高考英語語法過去分詞課件

非謂語-ingtododone邏輯主語：是非謂語動詞動作的發(fā)出者或承受者；它們在邏輯上存在著主謂關(guān)系或動賓關(guān)系，但不能直接作非謂語動詞的主語。Helikeshelpingothers.

Movedbyhiswords,Itoldhimallthenews.

It'skindofyoutotellmethenews.Itisimpossibleforyoutofinishsomuchworkinsoshortatime.

Theteacheraskedmetoanswerhisquestion.Isawhimplayingattheriverside.過去分詞done非謂語之三done易學(xué)：

有語言規(guī)則重要：

2009年高考19套題有一套題沒有單選題有兩套重題17套題，過去分詞共考查13道題

“每套必考”一、done的作用1.havedone構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)3.bedone構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)2.haddone構(gòu)成過去完成時態(tài)4.用作非謂語二、done作非謂語的意義1表完成不及物動詞的過去分詞僅表完成，沒有被動含義Heisa

retiredteacher.2表被動及物動詞的過去分詞通常兼有被動和完成Damaged

inthestorm,thehousewasdangeroustolivein.3表狀態(tài)（已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞）Theroomwas

deserted.Idon’tunderstandherbrokenEnglish.三、done作非謂語的句法功能1、表語2、定語3、狀語4、補(bǔ)語1、表語

Janeis

bored.Shehasaboringjob.

Thewolflooked

delightedtoseeLittleRedRidingHood.Thewindowwasbrokenbyalittleboy.Thewindowisbroken.Thelittleboybecameinterestedinmathslater.Thedoorremained

locked

whenhecameagain.被動語態(tài)表語1、表語Thespeechwasso______thattheywereall______.A．inspiring;excitingB．inspiring;excitedC．inspired;exciteD．inspired;exciting

Bamaze,amuse,astonish,bore,confuse,disappointexcite,encouragefrighten,frustrate,inspire,interest,move,please,puzzle,surprise,shock,scare,satisfytouch,tireworryNMET1998第23題Cleaningwomeninbigcitiesusuallyget____bythehour.A.payB.payingC.paidD.topayCgetburnt,gethurt,getwounded,getseparated,getlost,getchanged1、表語Thestringwasgettingcharged.

特例1、表語概念理解邏輯主語理解意義系動詞之后：句子的主語1)“感到…”;（被動）2)主語的狀態(tài)2、定語

Fromhis________(puzzle)expression,wecouldseehewaspuzzled.

puzzledTheplayputonbytheteachers

wasasuccess.

Perhapsthebestexampleofuniversallyunderstoodbodylanguageisthesmile.

2)過去分詞短語做定語須后置，相當(dāng)于一個定語從句。Englishisalanguagespokenallaroundtheworld.=Englishisalanguagewhichis

spokenallaroundtheworld.2、定語

結(jié)論：1)單個過去分詞作定語，放在所修飾詞的前面。1)left只能用做后置定語。2)單個過去分詞作定語修飾代詞時，須后置。Everythingusedshouldbemarked.Amongthose

invited

aresomeladies.Thebooksleftareformystudents.2、定語特例NMET1997第17題TheOlympicGames,___in776B.C.，didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplayedB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayingD.tobefirstplayingAbeingdone:thebuildingbeingbuiltnowtobedone:thebuildingtobebuiltnextyeardone:thebuildingbuiltlastyear2、定語翻譯句子：去年建的那幢樓是我們的教學(xué)樓。正在建的那幢樓是我們的食堂。明年要建的那幢樓是我們的宿舍樓。Thebuildingbuiltlastyearisourteachingbuilding.Thebuildingbeingbuiltnowisourdininghall.Thebuildingtobebuiltnextyearwillbeourdormitorybuilding.2、定語2、定語概念理解邏輯主語辨清關(guān)系中心詞它所修飾的中心詞1)done形式已經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)化成形容詞2)與邏輯主語是被動關(guān)系3)與定語從句的轉(zhuǎn)換特殊記憶：2、定語adevelopingcountryadevelopedcountryfallingleavesfallenleavesboilingwaterboiledwater

therisingsuntherisensun發(fā)展中國家發(fā)達(dá)國家正下落的葉子落葉正開著的水開過的水冉冉升起的太陽已經(jīng)升起的太陽3、狀語Theteacherstoodthere____________(surround)bythestudents._______(see)fromthehill,thecitylooksbeautiful.Seensurrounded

Askedabouthisfamily,theyoungmanmadenoanswer.時間狀語3、狀語

InterestedinEnglish,helistenstoEnglisheverymorning.原因狀語

United,westand;divided,wefall.條件狀語Thehunterwalkedslowlyintheforest,followedbyhisdog.伴隨狀語

Laughedatbymanypeople,hecontinuedhisstudy.讓步狀語Askedabouthisfamily,theyoungmanmadenoanswer.InterestedinEnglish,helistenstoEnglisheverymorning.United,westand;divided,wefall.Thehunterwalkedslowlyintheforest,followedbyhisdog.

Laughedatbymanypeople,hecontinuedhisstudyWhentheyoungmanwasaskedabouthisfamily,hemadenoanswer.Because/AsheisinterestedinEnglish,helistenstoEnglisheverymorning.Thehunterwalkedslowlyandhewasfollowedbyhiswolfdog.Althoughhewaslaughedbymanypeople,he…Ifweareunited,wewillstand;ifwearedivided,wefall.Askedabouthisfamily,theyoungmanmadenoanswer.InterestedinEnglish,helistenstoEnglisheverymorning.United,westand;divided,wefall.Laughedatbymanypeople,hecontinuedhisstudyWhentheyoungmanwasaskedabouthisfamily,hemadenoanswer.Because/AsheisinterestedinEnglish,helistenstoEnglisheverymorning.Althoughhewaslaughedbymanypeople,hecontinuedhisstudy.Ifweareunited,wewillstand;ifwearedivided,wefall.原因狀語從句不可以出現(xiàn)省略現(xiàn)象翻譯：如果累了，休息會吧。NMET1996第23題_____inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.LosingB.HavinglostC.LostD.ToloseSb.belostinthought陷入沉思CHewaslostinthought.Healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.Combinethefollowingsentences

HeisinterestedinEnglish.HelistenstoBBCeveryday.InterestedinEnglish,helistenstoBBCeveryday.

1).

Dressed

inred,shewenttotheball.

2).Hiddenbehindthedoor,hedarednotcomeout.3).Seatedatthefrontoftheclassroom,helistenedtotheteachercarefully.4).Facedwithsomuchtrouble,wefailedtocompletethetaskontime.

3、狀語5)."Ididn'tdoitonpurpose,"saidHarry,annoyed.1)______inthecageforhalfaday,thebirdbecamehungry.

A.Beingkept

B.Kept

C.Havingbeenkept

D.Havebeenkept

C3、狀語3、狀語Havingbeenseparatedfromothercontinentsformillionsofyears,Australiahasmanyplantsandanimalsnotfoundinanyothercountryintheworld.(05湖北）

Havingbeenshowed

manytimes,hestilldidn'tunderstandtheoperationofthemachine.

3、狀語邏輯主語辨清關(guān)系句子的主語與邏輯主語是被動關(guān)系WhenyouspeakEnglish,besuretomakeyourselfunderstood.4、補(bǔ)語哪個詞很關(guān)鍵？1)hear,see,feel,watch,find等表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動詞2)make,get,have等表示“致使”意義的動詞

3)keep,leave等表示“使(繼續(xù))處于某種狀態(tài)”的動詞

5)在with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，也可以用過去分詞用做賓語補(bǔ)足語。4)like,want,wish,order等表示“希望或要求”意義的動詞。4、補(bǔ)語1).Theyhadneverhearditopenly

discussedbefore.2).Hesawthemanknockeddownbyamotorcycle.3).Hefeltagreatweighttakenoffhismind.4).Helpless,wewatchedhalfayear’sfooddestroyed.5).Theoldwomanfoundtwoofthewindowsbroken.4、補(bǔ)語1).WhenyouspeakEnglish,besuretomakeyourselfunderstood.2).Thenextproblemishowtogetthelandploughed.3).Lastyear,wehadthehouserebuilt.4).Shehadherwatchstolen.

4、補(bǔ)語遭受某種損失1).Hecouldn’tkeephiseyesshuttoallthis.

2).I’msorryI’veleftsomeofyourquestionsunanswered.4、補(bǔ)語4、補(bǔ)語1).Hewon’tlikesuchquestions(tobe)discussedatthemeeting.2).Thereaderswishedthediscussion(tobe)continued.3).Wedon’twantanything(tobe)saidaboutthis.

4).Heorderedthereport(tobe)reprinted.

1).

Alltheafternoonheworkedwiththedoorlocked.4、補(bǔ)語

Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands_____behindhisback.(90高考題)A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied2).Thefamouswriterdied,withhisworkunfinished.

DNMET2000第22題Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee_______thenextyear.A.carryoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryoutC1).Themanagersdiscussedtheplan.2).Theywouldliketoseetheplancarriedoutthenextyear.OurEnglishteacherhasmademe_________(interest)inEnglish.4、補(bǔ)語OurEnglishteacherhasmademe_______

(seat)

bythewindow.interestedseated5、補(bǔ)語概念理解邏輯主語辨清關(guān)系理解意義主+謂語+賓語+賓補(bǔ)賓語被動關(guān)系由可以帶賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞的用法決定Beingill,shehadtostayathomeforanothertwodays.Beingill,shehadtostayathometolookafterherfather.

Herfather

beingill,shehadtostayathometolookafterhim.當(dāng)句子主語不是它的邏輯主語時，現(xiàn)在分詞前要帶上它自己的邏輯主語，構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)(作狀語)，即：主格+現(xiàn)在分詞

Herworkdone,shesatdownforacupoftea.

Hisglassesbroken,hecouldn’tseethewordsontheblackboard.

Everythingconsidered,hisplanseemsbetter.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)(作狀語)名詞/代詞主格+現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞(1)Hewrotealotofnovels,andmanyof_________weretranslatedintoforeignlanguages.(2)Hewrotealotofnovels,manyof_________weretranslatedintoforeignlanguages.(3)Hewrotealotofnovels,manyof_________translatedintoforeignlanguages.A.itB.themC.whichD.thatBCBjudgedby…由….判斷、斷定,provided(that):conj.假如,如果,倘若...；在...條件下，(providing也可以有這種用法)given…倘若...,假定...,考慮到…takenasawhole總的來說固定用法1.Takenasawhole,there’snothingwrongwiththislesson.2.Judgedbyhisaccent,hecamefromTangshan.3.Givengoodweather,ourshipwillreachShanghaiMondayevening.4.Youmaykeepthebookafurtherweekprovided/providing(that)nooneelserequiresit.回顧：關(guān)于過去分詞我們學(xué)了什么？看看2009年的高考試題Theytriedtosendthe___________(injure)boytohospital.Inautumnyoucanseemany_________(fall)leaveshereandthere.3.Ifyoudon’thaveenoughmoney,youcangotohavealookatthe________(use)car.4.Welivedinthehouse________(build)bymyfather.5.Let’strythebookstore__________(open)lastmonth.6.Thestreetsare___________(crowd),soit’shardtocross.7.Fishingisnot____________(interest).Iamnotreally__________(interest)infishing.8.Thematchwas__________(excite).Thecrowdgotvery___________(excite).9.Theboyisso_____________(disappoint)hehasfailedinexamagain.Hisparentsare_______________(disappoint)intheboy.10.Thisisan____________(inspire)speech.Allthestudentswere_____________(inspire).injuredfallenusedbuiltopenedcrowdedinterestinginterestedexcitingexciteddisappointingdisappointedinspiringinspired1.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)

非謂語作狀語時，其邏輯主語應(yīng)是句子主語。

Beingill,hehastostayathome.若句子主語不是非謂語的邏輯主語時，非謂語前要帶上它自己的邏輯主語，從而構(gòu)成獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，即：名詞/代詞主格+現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞。

Hismotherbeingill,hehastostayathometolookafterher.Walkingacrossthestreet,acarknockedthechilddown.

Thechildwalkingacrossthestreet,acarknockedhimdown.Walkingacrossthestreet,thechildwasknockeddownbyacar.(1)Hewrotealotofnovels,andmanyof_________weretranslatedintoforeignlanguages.(2)Hewrotealotofnovels,manyof_________weretranslatedintoforeignlanguages.(3)Hewrotealotofnovels,manyof_________translatedintoforeignlanguages.A.itB.themC.whichD.thatBCB1)._____,andthechairmandeclaredthemeetingstarted.2).After______,thechairmandeclaredthemeetingstarted.3).______,thechairmandeclaredthemeetingstarted.A.HavingtakentheirseatsB.ThelistenershavingtakentheirseatsC.ThelistenerstakentheirseatsD.ThelistenerstooktheirseatsE.thelistenerstooktheirseatsDEB1)Astherewasnobody，hehad