口腔麻醉與拔牙-課件

口腔局部麻醉與拔牙

Orallocalanesthesiaandextractionofteeth1PPT課件常用局麻藥物

LocalanestheticagentLidocaineProcaineBupivacaineTetracaine(dicaine)Articaine(碧蘭麻)2PPT課件口腔局部麻醉方法

表面麻醉superficialanesthesia浸潤麻醉infiltrationanesthesia阻滯麻醉blockanesthesiaorconductionanesthesia3PPT課件4PPT課件阻滯麻醉blockanesthesia上牙槽后神經(jīng)阻滯麻醉Blockanesthesiaofposteriorsuperioralveolarnever腭前神經(jīng)阻滯麻醉Blockanesthesiaofanteriorpalatinenever鼻腭神經(jīng)阻滯麻醉Blockanesthesiaofnasopalatinenerve眶下神經(jīng)阻滯麻醉Blockanesthesiaofinfraorbitalnerve下牙槽神經(jīng)阻滯麻醉Blockanesthesiaofinferioralveolarnerve舌神經(jīng)阻滯麻醉Blockanesthesiaoflingualnerve頰神經(jīng)阻滯麻醉Blockanesthesiaofbuccalnerve5PPT課件6PPT課件7PPT課件8PPT課件上牙槽后神經(jīng)阻滯麻醉Blockanethesiaofposteriorsuperioralveolarnever解剖標(biāo)志:上頜結(jié)節(jié)進(jìn)針點(diǎn)操作要點(diǎn)麻醉范圍9PPT課件腭前神經(jīng)阻滯麻醉Blockanethesiaofanteriorpalatinenever解剖標(biāo)志:腭大孔進(jìn)針點(diǎn)操作要點(diǎn)麻醉范圍10PPT課件鼻腭神經(jīng)阻滯麻醉Blockanethesiaofnasopalatinenerve解剖標(biāo)志:切牙孔進(jìn)針點(diǎn)操作要點(diǎn)麻醉范圍11PPT課件眶下神經(jīng)阻滯麻醉Blockanethesiaofinfraorbitalnerve

解剖標(biāo)志:眶下孔進(jìn)針點(diǎn)操作要點(diǎn)麻醉范圍12PPT課件13PPT課件下牙槽神經(jīng)阻滯麻醉Blockanethesiaofinferioralveolarnerve解剖標(biāo)志:下頜孔進(jìn)針點(diǎn)操作要點(diǎn)麻醉范圍14PPT課件15PPT課件16PPT課件舌神經(jīng)阻滯麻醉Blockanethesiaoflingualnerve進(jìn)針點(diǎn)操作要點(diǎn)麻醉范圍17PPT課件頰神經(jīng)阻滯麻醉Blockanethesiaofbuccalnerve進(jìn)針點(diǎn)操作要點(diǎn)麻醉范圍18PPT課件上頜神經(jīng)阻滯麻醉Blockanethesiaofmaxillarynerve

解剖標(biāo)志:圓孔進(jìn)針點(diǎn)操作要點(diǎn)翼腭管注射法顴下翼突注射法（顴弓、下頜切跡及翼外板為注射標(biāo)志）麻醉范圍19PPT課件下頜神經(jīng)阻滯麻醉Blockanethesiaofmandibularnerve

解剖標(biāo)志:卵圓孔進(jìn)針點(diǎn)操作要點(diǎn)麻醉范圍20PPT課件局部麻醉的并發(fā)癥和防治暈厥Swoon過敏反應(yīng)Anaphylaxis中毒Toxication感染Infection血腫Hematoma注射針折斷Breakingtheneedle暫時(shí)性面癱Facialparalysis21PPT課件拔牙適應(yīng)癥Extractionofteeth

IndicationSeverecariesPeridontitisⅢSevereapixDelayeddeciduousteethMultidentinemalposedImpactedteethTraumatismOrthodontictreatmentTeeththatarefociofinfectionExtractionfortreatment22PPT課件拔牙禁忌癥ContraindicationBloodydisease:hemophiliarefactoryanemialeukemiaCardiovasculardiseaseDiabetesmellitusHyperthyroidism:thyr-oidcrisisNephropathyHepatitisPregnancyandmenstruationAcuteinfectionMalignenttumor23PPT課件InstrumentsDentalforceps,elevator,chisel,Gingivalseperator,curette,mallet24PPT課件25PPT課件26PPT課件拔牙的基本步驟分離牙齦挺松牙齒安插牙鉗搖動(dòng)或扭轉(zhuǎn)拔出拔牙創(chuàng)的處理Cautions27PPT課件各類牙拔除術(shù)阻生牙拔除牙根拔除28PPT課件拔牙創(chuàng)的愈合拔牙創(chuàng)出血及血塊形成15’血塊機(jī)化（24小時(shí)后~一周）骨組織的修復(fù)（第六天開始4周）上皮覆蓋拔牙創(chuàng)臨床意義29PPT課件拔牙術(shù)的并發(fā)