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2023年考研考博考博英語遼寧大學(xué)考試高頻考點參考題庫帶答案(圖片大小可自由調(diào)整)答案解析附后第1卷一.綜合題(共20題)1.單選題Internationalfinancialissuesaretypically()bytheUnitedStatesmediabecausetheyaretootechnicaltomakesnappyheadlinesandtooinaccessibletopeoplewholackabackgroundineconomics.問題1選項A.neglectedB.criticizedC.overratedD.repudiated2.單選題Thefinalrecommendationwasthattheemployeeonprobation(

)aspecialnightclassforonesemester.問題1選項A.attendB.hasattendedC.attendsD.attended3.單選題Becauseadegreefromagooduniversityisthemeanstoabetterjob,educationisoneofthemost(

)areasinJapaneselife.問題1選項A.sophisticatedB.competitiveC.considerateD.superficial4.翻譯題Today,weanxiouslyscrutinizeexaminationscoresandworrywhetherourchildwillbeadmittedintoprestigiousuniversity.Mostofthetime,theirritatingchildorstudentwithlowscoresonlyreceivesnegativeattention.ConsideringthehueandcriesaboutteachingChinesestudentstobemorecreative,andtheconstantcomparisonsofthedifferencesbetweenEastandWesteducation,maybewearefutilelytryingtopoundsquarepegintoroundholes.Creativityisrelatedtoproblem-solvingability,andthefundamentaltruthisthatcreativityandeffectivenesscallsforafullyengagedmind.Ontheonehand,acreativepersonislikeafleshandbloodcomputer,collecting,assembling,arrangingandintegratingdata.Ontheotherhand,thecreativepersonistheattentivestudentoflife.Peoplewantingtoacquireacreativementalitymustfirstandforemostbeinthemind-setoffullyembracingalloftheirlearningexperience.Themindisthechain,andthevarietyofideasandexperiencesarethegears.Thepersonalorientationtowardachievementisanattitude.Learninganddemonstratingcreativedecision-makingisnotaby-productfrombeingconditionedtomemorizecorrectanswers,orretrieveexactbitsofdataforproducingahighfinalscore.Creativityisaby-productofmentalrisk-takingandexperimentation,andoneisfullyengagingpersonalthinkinginthefunofabstractplay:mentalgymnastics.5.單選題Hewasaskedtobethe(

)ofthebadmintongamebecausehewasanimpartialperson.問題1選項A.judgeB.umpireC.fanD.controller6.單選題Ityouweretobeginanewjobtomorrow,youwouldbringwithyousomebasicstrengthsandweaknesses.Successorfailure,inyouworkwoulddepend,to(1)greatextent,onyourabilitytouseyourstrengthsandweaknessestothebestadvantage.(2)

theutmostimportanceisyouraltitude.Apersonwhobeginsajobconvincedthatheisn’tgoingtolikeitoris

(3)

thatheisgoingtoallailisexhibitingaweaknesswhichcanonlyhinderhissuccess.Ontheotherhand,apersonwhoissecureinhisbeliefthatheisprobablyascapableofdoingtheworkasanyoneelseandwhoiswillingtomakeacheerfulattempt(4)

itpossessesacertainstrengthofpurpose.Thechancesarethathewilldowell.

(5)theprerequisiteskillsforaparticularjobisstrength.Lackingthoseskillsisobviouslyaweakness.Abookkeeperwhocan'tadd,oracarpenterwhocan'tcutastraightlinewithasaw(6)

hopelesscases.Thisbookhasbeendesignedtohelpyoucapitalize(7)

thestrengthandovercometheweaknessthatyoubringtothejoboflearning.Butingroupstomeasureyourdevelopment,youmustfirst(8)

stockofsomewhereyourstandnow.Aswegetfurtheralongmthebook,we'llbe

(9)

with,specificprocessesfordevelopingandstrengtheninglearningskills.However,tobeginwith,youshouldpausetoexamineyourpresentstrengthsandweaknessesinthreeareasthatarecriticaltoyoursuccessorfailureinschool;your

(10)

,yourreadingandcommunicationskills,and.yourstudyhabits.問題1選項A.aB.theC.someD.certain問題2選項A.OutofB.OfC.ToD.Into問題3選項A.ensureB.certainC.sureD.surely問題4選項A.nearB.onC.byD.at問題5選項A.HaveB.HadC.HavingD.Hadbeen問題6選項A.beingB.beenC.areD.is問題7選項A.exceptB.butC.forD.on問題8選項A.makeB.takeC.doD.give問題9選項A.dealB.dealtC.bedealtD.dealing問題10選項A.intelligenceB.workC.attitudeD.weakness7.單選題Shehasbeenmelancholyfornearlytwoweeks.問題1選項A.upsetB.sadC.voraciousD.satiated8.單選題Somepeoplethinkthata(

)translation,orword-for-wordtranslation,iseasierthanafreetranslation.問題1選項A.liberalB.literaryC.literalD.linear9.單選題Hehadheardtheverybadnews;butwhenhespoke,he______hisremarkstoafewhintsthatsaleshadslipped.問題1選項A.boundB.polishedC.optimizedD.confined10.單選題Successfulpoliticiansaregoodatgiving______answerstoquestionsondifficultissues.問題1選項A.definitiveB.ubiquitousC.ambiguousD.ineffable11.單選題Alltheoff-shoreoilexplorerswereinhighspiritsastheyreadlovinglettersfromthefamilies.問題1選項A.sentimentalB.affectionateC.intimateD.sensitive12.翻譯題FiveNationalHealthService(NHS)trustshavesignedpartnershipswithGoogletoprocesssensitivepatientrecords,inwhatarebelievedtobethefirstdealsoftheirkind.ThecollaborationscameafterDeepMind,theLondon-basedartificialintelligencecompanyownedbyAlphabet,transferredcontrolofitshealthdivisiontoitsCalifornianparent.DeepMindhadcontractstoprocessmedicaldatafromsixNHStruststodevelopitsapp,whichalertsdoctorsandnurseswhenpatientsareatriskofacutekidneyinjury,aswellastoconductAIresearch.FiveofthetrustschosetosigncontractswithGoogle.AccordingtopapersfromtheRoyalFree,thedatathatwillbesharedwithGooglewillincludedetailssuchasmedicalhistory,diagnoses,treatmentdatesandethnicorigin.13.單選題Comparisonsweredrawnbetweenthedevelopmentoftelevisioninthe20thcenturyandthediffusionofprintinginthe15thand16thcenturies.Yetmuchhadhappenedbetween.Aswasdiscussedbefore,itwasnotuntilthe19thcenturythatthenewspaperbecamethedominantpre-electronic(1),followinginthewakeofthepamphletandthebookandinthe(2)

oftheperiodical.Itwasduringthesametimethatthecommunicationsrevolution(3)

up,beginningwithtransport,therailway,andleading(4)

throughthetelegraph,thetelephone,radio,andmotionpicturesintothe20thcenturyworldofthemotorcarandtheairplane.Noteveryoneseesthatprocessin(5)

.Itisimportanttodoso.Itisgenerallyrecognized,however,thattheintroductionofthecomputerintheearly20thcentury,followedbytheinventionoftheintegratedcircuitduringthe1960s,radicallychangedtheprocess,althoughitsimpactonthemediawasnotimmediately(6)

.Astimewentby,computersbecamesmallerandmorepowerful,andtheybecame“personal”too,aswellasinstitutional,withdisplaybecomingsharperandstorage(7)

increasing.Theywerethoughtof,likepeople,

(8)generations,withthedistancebetweengenerationsmuchsmaller.Itwaswithinthecomputeragethattheterm“informationsociety”begantobewidelyusedto

describethecontextwithinwhichwenowlive.Thecommunicationsrevolutionhas(9)

bothworkandleisureandhowwethinkandfeelbothaboutplaceandtime,buttherehavebeencontroversialviewsaboutitseconomic,political,socialandculturalimplications.“Benefits”havebeenweighed(10)

“harmful”outcomes.Andgeneralizationshaveproveddifficult.問題1選項A.meansB.methodC.mediumD.measure問題2選項A.processB.companyC.lightD.form問題3選項A.gatheredB.speededC.workedD.picked問題4選項A.onB.outC.overD.off問題5選項A.conceptB.dimensionC.effectD.perspective問題6選項A.apparentB.desirableC.negativeD.plausible問題7選項A.abilityB.capabilityC.capacityD.faculty問題8選項A.bymeansofB.intermsofC.withregardtoD.inlinewith問題9選項A.regardedB.impressedC.influencedD.effected問題10選項A.aboveB.uponC.withD.against14.單選題

Evidencecameupthat______speechsoundsarerecognizedbybabiesasyoungas6monthsold.問題1選項A.specificB.distinctiveC.explicitD.blunt15.翻譯題FormanyChinesepeople,thebeginningof2011holdsthepromiseofafreshroundofeducationreforms,whichareexpectedtoboostthecountry’seducationqualitythroughincreasinggovernmentinvestment,narrowinggapsbetweenurbanandruralschools,achievinginternationallyacknowledgedhighereducationandreducingacademiccorruptionandbureaucracy.Accordingtothelandmarkreformplan,governmentinvestmentwillincreasesteadilytosupporttheeducationsector,witheducationexpenditureamountingto4%ofGDPby2012.Chinafirstpledgedtoincreaseitseducationspendingto4percentoftheGDPin1993,buthas,sofar,failedtoachievethetarget.Theplan,whichtookoneyearandninemonthstodrawupandinvitedpublicsubmissionontwoseparateoccasions,wasseenassettingthetoneforthedevelopmentofeducationsector,whichhaslongsufferedfromfundingshortageandunbalanceddevelopmentbetweenruralandurbanareas.Thedevelopmentofeducation,rangingfrompreschooleducationtovocationaleducationinruralareas,willbeapriorityofthecountry’soveralldevelopmentprograms.The22-chapterplansayspreschooleducationshouldbasicallybeuniversalby2020,andnine-yearcompulsoryeducationpolicyshouldbeconsolidated.Theenrolmentrateforseniormiddleschoolshouldbe90percentofschoolagechildren,whiletheenrolmentrateforhighereducationshouldbe40percentofhighschoolgraduates.ThekeyforChinatobuildworld-leveluniversitiesliesinauthorizingtheeducators,studentsandsocietytoassessthequalityofeducation,allowingprofessorstoconductacademicresearchwithfullfreedomandempoweringstudentstoparticipateinuniversityadministration.16.翻譯題TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish

隨著年歲的增長,精力日減,效率漸低,作風(fēng)漸延:激情有失,理智有增??磥?,這樣的互易不可能總是得失相當(dāng)?shù)?。但是,一定的年齡總有一定的長處。因此,可以告慰的是,即使你已度過了部分盛年,在未來的經(jīng)歷中,依然會有另一種盛年期的出現(xiàn)。某些重要的盛年期似乎在人生后期才達到頂峰。原始人一旦由于周圍的許多令人愉快的情景而第一次開口大笑了,又由于笑對周圍所產(chǎn)生的那些明顯的愉快的效果,笑就開始具有了人類社會所特有的價值。具有用爽朗的笑聲來傳播愉快能力的人,開始比他的較為嚴肅、古板的同事更能享受到社會的優(yōu)惠,從而使自己處于有利的地位。他成了個“善于交際的人”,在社交方面成了大家所推舉的人,受到社會的喜愛。當(dāng)今的世界,即非絲綢之路的吋代,亦非馬可波羅(MarcoPolo)吋代。從上海去東京,只需兩個多小時。從中國區(qū)地球另一端的美國,也能在日歷的同一天到達。昔日遙遠的地理距離,被現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)一下縮短到令人難以置信的程度。這是人類文明的共同成果。17.翻譯題人性的完整在于承認自己的缺陷,勇敢地摒棄不現(xiàn)實的幻想而又不以此為缺憾。人性的完整還在于意識到自己能夠使悲劇性的人生繼續(xù)存在下去,能夠在失去親人后依然表現(xiàn)出完整的個人風(fēng)范。當(dāng)我們承認瑕疵是構(gòu)成人性的一部分,同時又能繼續(xù)在生活中不懈地奮斗,并大大贊美這樣的人生價值時,我們就會獲得其他人僅能期盼的完整人生。我相信這就是上帝對我們的要求:不求“完美”,也不求“永不犯錯誤”,而是求得人性的“完整”。18.翻譯題以前人們常說,英國人享樂時也會郁郁不樂。如今,如果英國人真有什么樂趣可享的話,情況無疑還會依然如此,不過英國的煙酒價格構(gòu)成了足以令人憂愁的外因。有時我覺得,這種享樂時也郁郁不樂的癖性已經(jīng)傳到了大西洋彼岸,我不由得納悶:這么多講英語的人身體又健康,收入又豐厚,怎么人生觀卻如此消沉。我在美國旅行期間,注意到了一種根深蒂固的憂郁癥。我覺得這種憂郁癥似乎極其普遍,這就給社會改革家出了難題。大多數(shù)社會改革家認為,若是消除了貧困,有了經(jīng)濟保障,太平盛世就會到來。但是,無論在貴國還是在蔽國,看著坐在豪華轎車里的人們的面孔,卻見不到社會改革家引導(dǎo)人們期待的那種喜氣洋洋的神情。相反,十有八九,我看到的是一副厭倦不滿的神情,以及一種近似瘋狂的渴望,想找點東西吊起早已發(fā)膩的胃口。19.翻譯題Itwasableak,rainyday,andIhadnodesiretodriveupthewindingmountainroadtomydaughterCarolyn’shouse.ButshehadinsistedthatIcomeandseesomethingatthetopofthemountain.Turningdownanarrowtrack,weparkedthecarandgotout.Wewalkedalongapaththatwasthickwitholdpineneedles.Hugeblackgreenevergreenstoweredover.Graduallythepeaceandsilenceoftheplacebegantofillmymind.Thenweturnedacorner—andIstoppedandgaspedinamazement.Fromthetopofthemountain,slopingforseveralacresacrossfoldsandvalleyswereriversofdaffodilsinradiantbloom.Aprofusionofcolor—fromthepalestivorytothedeepestlemontothemostvividsalmon—blazedlikeacarpetbeforeus.Itlookedasthoughthesunhadtippedoverandspilledgolddownthemountainside.Ariotofquestionsfilledmymind.Whocreatedsuchbeauty?Why?How?Asweapproachedthehomethatstoodinthecenteroftheproperty,wesawasign:ANSWERSTOTHEQUESTIONSIKNOWYOUAREASKING.Thefirstanswerwas:ONEWOMAN—TWOHANDS,TWOFEETANDVERYLITTLEBRAIN.Thesecondwas:ONEATATIME.Thethird:STARTEDIN1958.Aswedrovehome,IwassomovedbywhatwehadseenthatIcouldscarcelyspeak.“Shechangedtheworld,”Ifinallysaid,“onebulbatatime.Shestartedalmost40yearsago,probablyjustthebeginningofanidea,butshekeptatit.”Thewonderofitwouldnotletmego.“Imagine,”Isaid,“ifI’dhadavisionandworkedatit,justalittlebiteveryday,whatmighthaveIaccomplished?”20.翻譯題Abstractionisanoldstorywiththephilosophers,butithasbeenlikeanewtoyinthehandsoftheartistsofourday.Whycan’twehaveanyonequalityofpoetrywechoosebyitself?Wecanhaveinthought.Thenitwillgohardifwecan’tinpractice.Ourlivesforit.Granted,noonebutahumanistmuchcareshowsoundapoemisifitisonlyasound.Thesoundisthegoldintheore.Thenwewillhavethesoundoutaloneanddispensewiththeinessential.Wedotillwemakethediscoverythattheobjectinwritingpoetryistomakeallpoemssoundasdifferentaspossiblefromeachother.Itshouldbeofthepleasureofapoemitselftotellhowitcan.Thefigureapoemmakes.Itbeginsindelightandendsinwisdom.Thefigureisthesameasforlove.Noonecanreallyholdthattheecstasyshouldbestaticandstandstillinoneplace.Itbeginsindelight,itinclinestotheimpulse,itassumesdirectionwiththefirstlinelaiddown,itrunsacourseofluckyevents,andendsinaclarificationoflife—notnecessarilyagreatclarification,suchassectsandcultsarefoundedon,butinamomentarystayagainstconfusion.Ithasdenouement.Ithasanoutcomethatthoughunforeseenwaspredestinedfromthefirstimageoftheoriginalmood—andindeedfromtheverymood.第1卷參考答案一.綜合題1.【答案】A【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項neglected“被忽視的”;B選項criticized“被批判的”;C選項overrated“被高估的”;D選項repudiated“被拒絕的”。句意:國際金融問題通常被美國的媒體所(),因為這些問題過于專業(yè)而不能給出一個生動活潑的標(biāo)題來,而且是非常難于被缺乏經(jīng)濟學(xué)背景的讀者來理解。由too...to可知,國際金融問題因為太過專業(yè)而不好給出一個生動活潑的標(biāo)題,所以空格應(yīng)填的選項是由于文章標(biāo)題而不能給出impressive的效果。因此A選項正確。2.【答案】A【解析】考查虛擬語氣。表示“建議、要求、命令”等意思的詞相關(guān)的從句謂語部分要用should+動詞原形,should可以省略,因此選A。句意:最終的建議是試用期雇員一個學(xué)期參見一次特殊夜校學(xué)習(xí)。3.【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞辨析。sophisticated意為“見多識廣的,老練的”;competitive意為“競爭的,比賽的”;considerate意為“考慮周到的,體貼的”;superficial意為“膚淺的,表面的”。由前面because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語,可知好大學(xué)的學(xué)位意味著好更好的工作,故此推測教育領(lǐng)域具有競爭性,因此選B。句意:因為一所好大學(xué)的學(xué)位是獲得更好工作的手段,所以教育是日本人生活中最具競爭的領(lǐng)域之一。4.【答案】【參考譯文】今天,我們焦慮地查著考試分數(shù),擔(dān)心小孩是否有望被名牌大學(xué)錄取。大多數(shù)情況下,令人惱火的小孩或分數(shù)低的學(xué)生僅得到消極的關(guān)心。在呼吁提高中國學(xué)生創(chuàng)造性的抗議聲和中西方教育差異的對比的影響下,我們的做法無異于方枘圓鑿不得其所。創(chuàng)造力通常與問題解決能力相關(guān),而且基本的事實是創(chuàng)造力和有效性需要全神貫注的頭腦。一方面,一個有創(chuàng)造力的人如同一臺有血有肉的計算機,對數(shù)據(jù)進行收集、匯集、整理和整合;另一方面,有創(chuàng)造力的人是生活中最細心的學(xué)生。想要擁有創(chuàng)造性頭腦的人必須首先下定決心去徹底領(lǐng)會所有的學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷。頭腦是鏈條,而各種想法和經(jīng)歷是齒輪。個人的成就取向是一種態(tài)度。學(xué)習(xí)和展示創(chuàng)造性的決策,并不是為了獲得高分而習(xí)慣于記住正確答案或檢索精確數(shù)據(jù)的副產(chǎn)品。創(chuàng)造力是一種腦力冒險和試驗的副產(chǎn)品,且創(chuàng)造力需要完全地讓個人的思考忙于抽象活動(即腦力訓(xùn)練)的樂趣中。5.【答案】B【解析】考查名詞辨析。judge意為“法官,審判員”,泛指各種場合中的評判人員;umpire意為“裁判員”多用于仲裁者本身不需隨比賽移動位置,如羽毛球、游泳、板球、棒球等;fan意為“迷,狂熱愛好者,風(fēng)扇”;controller意為“(尤指大型機構(gòu)或部門的)管理者,控制者”。由thebadmintongame(羽毛球比賽)可知選B。句意:他被要求擔(dān)任羽毛球比賽的裁判,因為他是一個公正的人。6.【答案】第1題:A第2題:B第3題:C第4題:D第5題:C第6題:D第7題:D第8題:B第9題:D第10題:C【解析】(1)考查固定搭配。toagreatextent為固定搭配,意為“很大程度上,非常”。(2)of與名詞連用,表示具有某種性質(zhì),狀態(tài),位于句首,表示強調(diào)。正常語序為:Yourattitudeisoftheutmostimportance.(beof+名詞)(3)考查固定搭配。or后面省略了主語he,besurethat后面加從句,此處表示“或肯定不適應(yīng)這項工作”。(4)考查固定搭配。attempt用作名詞時,意為“努力,嘗試,試圖”。makeanattemptonsth.“試圖奪取”,makeanattemptat意為“打算,試圖”。(5)考查非謂語動詞。句子“25theprerequisiteskillsforaparticularjobisstrength.”缺少主語,have與theprerequisite之間是主動關(guān)系,故用其動名詞形式,表示“具有某一工作的必要技能是一個優(yōu)勢”。(6)考查主謂一致。or連接兩個并列主語時,謂語動詞采用就近原則,即謂語與靠近的名詞在“人稱,數(shù)”上保持一致。“abookkeeper...oracarpenter”是本句的主語,因此謂語動詞用單選,選D。(7)考查固定搭配。capitalizeon是固定搭配,意為“充分利用某事物”。(8)考查固定搭配。takestockof是固定搭配,意為“估計,考慮”。(9)考查時態(tài)。句子“Aswegetfurtheralongmthebook,we'llbe_____with,specificprocessesfordevelopingandstrengtheninglearningskills.(隨著我們進一步了解這本書,我們將詳細論述發(fā)展和加強學(xué)習(xí)技能的具體過程)”為將來時,因此選D。(10)考查邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)前面的“______theutmostimportanceisyourattitude”可知此處選C,與文章前面的內(nèi)容相呼應(yīng)。7.【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞辨析。melancholy意為“悲傷的,憂郁的”;upset意為“心煩的;混亂的”,指因為受挫而沮喪;sad意為“難過的,悲哀的”,指感情上的悲傷;voracious意為“貪吃的,求知欲強的”;satiated意為“滿足的”。句意:她已經(jīng)憂郁了將近兩周了。8.【答案】C【解析】考查形容詞辨析。liberal意為“自由的”;literary意為“文學(xué)的”;literal意為“文字上的,字面的”;linear意為“直線的,線形的”。由句中的than可知是與afreetranslation(意譯)相比較,翻譯一般分為意譯與直意,因此選C。句意:有些人認為直譯,或者說逐字逐句的翻譯,比意譯容易。9.【答案】D【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項bound“綁;裝訂;包扎;凝固”;B選項polished“拋光,擦亮;修改,潤色;(使)完美,改進”;C選項optimized“優(yōu)化;持樂觀態(tài)度;使最優(yōu)化,使完善”;D選項confined“限制,使局限;禁止離開,關(guān)押;臥床分娩”。句意:他聽到了這個壞消息,但當(dāng)他對員工們講話時,他把自己的話______在一些暗示銷售下滑的跡象上。此處填“限制”一詞最符合句意,所以D選項正確。10.【答案】C【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項definitive“最后的;最佳的;最權(quán)威的”;B選項ubiquitous“普遍存在的;無所不在的”;C選項ambiguous“模糊不清的,模棱兩可的;不明確的,不明朗的;引起歧義的”;D選項ineffable“不可言喻的;不應(yīng)說出的;難以形容的”。句意:成功的政治家善于對棘手問題給出______答案。政治家的重要職能便是處理爭端和分配利益,所以他們的回答不能太過絕對化,此處填“模棱兩可的”更符合句意,所以C選項正確。11.【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞辨析。loving意為“愛的,充滿愛的”;sentimental意為“傷感的”;affectionate意為“深情的,摯愛的”;intimate意為“親密的,親近的”;sensitive意為“敏感的”。句意:所有的海上石油探險家在讀家里寄來的充滿愛的信件時都興高采烈。12.【答案】【參考譯文】英國國家醫(yī)療服務(wù)體系的五家信托公司與谷歌簽署了合作伙伴關(guān)系,以處理敏感的患者記錄,這被認為是此類交易的首次。此前,總部位于倫敦的Alphabet旗下人工智能公司DeepMind將其醫(yī)療部門的控制權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓給了位于加州的母公司。DeepMind與NHS簽訂了合同,處理來自6個信托機構(gòu)的醫(yī)療數(shù)據(jù),以開發(fā)自己的應(yīng)用,以及進行人工智能研究。當(dāng)患者面臨急性腎損傷風(fēng)險時,該應(yīng)用會向醫(yī)生和護士發(fā)出警報。其中5家信托公司選擇與谷歌簽訂合同。根據(jù)皇家自由報的文件,谷歌將共享的數(shù)據(jù)包括病史、診斷、治療日期和種族等細節(jié)。13.【答案】第1題:C第2題:B第3題:B第4題:A第5題:D第6題:A第7題:C第8題:B第9題:C第10題:D【解析】(1)考查邏輯關(guān)系。mean意為“方法,手段”;method意為“方法”;medium意為“(傳播信息的)媒介,手段”;measure意為“測量,度量”。由句中的newspaper可知它屬于一種媒介,因此選C。(2)考查固定搭配。intheprocessof意為“在……的過程中”;inthecompanyof意為“伴隨,在……的陪同下,當(dāng)著……的面”;inthelightof意為“鑒于,由于,按照”;intheformof意為“用……的形式”??崭裉幣c“inthewakeof(緊緊跟隨,隨著……而來)”相對應(yīng),因此選B,表示“繼小冊子和圖書之后,與期刊一起……”(3)考查詞組辨析。gatherup意為“概括,收集起”;speedup意為“(使)加速”;workup意為“激發(fā)(熱情),鼓起(勇氣)”;pickup意為“拿起,撿起”。由“thecommunicationsrevolution(通訊革命)______up,beginningwithtransport,therailway(從運輸開始,鐵路)...hthetelegraph,thetelephone,radio,andmotionpictures(電報、電話、收音機和電影)”可推測是對通訊革命發(fā)展的介紹,B選項最符合邏輯,表示“通訊革命的發(fā)展也加快了步伐”。(4)考查詞組辨析。leadon意為“代領(lǐng)……繼續(xù)前進,繼續(xù)引領(lǐng),勸誘,哄騙”;leadout意為“出發(fā),開始”;leadover意為“領(lǐng)先”;leadoff意為“起始于(某處),開始”。由句中的狀語“beginningwithtransport,therailway,andleading______throughthetelegraph,thetelephone,radio,andmotionpicturesintothe20thcenturyworldofthemotorcarandtheairplane(從運輸、鐵路開始,……到電報、電話、收音機和電影,知道20世紀的汽車和飛機時代)”可知A選項最符合邏輯。(5)考查固定搭配。inperspective為固定搭配,意為“正確地”。此句意為“并不是每一個人都能正確地看待這個過程”。(6)考查形容詞辨析。apparent意為“顯而易見,顯然的,表明的”;desirable意為“令人滿意的”;negative意為“消極的,否認的”;plausible意為“(借口或解釋)有道理的,可信的,花言巧語的”。although引導(dǎo)的是讓步狀語從句,由前面的“radicallychangedtheprocess(從根本上改變了這個過程)”可推測“對媒體的影響并不是很明顯”,因此選A。(7)考查名詞辨析。ability意為“能力,資格”;capability意為“才能,能力”;capacity意為“容量”;faculty意為“能力,全體教員”。由“storage(儲存,貯存)”可知C選項最符合邏輯。(8)考查詞組辨析。bymeansof意為“用,依靠,借助于”;intermsof意為“根據(jù),按照,在……方面”;withregardto意為“關(guān)于”;inlinewith意為“跟……一致,符合”。由“withthedistancebetweengenerationsmuchsmaller(代與代之間的差距逐近變?。笨芍颂幨菍⒂嬎銠C按照“人”的“代”來劃分的,因此選B。(9)考查動詞辨析。regard意為“認為,當(dāng)作”;impress意為“給……留下深刻印象”;influence意為“影響”;effect作動詞時,意為“使發(fā)生,引起”,作名詞時,意為“影響,結(jié)果”。由后面的“implications(可能的影響,暗指)”可推測此處指對工作等方面的影響,因此選C。(10)考查詞義辨析。此處是將““benefits”與“harmful”是對立關(guān)系,weigh表示“認真考慮,權(quán)衡”,四個選項中只有“against”含有“反對,與……相反”,因此選D。14.【答案】A【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項specific“特殊的,特定的;明確的;詳細的”,著重指某種、某類事物具有的特殊或特定的屬性;B選項distinctive“獨特的,有特色的;與眾不同的”,常被用來突出某個特點,也就是說由于某個特點的存在使其不同于其他的人或事物;C選項explicit“明確的;清楚的;直率的;詳述的”;D選項blunt“鈍的,不鋒利的;生硬的;直率的”。句意:有證據(jù)表明,6個月大的嬰兒就能識別______語音。此處強調(diào)語音,用“特定的”一詞修飾更符合句意,所以A選項正確。15.【答案】【參考譯文】對許多中國人而言,2011年初有望進行新一輪教育改革,通過增加政府投資、縮小城鄉(xiāng)差距、取得國際承認的高等教育、減少學(xué)術(shù)腐敗和官僚主義,來實現(xiàn)中國的教育質(zhì)量的提高。根據(jù)這個具有里程碑意義的改革計劃,政府支持教育部門的投資將會穩(wěn)步增加,到2012年,教育經(jīng)費將總計達到國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的百分之四。中國在1993年首次承諾將教育經(jīng)費增加至國內(nèi)成產(chǎn)總值的百分之四,但到目前為止還沒有達到該目標(biāo)。這個耗費了一年又九個月時間來起草并在兩個單獨場合邀請公眾提供意見的計劃,被視為為長期遭受資金短缺的城鄉(xiāng)發(fā)展不平衡的教育部門的發(fā)展奠定了基礎(chǔ)。農(nóng)村地區(qū)從學(xué)前教育到職業(yè)教育的教育發(fā)展將是我國整體發(fā)展規(guī)劃中的一個重點。這個有二十二個章節(jié)的計劃稱,學(xué)前教育到2020年時應(yīng)該基本普及且九年義務(wù)教育政策應(yīng)該被鞏固。高中的升學(xué)率應(yīng)該是兒童的90%,而高等教育的升學(xué)率應(yīng)該是高中畢業(yè)生的40%。中國建設(shè)世界級大學(xué)的關(guān)鍵在于授權(quán)教育工作者、學(xué)生和社會去評估教學(xué)質(zhì)量,允許教授自由進行學(xué)術(shù)研究,允許學(xué)生參加大學(xué)的管理。16.【答案】Asweage,wetradestrengthforingenuity,speedforthoroughnessandpassionforreason.Theseexchangesmaynotalwaysseemfair,butateveryage,therearesomeadvantages.Soitisreassuringtonotethatevenifyou’vepassedsomeofyour“primes”,youstillhaveotherprimeyearstoexperienceinthefuture.Itseemsthatsomeprimeperiodwillreachitspeaklaterinourlife.Oncetheprimitivemenburstoutlaughingforthefirsttimebecauseofsomethingpleasantaroundthem,andthenthelaughbringstheobviouslypleasanteffectaround,thelaughhashadvaluethatthehumanbeingsisholding.Thepersonwhopossessestheabilitytospreadhappinessbybrightandclearlaughwillgetmoresocialbenefitsthanhisseriousandstuffycolleagues,whichgetshiminanadvantageousposition.Thushebecomesa“goodmixer”whoiscommendedbyothers,especiallygiftedsocially.TheworldtodayisneithertheeraofSilkRoad,northeageofMarcoPolo.ItjusttakesabouttwohoursfromShanghaitoTokyo.Onthesamedayonthecalendar,youalsocanarriveintheUnitedStatesontheothersideoftheearthfromChina.Thefargeographicdistanceoftheolddayshasbeenshortenedtoanunbelievableextentbymodernscienceandtechnology.It’sthecommonachievementsbroughtaboutbytheprogressofhumancivilization.17.【答案】【參考譯文】Thereisawholenesstohumannaturethatconsistsinadmittingourlimitations,inbeingbraveenoughtoletgoofunrealisticdreamsandnotfeellikeafailurefordoingso.Thereisawholenessaboutthemanorwomanwhohaslearnedthatheorsheisstrongenoughtogothroughatragedyandsurvive,canlosesomeoneandbestilllikeacompleteperson.Whenweacceptthatimperfectionispartofbeinghuman,andwhenwecancontinuerollingthroughlifeandappreciateit,wewillhaveachievedawholenessthatotherscanonlyaspireto.That,Ibelieve,iswhatgodasksofus—not“beperfect”,not“donotevenmakeamistake”,but“bewhole”.18.【答案】【參考譯文】ItusedtobesaidthatEnglishpeopletaketheirpleasuresadly.Thiswouldnodoubtstillbethecasetodayiftheyhadanypleasuretotake,butthepriceofalcoholandtobaccoinBritishhasprovidedsufficientexternalcausesformelancholy.IhavesometimesthoughtthatthehabitoftakingpleasuresadlyhascrossedtheAtlantic,andIhavewonderedwhatitisthatmakessomanyEnglish-speakingpeoplesomberintheiroutlookinspiteofgoodhealthandagoodincome.DuringmytravelsintheAmerica,Ihavebeenimpressedbyakindoffundamentalmalaisewhichseemstomeextremelycommonandwhichposesdifficultproblemsforthesocialreformer.Mostsocialreformershaveheldtheopinionthat,ifpovertywereabolishedandtherewerenomoreeconomicinsecurity,themillenniumwouldhavearrived.ButwhenIlookatthefacesofpeopleinluxurycars,whetherinyourcountryorinmine,Idonotseethatlookofradianthappinesswhichtheaforesaidsocialreformershadledpeopletoexpect.Inalllikelihood,onthecontrary,Iseeinsteadalookofboredomanddiscontentandanalmostfranticlongingforsomethingthatmightticklethejadedpalate.19.【答案】【參考譯文】凄風(fēng)細雨,山路蜿蜒,我毫無興致驅(qū)車前往女兒卡羅琳的家。可女兒一定要我前去看看山頂上的景致。轉(zhuǎn)過一條狹窄的小道我們停下車出來,沿著鋪滿厚厚一層松針的小路走去。頭頂上高大的墨綠色常青樹聳入云霄。漸漸地這地方的平和寧靜開始令我陶醉。然后我們拐了個彎,我停下了腳步,驚詫不已。從山頂往下好幾英畝的山坡上,滿是怒放的水仙花,猶如江河直下,越過山坳,穿過峽谷,一片五彩繽紛:有潔凈無比的象牙白,有極其濃郁的檸檬黃,有鮮艷奪目的鮭魚橙,如同一幅地毯展現(xiàn)在我們而前,令人眼花繚亂。仿佛太陽傾翻了,把一片金光溢瀉到了山坡上。一大堆問題在我的腦海中翻騰。誰創(chuàng)造了這種美景?為什么要創(chuàng)造?又是如何創(chuàng)造的?我們走近這塊寶地中央的屋子,只見一塊牌子上寫著:我知道你要問的問題,答案如下。答案一:一位婦女,一雙手,兩只腳,而且天資不高。答案二:一次種一株。答案三:開始于1958年。驅(qū)車回家的路上,我為所見的一切感動不已,無言以對?!八脑炝耸澜?,”我終于說道?!耙淮畏N一株。她幾乎40年前就開始了。當(dāng)時也許只是一念之閃,但她持之以恒?!边@一奇觀令我回味良久?!霸囅?,”我說道,“如果我有一個夢想,并為之努力,每天干一點,最后我會做出怎樣的成績呢?”20.【答案】【參考譯文】抽象對哲學(xué)家來說已是輕車熟路,但對當(dāng)代藝術(shù)家們卻還是比較陌生。為什么我們不能把詩本身的特質(zhì)抽象出來呢?我們可以意會這種特質(zhì)的存在,但是如果我們不能實際找出這種特質(zhì),那么它是否存在可能就會成為一個問題。我們的生命向往那種特質(zhì)。如果詩真的只是一種音律,我們認為只有古典文學(xué)愛好者才會關(guān)注它的完美。音律就像摻在礦石里的金子,我們只需把金子挑出,拋棄其他非必要之物。過去我們一直這樣認識,直到發(fā)現(xiàn)寫詩的目標(biāo)竟然是盡量使得所有詩彼此不同。如果一首詩本身能說明它的形成過程,這將是非常愉快的。這就是一首詩的思路歷程:它從愉悅的激情開始,以智慧的理性結(jié)束。這歷程同愛情一樣,沒有人能夠讓那種強烈的情感靜止于一點。它以愉悅的激情開始,趨向狂熱的沖動,追蹤著寫出第一行詩所設(shè)定的方向,經(jīng)歷一系列妙手偶得的過程,達到一個恬適寧靜的人生境界。并不需要宗教儀式里的那種莊嚴偉大,只要能片刻脫離塵世的紛擾。它有一個結(jié)束,它的結(jié)束雖難以預(yù)料但卻已由其最初展現(xiàn)的心情注定,的確是完全由原來心情確定。第2卷一.綜合題(共20題)1.單選題Inanycommercialtransactionaconsumermusthaveconfidencethatthebusinesswhoseproducttheyareabouttopurchaseisreliableandthattheproductbeingofferedisworththepricethatispaid.Theimportanceingainingandmaintainingisespeciallytruewhentheconsumerandbusinessdonotsharecommonalitiesofgeography,cultureand/orlegalframework.Thebestcompaniesalwaysunderstandthisexpectationandcontinuallystrivetoexceedit.Othercompanies-includingmanyneweronlinemerchants---mayhavegoodintentions,butlacktheskillsorexperiencetoturntheconsumer’sexpectationintoareality.Afewcompanieswillintentionallyseektoexploitthisconsumer'sexpectation.Howtoseparatethesecompaniesinavirtualworldisnotalwayseasy,andhasbeenthesubjectofintensivediscussionbyconsumergroups,businessesandgovernments.Moreover,policingthecompaniesinthevirtualmarketplaceisperceivedtoadauntingchallenge.Thesediscussionshavegenerallyfocusedonthreekeyideas.CodesofConductforOn-lineBusiness:Individualcorporations,businessassociationsand/orgovernmentsaroundtheworldhaveworkedtodevelopCodesofConduct,Guidelines.Principles,orBestPractice,etc.foron-linebusinesses.TheydescribetheactionsthataCompanyshouldtaketoprotectaconsumer’srights.Theymaybeincludedonthecompany’swebsiteandaconsumercanreviewthembeforemakingapurchase.Trademark:Toincreaseconsumer'sconfidencethatacompanywillactinaccordancewithacodeofconductorbestpractices,athirdparty"Tmstmark"isoftenused.Theconceptisthatbydisplaying"Trustmark'.Thecompanyrepresentsthatitissubjecttoexternaloversight.Thecompanywouldnotbeallowedtodisplaythethirdpartymarkifthecompany’sactionwereinconsistentwithwhatiscontainedinthe"CodeofConduct"orsimilardocument.Trustmark’saremostusefulwhentheyhavestrongbrandrecognitionandcredibilityamongcustomers.DisputeResolution:Consumer'sconfidencereliesonthebeliefthatanydisputewillbesettledquicklyandfairlyeitherbythecompanydirectlyorthroughsomeothermeans.Inthebricksandmortarworldaconsumerusuallyhastheabilitytoinspectproductbeforepurchasingitand---ifitisdefective-returnitforarefund,repairorreplacement.Mostofcompaniesseethisformofdisputeresolutionastheirownbestinterestandanextensionoftheircustomerrelationprograms.Whilethesameholdstrueintheworldofon-linetransactions,thecriticaldifferenceisthataconsumercan'tinspecttheproductbeforepurchasing,andinsteadhastorelyonthemerchant'sphotosordescriptionsoftheproduct.Inboththetraditionalandon-lineworld,whendisputecannotberesolveddirectlybetweentheconsumerandthecompany,themerchantandtheconsumermustresorttoothermeans.Theseoftenincludeappealstoconsumerprotectionagencies,recoursetothecourts,oruseofalternativedisputeresolutionsystems.1.Thetopicofthearticleis(

).2.Whenthereexistdifferencesinculture,legalframeworkandgeographybetweenconsumersandbusinesses,whatappear(s)moreimportant?3.Whatarethethreefocusesdiscussedandconsideredimportantinmarketplace?4.InwhichcaseisTrustmarkmostinfluential?5.Whatareotherwaystoresolvedisputesbesidesrefund,repairandreplacement?問題1選項A.meetingconsumer'sexpectationinthemarketplaceB.resolvingdisputeC.displayingTrustmark’sD.settingcodesofconduct問題2選項A.Thebusiness'sreliability.

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