2022-2023學(xué)年湖北省問津聯(lián)合體高二上學(xué)期期中質(zhì)量檢測英語試題（原卷版+解析版無聽力音頻無聽力原文）

第第頁2022-2023學(xué)年湖北省問津聯(lián)合體高二上學(xué)期期中質(zhì)量檢測英語試題（原卷版+解析版，無聽力音頻無聽力原文）2024屆問津聯(lián)合體高二11月期中質(zhì)量檢測

英語試卷

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt

A．19.15.B．9.18.C．9.15.

答案是C。

1．Whenwillthelecturebegiven

A．OnJune10th.B．OnJune11th.C．OnJune12th.

2．Whatcausedthecompanysalestorise

A．TheonlinemarketingcampaignB．Theextrasalespeople.C．Thediscountprices.

3．WhatisJimmydoing

A．Readingastorybook.B．Doinghishomework.C．Playingcomputergames.

4．Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando

A．Forgivetheplayer.B．Kicktheplayerout.C．Apologizetotheplayer.

5．Wheredoesthewomanusuallygetthebook

A．Intheslop.B．OntheInternet.C．Inthesupermarket.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘，聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第六段材料，回答第6、7題。

6．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout

A．Thepreparationsforacamping.B．Thechangeableweather.C．Theirfavoritefood.

7．Whatwillthemantake

A．Bread.B．Hamburgers.C．Cards.

聽下面一段對話，回答第8至10題。

8．Whatiswrongwiththewoman

A．Shehasafever.B．Shehasaheadache.C．Shehasasleepingproblem.

9．Whatdidthewomandolastnight

A．Shepreparedforameeting.B．Sheattendedameeting.C．Shewenttobedearly.

10．Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo

A．Quitthejob.B．Takesomemedicine.C．Takearest.

聽下面一段對話，回答第11至13題。

11．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace

A．Atatheater.B．Atahotel.C．Atasnackbar.

12．Whatwouldthemanprobablydoat6:00p.m.tomorrow

A．Celebratetheirweddinganniversary.

B．Attendaweddingceremony.

C．Spendhis20thbirthday.

13．Howmuchshouldthemanpay

A．$100.B．$200.C．$300.

聽下面一段對話，回答第14至17題。

14．Whatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers

A．Colleagues.B．Schoolmates.C．Teacherandstudent.

15．Whatisthewoman’sproblem

A．Herbrotherisdisturbingher.

B．Shehasnodictionarytouse.

C．Herparentscan’tgiveheranyadvice.

16．Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando

A．Tellherbrothertostop.B．Gotothelibrarytostudy.C．Askherparentsforhelp.

17．Whatisthewomanembarrassedat

A．Rememberinglittlefromhistory.B．Reviewingbysinginghernotes.C．Writingdownwhatshehasread.

聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第18至20題。

18．WhatwasthemainmealforpeopleinPrussiainthe18thcentury

A．Rice.B．Potatoes.C．Bread.

19．Howdidpeoplefeelaboutthepotatoesinthepalacegarden

A．Disappointed.B．Curious.C．Anxious.

20．Whatcanwelearnabouttheking

A．Hewasverysmart.B．Helikedmakingjokes.C．Hewascrazyaboutpotatoes.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

A

FiveStarYellowstoneTour

Discovertheworld’soldestnationalpark,Yellowstone,onthisgrandwildlifetour.Ourprofessionalguideswillgiveyoua5starcustomerserviceexperienceonyourallinclusivetourwithoutanyadditionaltaxesorbookingfees.

Startingatapproximately7am,wewillberollingouttheredcarpetforyouandallyouhavetodoistositbackandenjoytheride.Weprovidesnacks,bottledwater,andcookedfoodforlunch.Thistour’smainfocusisonthewidevarietyofwildlife,Yellowstone’srichhistoriclandscapesaswellasthefascinatingprospectformedbytheYellowstoneSupervolcanoforovermillionsofyears.Binoculars(雙筒望遠(yuǎn)鏡)areprovidedtohelpyouappreciatethescenerybetter.

Whetheryouareanamateurphotographer,ascienceorhistoryenthusiastorjustwanttoexploretheoutdoors,thistourhassomethingforeveryone.Ourfunbutprofessionalguideswillgiveyouafirstclasstourinaverycomfortabletourbus.

Toursnapshot

Duration:10-12hours

TakingCovid-19safetymeasures:Clickhere

Hotelpickupoffered

Groupsize:9

Tickettype:Mobile

Availablelanguage:English

Bookinadvance

Scheduleddate:Checkavailability

Totalfees:$300peradult(age13-99);40%discount(age1-12)

Reservenow

2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Thoughtsstartedrunningthroughmymind.

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

InaninstantthemanfromtheblackSUVwasstandingbesidemeandsaid,“Iamadoctor.”

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

聽力1-5CABAC6-10ABBAC11-15BACBA16-20CBCBA2024屆問津聯(lián)合體高二11月期中質(zhì)量檢測

英語試卷

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt

A．19.15.B．9.18.C．9.15.

答案是C。

1．Whenwillthelecturebegiven

A．OnJune10th.B．OnJune11th.C．OnJune12th.

2．Whatcausedthecompanysalestorise

A．Theonlinemarketingcampaign.B．Theextrasalespeople.C．Thediscountprices.

3．WhatisJimmydoing

A．Readingastorybook.B．Doinghishomework.C．Playingcomputergames.

4．Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando

A．Forgivetheplayer.B．Kicktheplayerout.C．Apologizetotheplayer.

5．Wheredoesthewomanusuallygetthebook

A．Intheslop.B．OntheInternet.C．Inthesupermarket.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘，聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第六段材料，回答第6、7題。

6．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout

A．Thepreparationsforacamping.B．Thechangeableweather.C．Theirfavoritefood.

7．Whatwillthemantake

A．Bread.B．Hamburgers.C．Cards.

聽下面一段對話，回答第8至10題。

8．Whatiswrongwiththewoman

A．Shehasafever.B．Shehasaheadache.C．Shehasasleepingproblem.

9．Whatdidthewomandolastnight

A．Shepreparedforameeting.B．Sheattendedameeting.C．Shewenttobedearly.

10．Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo

A．Quitthejob.B．Takesomemedicine.C．Takearest.

聽下面一段對話，回答第11至13題。

11．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace

A．Atatheater.B．Atahotel.C．Atasnackbar.

12．Whatwouldthemanprobablydoat6:00p.m.tomorrow

A．Celebratetheirweddinganniversary.

B．Attendaweddingceremony.

C．Spendhis20thbirthday.

13．Howmuchshouldthemanpay

A．$100.B．$200.C．$300.

聽下面一段對話，回答第14至17題。

14．Whatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers

A．Colleagues.B．Schoolmates.C．Teacherandstudent.

15．Whatisthewoman’sproblem

A．Herbrotherisdisturbingher.

B．Shehasnodictionarytouse

C．Herparentscan’tgiveheranyadvice.

16．Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando

A．Tellherbrothertostop.B．Gotothelibrarytostudy.C．Askherparentsforhelp.

17．Whatisthewomanembarrassedat

A．Rememberinglittlefromhistory.B．Reviewingbysinginghernotes.C．Writingdownwhatshehasread.

聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第18至20題。

18．WhatwasthemainmealforpeopleinPrussiainthe18thcentury

A．Rice.B．Potatoes.C．Bread.

19．Howdidpeoplefeelaboutthepotatoesinthepalacegarden

A．Disappointed.B．Curious.C．Anxious.

20．Whatcanwelearnabouttheking

A．Hewasverysmart.B．Helikedmakingjokes.C．Hewascrazyaboutpotatoes.

第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

A

FiveStarYellowstoneTour

Discovertheworld’soldestnationalpark,Yellowstone,onthisgrandwildlifetour.Ourprofessionalguideswillgiveyoua5starcustomerserviceexperienceonyourallinclusivetourwithoutanyadditionaltaxesorbookingfees.

Startingatapproximately7am,wewillberollingouttheredcarpetforyouandallyouhavetodoistositbackandenjoytheride.Weprovidesnacks,bottledwater,andcookedfoodforlunch.Thistour’smainfocusisonthewidevarietyofwildlife,Yellowstone’srichhistoriclandscapesaswellasthefascinatingprospectformedbytheYellowstoneSupervolcanoforovermillionsofyears.Binoculars(雙筒望遠(yuǎn)鏡)areprovidedtohelpyouappreciatethescenerybetter.

Whetheryouareanamateurphotographer,ascienceorhistoryenthusiastorjustwanttoexploretheoutdoors,thistourhassomethingforeveryone.Ourfunbutprofessionalguideswillgiveyouafirstclasstourinaverycomfortabletourbus.

Toursnapshot

Duration:10-12hours

TakingCovid-19safetymeasures:Clickhere

Hotelpickupoffered

Groupsize:9

Tickettype:Mobile

Availablelanguage:English

Bookinadvance

Scheduleddate:Checkavailability

Totalfees:$300peradult(age13-99);40%discount(age1-12)

Reservenow40%discount(age1-12)(總費(fèi)用：每位成人300美元（13-99歲）；40%折扣（1-12歲）)”可知，一對夫妻加上一個11歲的小孩應(yīng)付費(fèi)用300×2+300×（1-40%）=780美元。故選C。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Thistour’smainfocusisonthewidevarietyofwildlife,Yellowstone’srichhistoriclandscapesaswellasthefascinatingprospectformedbytheYellowstoneSupervolcanoforovermillionsofyears.(本次游覽的重點(diǎn)是種類繁多的野生動物、黃石公園豐富的歷史景觀以及黃石超級火山數(shù)百萬年來形成的迷人場景)”可知，關(guān)于這次旅行我們能知道它突出了野生動物、歷史景觀和火山景觀。故選D。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)Toursnapshot部分中的“TakingCovid-19safetymeasures:Clickhere(采取新冠肺炎安全措施：點(diǎn)擊此處)”可知，這篇文章可能來自一個網(wǎng)站。故選B。

B

Timothyisa5-year-oldboywithautism(自閉癥).InOctoberof2023,doctorstoldhisparentsthathesufferedbraintumor(腫瘤).

Twothieveswhospecializedinstealingpackagesfrompeople’sfrontgateshadnoideathatoneofthosepackagescontainedaWWEwrestlingbeltbelongingtoTimothy.Atthetime,thebeltwasonthefrontgateofSergioMoriers’shouse,whosejobwasdecoratingstuff.“Timothy’sfatherdoesn’tmakealotofmoney.Buthewantedtogivehissonanamazinggift,andItoldhimIwoulddoeverythingforfree.Isaid,‘JustshipitoverandI’lldoeverythingyouwantonthebelt,andhe’llhavethebeltofalifetime.’”Hesaid.

Whenthebeltwastaken,Sergiowasextremelydisturbed,“Iwantthemtoknowtheytookhopefroma5-year-oldboywhoislookingforwardtothatitemcomingbacktohim…Youstolethatfromhim.Youbrokeachild’sheart.”Timothy’sfathersharedwhatthatbeltmeanttohisson,“Timothywouldnotgoanywherewithoutthatbelt…Mostkidshaveballs,whilehehadabelt.”Allhopewaslost.

Thensomethingunexpectedhappened.“Isawtwowomenappearedatthegate.Theyputdownthebagthere.MyguardwentoverandIrealizedwhatwashappening.Thatbagcontainedthestolenwrestlingbelt,”Sergiosaid.ThetwowomenapologizedtoSergio.Theysaidthattheywerethrownoutofafriend’sapartmentafterthefriendsawthenewsreportofthetheftonTV.Infact,theyweretryingtokickadrughabit.Theycriedwithguiltandshame.

Seeingthereturnedbelt,Timothy’sfathersaid,“It’soneofthosethingsyoualwayshearabout,thosecrazystoriesaboutpeople,butyouneverthinkit’llhappentoyourself.I’mstilltakenaback,tobehonest.”

4.WhatwasSergio’soriginalintention

A.Tobuytheboyawonderfulgift.

B.Tobeautifytheboy’sbeltforfree.

C.Tohelptheboywinacompetition.

D.Toearnmoneyfromdecoratingthebelt.

5.Whatcanbeknownaboutthethieves

A.Theywereaddictedtodrug.

B.Theywerecaughtbythepolice.

C.TheirfriendreportedthemonTV.

D.Theywerepunishedbytheguard.

6.WhatdidTimothy’sfathermeanattheendofthestory

A.Hewasannoyedaboutcrazystories.

B.Hefelthewascheatedbythethieves.

C.Hewasastonishedatthereturnedbelt.

D.Hecouldn’tbelievehisstuffwasstolen.

7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext

A.ASickBoyWinsaWrestlingBelt

B.CaringPeopleShowLoveforaKid

C.AnImmoralActofTheftIsRevealed

D.ThievesReturnWrestlingBelttotheSickBoy

【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了五歲小男孩Timothy患有自閉癥，父親為了讓他開心，買了一個摔跤腰帶，他非常喜歡，但是腰帶卻被竊賊偷走了。失去腰帶，就意味著Timothy會失去希望。后來竊賊把腰帶歸還了。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句的“whosejobwasdecoratingstuff（他的工作是裝飾東西）”以及四、五句的“ItoldhimIwoulddoeverythingforfree.JustshipitoverandI’lldoeverythingyouwantonthebelt（我告訴他我什么都可以免費(fèi)做。只要把它運(yùn)過來，我會按照你的要求在腰帶上做任何事情）”可知，Sergio當(dāng)初是想免費(fèi)為男孩裝飾腰帶。故選B項(xiàng)。

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段倒數(shù)第二句“Infact,theyweretryingtokickadrughabit.（事實(shí)上，他們是想戒掉毒癮。）”可知，她們說她們想要戒毒，所以她們是吸毒人員。故選A項(xiàng)。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Seeingthereturnedbelt,Timothy’sfathersaid,“It’soneofthosethingsyoualwayshearabout,thosecrazystoriesaboutpeople,butyouneverthinkit’llhappentoyourself.I’mstilltakenaback,tobehonest.”（看到歸還的腰帶，蒂莫西的父親說：“這是你經(jīng)常聽到的那種事情，那些關(guān)于人們的瘋狂故事，但你從來沒有想過它會發(fā)生在你自己身上。說實(shí)話，我還是很吃驚?！保笨赏浦?，他對發(fā)生在自己身上的失而復(fù)得的故事感到驚訝。betakenaback表示“大吃一驚”。故選C項(xiàng)。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第一句“Seeingthereturnedbelt,Timothy’sfathersaid,“It’soneofthosethingsyoualwayshearabout,thosecrazystoriesaboutpeople,butyouneverthinkit’llhappentoyourself.”（看到歸還的腰帶，蒂莫西的父親說：“這是你經(jīng)常聽到的那種事情，那些關(guān)于人們的瘋狂故事，但你從來沒有想過它會發(fā)生在你自己身上?！保┙Y(jié)合全文可知，文章講述生病的小男孩的珍貴禮物被偷走，后來又被歸還的故事，所以D項(xiàng)“ThievesReturnWrestlingBelttotheSickBoy（小偷把摔跤腰帶還給生病的男孩）”作為標(biāo)題最合適。故選D項(xiàng)。

C

Everysooften,aChinesefashionsymbolunknowinglyturnedthefashionlandscapeupsidedown.Thistime,weunearththeimperialtombofChina’sEmpressDowagerCixi(慈禧)(1835-1908)andfindhergreatpassionforluxuriousnails.

AncientChinesenoblesstartedgrowinglongnailsduringtheWarringStatesPeriodtoshowthattheyweren’tmanuallaborers(體力勞動者),butitwasn’tuntiltheMingDynastythatlongnailsandnailguardsbecameanimportantsymbolofmaterialprosperity.AndthetrendreacheditspeakintheQingDynasty,withCixiasitsposterwoman.Cixinurturedanaillengthofroughly20cmonherringandpinkyfingers(小拇指)andtookcareofthemingem-laden(鑲滿寶石),colorfulnailguards.Duringtheday,Cixiusuallyworenailguardsmadeofgoldorsilver.Accordingtothememoirsofhermaid,beforebed,shewouldswitchthemintonailpocketsmadeofbrightyellowsatin(緞子),probablyinamotherlymannersimilartocoveringhernailbabiesintotheirsleepingbags.

TheoriginsofnailguardsbeganintheHanDynastymorethan1000yearspriortotheirmainstreamglory.Atthattime,theyweren’tparticularlydecorative.Itwasn’tuntiltheQingDynastythattheybecameasexpensiveanddelicateaspeopletodayknowthemtohavebeen.Commondesignpatternsincludedplants,flowers,andcalligraphyart.Cixi,ontheotherhand,haduniquerightstodragonandphoenix(鳳凰)carvingsonhernailguards.Needlesstosay,shedidn’tskimponexercisingtheserights.

Longnailsmaynolongerbefrontandcenteronthefashionstagetoday.YettheperioddramaserieslikeEmpressesinthePalace《甄嬛傳》(2023),Ruyi’RoyalLoveinthePalace(2023),andStoryofYanxiPalace(2023)broughtinthepopularityoftheMorandicolorpalette(莫蘭迪調(diào)色盤)inChina’snailartcircle.InspiredbyItalianpainterGiorgioMorandi,themanicure(美甲)industrytodayalsoadoptsamoresoftenedcolorschemethatgivesoffafeelingofbalanceandelegance.

8.Whatdoesthewritermainlytellus

A.Thehistoryoflongnailsandnailguards.

B.ThelegendofChina’sEmpressDowagerCixi.

C.Longnailsplaysanimportantroleinperioddramaseries.

D.Womeninancienttimesshouldwearlongnailsandnailguards.

9.Whichofthefollowingiswrong

A.Cixitookoffnailguardswhenshewenttobed.

B.NailguardscanshowthestatusontheroyalladderintheHanDynasty.

C.MingandQingDynastieshadlowerdegreeofacceptanceoflongnails.

D.Cixihaduniquerightstodragonandphoenixcarvingsonhernailguards.

10.Whatdounderlinedwords“skimpon”meaninthethirdparagraph

A.subscribetoB.attempttoC.bemeanwithD.approveof

11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph

A.Fashionnailartwilldisappearonthefashionstage.

B.Theperioddramaseriesareverypopulartodaybecauseofthelongnails.

C.ItalianpainterGiorgioMorandimakesperioddramapopular.

D.Thereisstillamarketfornailartonthefashionstage.

【答案】8.A9.B10.C11.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文，文章通過介紹慈禧對于指甲的熱情，說明了中國古代長指甲和護(hù)甲的歷史，并描述了現(xiàn)代美甲藝術(shù)的發(fā)展。

【8題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“AncientChinesenoblesstartedgrowinglongnailsduringtheWarringStatesPeriodtoshowthattheyweren’tmanuallaborers(體力勞動者),butitwasn’tuntiltheMingDynastythatlongnailsandnailguardsbecameanimportantsymbolofmaterialprosperity.AndthetrendreacheditspeakintheQingDynasty,withCixiasitsposterwoman.(中國古代貴族在戰(zhàn)國時期開始長指甲，以顯示他們不是體力勞動者，但直到明代，長指甲和護(hù)甲才成為物質(zhì)富裕的重要象征。這一趨勢在清代達(dá)到了頂峰，慈禧是這一趨勢的代言人。)”及第三段“TheoriginsofnailguardsbeganintheHanDynastymorethan1000yearspriortotheirmainstreamglory.Atthattime,theyweren’tparticularlydecorative.Itwasn’tuntiltheQingDynastythattheybecameasexpensiveanddelicateaspeopletodayknowthemtohavebeen.(指甲護(hù)具的起源始于漢代，比它們的主流榮耀早了1000多年。在那個時候，它們并不是特別具有裝飾性。直到清朝，它們才變得像今天人們所知的那樣昂貴和精致。)”可知，本文講述了長指甲和護(hù)甲的歷史。故選A項(xiàng)。

【9題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“AncientChinesenoblesstartedgrowinglongnailsduringtheWarringStatesPeriodtoshowthattheyweren’tmanuallaborers(體力勞動者),butitwasn’tuntiltheMingDynastythatlongnailsandnailguardsbecameanimportantsymbolofmaterialprosperity.AndthetrendreacheditspeakintheQingDynasty,withCixiasitsposterwoman.(中國古代貴族在戰(zhàn)國時期開始長指甲，以顯示他們不是體力勞動者，但直到明代，長指甲和護(hù)甲才成為物質(zhì)富裕的重要象征。這一趨勢在清代達(dá)到了頂峰，慈禧是這一趨勢的代言人。)”可知，“在漢代，護(hù)甲可以顯示出貴族的地位”是錯誤的。故選B項(xiàng)。

【10題詳解】

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Cixi,ontheotherhand,haduniquerightstodragonandphoenix(鳳凰)carvingsonhernailguards.(慈禧，另一方面，有獨(dú)特的權(quán)利在她的指甲上雕刻龍鳳。)”及劃線句“Needlesstosay,shedidn’tskimponexercisingtheserights.(不用說，她不skimpon行使這些權(quán)利。)”可以推測，慈禧經(jīng)常在護(hù)甲上雕刻龍鳳以顯示其尊貴的地位，因此，skimpon與bemeanwith同義，表示“在……方面吝嗇”。故選C項(xiàng)。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Longnailsmaynolongerbefrontandcenteronthefashionstagetoday.YettheperioddramaserieslikeEmpressesinthePalace《甄嬛傳》(2023),Ruyi’RoyalLoveinthePalace(2023),andStoryofYanxiPalace(2023)broughtinthepopularityoftheMorandicolorpalette(莫蘭迪調(diào)色盤)inChina’snailartcircle.InspiredbyItalianpainterGiorgioMorandi,themanicure(美甲)industrytodayalsoadoptsamoresoftenedcolorschemethatgivesoffafeelingofbalanceandelegance.(如今，長指甲可能不再是時尚舞臺上的焦點(diǎn)。然而，像《甄嬛傳》（2023）、《如意》（2023）和《延禧宮物語》（2023）這樣的古裝劇，讓莫蘭迪色調(diào)在中國美甲藝術(shù)界流行起來。受意大利畫家喬治·莫蘭迪的啟發(fā)，如今的美甲行業(yè)也采用了更柔和的配色方案，給人一種平衡和優(yōu)雅的感覺。)”可以推測，美甲藝術(shù)在時尚界仍有市場。故選D項(xiàng)。

D

Whenfacedwithaproblem,peopletendtoselectsolutionsthatinvolveaddingnewelementsratherthantakingexistingcomponentsaway.

Adams,asocialpsychologistattheuniversityofVirginiaandhercolleagueswantedtofigureoutwhythiswasthecase.Theywantedtoinvestigatewhether,andtowhatdegree,peopleactuallyoverlooksubtraction(減法)whentheyaretaskedwithchangingthings.

Theresearcherslookedthroughaprofileofideasforimprovementsubmittedtoauniversitypresident,andfoundthatonly11percentof651proposalsinvolvedremovinganexistingruleorprogram.Similarresultsappearedacrosstasksaboutadjustingessaysandplans.Thevastmajorityofpeoplechosetoaddratherthanremove.

Theteamdugdeeperbyconductingeightexperimentswithmorethan1,500participants.Inoneexperiment,peoplewereaskedtostabilize(固定)theroofofaLegostructureheldupbyasingleblockthatrestedontopofacube-shapedbase.Therewardforcompletingthetaskwas$1,andparticipantscouldaddnewblocksfor10centsapieceorgetridofblocksforfree.Onegroupwasreminded,“Eachpiecethatyouaddcoststencentsbutremovingpiecesisfree,”whileanothergroupwasjusttold,“Eachpiecethatyouaddcoststencents.”Almosttwothirdsofpeoplewhohadbeenremindedchosetogetridofthesingleblockratherthanaddingnewones,comparedwith41percentofthosewhohadnotbeenreminded.

ThesefindingswerepublishedinNature,suggestingthat“additivesolutionstendtocometomindquicklyandeasily.Subtractivesolutionsarenotnecessarilyhardertoconsider,buttheytakemoreefforttofind.Whilethetendencyforbusinessesandorganizationstochooseforcomplexityratherthansimplificationwaspreviouslyknown,thenovelty(新穎)ofthispaperisthatitshowsthatpeopletendtowardaddingnewfeaturesevenwhensubtractingwouldclearlybebetter.

Theteamhopesthatthesefindingswillencouragemorepeopletothinkaboutsubtractiveoptionsthatmightoftenbeoverlooked.

12.Whatcanweknowabouttheresearchers’findingsintheirresearches

A.Peopleaddedelementstodealwithproblemsinanycase.

B.Peopletendedtoaddelementstosolveproblems.

C.Peoplepreferredsubtractionoptionstoadditiveoptions.

D.Peoplerefusedtoremoveelementstoavoidcosts.

13.WhatisspecialabouttheexperimentmentionedinPara4

A.Theexperimentwascarriedoutinthemostadvancedway.

B.Theparticipantschosetoaddpieceswhatevercosts.

C.Itwashardtochoosebetweenaddingandremoving.

D.Theparticipantsgotridofpieceswhenitwasclearlytotheiradvantage.

14.Whatisthepurposeoftheresearchteam

A.Toencouragemorepeopletodofurtherresearch.

B.Togetmoreparticipantsinvolvedintheirnextresearch.

C.Toinspiremorepeopletoconsidersubtractionchoices.

D.Togetahandsomerewardfrombusinessesandorganizations.

15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext

A.AddingNewFeaturesIsMoreEffective

B.RemovingFeaturesIsMoreDifficult

C.SubtractionOutweighsAddition

D.OurBrainTypicallyOverlooksSubtraction

【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文。人們在解決問題時更傾向于使用加法添加元素而非減法刪除，研究者希望人們能更多地考慮減法選擇。

12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Whenfacedwithaproblem,peopletendtoselectsolutionsthatinvolveaddingnewelementsratherthantakingexistingcomponentsaway.”（當(dāng)面臨一個問題時，人們傾向于選擇包含添加新元素的解決方案，而不是刪除現(xiàn)有的組件。）及第三段“Thevastmajorityofpeoplechosetoaddratherthanremove.”（絕大多數(shù)人選擇添加而不是刪除。）可知，研究表明，人們傾向于添加元素來解決問題。故選B項(xiàng)。

【13題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Almosttwothirdsofpeoplewhohadbeenremindedchosetogetridofthesingleblockratherthanaddingnewones,comparedwith41percentofthosewhohadnotbeenreminded.”（幾乎三分之二被提醒過的人選擇去掉單個方塊，而不是添加新的方塊，相比之下，沒有被提醒過的人有41%的選擇去掉方塊。）并結(jié)合實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容可知，在沒有提醒去掉方塊是免費(fèi)的情況下，有59%的人添加方塊，對照被提醒的三分之一的人添加方塊可知，人們更傾向于添加方塊，但當(dāng)明顯對他們有利時，參與者就會去掉方塊。故選D項(xiàng)。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Theteamhopesthatthesefindingswillencouragemorepeopletothinkaboutsubtractiveoptionsthatmightoftenbeoverlooked.”（研究小組希望這些發(fā)現(xiàn)能鼓勵更多的人考慮那些經(jīng)常被忽視的減法選項(xiàng)。）可推知，研究小組的目的是激勵更多的人考慮減法選擇。故選C項(xiàng)。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Whenfacedwithaproblem,peopletendtoselectsolutionsthatinvolveaddingnewelementsratherthantakingexistingcomponentsaway.”（當(dāng)面臨一個問題時，人們傾向于選擇包含添加新元素的解決方案，而不是刪除現(xiàn)有的組件。）及最后一段“Theteamhopesthatthesefindingswillencouragemorepeopletothinkaboutsubtractiveoptionsthatmightoftenbeoverlooked.”（研究小組希望這些發(fā)現(xiàn)能鼓勵更多的人考慮那些經(jīng)常被忽視的減法選項(xiàng)。）和全文內(nèi)容可知，本文描述了人們在解決問題更傾向于使用加法添加元素而非減法刪除這一現(xiàn)象，因此，“OurBrainTypicallyOverlooksSubtraction”（我們的大腦通常會忽略減法）適合作為本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Thehotsummermonthscomewithunbearableheat.Wealwayswanttoturnontheairconditionertocooldown.___16___.Buttherearesimplewaystocooldownyourhomewithoutusingtheairconditioner.Meanwhile,youcansavemoneyonyourelectricbill.

Blockouttheheatofthesunwithyourcurtains

Whilethismayseemtobealmosttoosimpleandtoostraightforwardamethodtokeepyourhomeniceandcool,itreallydoeswork.____17____.Therefore,blockingyourwindowswithheavyshadesorcurtainswillnotonlyhelpyoucutyourindoortemperaturedownbutitwillalsohelpyousaveupwardsof7%onyourenergybillsaswell.

____18____

Makesurethatyourdoorsareasair-tightaspossiblesothatyoucanpreventcoolairfromescapingandhotairfromenteringyourhomeatthesametime.Also,makesuretokeepthedoorsthatfacedirectionstothesouthandwestclosedduringthedaysoyoucanpreventthehottesttemperaturesfromthesunpassingthroughtotherestofyourhouse.

Keepyourbodycool

____19____.Drinkicecoldwater,keepcoldpackspressedtoyourneckoryourwrists,anddoanythingelseyoucandotokeepyourcorebodytemperaturedown.Thatway,youwon’tfeelaswornoutbytheextremeheatduringthesummermonths.

Consideradifferenttypeofairconditioner

Whenallelsefails,atopratedwindowairconditionerunitcanbetheperfectbudgetsolution.Theseinexpensiveairconditionersworkamazinglywelltocooldownoneroomofyourhome.____20____.

A.Thatmeanshighenergybills

B.Drawthehotairoutofyourhome

C.Keepabettercontrolofyourentrance

D.Nearly30%ofallunwantedheatcomesthroughyourwindows

E.Youcantakeadvantageoftheselowerdegreestocooldownyourhouse

F.Coolingyourselffromtheinsidecanaffecthowyoufeelontheoutside

G.Youcanexpecttopayonlyabout$20permonthtousethem8hoursperday

【答案】16.A17.D18.C19.F20.G

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。炎熱的夏季開空調(diào)電費(fèi)很高，文章提供了幾個使房間涼快的省錢的方法。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)空前“Wealwayswanttoturnontheairconditionertocooldown.(我們總是打開空調(diào)來降溫，)”可知，我們打開空調(diào)降溫，這會很費(fèi)電，A項(xiàng)“Thatmeanshighenergybills(這意味著高昂的能源賬單。)”符合語境，是對上文的結(jié)果說明。故選A項(xiàng)。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Whilethismayseemtobealmosttoosimpleandtoostraightforwardamethodtokeepyourhomeniceandcool,itreallydoeswork.(雖然這似乎是一個讓你的家保持涼爽的方法太簡單太直接了，但它真的很有效。)”可知，用窗簾遮擋陽光是有效果的。而D項(xiàng)“Nearly30%ofallunwantedheatcomesthroughyourwindows(近30%的多余熱量都是從窗戶進(jìn)來的。)”給出一個論據(jù)支持這個做法，由此再引出下文的結(jié)果。故選D項(xiàng)。

【18題詳解】

此處是本段小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)空后“Makesurethatyourdoorsareasair-tightaspossiblesothatyoucanpreventcoolairfromescapingandhotairfromenteringyourhomeatthesametime.(確保你的門盡可能密封，這樣你就可以防止冷空氣和熱空氣同時進(jìn)入你的家。)”可知，本段主要是在介紹方法之一，即控制門的密封性，空處為本段的主題句，所以C項(xiàng)“Keepabettercontrolofyourentrance(更好地控制你的入口)”符合題意。C項(xiàng)中的entrance即下文的doors。故選C項(xiàng)。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)本段小標(biāo)題Keepyourbodycool(保持身體涼爽)可知，此處與人的自身有關(guān)。根據(jù)下文“Drinkicecoldwater,keepcoldpackspressedtoyourneckoryourwrists,anddoanythingelseyoucandotokeepyourcorebodytemperaturedow