景觀格局指數(shù)和Fragstats

景觀格局指數(shù)和Fragstats

LandscapePatternMetricandFragstats以個(gè)體為中心多尺度看“景觀”

聚集Clumpy分散Dispersed隨機(jī)Random多樣Diverse破碎Fragmented格局-過(guò)程

Pattern-Process景觀格局指數(shù)LandscapeEcologyuses“patternmetrics”toquantifystructure大小SizeArea,perimeter,width,corearea形狀ShapeElongated,circular,amountofedge空間配置SpatialconfigurationMeasuringpatternsinthemosaic(patchmetrics)Clustered,dispersedDominance,linkages,isolation,proximity…Fragmentation,isolation,connectivity目標(biāo)熟悉常用的景觀構(gòu)成指數(shù)和空間配置指數(shù)學(xué)習(xí)使用Fragstatst(和ArcGIS)進(jìn)行空間格局分析景觀指數(shù)自動(dòng)計(jì)算-以北京為例計(jì)算格局指數(shù)(patch,class,andlandscape)應(yīng)用“移動(dòng)窗口分析”方法計(jì)算景觀指數(shù)景觀指數(shù)的空間表達(dá)景觀指數(shù)自動(dòng)計(jì)算-以北京為例計(jì)算格局指數(shù)(patch,class,andlandscape)應(yīng)用“移動(dòng)窗口分析”方法計(jì)算景觀指數(shù)景觀指數(shù)的空間表達(dá)景觀指數(shù)自動(dòng)計(jì)算-以北京為例軟件Fragstats3.3ArcGIS9.2(ArcMap、ArcToolbox)Excel（Exceltable+ArcgGIS)數(shù)據(jù)北京土地覆蓋數(shù)據(jù)Fragstats/landeco/research/fragstats/fragstats.htmlPatch(單個(gè)斑塊)-Class（斑塊類型）-Landscape（整體景觀）McGarigal,K.,SACushman,MCNeel,andEEne.PatchNeighborRule

4-cellrule8-cellrule11,Croplandirrigated,true,false12,Croplandnon-irrigated,true,false21,Forestcanopy>30%,true,false22,Shrubland,true,false23,Forestcanopy10-30%,true,false31,Grasslandcover>50%,true,false32,Grasslandcover20-50%,true,false33,Grasslandcover5-20%,true,false42,Lake,true,false43,Resevoir,true,false46,Flooded,true,false51,Urban,true,false52,Ruralsettlement,true,false53,Industry/transportation,true,false61,Desert,true,false62,Gobi,true,false65,Bare,true,false66,Barerock,true,falseClassPropertiesFileClassID,ClassName,Status,IsBackground變量之間“，”號(hào)分隔LandscapeMetrics:

ONEmetricpersite(“l(fā)andscape”)WholelandscapeClassMetrics:

ONEmetricperclassinthemapEachcolorrepresentsseparateclassPatchMetrics:

ONEmetricperpatch(“l(fā)andscape”)EachpatchmetriccalculatedforeachpatchHELP!景觀指數(shù)自動(dòng)計(jì)算-以北京為例計(jì)算格局指數(shù)(patch,class,andlandscape)應(yīng)用“移動(dòng)窗口分析”方法計(jì)算景觀指數(shù)景觀指數(shù)的空間表達(dá)a.Movingwindow(notStandard),thatisRound.b.Radius(meters)=800c.UncheckClassMetrics.abc移動(dòng)窗口分析

MovingWindowAnalysisAcircularorsquaremovingwindowmovesacrosstheinputgridandselectedmetricsarecalculatedforthecentercellofthewindow景觀指數(shù)自動(dòng)計(jì)算-以北京為例計(jì)算格局指數(shù)(patch,class,andlandscape)應(yīng)用“移動(dòng)窗口分析”方法計(jì)算景觀指數(shù)景觀指數(shù)的空間表達(dá)Excel數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入Copya:type“1”andcopyb:Selectallthecolumnnsc:pasteOpenIDImage546pactchesDatabasejoinDatabasejoinDisplayPatchmetrics景觀指數(shù)存在的問(wèn)題指數(shù)之間高度冗余（redundant）指數(shù)的尺度敏感性景觀格局分析概念上的缺陷格局與過(guò)程之間莫須有的關(guān)系只量化格局而不考慮過(guò)程存在與生態(tài)學(xué)無(wú)關(guān)的景觀指數(shù)近期很多文章討論這些問(wèn)題:Wu,J.2004.Effectsofchangingscaleonlandscapepatternanalysis:scalingrelations.LandscapeEcology19:125-138.Li,H.,andJ.Wu.2004.Useandmisuseoflandscapemetrics.LandscapeEcology19:389-399.那么，我需要什么樣的指數(shù)？這取決于你認(rèn)為景觀的什么特征影響你所關(guān)注的物種.大多數(shù)景觀尺度野生動(dòng)物研究關(guān)心的棲息地?cái)?shù)量和空間特征。對(duì)面積敏感的內(nèi)部種（InteriorSpecies）Patcharea(Area)Patchareastandarddeviation(Area_CSD)Classhabitatpercentage(Pland)Classmeanpatcharea(Area_MN)Classpatchareavariation(Area_SD)Classtotalcorearea(TCA)Classcoreareapercentoflandscape(CPLAND)

種群生存力

(ExtinctionandRecolinization)Classhabitatpercentage(PLAND)Classnumberofpatches(NP)Classlargestpatchindex(LPI)Classmeaneuclideannearestneighbordistance(ENN_MN)Classvariationineuclideannearestneighbordistance(ENN_SD)ClassConnectanceIndex(CONNECT)謝謝考試1.模擬兩個(gè)景觀（Early-settlement和Post-settlement）250*250柵格（ArcGis）建立屬性數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)類型：Forest，F(xiàn)armland，Grassland，Urban，Water矢量轉(zhuǎn)柵格（ArcGRID),cellsize=102.用Fragstats計(jì)算pathc、Class和Landscae三類指數(shù)3.對(duì)兩期景觀指數(shù)作圖進(jìn)行初步分析ClassPropertiesFile1,Forest,t,f2,Farmland,t,f3,Grassland,t,f4,Urban,t,f5,Water,t,fCodeClass_NameCode,Class_Name以相對(duì)路徑形式保存文件制圖頁(yè)面設(shè)置插入比例尺、指北針和圖例導(dǎo)出圖像上交的文件存檔形式謝謝Landscapemetrics

quantifythespatialrelationshipsamongpatcheswithinthelandscape

景觀構(gòu)成指數(shù)CompositionFractionalCover（類型比例）:whatproportionofthelandscapeisoccupiedbyagivenclassRichness(豐富度):thenumberofclassesEvenness（均勻度）:therelativeabundanc