FOB貿(mào)易術(shù)語解釋(中英文)

FOB貿(mào)易術(shù)語解釋（中英文）FREEONBOARDA(、、、namedportofShipment)A“FreeonBoardeansthattheSellerdeliverswhenthegoodspasstheship''srailatthenamedportofShipment、Thismeansthatthebuyerhastobearal1Costsandrisksoflossofordamagetothegoodsfromthatpoint、TheFOBtermrequirestheSellertoclearthegoodsforexport、Thistermcanbeusedonlyforseaorinlandwaterwaytransport、Ifthepartiesdonotintendtode1iverthegoodsacrosstheship''srai1,theFCAtermshouldheused、ATHESELLER77SOBLIGATIONSBTHEBUYER''SOBLIGATIONSA1ProvisionofgoodsinconformitywiththecontraCtThesellermustprovidethegoodsandthemercialinvoice,oritsequiva1enteleCtroniCmessage，inconformitywiththeContractofSaleandanyotherevidenceofconformitywinchmayberequiredbythecontract、ABlPaymentofthepriceThebuyermustpaythepriceasprovidedinthecontractofsa1e、AA2Licences，authorisationsandformalitiesThesellermustobtainathisownriskandexpenseanyexportlicenceorotherofficia1authorisationandcarryout,whereaPplicable1,allcustomsformalitiesnecessaryfortheexportofthegoods、B2Licences,authorisationsandformalitiesAThebuyermustobtainathisownriskandexpenseanyimportlicenceorotherofficialauthorisationandcarryout，whereapplicable2,allcustomsforma1itiesfortheimportofthegoodsand,wherenecessary，fortheirtransitthroughanycountry、A3ContractsofcarriageandinsuranCeAa)ContractofcarriageNoob1igation3Ab)ContractofinsuranCeANoobligation4、B3ContraCtofCarriageandinSUrancea)ContractofCarriageAThebuyermustcontractathisownexpenSeforthecarriageofthegoodsfromthenamedportofshipment、Ab)ContractofinSuranceNoobligation、5aA4DeliveryATheSellermustdeliverthegoodsonthedateorwithintheagreedperiodatthenamedportofShipmentandinthemannerCustomaryattheportonboardthevesselnominatedbythebuyer、B4TakingdeliveryThebuyermusttakedeliVeryofthegoodswhentheyhavebeende1iveredinaccordancewithA4、A5TransferofrisksAThesellermust,subjecttotheprovisionsofB5,bearallrisksoflossofordamagetothegoodsuntilSuchtimeastheyhavepassedtheShip'＇srailatthenamedportofshipment、B5TransferofrisksAThebuyermustbearallrisksoflossofordamagetothegoodsfromthetimetheyhavepassedtheship''srailatthenamedPortofshipment; andfrorntheagreeddateortheexpirydateoftheagreedperiodfordeliverywhicharisebecausehefailstogivenoticeinaccordanceWithB7,orbecausethevesselnominatedbyhimflailstoarriveontime，orisunabletotakethegoods,orclosesforcargoearlierthanthetimenotifiedinaccordancewithB7,Provided,however,thatthegoodshavebeendulyappropriatedtothecontract,thatistosay,clearlysetasideorotherwiseidentifiedasthecontractgoods、A6DivisionofCOStSAThesellermust,subjecttotheprovisionsofB6，payallcostsrelatingtothegoodsuntilsuchtimeastheyhavepassedtheship'＇srailatthenamedportofshipment;andWhereapplicable6,thecostsofcustomsformalitiesnecessaryforexportaswellasallduties,taxesandotherchargespayableuponexport、B6DiVisionofcostsThebuyermustpayallCoStSrelatingtothegoodsfromthe timetheyhavePaSSedtheship''Srailatthenamedportofshipment;andanyadditionalcostsincurred,eitherbecausetheVeSSeInominatedbyhimfailstoarriveontime,orisunabletotakethegoods,orclosesforcargoearlierthanthetimenotifiedinaccordancewithB7,orbecausethebuyerhasfailedtogiveappropriatenoticeinaccordanceWithB7,provided,however,thatthegoodshavebeendulyappropriatedtothecontract,thatistosay,clearlysetasideorotherwiseidentifiedasthecontractgoods;andwhereapplicable7,allduties,taxesandotherChargesaswellasthecostsofcarryingoutcustomsformalitiespayableuponimportofthegoodsandfortheirtransitthroughanycountry、AA7NoticetothebUyerαThesellermustgivethebuyersufficientnoticethatthegoodshaVebeendeliveredinaccordancewithA4、B7NoticetothebuyerAThebuyermustgivethesellersufficientnoticeofthevesselname,loadingpointandrequireddeliVerytime、aA8Proofofdelivery,transportdocumentorequivalentelectronicmessageThesellermustproVidethebuyerattheseller''sexpensewiththeusualproofofdeliveryinaccordancewithA4、AUnIeSSthedocumentreferredtointheprecedingparagraphisthetransportdocument,thesellermustrenderthebuyer,atthelatter''srequest,riskandexpense,everyassistanceinobtainingatransportdocumentforthecontractofcarriage(forexample,anegotiablebilloflading,anon-negotiableseaWaybill,aninlandWaterWaydocument,oramultimodaltransportdocument)、AWherethesellerandthebuyerhaveagreedtomunicateelectronically,thedocumentreferredtointheprecedingparagraphmaybereplacedbyanequivalentelectronicdatainterchange(EDI)message、AProofofdelivery,transportdocumentorequivalentelectronicmessageThebuyermustaccePttheproofofdeliveryinaccordanceWithA8、aA9Checking-packaging-markingAThesellermustPaythecostsofthosecheckingoperations(suchasCheckingquality,measuring,weighing,counting)whicharenecessaryforthePurposeofdeliveringthegoodsinaccordancewithA4、ATheSellermustproVideathisownexpenSepackaging(UnlessitisusualfortheparticulartradetoshipthegoodsofthecontractdescriPtionunpacked)whichisrequiredforthetransportofthegoods,totheextentthatthecircumstancesrelatingtothetransport(forexamplemoda1ities,destination)aremadeknowntothesellerbeforethecontractofsaleisconcluded、PackagingistobemarkedaPpropriately、AB9InspectionofgoodsAThebuyermustpaythecostsofanypre－shipmentinspectionexcePtwhensuchinspectionismandatedbytheauthoritiesofthecountryofexport、A10OtberobligationsThesel1ermustrenderthebuyeratthelatter''srequest,riskandexpense,everyassistanceinobtaininganydocumentsorequiva1ente1ectronicmessages(otherthanthosementionedinA8)issuedortransmittedmthecountryofshipmentand/oroforiginwhichthebuyermayrequirefortheimportofthegoodsand,wherenecessary，fortheirtransitthroughanycountry、AThese1lermustprovidethebuyer,uponrequest,withthenecessaryinformationforprocuringinsurance、B10OtherobligationThebuyermustpayallcostsandchargesincurredinobtainingthedocumentsorequiva1entelectronicmessagesmentionedinA10andreimbursethoseincurredbythesellerinrenderinghiSassistanceinaccOrdanCetherewith、AlRefertoIntrodUCtionParagraphl42aRefertoIntroductionParagraph143RefertoIntrodUCtionParagraph104aRefertoIntroductionParagraphlθ5RefertoIntroduCtionParagraphl06ARefertoIntroduCtionParagraph147RefertoIntroductionParagraph14一、對(duì)FOB術(shù)語得解釋AFREEONBOARD(、、、namedportofShiPment)，即裝運(yùn)港船上交貨( 指定裝運(yùn)港)。此術(shù)語就是指賣方在約定得裝運(yùn)港將貨物交到買方指定得船上。按照《2000年通則》規(guī)定，此術(shù)語只能適用于海運(yùn)與內(nèi)河航運(yùn)。但就是，如合同當(dāng)事人不采用越過船舷交貨，則采用FCA術(shù)語更為適宜。(一)買賣雙方基本義務(wù)得劃分A按國際商會(huì)對(duì)FOB得解釋,買賣雙方各自承擔(dān)得基本義務(wù)。概括起來，可作如下劃分：l.賣方義務(wù)(1)在合同規(guī)定得時(shí)間或期限內(nèi),在裝運(yùn)港,按照習(xí)慣方式將貨物交到買方指派得船上,并及時(shí)通知買方。4(2)自負(fù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與費(fèi)用,取得出口許可證或其她官方批準(zhǔn)證件。在需要辦理海關(guān)手續(xù)時(shí),辦理貨物出口所需得一切海關(guān)手續(xù)。a(3)負(fù)擔(dān)貨物在裝運(yùn)港越過船舷為止得一切費(fèi)用與風(fēng)險(xiǎn);(4)自付費(fèi)用提供證明貨物已交至船上得通常單據(jù)。如果買賣雙方約定采用電子通訊，則所有單據(jù)均可被具有同等效力得電子數(shù)據(jù)交換(EDI)信息所代替。a2.買方義務(wù)a(1)自負(fù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)與費(fèi)用取得進(jìn)口許可證或其她官方批準(zhǔn)得證件。在需要辦理海關(guān)手續(xù)時(shí)，辦理貨物進(jìn)口以及經(jīng)由她國過境得一切海關(guān)手續(xù),并支付有關(guān)費(fèi)用及過境費(fèi);2(a)負(fù)責(zé)租船或訂艙,支付運(yùn)費(fèi),并給予賣方關(guān)于船名、裝船地點(diǎn)與要求交貨時(shí)間得充分得通知;a(3)負(fù)擔(dān)貨物在裝運(yùn)港越過船舷后得一切費(fèi)用與風(fēng)險(xiǎn);a(4)接受賣方提供得有關(guān)單據(jù)，受領(lǐng)貨物,并按合同規(guī)定支付貨款。(二)《1941年美國對(duì)外貿(mào)易定義修訂本》對(duì)FOB得解釋《1941年美國對(duì)外貿(mào)易定義修訂本》對(duì)FOB得解釋分為六種,其中只有:指定裝運(yùn)港船上交貨”(FoBVesSel,"namedportofshiPment")與《2000年通則》對(duì)FOB術(shù)語得解釋相近。所以，《1941年美國對(duì)外貿(mào)易定義修訂本》對(duì)FOB得解釋與運(yùn)用,同國際上得一般解釋與運(yùn)用有明顯得差異,這主要表現(xiàn)在下列幾方面:al.美國慣例把FOB籠統(tǒng)地解釋為在某處某種運(yùn)輸工具上交貨,其適用范圍很廣,因此,在同美國、加拿大等國得商人按FOB訂立合同時(shí),除必須標(biāo)明裝運(yùn)港名稱外,還必須