北京市西城區(qū)三年（2020-2022）中考英語(yǔ)模擬卷分題型匯編-03閱讀理解

北京市西城區(qū)三年(2020—2022)中考英語(yǔ)模擬卷分題型分層

匯編-03閱讀理解

一、閱讀單選

（2022?北京西城?統(tǒng)考二模）Humansarehurtingtheplanetanddestroyingthe

environment.Changeneedstohappenateverylevelofsociety.WeareholdingCalltoEarth

Daytoaskyoutodosomethinggoodtoprotecttheenvironment.

WhatisCalltoEarthDay?

CalltoEarthDayisamovementthatstressesenvironmentalprotection.AcrossTVand

ourwebsite,therearestoriesaboutouramazingplanetandthepeoplewhoareprotectingit.

HowcanIbeinvolved?

Everyoneisinvited.Wecanallplayaroleincreatingamovementforgood.Youhaveto

dosomethingtoprotecttheenvironment.Weareaskingyoutothinkbig,getcreative,and

makeyoureventinfluential.

WhatkindofeventcanIhold?

Theeventyouchoosetoholdisuptoyou,butitshouldfocusoncreatingahealthier

Encouragekidstocreateworksofartbasedontheirlocalenvironment.

?

wHowTo../9sessions

Holdworkshopsorlessonsoneverydayskillslikerecyclingandreducingfoodwaste.

Visitourwebsiteformoreinformation:www.calltoearthday.com

1.WhatisCalltoEarthDay?

A.Amovement.B.Afestival.C.ATVprogram.D.Anorganization.

2.WhyisCalltoEarthDayheld?

A.Toteachchildrentobecomecreative.B.Toaskpeopletoprotecttheenvironment.

C.Toencourageotherstoworkforthecommunity.D.Totellthepublictheimportanceof

socialevents.

3.Intheevent“Artprojects”,youcan.

A.watchandsharebeautifulvideosB.teacheverydayskillslikerecycling

C.encouragekidstocreateworksofartD.helpremovelitterfromyourhometown

（2022?北京西城?統(tǒng)考二模）

Theworld'sleadingresearchersarestudyingoursenses.Fromtheconnectionbetween

tasteandsmell,totheideaof"scent（氣味）training",there'ssomuchmorethanwethinkto

oursenseofsmell.

Yoursenseofsmellislargelyresponsibleforyourabilitytotastefood.t4Flavor（味道）

isreallyanexperiencethatjoinswhathappensonyourtonguewithsmell,“saysaprofessor

attheUniversityofYork,UK."Whenyouputsomethinginyourmouth,themolecules（分子）

gointoyournose.Maybeyourtonguecantellthere'sfatinthatchocolate,andthafs

somethingthebrainfindsverysatisfying,buttheformalchocolateexperiencecomesfromall

themoleculesgoingintoyournose.^^

Womenout-performmenwhenbothgroupsareaskedtotellacertainnumberof

scents

Thatholdstrueacrossallagegroups.Thisisbecausewomenarebetteratnoticinga

smellandbetteratdescribingitwithlanguage.Researchshowsthatwhenpeoplewereasked

tomemorizeeightscentsandwerethengivenascenttest,thewomenwerebetterabletotell

whetherornotascentwasoneoftheonesthathadbeenmemorized.Womenwerealsobetter

atrecognizingthescentsbyname.

Youreatinghabitsmaychangebecauseofthelossofsmell

“Youthink,41rememberhowthistastedinthepast.Iguesstheydon'thavethesame

tastytomatoesormeatanymore,'"saysaresearcher.44Butinfact,it'syoursenseofsmellthat

maybeworkingless."Losingthesenseofsmellislikelyage-relatedorcausedbyacold.

Thelossofsmellmayevenchangepeople'seatinghabits.Somepeoplewillloseinterest

ineatingordon'twanttoeatwiththeirfriends.Otherswillstarteatinglotsofjunkfood,

spices,salt,totrytomakeeatingmoreenjoyable.

Scenttrainingmightprotectoursenseofsmell

Thelossofsmellisnottheendoftheworld.Someresearchsuggeststhatscenttraining

mightprotectoursenseofsmell.Bybreathinginstrongsmellsonpurposeforseveralweeks,

peoplebecomemoresensitive（敏感的）toallscentsandimprovetheirabilitytosmell.

ResearchersfoundtheMRIbrainimagesofpeopleundergoingscenttraininggotthickerin

thepartsofthebrainresponsiblefordealingwiththeroleofscent,whichmeansit'snotjusta

nosethatistrained,it'sthewholebrain.

4.Whatisresponsibleforflavorwhenyoueatsomething?

A.Theteethandbrain.B.Thenoseandtongue.

C.Thebrainandnose.D.Thetongueandteeth.

5.Whatcanweknowaboutthesenseofsmellfromthepassage?

A.Scenttrainingcanhelpmensmellmorethings.

B.Womenaremorecreativeaboutnamingscents.

C.Womenarebetterthanmenatrecognizingscents.

D.Braintrainingcanimprovemen'sabilitytosmell.

6.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.WhatyousmellmaynotberealB.Unlockfactsaboutthesenseofsmell

C.HowtodevelopagoodsenseoftasteD.Morethanyouthinktothesenseoftaste

（2022?北京西城?統(tǒng)考二模）

Theperfectbirthdaypresent

TobywatchedtheadvertisementforthenewSuperRobotman.Itwashalfman,half

machineandcouldtransformintoanairplane,aboat,andaracecar.

“Dad!Look!^^Tobypointedtothetelevisionscreen."That'swhatIwantformybirthday.

CanIgetone?Please!”

"We'Hsee."Dadsaid.44Yourbirthdayisonlytwoweeksaway.Newtoyslikethiscanbe

hardtofindsometimes.”

“Hardtofind?ButifsonTV.”

Dadlaughed,"That'swhatwillmakeitdifficulttofind.Everyonewillbelookingtobuy

it.”

“Everyone?”Tobythought.Wellthen,he'dtelleveryonethathewantedaSuperRobot

man.Someonewouldbeabletofinditthen,right?

Beforebed,TobycalledhisgrandparentsandtoldthemallabouttheSuperRobotman.

Thenheaddedanoteatthebottomofeachpartyinvitationsothatallhisfriendswouldknow

hewantedaSuperRobotman.

Fortwoweeks,allhetalkedaboutwastheSuperRobotmanandallthecoolthingsit

coulddo.HisfriendsandfamilynoddedandsmiledasTobywentonandonabouthowitwas

theperfectbirthdaypresent.

Thebigdayfinallycame.Tobygotalotofpresents.Heopenedthefirstpresent.t4A

SuperRobotman!”Tobywasexcited,buteveryoneelselookedworried."What'swrong?^^he

asked.

Dadhandedhimabox."Ithinkyoushouldopenanotherpresent.^^

Tobyopenedit."AnotherSuperRobotman?”

Hisfatherhandedhimmoreboxes.EachonehadaSuperRobotman.Tobylaughed.

guessIgotwhatIaskedfor."Hehandedanactionfiguretoeachofhisfriends."Nowweall

haveone.Lefsgotrythemout.^^

“You'renotupset?”Momasked.

“WhywouldIbe?IgotwhatIwanted,andnowallmyfriendshaveonetoo.Itwasthe

perfectbirthday.^^

7.WhatpresentdidTobywantforhisbirthday?

A.Aracecar.B.Anairplane.C.Aboat.D.ASuperRobot

man.

8.WhatdidTobydotogethisdreambirthdaypresent?

A.Hecalledhisfriendstotellthemwhathewanted.

B.Hekepttalkingaboutitwithhisfamilyandfriends.

C.Hetoldhisgrandparentswhathewantedintheinvitation.

D.Hewroteanotetotellhismotherwhathewantedforhisbirthday.

9.HowdidTobyfeelafterheopenedallthepresents?

A.Worried.B.Upset.C.Peaceful.D.Happy.

（2022?北京西城?統(tǒng)考二模）It'scertainlygoodtobenice.Whetherit'shelpingafriend

withhomework,watchingtheirfavoriteshowsevenifthey'renotyourthingorgivingupa

littletimeandenergytodosomethingforafriendisapraiseworthydecision.Or,onemight

bethebiggerpersonandagreetolaketheshorlendoftheslickinanargument,alltosatisfy

othersandavoidfurtherproblems.Still,weneedtocontrolourniceness:nicenessisvaluable,

butit'sdefinitelynotwithoutdownsides.

Tobeclear.Tmnotadvocating（倡導(dǎo)）forselfishness.Infact,Tdencourageeveryoneto

dosmallfavorsforthepeopletheycareabout.Helpingothersmakesushappy.Italsogives

usagreatersenseofpurposeandbelonging,aswefeelmoreconnectedtothosewedofavors

for.Thesamegoesforsacrificing（犧牲）alittleonourparttoendadisagreement,which

mightfeeluncomfortableintheshortterm,butisintheendforthegreatergood.

Yet,weneedtobecarefulaboutwhereournicenesscomesfrom.Whenourdesire（渴望）

tohelpotherscomesfromaneedtobeseenasagoodorfriendlyperson,ourmotivations

（動(dòng)機(jī)）becomeincreasinglydangerous.Forexample,wemightwantotherstorelatetous,

sowesaythatweliketheirfavoritesongswhenwedon't.Beingagreeableallthetimemakes

usbecomeaproductofthepeoplearoundusinsteadofhavingourownspecialpersonality.

Additionally,avoidingunreasonableagreeabilityisevenmoreimportant.Wecan'thelp

offeringtodotoomanyfavorsbecauseourdesiretobeseenasselflessandkindoutweighs

ourworriesforourownwell-being.Ifyoualwayssupportothersemotionally,orhelpthem

withtheirstudies,thathabitmightbecomepartofhowyouviewyourself.Inotherwords,

youseeyourselfassomeonewillingtolendahandtootherswhentheyareinneed.

Agreeabilitycrossestheexperiencesofallkindsofpeople,anditcanbeespeciallytrue

withincommunitieswhereselflessnessisimportant.FrommyexperienceatHarveyMudd

College,studentsareknownforcaringforothers-offeringtohelptheirclassmateswiththeir

studies.Thiscommonviewofpeople'swillingnesstohelpcanputstressonMuddersto

sacrificetheirenergy,eveniftheydon'thavetheskillstodoso.Instead,theyshouldremind

themselvesoftheirresponsibilities,andthendecideiftheyhavetheabilitytolendahand.

Finally,makingkindnessahabitisanhonorablegoal.Butaswithallthings,moderation

（適度）iskey,andsometimes,sacrificingalittletoomuchcancausemoreharmthangood.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"taketheshortendofthestick^^inParagraph1probably

mean?

A.Saysorryfirst.B.Hittheotherperson.C.Sufferbadresults.D.Makeupfor

mistakes.

11.Unreasonableagreeabilitymaystopusfrom.

A.viewingourselvesproperlyB.havingasenseofbelonging

C.developingsocialrelationshipsD.caringaboutourownhappiness

12.Whyis"HarveyMuddCollege,,mentionedinthepassage?

A.Tospreadthespiritofselflessnesswithincommunities.

B.Toshowaneffectofwidespreadnicenessincommunities.

C.Tocriticizethestudentswhosacrificetoomuchforothers.

D.Toexplainresponsibilitiespeopleshouldtakewithincommunities.

13.Thewriterprobablyagreesthat.

A.beingnicecanmakepeopleeasilyunderstoodbyothers

B.beingselflesshelpspeopleimprovetheirsocialskills

C.peopleshouldthinktwicebeforesaying"yes”

D.peoplewhohelpothersaremorepopular

（2022?北京西城?統(tǒng)考一模）

Somepeopleareworriedthatwearingmaskswillhaveabadeffectonchildren'sability

tolearnlanguageandsocialize.Evenparentsoftenworryabouthowaschoolyearwithout

smilesmightnegatively（消極地）influencetheirchildren.

Theseworriesareunderstandable,butaccordingtoDr.Danovitch,aresearch

psychologist,whostudiesthecognitive（認(rèn)知的）andsocialdevelopmentofchildren,wearing

amaskatschoolcouldimprovecertainsocialandcognitiveskills,helpingtostrengthen

abilitieslikeself-controlandattention.Takelanguagelearningasanexample.Ifstruethat

maskscoverourmouthsandthatseeingmouthshapeandmovementhelpsbabieslearn

language.Butlearninghowtocommunicateinvolvesalotmorethanmouths.Lookingat

eyesisatleastasimportantaslookingatmouthstounderstandthepeopleyouarelookingat

andwhattheyaretryingtoexpress.Childrenalsomakeuseofothersignstofigureoutwhat

newwordsmeanandwhatotherpeoplearethinking.Aclassroomfullofpeoplewearing

masksisagreatchanceforchildrentopracticepayingattentiontothosesigns,suchasa

classmate'stoneofvoiceorateacher'sbodylanguage.

Wearingamaskcanalsohelpteachchildrentopaymoreattentiontotheirownbodies

andphysicalbehaviors.Keepingamaskonoverthecourseofaschooldayinvolvesthekind

ofself-controlthatmanychildrenfindchallenging.Needlesstosay,childrenwillnotalways

beperfectatkeepingtheirmaskson,buttheyhavetobemindfulofwhentheirmasksare

slippingdownorwhenitisOKtotakethemoff.Theresearchonself-controlsuggeststhat

childrenwhomastertheskillsneededtokeeptheirmasksonwillgrowuptobebetterat

achievingtheirlong-termgoals.

Perhapsmostimportantly,wearingmasksduringapandemic（流行?。﹊sachancefor

childrentopracticecaringfortheircommunity.Arecentstudyshowsthatchildrenunderstand

thespreadofillnessbetterthanever.Wearingamaskgivesyoungchildrentheabilitytodo

somethingtohelpprotectotherpeople.Forolderchildren,mask-wearingisawaytoteach

themaboutdutyandsacrificed西牲）.Theybelievethatitfeelsgoodtomakesacrificesfor

peopleinneed.Stressingthatthediscomfortandinconvenienceofmask-wearingareformsof

caringandpublicservicemightencouragechildrentoaddressothersocialproblemsintheir

lives.

Infact,howchildrenfeelaboutwearingmasksatschool,andhowmuchtheybenefit

fromwearingthem,aregoingtodependonhowtheparents,teachersandcaregiversaround

thempresentthetopic.Masksarehopefullynotheretostay,butwhiletheyarestillnecessary,

weshouldmakethemostofthem.

14.WhatdoesthewritertellusinParagraph2?

A.Ateacherusesbodylanguagetoteachwhatnewwordsmean.

B.Wearingmasksgiveschildrenachancetopracticepayingattention.

C.Dr.Danovitchhelpschildrenwiththeircognitiveandsocialdevelopment.

D.Lookingatthemouthmattersmorethanlookingattheeyeswhenpeopletalk.

15.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Itisunknownifmask-wearinghelpschildrenimprovesocialskills.

B.Childrenbelievethatthediscomfortofmask-wearingisacceptable.

C.People'sthoughtsandemotionsarehiddenwhentheyarewearingmasks.

D.Childrenwhoknowwhentokeeptheirmasksonwillprobablybesuccessful.

16.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.HowtoHelpChildrenDevelopSkills

B.HowtoBePerfectatKeepingMasksOn

C.WearingMasksCanHelpChildrenLearn

D.WearingMasksCanSolveSocialProblems

（2022?北京西城?統(tǒng)考一模）ItwasSaturdayandJuanwasgoingtohisfriend'shouse

fortheday.Hewassoexcited.Hethoughtitwouldbefuntobringsomevideogamestoplay

withhisfriend,Tom.

Tomlivedontheothersideofthetownanddidnotownanyvideogames.Hedidn't

reallyeverplaythem,buthedidn'twanttotellJuan.HewasafraidJuanwouldtelltheother

kidsatschool.WhenJuanarrivedandsuggestedplayingvideogames,Tomlookedabit

uncomfortable.

“Ithoughtwecouldgooutsideandplaytagorhide-and-seek,saidTom.

“Idon'tusuallyplaysuchkindofgames,“saidJuan.

“Well,wedon'thaveatelevisionoracomputerbecausemyparentsdon'thavemuch

money,andwecan'taffordthoseextrathings,soIusuallyplayold-fashionedgames,liketag

orhide-and-seek,ordodgeball.Wouldyoupleasenottellanyoneatschoolthatwearepoor?”

askedTom.

“Youshouldn'tworryaboutwhatotherpeoplethink/JuantoldTom.'Tmsurethe

gamesyouplayarejustasfunasvideogames.^^

Thetwoboyswentoutsideandbeganplayinghide-and-seek.Tom'sparentshadabig

backyardwithmanycoolplacestohide.JuanandTomplayedforoveranhour!Afterlunch,

theyplayedtag.Juanhadsomuchfun.4ishouldplaythesegamesmoreoften,hesaidto

Tom.

Threeo'clockcameandJuan'smomwastheretopickhimup.Ontheirwaybackhome,

JuantoldhismomaboutnothavingatelevisionoracomputeratTom'shome.Healsotold

herthathelearnedtoplaysomegreatgames.

“Sweetie,thereareplentyofwaystohavefunwithoutvideogames.WhenIwas

growingup,weplayedhopscotch,Juan'smomsaid.

“What'shopscotch?^^askedJuan.

“I'llshowyouwhenwegethome.Youwilllikeit."Whentheygothome,Juan'smom

showedhimhowsheplayedhopscotch.

4tThatlookslikefun!^^saidJuan."NowIhaveanothergametoaddtomy

JuannevertoldanyoneatschoolthatTomwaspoor,butthoughttohimselfthatTom

wasrichinkindnessandhonesty.

17.HowdidTomfeelwhenJuansuggestedplayingvideogames?

A.Excited.B.Unhappy.C.Interested.D.Uncomfortable.

18.WhatdidTomplaywithJuan?

A.Videogames.B.Hide-and-seek.C.Hopscotch.D.Dodgeball.

19.Fromthisexperience,Juanhaslearnedthat.

A.lifecanbefunwithoutvideogames

B.playinggamescanhelponemakenewfriends

C.itisimportanttospendtimedoingthingswithparents

D.peopleshouldtakeactiontoprotectold-fashionedgames

（2022U匕京西城?統(tǒng)考——模）After-schoolclubsareagreatwaytohelpkidsdevelop

themselvesindifferentareas.Theywillservekidswellthroughouttheirlives.

Ithelpsbuildconfidence.Youhavetolearntothinkaheadand

knowwhenyouropponent（對(duì)手）makesamistake.

Beginningage:6

ChessTime:Thursdays

Ithelpsimproveproblem-solvingskills.Youcanneverpredict

40whatyouropponentwilldo,soyouhavetobeabletoreact

quickly.Concentrationandfocus（注意）arealsokeytokeeping

calmunderpressure.

FencingBeginningage:9to11

Time:Wednesdays

Itteachesthebasicsofroboticstechnologyandencourages

teamwork.Kidsaregroupedintoteamswithonecoach.The

r

6teamsworktogethertobuildwalking,talkingrobots.

Beginningage:9

FirstLegoLeague

Time:Tuesdays

Ithelpsdevelopattention.Itrequiresfocusandconcentration,

ft

whichcanhelpkidsdobetterinschool.Safetyisveryimportant,

sokidsareexpectedtoberesponsible.

Beginningage:7

Archery

Time:Fridays

20.Whichclubcana6-year-oldjoin?A.Chess.B.Fencing.

C.FirstLegoLeague.D.Archery.

21.WhencankidsattendFirstLegoLeague?

A.OnFridays.B.OnThursdays.

C.OnTuesdays.D.OnWednesdays.

22.Archeryhelpskids.

A.buildteamworkB.developattention

C.learntothinkaheadD.improveproblem-solvingskills

（2022?北京西城?統(tǒng)考一模）

Thishighschooltermwassupposedtobeeasier.Thatisthethoughtinmymind—after

all,thisisthefirsttermthatTmtakinglessthan20credits（學(xué)分），andI'menjoyingallofmy

classes.However,thistermhasfeltthemostdifficultandmygradesaremuchworsethan

theywerewhenIwastakingtwomoreclasses.

Icouldblame（怪罪）itonthefactthatI'vebeenbusyworkinginseveralschoolclubs

andpracticingforaschoolmusicalseveraltimesaweek.Actually,itisimportantthatIdon't

overlook（忽視）thatbecauseitwouldn'tbefairtomyselftosayitdoesn'tplayapartinmy

lowgrades.However,it'sclearlynottheonlyreason.Infact,studyhasneverbeeneasyfor

me.

Ithoughtthatputtinginmoreeffortwouldchangethings,butithasn't.TheexamI

studiedforhoursoncomesbackafailure.Ifallasleepwhileworkingonhomeworkand

forgettohanditin.Isitinclasstakinglotsofnotes,andwhenIlookbackatthemtodomy

homework,itallreadsasgibberish.IstarttorealizethatmaybesomeoftheworkIdoisjust

hard.

I'mlearningthatit'sokaynottobethebestattheworkthatyoudo.Whenyou'reused

tobeingnaturallygood,it'shardtorealizethatthrowingthesameamount（數(shù)量）ofeffortat

somethingthatismoredifficultwon'tjustautomatically（自動(dòng)地）work.However,we

shouldn'tfeelbadaboutthat.Eventhoughwe'reherefbrlearning,therearesomanythings

tospendourtimeon.IthinkofthethingsIwantasallhavingaprice,andtheamountthatI

wouldliketopayatanygiventimechanges,asdoestheprice.Ifsnottosaythatyoushould

stopworkinghard,butit'sgoodtokeepinmindthatsometimesthepricejustmightbetoo

highforyouatagiventime.

Youdon'thavetodoeverythingperfectly,evenifitlookseasy,andyou'reallowedto

dealwithknowledgethatjustdoesn'tmakesensetoyou.Thisisthetimetolearnhowtokeep

onkeepingon.Wewillbethebestofourselvesoncewelearnthatbeingourbestisn'ta

preconditiontolearning.

23.Whatwasprobablythewriter'sexpectationfbrherterm?

A.Totakemoreclassesandbeabletoenjoythem.

B.Toliveaneasyschoollifeandgetgoodgrades.

C.Togiveupsomeclubstohavemoretimetostudy.

D.Toexperienceachallengingtermandgetperfectmarks.

24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gibberish“inParagraph3probablymean?

A.Somethingdifficulttoremember.B.Somethingfunny.

C.Somethingimpossibletounderstand.D.Somethingboring.

25.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph4?

A.Peoplewillpayahigherpriceiftheystopworking.

B.Peoplehavetoaskforhelpiftheywanttolearnwell.

C.Peopleshouldn'tgiveuptheirgoalseventhoughtheyfeelbad.

D.Peoplecan'talwaysmakesomethingpossiblebyworkinghard.

26.Thewriterwouldprobablyagree.

A.weshouldknowhowtokeepgoinginthefaceofchallenges

B.weshouldn'tstudythingsthatdon'tmakesensetous

C.weshouldperformperfectlywhenourworkiseasy

D.weshouldn'ttakepartinschoolactivities

Talkingtoyourselfisn'tjustfbrhumans——it'sforrobotstoo.

Italianresearchershavedesignedarobotthatcanspeaktoitself,whichenablesusersto

hearitsthoughtprocessandgaindeeperinsightintothetechnology'sdecision-making

processes.

“Ifyouwereabletohearwhattherobotsarethinking,therobotsmightbemore

trustworthy,studyco-authorAntonioChellasays."Therobotswillbeeasiertounderstand

forpeoplewhoaren'ttechniciansorengineers.Inasense,wecancommunicateandwork

withtherobotsbetter.”

Humansdependoninnerspeechwhenlookingfbrclarityandmoral（道德的）guidance,

andithelpsinthedecision-makingprocess.Theresearcherssetouttoseehowthiscould

affectrobots,sotheydevelopedonecalledPepper,andtheytrainedittosetatable.Theythen

gaveittheabilitytosay,inplainEnglish,whatitwas“thinking“whencompletingatask.

Afterstudyingtherobot,theresearchersfoundthatPepperisbetteratsolving

dilemmas（進(jìn)退兩難的困境）whenusinginnerspeech.OneexperimentsawauseraskPepper

tobreaktablesettingrulesbyputtingaforkinthewrongplace,whichledtotherobotasking

itselfaseriesofself_directedquestions.Itthenconcludedthattheusermightbeconfused,so

itconfirmed（確認(rèn)）therequestbeforecontinuingtouseinnerspeech:

“Ehm,thissituationupsetsme.Iwouldneverbreaktherules,butIcan'tupsethim,soI'm

doingwhathewants,"Peppersaidwhileputtingtheforkinthewrongplace.

TheusercanunderstandPepper9sthoughtsasitusesitsinnervoicetosolvea

dilemma,whichtheresearcherssaycouldleadtohuman-robottrust.

ComparingPepper'sperformancewithandwithoutinnerspeech,Chelladiscoveredthat

therobothadahighertask-completionratewhenusingself-dialogue."Peoplewerevery

surprisedbytherobofsability,“Chellasays."Theapproachmakestherobotdifferentfrom

typicalmachinesbecauseithastheabilitytoreason,tothink.Innerspeechcouldbeusefulin

allthecaseswherewetrustthecomputerorarobotforevaluationofasituation.^^

Althoughhearingtheinnervoiceofrobotsenrichesthehuman-robotinteractionsome

peoplemightfinditinefficientbecausetherobotspendsmoretimecompletiontaskswhenit

talkstoitself.Therobofsinnerspeechisalsolimitedtotheknowledgethatresearchersgave

it.StillChellasaystheirresearchlaysthegroundworkformoreresearchintohow

self-dialoguecanhelprobotsfocus,planandlearn.

27.Accordingtothepassage,Peppercan.

A.designatrainingtaskB.talktoitself

C.teachtablesettingrulesD.readusers5minds

28.Whatcanwelearnfromtheresearch?

A.Theresearchaimedtohelppeopleunderstandrobots'actions.

B.Innerspeechhelpstherobotfinishtasksmorequickly.

C.TheItalianresearcherscreatedanewlanguageforrobots.

D.Therobothelpedstudypeople'sdecision-makingprocess.

29.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Robots:LeamtoLearnB.Robots:ThinkOutLoud

C.Robots:MakeBetterSpeechesD.Robots:AlwaysTrustHumans

（2021U匕京西城?統(tǒng)考二模）Likemostpeople,youusuallystartworkwiththehopeof

beingasproductiveaspossible.Yet,asthedayrollson,youfindyourtasklistgrows.What

yousetouttoachieveinthebeginningseemstogetpushedtotheside.

You'renotalone.Manyofusdon'thaveaprocesstoprioritizetasksandalwaysfeellike

we'replayingcatch-up.Wefailtodecidewhat'sthemostimportanttaskevenwhen

everythingontheto-dolistfeelsimportant.Butwecangetaheadofthegameandstayontop

ofdeadlineswithsomesimplemethodstosetprioritiesandmanageourworkload.

Here'sasimplewaytoprioritizeourdailytasksandfocus（專注）ontheworkthat

mattersmost:Ofallthethingswenowhavetheenergyfor,dothethingwe'renonnallyleast

likelytodo.Ifwehavetwolivefrogs（青蛙）toeatforbreakfast,theideaistoeattheugliest

oneasearlyaspossible.

Thereareseveralwaysthistrick（技工5）canbenefitus.

Doingsomethingwerarely（很少）doisenergizing.Youdoabehaviorlikewashingyour

windowsthatyouneverdo.Havingcleanwindowswon'tchangeyourlifebutitchallenges

yourconceptionofyourself.Itinfluenceshowweseeourselves.Gettingourbodymoving

givesusenergyandcanimproveourfocus.

Unfamiliarbehaviorsoftenprovidemorechancestohelpusgrowthanfamiliarones.

WhenIwriteforanewpublication,it'swithaneweditor.Igetdifferentfeedback.Ineedto

changemystyletomatchthestyleofthatpublication,soIdevelopmyskills.Inthisway

we'Hexpand（發(fā)展）ourselves,ourskills,andourfutureopportunities.

Somepeoplereacttoanxietybyworkinghardonverycomfortablebehaviorsbutpayno

attentiontounco