應(yīng)用文寫作指導(dǎo)之道歉信講義2023屆高三英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)

應(yīng)用文寫作指導(dǎo)之抱歉信講義一、抱歉信的重要用途(aletterofapology)“抱歉〞是生活中難免的行為，也是禮貌優(yōu)雅的行為。正是由于“抱歉〞，我們可以化為難的時(shí)刻為暖心舒人的禮物,

正如名言所說(shuō)：Anapologyislovelyperfume,whichcantransformtheclumsiestmomentintoagraciousgift〔抱歉是一種可愛(ài)的香水，它能把最為難的時(shí)刻變成一份令人舒適的禮物〕。抱歉信，也是高考應(yīng)用文中的重要一種。2016年全國(guó)卷III就是要求同學(xué)們寫抱歉信?！獰o(wú)論是基于生活的需要，還是出于備考的需要，我們都要把握抱歉信的寫法。二、“抱歉信〞的總體結(jié)構(gòu)通常狀況下，抱歉信包括四局部：表示歉意、說(shuō)明緣由、彌補(bǔ)方法和再表歉意。四局部可以寫成三自然段，也就是把“說(shuō)明緣由〞和“彌補(bǔ)方法〞合在其次段里，當(dāng)然，也可以將它們拆開(kāi)，這樣就形成四個(gè)自然段。抱歉信的總體框架可參考以下圖。三、“抱歉信〞各局部寫什么〔一〕第一段寫什么？開(kāi)門見(jiàn)山表歉意(1)I’msorrytosaythatIcannotgotothebookstorewithyouonFridayafternoon.(2)Iamwritingtoexpress/conveymysincere/heartfeltapologytoyouformybeingunabletotravelwithyou.(3)IfeelterriblysorrythatIcannotgotoYunnaninJulywithyouasplanned.(4)I’mawfullysorryforthesuddenchangeofplanandfeelitagreatpitytomisstheopportunity.(5)I’mawfullysorrytotellyouthatIwon’tbeabletoattendthelectureontheBritishliteraturethisSundaymorning.NowI’mwritingtoexpressmydeepestapologytoyou.

(6)IamexcessivelysorrytotellyouthatIhavelostthebookIborrowedfromyou.NowI'mexpressingmydeepestapologyformycarelessness.【注】有些狀況下，如由于拒絕“別人盛意邀請(qǐng)〞而致歉，我們可以首先表達(dá)一下謝意，然后再表達(dá)歉意。例如：(7)Thankyouverymuchforinvitingmetoattendthe

“ChineseCultureDay〞

tobeheldatyourschoolthisSaturday.Ihavebeenlookingforwardtoit.Butnow,IamsorrytosaythatIcannotgoforitontime.〔二〕其次段寫什么？1、先寫主題句：(1)

Thereasonisthat+X.

(2)

ThereasonwhyIwillfailtogothereforourappointment

isthat+X.(3)Hereisthereason/thing.2、再寫解釋句：(1)

Thereasonisthatmyleftfootwasinjured.IfelloffmybikeyesterdaywhenIwasonmywaytoschool,andthedoctorinsistedthatIshouldstayinbedforatleasttwoweeks.

(2)

ThereasonwhyIwillfailtogothereforourappointmentisthatIhavetoattendafamilygettogethertomorrowwhenmycousinPeterwillreturnhomefromBeijing.(3)

ThereasonwhyIdidn’tfinishthebookreportontimeisthatIsuddenlyfellilllastFridaymorning.MyparentssentmetohospitalandIhadtostaythereforthenextthreedays.Therefore,therewasnotenoughtimeformetofinishthehomework.(4)Hereisthereason.

Mygrandfather,whoisinhis70s,fellonthegroundsuddenlywhilehavingashoweryesterday.Hewassoseriouslyinjuredthathewassenttohospitalatonce.NowheisreceivingtreatmentandImustlookafterhim.

(5)Hereisthereason.

Icaughtabadcoldandhadahighfever,whichmademehaveaheadacheandsleepallday.SobaddidIfeelthatIcouldn’tdomyhomeworkintime.NowIhavetowastnotimefinishingthem.SoIcannotgowithyou.

(倒裝句的使用)(6)Hereisthething.

Justnow,mycousin,LiYing,whowentabroadforfurthereducationlastyear,informedmethatshewouldreturnthenextFridaymorning.Sheaskedmetopickherupattheairport.

SoIhavetobreakourappointment.

(breakanappointment

爽約，失約)3、還寫“補(bǔ)救措施〞句(1)

CanIsuggestthatweputitoffuntilearlyAugust?

(2)

WouldyoumindifIsuggestedyouandmehaveaprivatemeetingafterwards?(

=

Wouldyou

mind

if

I

smoked?=

Doyou

mind

if

I

smoke?

這里woulddo與ifsbdid

連用表委婉

)(3)Iwouldappreciateitifyoufixanothertime.I’llbeavailableatanytimeafterthecontest.(4)

Isitpossibleforustorearrangethetimetowatchthemovie?

Ifit’sconvenientforyou,let’smeetat8:30outsidetheschoolgate.Ifnot,letmeknowwhattimesuitsyoubest.Ishouldbeavailableanytimeafterschoolnextweek.(5)

Feelingawfullysorry,Ihaveboughtanewbooktomakeupformyfault.〔三〕第三段寫什么？〔再次致歉、盼望得到理解〕(1)

Isincerelyapologizeagainformymistake.

(2)ManyapologiesagainforalltheinconvenienceI’vecausedyou.Bestregards.(3)

Ihopethatyouwillunderstandandforgiveme.(4)

Isincerelyhopeyoucanunderstandmysituationandacceptmyapology.(5)

IamtrulysorryforwhatIdidandhopeyoucanacceptmysincereapology.

(6)

Iapologizeagainforanyinconvenienceortroublecausedbymycarelessness.Definitely,suchathingwillneverhappenagain.

(7)

Isincerelyhopethatyouwillbeabletothinkinmypositionandacceptmyapologyfromthebottomofheart.

四、典例呈現(xiàn)【考例1】

(2016新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷III)

假定你是李華，與留同學(xué)伴侶Bob約好一起去書(shū)店，因故不能赴約。請(qǐng)給他寫封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.表示歉意；

2.說(shuō)明緣由；

3.另約時(shí)間。

留意：1．詞數(shù)100左右；

2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫?！緟⒖挤段陌姹?】DearBob,I’msorrytosaythatIcannotgotothebookstorewithyouonFridayafternoon.ThereasonisthatIhavetoattendanimportantclassmeetingthatafternoon.Ihopethechangewillnotcauseyoutoomuchtrouble.ShallwegoonSaturdaymorning?Wecansetoutearlysothatwewillhavemoretimetoreadandselectbooks.Ifit’sconvenientforyou,let’smeetat8:30outsidetheschoolgate.Ifnot,letmeknowwhattimesuitsyoubest.Ishouldbeavailableanytimeafterschoolnextweek.Iwouldliketoexpressmysincereapologyagain.Yours,LiHua【參考范文版本2】DearBob,I’msorrytosaythatImighthavenochoicebuttobreakmypromiseofgoingtothebookstorewithyou.Hereisthereason.IhavejustbeeninformedthatourclassisgoingtoholdanimportantmeetingonSaturdayafternoonexactlythetimeweshallmeet.Whatanawfulcoincidence!Ifeelsosorryaboutit.NowthatI’mnotabletobepresentontime,shallwechooseanothertime?I’llbeavailableanytimeafterthemeeting.WillSundaymorningsuitsyourconvenience?Ifso,wecanmeetthenandI’msurewewillhaveagoodtimetogether.Imakeanapologyagainfornotgoingtothebookstorewithyouaspromised.Isincerelywishwecanhavefunnexttime.【參考范文版本3】DearBob,Iwouldliketoexpressmydeepestapologyfor

notbeingabletogotothebookstorewithyouonFridayafternoon.Hereisthething.IhavejustfoundthatIhavetoattendanimportantclassmeetingthatafternoon.

Sourgentisit

thatIhavetogetourplanchanged(倒裝句使用).Ihopethechangewillnotcauseyoutoomuchtrouble.

ShallwegoonSaturdaymorning?Wecansetoutearlysothatwe’llhavemoretimetoreadandselectbooks.Ifit’sconvenientforyou,let’smeetat8:30outsidetheschoolgate.Ifnot,letmeknowwhattimesuitsyoubest.Ishouldbeavailableanytimeafterschoolnextweek.

Iamawfully(副詞的運(yùn)用)sorryforyourinconveniencecausedbymeagain.〔再次抱歉〕Yours,LiHua【參考范文版本4】DearBob,I'mwritingtoexpressmysincereapology

toyou

fornotgoingtothebookstore

withyouatourappointedtime.I’msorryfortheinconvenienceitmaycauseyou.ThereasonwhyIwon’tbeavailable

atthattimeis

thatmyfatherfeltill

suddenlyyesterdayandnowheisinhospital.Myfamily

aretakingturnsto

takecareofhiminthehospital.SoIhavetostaywithhimthatday.Isincerelyhope

youcanacceptmyapologies.

Meanwhile,Iwouldappreciateitifyoucould

allowmetofix

anotherdate.

Ifit’sconvenientforyou,shallwemeetat8:00amnextSaturday?Ifnot,please

keepmeinformedinadvanceof

whattimesuitsyoubest.Sorryagain

for

the

inconvenience

causedbyme.Yours,LiHua【考例2】假定你是李華，你的好友Tom想約你明晚和他家人共進(jìn)晚餐，但你因故不能應(yīng)約。請(qǐng)依據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)用英語(yǔ)給他寫一封郵件：

1.表示歉意

2.解釋緣由

3.彌補(bǔ)方法。留意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.

可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫?！緟⒖挤段摹緿earTom,I’mwritingtoconveymysincereapologyto

youforbeingunabletoattendthedinnerwithyourfamilytomorrow.Hereisthething.Iwasinformedsuddenlythatanimportantexamwouldbeheldthedayaftertomorrow.SoIwillbefullyoccupiedthesedays.Ifeelterriblysorryformissingthechanceofsuchahappygettogetherandcausingyoutrouble.

WouldyoumindifIsuggestedyouandmehaveaprivatemeetingafterwards?Ifso,please

don’thesitateto

dropmealineaboutyourpreferabledate.Iamtrulysorryforanyinconvenienceortroublecausedbymeand

hopeyoucanacceptmysincereapology.

Yours

LiHua【考例3】假設(shè)你是新華中學(xué)的同學(xué)李華，你和在上海上學(xué)的英國(guó)伴侶Tom約好下周末去北京旅游，但你因故不能赴約。請(qǐng)依據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)用英語(yǔ)給他寫一封電子郵件：1.

表示歉意；2.

解釋緣由；3.

另約時(shí)間。留意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.

可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。【參考范文】DearTom,Iamwritingtoexpressmyheartfeltapologytoyouformybeingunabletotravelwithyou.ThereasonisthatIamunexpectedlychosentotakepartintheCCTVnationalEnglishspeechcontestnextweekend,whichreallymeansalottome.Asaresult,Ihavenochoicebuttobreakmypromise.Iwouldappreciateitifyoufixanothertime.I’llbeavailableatanytimeafterthecontest.Pleasedropmealinetoletmeknowyourdecisionsoon.Isincerelyhopeyouwillunderstandmychoiceandacceptmyapology.Yourstruly,LiHua【考例4】假設(shè)你是新華中學(xué)的同學(xué)李華，你的伴侶Tom一周前給你發(fā)電子郵件，詢問(wèn)你暑假里的準(zhǔn)備，但你因預(yù)備期末考試未能準(zhǔn)時(shí)回復(fù)。請(qǐng)依據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)給他回封郵件：1.

未準(zhǔn)時(shí)回信的緣由；2.

你假期的準(zhǔn)備〔如：做兼職、旅行、做志愿者等〕【參考范文】DearTom,I’mterriblysorrythatIcouldn’treplytoyouremailwhichyousentmeaweekagoimmediately.Pleaseforgiveme.ThereasonisthatIwassooccupiedwiththefinalexams.Definitely,suchathingwillneverhappenagain.

Asformyplanfortheingsummerholiday,Iwillfirstdoaparttimejobinafastfoodrestaurant.IhopethatnotonlycanIearnsomemoneybutalsoIcangainsomesocialexperience.AndthenIwillgoonatriptoSichuan,wherethereareagreatnumberofplacesofinterest.Finally,I’llgotoremotemountainousareastoworkasavolunteer.Thereisnodoubtthatchildrentherearebadlyinneedofhelp.IhopewhatIwilldowillmakeagreatdifferencetothem.Bestwishes.Yourstruly,LiHua【考例5】假設(shè)你是李華，國(guó)際學(xué)校的老師Paul邀請(qǐng)你星期六參與該校進(jìn)行的“中國(guó)文化日〞活動(dòng)。但你的爺爺突然生病住院，你要和父母一起去醫(yī)院探視，不得不拒絕他的邀請(qǐng)。請(qǐng)依據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)用英語(yǔ)給Paul寫一封電子郵件。要點(diǎn)包括：1.

謝絕邀請(qǐng)；2.

說(shuō)明理由；3.

預(yù)?；顒?dòng)勝利。【參考范文】DearPaul,Thankyouverymuchforinvitingmetoattendthe

“ChineseCultureDay〞

tobeheldatyourschoolthisSaturday.Ihavebeenlookingforwardtoit.Butnow,muchtomyregret,Ishallnotbeabletoattenditontime.Thereasonisthatmygrandpasuddenlyfeelsillandisinhospital.IwillvisithimwithmyparentsonSaturday.I’mawfullysorryforthesuddenchangeofmyplanandfeelitagreat

pitytomisstheopportunitytoenjoytheactivity.IwishtheactivitytobeagreatsuccessandhopeIwillhaveanotherchancetojoinyouinthefuture.Yours,LiHua【考例6】假定你是李華，寒假中作為溝通生短期去英國(guó)培訓(xùn)，回國(guó)時(shí)由于匆忙，把房東Bob的音樂(lè)光盤夾在行李中帶了回來(lái)?，F(xiàn)在請(qǐng)你給Bob寫一封抱歉信，要點(diǎn)如下：1.

對(duì)自己帶走音樂(lè)光盤表示歉意。2.

提出解決的方法。

.

再次懇求原諒?！緟⒖挤段摹緿earBob,IamwritingtomakeanapologytoyouforIforgottoreturnamusicCDwhichIborrowedfromyoulastweek.YesterdayIcamebackfromEnglandandfounditinmyluggage.Iamsosorrythatyoucannotlistentoitatpresent.TheCDwhichIborrowedfromyouismadeinEngland,soIbelieveyoumayfindanotheroneinyourlocalstore.HowaboutyourbuyinganotherCDbyyourselfandIwillpayforit?Ifyoucannotfindasimilarone,Iwouldsenditbacktoyouthroughapostoffice.Andifthereareanyothersolutionsyoulike,pleaseletmeknow.Iamterriblysorryagainformycarelessness.Pleaseforgivemeforanyinconveniencecaused.Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply.【考例7】假設(shè)你是李華，由于要預(yù)備高三班級(jí)第一次模擬考試〔practicetest〕，未能在老師節(jié)當(dāng)天去探望外教Mr.Green,

請(qǐng)依據(jù)要求給他寫一封郵件。要點(diǎn)如下：1.

對(duì)未能在節(jié)日當(dāng)天去訪問(wèn)表示歉意；2.

介紹自己近期的學(xué)習(xí)和生活狀況；3.

提議本周末和另外兩名同學(xué)一起去Mr.Green

家里訪問(wèn)。【參考范文】DearMr.Green,Howiseverythinggoing?Imissyousomuch,butrecentlyIhavebeensooccupiedinpreparingforthefirstPracticeTestthatIdidn’tvisit

youonTeacher’sDay.Whatap