中考英語教材基礎(chǔ)練第二部分人與社會話題16科技發(fā)明與創(chuàng)新課件

第二部分人與社會中考英語?教材基礎(chǔ)練話題16科技發(fā)明與創(chuàng)新第92練微語境詞匯運(yùn)用一、詞匯運(yùn)用

A)根據(jù)首字母或漢語提示,完成下列單詞的拼寫,使句意明確、語言通順。1.Inrecentyears,Chinahasmadegreata

inscienceandtechnology.

2.[外研九上Module9,Unit2,P74]Developmentsin

(印刷)madeitpossibletoproducebooksmorequicklyandcheaply.

答案1.achievements根據(jù)語境可知,此處指取得了很大成就。achievement為可數(shù)名詞,前面沒有冠詞,故用復(fù)數(shù)形式achievements。2.printing根據(jù)前面的介詞"in"可知,此處應(yīng)用printing。3.WiththehelpoftheInternet,knowledgecanbes

quickly.

4.Robotsareveryusefulandsomefactoriesr

workerswithrobotsnow.

5.Nowwecanfindinformationondifferentw

.

答案3.spread根據(jù)語境可知,此處表示"知識可以被快速傳播"。由前面的"be"可知,此處應(yīng)用spread的過去分詞spread。4.replace根據(jù)語境可知,此處表示"一些工廠用機(jī)器人替代工人"。由前面的"factories"和后面的"now"可知,此處謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式,時態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時。5.websites根據(jù)語境和前面的介詞"on"可知,此處指在不同的網(wǎng)站上。由前面的"different"可知,此處用復(fù)數(shù)形式websites。6.TheChinesecompany—HUAWEI—isalwaystryingtomakehigh-tech

(產(chǎn)品).

7.Youcanapplyforan

(電子的)IDcardintheapp.Itisquiteconvenient.

8.Thenew

(發(fā)明)hasalreadychangedthewholeworldalot.

答案6.products/product根據(jù)語境可知,此處表示"高科技產(chǎn)品"。product作"產(chǎn)品"講時既可為可數(shù)名詞,也可為不可數(shù)名詞,故填products或product。7.electronic結(jié)合語境和漢語提示可知,此處表示"在軟件上申請一張電子身份證",故填形容詞electronic。8.invention根據(jù)前面的"The"可知此處用名詞,再根據(jù)后面的"has"可知,此處用單數(shù)形式invention。9.Beforeusingthecamera,readthe

(用法說明)carefully.

10.China’shigh-speedrailwaymakesitfastand

(方便)forpeopletotravel.

答案9.instructions

instruction意為"用法說明"時,為可數(shù)名詞,且常用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。10.convenient

根據(jù)語境和漢語提示可知,此處表示"中國的高速鐵路使人們旅行變得又快捷又方便",故填形容詞convenient。

B)用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。11.NowadaysWeChatis

(wide)usedinourdailylives.

12.Thisisan

(introduce)tothenewly-designedbus.

答案11.widely

分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾謂語動詞,故填widely。12.introduction根據(jù)語境和前面的冠詞"an"可知,此處應(yīng)用名詞introduction"介紹"。13.Itis

(help)foryoutohaveaclearideaofwhatyouwant.

14.Itis

(mention)inthebookthatthezipperwasinventedin1893.

15.Tea,themostpopulardrink,isan

(accident)invention.

答案13.helpful根據(jù)語境和前面的"is"可知,此處應(yīng)用形容詞作表語,故填helpful。14.mentioned分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,此處It作形式主語,后面的that從句為真正的主語,此處表示"被提及",故用過去分詞。15.accidental根據(jù)語境和前面的冠詞"an"以及后面的名詞可知,此處應(yīng)填形容詞accidental"意外的"。二、妙辨異同在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。16.Desksandchairsaremade

wood.

17.—Doyoubelievethatwineismade

grapes?

—Yes,Ido.Grapescanbemade

wine.

答案16.of

17.from;into

18.Thiscarismade

Germany.

19.XinyangandHangzhouareknown

theirtea.

20.YaoMingisknown

us,andweallknowheisfamous

abasketballplayer.

答案18.in[點撥]bemadeof和bemadefrom都有"由……制成"的意思,當(dāng)原材料并未改變?nèi)钥杀嬲J(rèn)時用bemadeof;當(dāng)原材料已完全改變且辨認(rèn)不出時用bemadefrom;bemadeinto...表示"被制成……";bemadeinsp.表示"產(chǎn)于某地"。19.for

20.to;as[拓展]beknown/famousfor"因……而聞名";beknowntosb."為某人所熟悉";befamousas"作為……而出名"。三、一詞多義(每詞限用兩次)21.Itwilltakethestudentsanotherfivedaysto

thetask.

22.Asweallknow,foodthatisnot

inthefridgewillgobadquickly.

答案21.complete

22.stored

fair(n.展銷會;adj.公平的)

train(n.火車;v.訓(xùn)練)store(n.商店;v.儲存)

complete(v.完成;adj.齊全的)23.AlargenumberofhandicraftsmadeinChinawereshownintheinternational

.

24.[2022北京西城區(qū)模擬改編]The

arrivesat9o’clock,sowe’dbettersetoffnow.

25.Tomvisitedthewebsiteandfounda

listofcoursesofferedbyhisidealuniversity.

答案23.fair

24.train25.complete 26.Itdidn’tseem

topunishonechildandforgivetheotherwhentheybothmademistakes.

27.Cindyhasaclothes

andshesellsalltheclothesatgoodprices.

28.[2022昆明官渡區(qū)模擬改編]—SuBingtian

sohardthathebroketheAsianrecord.

—Ittellsusthatsuccessrequiresalotofhardwork.答案26.fair 27.store 28.trained第93練教材句型遷移一、教材句型仿寫1.[人教八上Unit7,SectionA2d,P50]Everyoneshouldplayapartinsavingtheearth.

仿寫:瑪麗積極參加對這些貧困地區(qū)的孩子的教學(xué)工作。

2.[外研九上Module9,Unit1,P72改編]Withtheinventionofthecomputerandelectronictechnology,it’seasytogetinformationontheInternet.

仿寫:隨著社會的發(fā)展,人們獲取各種信息更容易了。

答案1.Maryplaysanactivepartinteachingthechildreninthesepoorareas.2.Withthedevelopmentofsociety,it’seasierforpeopletogetallkindsofinformation.3.[外研九上Module9,Unit2,P74]Inaway,wecancomparetheinventionofpaperandprintingtotheintroductionoftheInternetinthetwentiethcentury.仿寫:我們把老師比喻成園丁。

4.[外研九上Module9,Unit2,P74]AlthoughtheInternetisstillyoung,itisgrowingveryfast,andmaybecomemorepowerfulthanprinting.

仿寫:盡管這個男人已經(jīng)年老,但是他身體健康,而且可以照顧好自己。

答案3.Wecompareteacherstogardeners.4.Althoughthemanisalreadyold,hestillstayshealthy/heishealthy,andcantakegoodcareofhimself.5.[人教九全Unit5,SectionA2d,P34]ItseemsthatmanypeopleallovertheworlddrinkChinesetea.

仿寫:似乎你是對的。

6.[人教九全Unit5,SectionA3a,P35]Nomatterwhatyoumaybuy,youmightthinkthoseproductsweremadeinthosecountries.

仿寫:不管你說什么,我都信你。

答案5.Itseems/seemedthatyouare/wereright.6.Nomatterwhatyousay,Iwillbelieveyou.7.[人教九全Unit6,SectionA2d,P42]Well,youdoseemtohaveapoint...

仿寫:我真的希望你能來參加我們的聚會。

8.[人教九全Unit6,SectionA3a,P43]ItissaidthataChineserulercalledShenNongwasthefirsttodiscoverteaasadrink.

仿寫:據(jù)說在許多西方國家13是個不吉利的數(shù)字。

答案7.Idohopeyoucancometoourparty.8.ItissaidthatthirteenisanunluckynumberinmanyWesterncountries.二、高級句型轉(zhuǎn)換9.Manypeoplebelievethatteawasfirstdrunkabout5,000yearsago.(用It’sknownthat...進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換)高級句型:

。10.YoucanlearnEnglishwellonlyinthisway.(改為倒裝句)高級句型:

。答案9.It’swidelyknownthatteawasfirstdrunkabout5,000yearsago.10.OnlyinthiswaycanyoulearnEnglishwell.三、補(bǔ)全對話根據(jù)下面的對話情景,在每個空白處填上一個適當(dāng)?shù)木渥?使對話的意思連貫、完整。A:Hey,Jim!Whatareyoudoing?B:Hi,Bob.I’mreadingtheinstructionsaboutaninvention.A:11.

?

B:It’scalledaselfiestick(自拍桿).A:Oh,letmehavealook.Whatisitusedfor?B:12.

.

A:Anditdoesn’tseemheavy.13.

.Couldyoutellmehowtouseit?

B:Certainly.Doyouwanttobuyone?A:Yes,Ido.14.

?

B:Iboughtitonline.AndIliketakingphotosofmyself.A:Prettygood.15.

?

B:Sure,noproblem!答案11.What’sit/theinventionabout12.It’susedfortakingphotosofyourself13.Itmustbeeasytocarry14.Wheredidyoubuyit15.Canyouhelpmebuyoneonline第94練重點語法復(fù)習(xí)一、單項選擇1.Thankstoourefforts,moreandmoretoysfromthefactory

tosellabroadeveryyear.

A.wereproduced B.areproducedC.produce D.willproduce答案1.B根據(jù)時間狀語"everyyear"可知,此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時;又因toys和produce之間是被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。故選B。2.—Whyareyousoexcited,Tim?—Well,it’ssaidthatanewlibrary

inourschoolnextyear.

A.completes B.iscompletedC.willcomplete D.willbecompleted答案2.D根據(jù)時間狀語"nextyear"可知,此處應(yīng)用一般將來時;結(jié)合句意以及l(fā)ibrary和complete之間的被動關(guān)系可知,此處用一般將來時的被動語態(tài)。

3.Childrenunder12yearsold

toridesharedbikes.It’stoodangerous.

A.shouldn’tallowB.shouldallowC.shouldn’tbeallowedD.shouldbeallowed答案3.C結(jié)合句意和后面的"toodangerous"可知,此處表示"十二歲以下的孩子不應(yīng)該被允許騎共享單車"。故選C。4.—Iwanttoborrowthebook,butIdon’tknowhowlongitmay

.

—Fortwoweeks.A.borrow B.beborrowedC.keep D.bekept5.TheChinesewriterhasgotlotsoffansinFrance.Hisnewbook

intoFrenchassoonasitcameout.

A.wastranslated B.translatedC.istranslated D.translates答案4.D

howlong指一段時間,動詞應(yīng)用延續(xù)性動詞keep,而borrow為非延續(xù)性動詞;前面的it是指"thebook",即為動作keep的承受者,所以應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。故選D。5.A根據(jù)"assoonasitcameout"可知,此處應(yīng)用一般過去時;又因book與translate之間為被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。故選A。6.[2022武漢中考]DuringtheTangdynasty,nearlyeverythingproducedintheworld

onthestreetsofChang’an.

A.isfound B.hasbeenfoundC.willbefound D.couldbefound7.[2022十堰二模]—Wow,greatchanges

inShiyaninthepastfewyears.

—Yes,it’sbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.A.takeplace B.aretakingplaceC.havetakenplace D.willtakeplace答案6.D根據(jù)"DuringtheTangdynasty"可知,此處應(yīng)用過去時;再結(jié)合句意可知,此處表示"唐朝時期幾乎世界上所有的產(chǎn)品都可以在長安的街道上找到"。故選D。could在這里為can的過去式,表示"可以,能夠"。7.C根據(jù)題干中的"inthepastfewyears"可知,此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時;又因takeplace"發(fā)生"沒有被動語態(tài)。故選C。二、用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空8.Thetypeofnewcars

(produce)inHenanin2030.

9.Thebookyouarelookingforwardto

(publish)already.

答案8.willbeproduced根據(jù)時間狀語"in2030"可知用一般將來時;cars和produce之間為被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)。故填willbeproduced。9.hasbeenpublished分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空處在句中作謂語;又根據(jù)后面的already可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時;再結(jié)合主語book以及book和publish之間的被動關(guān)系可知此處填hasbeenpublished。10.Whichlanguage

themostwidely

(speak)intheworld?

11.[2022南京模擬]InancientItaly,it’sunbelievablethathigh-heeledshoes(高跟鞋)

(design)formenandhadapracticalpurpose.

答案10.is;spoken句意:世界上哪種語言使用最廣泛?根據(jù)語境可知此處用一般現(xiàn)在時;language為單數(shù)形式且和speak之間是被動關(guān)系,故填is和spoken。11.weredesigned根據(jù)后面的"andhad"可知此處也應(yīng)用一般過去時;又因shoes和design之間是被動關(guān)系,故填weredesigned。三、根據(jù)所給要求完成句子12.Theflowersneedwatering.(改為同義句)Theflowers

.

13.ThebikeismendedbyTom.(對畫線部分提問)

thebikemendedby?

答案12.needtobewatered

13.Whois

14.Doessheoftenlookaftertheoldwoman?(改為被動語態(tài))

theoldwomanoften

byher?

15.Someonesawtheboyentertheclassroom.(改為被動語態(tài))Theboy

entertheclassroom.

16.Thelightsshouldbeturnedoffwhenyouleavetheroom.(改為主動語態(tài))You

thelightswhenyouleavetheroom.

答案14.Is;lookedafter

15.wasseento

16.shouldturnoff第95練話題語篇拓展Passage1話題:人臉探測技術(shù)建議用時:8分鐘

[2021三明中考二模改編]Facialrecognitiontechnology(人臉識別技術(shù))iswidelyusedtoday.Forexample,policeuseittosearchforbadguys.It’salsousedtounlockphonesordoors.

Now,asimilartechnology,knownasfacialdetection(探測),isenteringanewfield:thebusinessofadvertising(廣告).

Suchsystemsaregoingthroughtestsinasmallnumberofstores.Onefacialdetectionsystemcanjudgeaperson’s"happiness"or"fear"level.Thathelpsbusinessesseehowpeoplefeelastheylookatproductsoradvertisementsinthestore.Anothersystemcandetectwhethersomeoneiswearingeyeglasses.Ifso,storescansendadvertisementsfornewglassestohim.

Facialdetectiontechnologyisalsoplacedinsidesomelargeadvertisingboards.Camerasinthoseboardscandetectinformationlikepeople’sagesandfivelevelsoffeelings—from"veryhappy"to"veryunhappy".

Supportersofthetechnologysayitcouldimprovebuyers’experiencebyshowingproductstheymightlikeorbyofferingthemproductsatlowerprices.

Someareagainsttheideaofusingsuchsystems.PamDixon,theheadofaprivacy(隱私)group,isoneofthem.Shethinks

▲

.Forexample,abusinesscouldraisethepriceofaproductaccordingtoaperson’sageandfeelings.

However,onestoretestingthetechnologyexplainedtheywouldn’tstorepeople’sinformationlikenamesorages.Andtheadvertisingboardsystemmakersaiditdidn’tkeepanypersonalinformationorrecordanyvideos.1.Whatcanfacialdetectiontechnologytellaccordingtothepassage?

A.People’sweight. B.People’sfeelings.C.People’sheight. D.People’sjobs.2.Whichofthefollowingsentencescanbeputinthe

▲

?

A.nobodylikestohavetheirfeelingscollectedB.itisveryimportanttoprotectpeople’sprivacyC.thestrangeactionsmaycausesomethingunfairD.businessesmayusethemtohavemorecustomers3.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatfacialdetectiontechnology

.

A.candetectbuyers’namesandrecordthemB.isputinsidesomelargeadvertisingboardsC.maybeusedtosellcheapergoodsinallstoresD.mayneedsometimebeforebeingwidelyused4.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthepassage?A.FacialRecognitionTechnologyEnteringaNewFieldB.FacialRecognitionTechnologyLookingforBadGuysC.FacialDetectionTechnologyGoingintoAdvertisingFieldD.FacialDetectionTechnologyImprovingBuyers’Experience答案【短文大意】本文主要介紹了人臉探測技術(shù)在廣告行業(yè)這一新領(lǐng)域中的應(yīng)用,以及人們對這一技術(shù)的使用所持的不同態(tài)度?！酒率崂怼?.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中的"Onefacialdetectionsystemcanjudgeaperson’s‘happiness’or‘fear’level"可知,人臉探測技術(shù)可以辨別人們的情緒,故選B。2.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。結(jié)合關(guān)鍵信息"Forexample,abusinesscouldraisethepriceofaproductaccordingtoaperson’sageandfeelings"可知,C項切題,C項中的"causesomethingunfair"與"raisethepriceofaproductaccordingtoaperson’sageandfeelings"相呼應(yīng)。3.D推理判斷題。由第三段的第一句"Suchsystemsaregoingthroughtestsinasmallnumberofstores"可知,人臉探測技術(shù)正在小范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行測試,由此可推知,該技術(shù)離廣泛使用還有一段時間,故選D。[干擾項分析]本題中最大的干擾項是B項,由文章第四段中的"Facialdetectiontechnologyisalsoplacedinsidesomelargeadvertisingboards"可知,B項本身是正確的,但B項描述的是一個既定事實,不需要進(jìn)行任何推測,顯然與題干要求不符。4.C標(biāo)題歸納題。文章第二段是本文的中心段,揭示了文章的主要內(nèi)容:人臉探測技術(shù)進(jìn)入了廣告領(lǐng)域。故C項最適合作本文的標(biāo)題。Passage2話題:能自我對話的機(jī)器人建議用時:7分鐘[2021揚(yáng)州中考]Everwonderedwhyyourvirtual(虛擬的)homehelperdoesn’tunderstandyourquestions?Orwhyyournavigationapptookyoutothesidestreetinsteadofthehighway?InastudypublishedonApril21stinthejournaliScience,Italianresearchers,AriannaPipitoneandAntonioChella,designedarobotthat"thinksoutloud".Toexplorehowinnerspeechmightinfluencearobot’sactions,theresearchersbuiltarobotcalledPepperthatspeakstoitself.Ithastheabilitytoreasonandthink.TheythenaskedpeopletosetthedinnertablewithPepperaccordingtoetiquette(禮儀)rules.Inoneexperiment,theuseraskedPeppertolaythenapkinatthewrongplace,goingagainsttherules.Pepperstartedaskingitselfaseriesofself-directedquestionsandconcludedthattheusermightbemistaken.Tobesure,Pepperconfirmedtheuser’sorder,whichledtofurtherinnerspeech."Hmm,thissituationtroublesme.Iwouldneverbreaktherules,butIcan’tmaketheuserunhappy,soI’mdoingwhathewants,"Peppersaidtoitself,layingthenapkinwhereitwasrequiredtobe.ThroughPepper’sinnervoice,theusercanlearnPepperwasfacingadifficultsituationandsolveditby

prioritizingtheuser’sorder.ComparingPepper’sactionswithandwithoutinnerspeech,PipitoneandChelladiscoveredtherobothadahighertask-completionratewhenhavingself-dialogue.However,somepeoplefindtherobotspendsmoretimecompletingtaskswhenittalkstoitself.Therobot’sinnerspeechisalsolimitedtotheknowledgethatresearchersgaveit.Pepper’sdesignersstillsaytheirworkprovidesaframework(構(gòu)架)tofurtherexplorehowself-dialoguecanhelprobotsfocus,plan,andlearn."Insomeways,wearecreatingagenerational(一代的)robotthatlikestochat.Fromnavigationappsandthecameraonyourphonetomedicalrobotsintheoperationrooms,machinesandcomputersalikecantakeadvantageofthischattyfeature,"saysChella.5.Whydoesthewriterasktwoquestionsattheverybeginningofthepassage?A.Todrawthereader’sattentiontothetopic.B.Toshowthewriterlikeselectronicproducts.C.Totellthereaderaboutthehistoryofrobots.D.Toprovethewriteroftenfacestroubleinlife.6.WhywasPepperaskedtolaythenapkinatthewrongplace?A.ToseehowmuchtimePepperspentlayingthenapkin.B.ToconfirmhowpopularPepperwasamongitsusers.C.TotesthowmanyetiquetterulesPepperremembered.D.Tostudyhowself-dialoguemightinfluencePepper’sactions.7.Theunderlinedword"prioritizing"inParagraph3mean"

".

A.repeating B.dealingwith...firstC.goingagainst D.complainingabout8.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.ThedesignersareproudoftheirworkaboutPepper.B.Pepperhasalreadybeeninuseintheoperationrooms.C.Pepper’sinnerspeechdependsonitsuser’scommunicationskills.D.Withorwithoutinnerspeech,Peppercouldcompleteataskequallywell.答案【短文大意】本文介紹了意大利研究人員AriannaPipitone和AntonioChella設(shè)計的一款能自我對話的機(jī)器人。5.A推理判斷題。作者開篇提出問題是為了吸引讀者注意,故選A。6.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的"Toexplorehowinnerspeechmightinfluencearobot’sactions"及"theuseraskedPeppertolaythenapkinatthewrongplace,goingagainsttherules"可知,要求Pepper把餐巾放在錯誤的地方是為了研究自我對話會如何影響Pepper的行為,故選D。7.B詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文中的"Iwouldneverbreaktherules,butIcan’tmaketheuserunhappy,soI’mdoingwhathewants"可知,相比禮儀規(guī)則的要求,Pepper會優(yōu)先考慮用戶的要求。據(jù)此推測此處"prioritizing"的意思是"優(yōu)先處理",故選B。8.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容可知,通過對Pepper的研究,未來可能會將此類機(jī)器人應(yīng)用到更廣泛的領(lǐng)域,由此可推知研究人員為他們的作品感到自豪,故選A。第96練話題書面表達(dá)SectionA

[2022銅仁模擬]假如你是李華,你校為響應(yīng)國家的"講好中國故事,傳播好中國聲音"的號召,正在面向全體學(xué)生征集英語文章。請你根據(jù)表格內(nèi)容,以介紹中國高鐵為主題,寫一篇英語文章。高鐵的發(fā)展總里程幾萬千米高鐵的優(yōu)點1.舒適、干凈的乘車環(huán)境2.安全、快捷的交通體驗(時速超過300千米)3.購票新體驗,可網(wǎng)購、電話訂票、自動售票機(jī)購票……要求:1.文章內(nèi)容須涵蓋表格中的所有內(nèi)容,可運(yùn)用參考詞匯適當(dāng)發(fā)揮;2.行文流暢,100詞左右。參考詞匯:high-speedrail高鐵;totalmileage總里程;self-serviceticketmachine自動售票機(jī)Dearfriends,

Yours,LiHua文章結(jié)構(gòu)指導(dǎo)

好詞好句集錦好詞:introduce...to...;atthetopspeedof;what’smore好句:finditeasytoget;you’dbetterdosth.高分范文填空閱讀范文,并用前面的好詞好句的適當(dāng)形式填空,使短文通順、意思完整。Dearfriends,

I’mLiHua,aChi