有可能是被獵槍打死而不是吃到美味的果醬三明治。由“fortunately”可知，等待他們的更有可能是被獵槍打死。它們更有可能被獵槍打死是人類對待動(dòng)物的普遍做法。belikelytodo“可能做某事”。故B選項(xiàng)切題?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.examine檢查；B.report報(bào)告；C.identify識(shí)別；D.address處理。句意：我們已經(jīng)用了好幾年的時(shí)間來解決這些問題。根據(jù)常識(shí)可以判斷，對動(dòng)物入侵人類的居住地，人類一定會(huì)采取措施來解決這個(gè)問題。但從取得的效果看來，不理想，這反映出人與動(dòng)物之間的矛盾沒有得到解決。故D選項(xiàng)切題。【53題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.occurrence發(fā)生；B.escape逃跑；C.presence出現(xiàn)；D.exploration探索。句意：這不是一個(gè)不尋常的事件，而是一系列越來越頻繁的人類/北極熊事件中的最新一次。故A選項(xiàng)切題。【54題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A.admire羨慕；B.reward回報(bào)；C.respect尊重；D.blame責(zé)備。句意：我們不能因?yàn)镹ovayaZemlya安靜的城鎮(zhèn)變成了熊的難民營就責(zé)備當(dāng)?shù)厝恕１揪涞难酝庵馐牵覀儾粦?yīng)該責(zé)備NovayaZemlya的居民，他們也是受害者，應(yīng)該被責(zé)備的那些破壞環(huán)境的決策者。故D選項(xiàng)切題?！?5題詳解】考查副詞辨析。A.intensively集約地；B.realistically現(xiàn)實(shí)地；C.specifically具體地；D.practically實(shí)際地。句意：他們畢竟不是那些燃燒化石燃料、密集飼養(yǎng)奶牛、飛遍世界參加商務(wù)會(huì)議的人。這里列舉了燃燒化石燃料和密集飼養(yǎng)奶牛，這都是破壞環(huán)境的例子。所以intensively“集約地”符合語境。故A選項(xiàng)切題。

21.Apolicemanwaswalkingalongthestreet.Inthedoorwayofashop,amanwasstandinginthe41light,withanunlightedcigarinhismouth.Thepoliceman42andthenwalkeduptotheman.“I’mjustwaitingforafriendhere,”themansaid“It’sa(n)43madetwentyyearsago.”Themanstruckamatchand44hiscigar.Thelight45apalefacewithalittlewhitescar(疤)nearhisrighteye.“Twentyyearsagotonight,whenIsaidgoodbyetoJimmyWells,mybestfriendto46fortheWesttomakemyfortune,we47wewouldmeethereagainexactlytwentyyears48thatdateandtime.”“Ihopeyourfriendwillcomearoundsoon.”saidthepoliceman,49.Twentyminuteslater,a(n)tallmanhurriedacrossthestreet.Hewentdirectlytothewaitingman.“Isthatyou,Bob?”heasked.“JimmyWells?”50themanwithexcitement.“Youhave51,Jimmy.Ineverthoughtyouweresotall.”Whentheybothlookedateachother52,themansaidsuddenly“You’renotJimmyWells.Twentyyearsisalongtime,53notlongenoughtochangeaman’s54.”“Itsometimeschangesagoodmanintoa55one,”saidthetallman.“Youareunder56now.Well,hereisanotefromyourfriend.”Hishandwassteadywhenhebegantoread,butit57alittlebythetimehehadfinished.Itreads:“Bob:Iwasattheappointedplace58

.WhenyoulightedyourcigarIsawitwasthefaceoftheman59byChicagopolice.60Icouldn’tcatchmyself,soIwentaroundandgotaplainclothesmantodothejob.”

41.A.dark

B.bright

C.dim

D.color1ful

42.A.sloweddown

B.pickedout

C.wenton

D.hurriedup43.A.mistake

B.time

C.trade

D.appointment

44.A.stopped

B.lighted

C.burnt

D.dropped

45.A.formed

B.appeared

C.relieved

D.showed

46.A.start

B.work

C.look

D.search

47.A.insisted

B.preferred

C.agreed

D.suggested

48.A.for

B.from

C.later

D.at

49.A.speedingup

B.comingto

C.pullingoff

D.movingaway

50.A.cried

B.smiled C.wept

D.choked

51.A.grew

B.achieved

C.changed

D.became

52.A.clearly

B.surprisingly

C.quickly

D.happily

53.A.but

B.and

C.or D.while

54.A.character

B.face

C.quality

D.size

55.A.successful

B.ordinary

C.tall

D.bad

56.A.discussion

B.control

C.arrest

D.inspiration

57.A.trembled

B.struggled

C.escaped

D.understood

58.A.inadvance

B.ontime

C.beforelong

D.soonerorlater59.A.asked

B.wanted C.described

D.caught

60.A.Anywhere

B.Though

C.However

D.Anyway參考答案：41.C42.A43.D44.B45.D46.A47.C48.B49.D50.A51.C52.A53.A54.B55.D56.C57.A58.B59.B60.D試題分析：最好的朋友二十年以后相見的方式。41.C考查形容詞。A.dark黑暗的；B.bright明亮的；C.dim昏暗的；D.color1ful富有色彩的。因?yàn)镮nthedoorwayofashop可知光線應(yīng)該是昏暗的，故選C。

42.A考查動(dòng)詞詞組。A.sloweddown（使）慢下來；B.pickedout分辨出，挑選；C.wenton繼續(xù)；D.hurriedup匆忙。警察減慢速度，然后向那個(gè)男人靠近。故選A。43.D考查名詞。A.mistake錯(cuò)誤；B.time時(shí)間；C.trade交易；D.appointment約定。我在等一個(gè)朋友，這是二十年前的約定。故選D。makeanappointmentwithsb.與某人有一個(gè)約定。故選D。44.B考查動(dòng)詞。A.stopped停止；B.lighted點(diǎn)燃；C.burnt燃燒；D.dropped使落下。這個(gè)男人劃了一根火柴，點(diǎn)燃雪茄。故選B。

49.D考查動(dòng)詞短語。A.speedingup加速；B.comingto來到---；C.pullingoff推離；D.movingaway移開?！拔蚁Ｍ愕呐笥巡痪脮?huì)回來的”，警察說著走開了。故選D。

50.A考查動(dòng)詞。A.cried哭；B.smiled微笑；C.wept哭泣；D.choked使窒息。因?yàn)槎瓴灰?，所以是興奮地哭喊道。故選A。

51.C考查動(dòng)詞。A.grew成長；B.achieved取得；C.changed改變；D.became變成。你變了，我從沒想到你會(huì)這么高。故選C。

52.A考查副詞。A.clearly清晰地，無疑地；B.surprisingly令人驚訝地；C.quickly快速地；D.happily高興地。他們兩個(gè)人無意地互相看著，突然這個(gè)男士說，“你不是JimmyWells”。故選A。

53.A考查并列連詞。A.but但是；B.and和；C.or或者，否者；D.while然而。二十年是一個(gè)長的時(shí)間，但是并不足夠長改變一個(gè)人的臉。此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折，故選A。

54.B考查名詞。A.character性格；B.face臉；C.quality品質(zhì)；D.size尺寸、大小。二十年是一個(gè)長的時(shí)間，但是并不足夠長改變一個(gè)人的臉。故選B。55.D考查形容詞。A.successful成功的；B.ordinary普通的；C.tall高的；D.bad壞的。它有時(shí)把一個(gè)好人變成一個(gè)壞人。故選D。56.C考查名詞。A.discussion討論；B.control控制；C.arrest逮捕；D.inspiration靈感。你現(xiàn)在被捕了，這是來自你朋友的一張便條。故選C。

【名師點(diǎn)撥】1.在做完形填空時(shí)一定要注意and/but/so/besides/however/furthermore/moreover/inaddition/what’smore等詞匯、固定結(jié)構(gòu)的運(yùn)用。它們連接了上下文，起著承上起下的作用。像but（但是）、however（然而），表示轉(zhuǎn)折，這說明前后的內(nèi)容相反或相對。把握住這一點(diǎn)，做起題來就會(huì)得心應(yīng)手。53.A考查并列連詞。A.but但是；B.and和；C.or或者，否者；D.while然而。二十年是一個(gè)長的時(shí)間，但是并不足夠長改變一個(gè)人的臉。此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折，故選A。

2.上下文對照，抓關(guān)鍵詞。解完型填空題時(shí)，單獨(dú)看一句話是找不到正確答案的，需要閱讀下句或者若干句才能明白。所謂上下對照，即在上文和下文中找到與正確答案相同的關(guān)鍵詞。因此，在做題時(shí)要邊讀邊在大腦中儲(chǔ)存上下文信息的能力，捕捉關(guān)鍵詞。58.B考查詞組。A.inadvance提前；B.ontime按時(shí)；C.beforelong不久；D.soonerorlater遲早。我按時(shí)到了預(yù)定地點(diǎn)，當(dāng)你點(diǎn)燃雪茄時(shí)我看到了警察想找的那張男人的臉。故選B。三、閱讀理解22.ElNi?o,aSpanishtermfor“theChristchild”,wasnamedbySouthAmericanfishermanwhonoticedthattheglobalweatherpattern,whichhappenseverytwotosevenyears,reducedtheamountoffishescaughtaroundChristmas.ElNi?oseeswarmwater,collectedoverseveralyearsinthewesternPacific,flowbackeastwardswhenwindsthatnormallyblowwestwardsweaken,orsometimestheotherwayround.Theweathereffectsbothgoodandbad,arefeltinmanyplaces.RichcountriesgainmorefrompowerfulNi?os,onbalance,thantheylose.AstudyfoundthatastrongNi?oin1997-98helpedAmerican’seconomygrowby$15billion,partlybecauseofbetteragriculturalharvests:farmersintheMidwestgainedfromextrarain.Thetotalriseinagriculturalincomesinrichcountriesingreaterthanthefallinpoorones.ButinIndonesiaextremelydryforestsareinflames.Amulti-yeardrought(干旱）insouth-eastBrazilisbecomingworse.ThoughheavyrainsbroughtaboutbyElNi?omayrelievethedroughtinCalifornia,theyarelikelytocausesurfacefloodingandotherdisasters.ThemostrecentpowerfulNi?o,in1997-98,killedaround21,000peopleandcauseddamageworth$36billionaroundtheglobe.ButsuchNi?oscomewithmonthsofwarning,andsomuchisknownabouthowtheyhappenthatgovernmentscanprepare.AccordingtotheOverseasDevelopmentInstitute(ODI),however,just12%ofdisaster-relieffundinginthepasttwodecadeshasgoneonreducingrisksinadvance,ratherthanrecoveryandrebuildingafterwards.Thisisdespiteevidencethatadollarspentonrisk-reductionsavesatleasttwoonreconstruction.Simpleimprovementstoinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施）canreducethespreadofdisease.Bettersewers(下水道）makeitlesslikelythatheavyrainisfollowedbyanoutbreakofthediseaseofbadstomach.Strongerbridgesmeanvillagesarelesslikelytobeleftwithoutfoodandmedicineafterfloods.Accordingtoapaperin2011byMrHsiangandco-authors,civilconflictisrelatedtoElNi?o’sharmfuleffects—andthepoorerthecountry,thestrongerthelink.Thoughtherelationshipmaynotbecausal,helpingdividedcommunitiestopreparefordisasterswouldatleastreducetheriskthatthosedisastersarefollowedbykillingandwoundingpeople.SincethepoorestareleastlikelytomakeupfortheirlossesfromdisasterslinkedtoElNi?o,reducingtheirlossesneedstobethepriority.61.WhatcanwelearnaboutElNi?oinParagraph1?A.ItisnamedafteraSouthAmericanfisherman.B.Ittakesplacealmosteveryyearallovertheworld.C.ItforcesfishermentostopcatchingfisharoundChristmas.D.Itseesthechangesofwaterflowdirectionintheocean.62.WhatmayElNi?osbringabouttothecountriesaffected?A.Agriculturalharvestsinrichcountriesfall.B.Droughtsbecomemoreharmfulthanfloods.C.Richcountries’gainsaregreaterthantheirlosses.D.Poorcountriessufferlessfromdroughtseconomically.63.ThedataprovidedbyODIinParagraph4suggestthat

.A.moreinvestmentshouldgotoriskreductionB.governmentsofpoorcountriesneedmoreaidC.victimsofElNi?odeservemorecompensationD.recoveryandreconstructionshouldcomefirst64.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.TointroduceElNi?oanditsorigin.B.ToexplaintheconsequencesofElNi?o.C.ToshowwaysoffightingagainstElNi?o.D.TourgepeopletoprepareforElNi?o.參考答案：61.D62.C63.A64.D【名師點(diǎn)睛】本文屬于閱讀理解中的目的意圖題。作者在描述事實(shí)或傳遞信息時(shí),不管他的意圖是什么,其觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度都不可避免地在文章中反映出來?常見的涉及到作者態(tài)度的詞有褒義類詞（approving,

positive,

optimistic,等），貶義類詞(critical,

pessimistic,

doubtful,

questioning)和中性類詞(indifferent,

serious,

objective,

concerned,

neutral)。這就要求考生在閱讀時(shí)應(yīng)特別注意文章的措辭，尤其注意那些表達(dá)感情色彩的形容詞如improving,encouraging,disappointing,fail,ignore等，以及作者對人物語言、行為和思想的描寫，從中領(lǐng)悟作者的寫作意圖和態(tài)度。本文最后一句SincethepoorestareleastlikelytomakeupfortheirlossesfromdisasterslinkedtoElNino,reducingtheirlossesneedstobethepriority.既然最貧窮的國家最不可能從厄爾尼諾這樣的災(zāi)難中得到彌補(bǔ)，那么我們要把減少損失放在首要位置。從本句的措詞中可以看出本文正是要督促我們要為可能發(fā)生的厄爾尼諾做好準(zhǔn)備。23.閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。WesternNewBridgeLibraryAnnouncementShortenedLibraryHoursforSpringBreakLibraryHourshavebeenshortenedto7hoursaday(9∶00a.m.4∶00p.m.)forSpringBreakfromMarch24toMarch30.ComingEvents◆OnMonday,March24,at10∶30a.m.,ScottSutton,achildren’swriter,willtellstoriestokidsoverseven.Sutton’sattractivestylewillsurelyinspireeveryonepresent！◆At2∶00p.m.,onMarch25,alecturewillbedeliveredinRoom201,whichfocusesonthedevelopmentofwritingskill.Famoustutorsfromthedistrictwon’tdisappointyou.◆At1∶00p.m.，onMarch26,theGeorgetownMusicianswillpresentanIrishFolkConcert,whichwillbeentertainingfortheentirefamily.Comeforthemusicandstaytocheckoutsomerelevantbooksfortherestoftheweek！◆OnThursday,March27,at2∶00p.m.,theannualChildren’sGath