先天及腦外傷課件

崔恒武cuihengwuMEDICALENGLISH

崔恒武MEDICALENGLISHCongenitalmalformation先天發(fā)育畸形corpuscallosum胼胝體Dysplasia發(fā)育不良congenitalhydrocephalus【積水】Arachnoidcyst蛛網(wǎng)膜囊腫heterotopicgreymatter灰質(zhì)異位Tuberoussclerosis結(jié)節(jié)硬化Craniostenosis—smallskullHypoplasiaofseptumpellucidum透明隔發(fā)育不全Congenitalmalformation先天發(fā)育畸形foramenmagnum枕骨大孔cervicalspinalcanal.頸部椎管Displacementofthebrainstem腦干移位cerebellartonsils小腦扁桃體herniation（疝）Intracranialhematoma腦內(nèi)血腫Epiduralhematoma硬膜外Subduralhematoma硬膜下foramenmagnum枕骨大孔

Biconvex雙凸lentiform豆狀Crescentic新月形encephalocele腦彭出myelomeningoceles脊髓脊膜脫出

【maineumi’ningoucie】Aneurysm動脈瘤Contusionofbrain（挫傷）Lacerationofbrain（裂傷）Diffuseinjuryofbrain（彌漫傷）

Sequela后遺癥Encephalomalacia腦軟化Brainatrophy腦萎縮Hydrocephalus腦積水Subduralfluidaccumulation硬膜下積液Sequela后遺癥CONGENITALMALFORMATIONCONGENITALMALFORMATIONIncluding:DysplasiaofcorpuscallosumSmallskull-狹顱癥craniostenosiscongenitalhydrocephalus【積水】Arachnoidcyst珠網(wǎng)膜囊腫cerebralheterotopicgraymatter【異位】Tuberoussclerosis結(jié)節(jié)硬化HypoplasiaofseptumpellucidumChiarimalformationSoon…..Including:ChiariImalformationcaudaldisplacementofcerebellartonsils,sometimestheinferiorvermis(引部）throughtheforamenmagnumintocervicalspinalcanal.ChiariImalformationChiariII

Displacementofthebrainstemandlowercerebellumintothecervicalspinalcanal.Theforthventricleisusuallycaudallydisplacedandextendsbelowtheforamenmagnum.Associatedwithlumbarmyelomeningoceles脊髓脊膜脫出[maineumi’ningoucie]

ChiariIIChiariIIIDownwarddisplacementofmedullawithherniation（疝）ofcerebellumthroughforamenmagnum.枕骨大孔Resultinginacervicalencephalocele腦彭出

ChiariIIIChiariIVseverecerebellarhypoplasiawithout

displacementofbrainthroughtheforamen.ChiariIV先天及腦外傷課件TraumaofbrainandskullTraumaofbrainandskullIntracranialhematomaEpiduralhematomaSubduralhematomaIntracranialhematomaEpidural1.EpiduralHaematomaA:location:Extracerebralbloodcollection,locatedbetweentheduraandtheinnertableoftheskullB.reason:post-traumaticandassociatedwithaskullfractureandtearingofthemeningealvessels;mayresultfromatearoftheduralsinusandthenbevenousinorigin,morecommonintheposteriorfossa（窩，凹）andresultsfromatearofthetransverseofsigmoidsinus.C.Shape:biconvexorlentiformandnotcrescentic,maycrossthemidline.D.Marginisveryclear.1.EpiduralHaematomaA:loca先天及腦外傷課件先天及腦外傷課件2.SubduralHaematomaA:location:bloodcollectioninthesubduralspace.B.reason:post-traumaticandvenousinorigin;mayruptureofananeurysmC.Shape:crescentic,notlentiform;notclearmargin;usuallydonotcrossthemidline.D.Masseffectwithdisplacementofthemidlinestructure2.SubduralHaematomaA:loca先天及腦外傷課件先天及腦外傷課件先天及腦外傷課件ContusionandlacerationofbrainContusionofbrain（挫傷）Lacerationofbrain（裂傷）Diffuseinjuryofbrain（彌漫傷）Contusionandlacerationofb先天及腦外傷課件Sequelaoftrauma

EncephalomalaciaBrainatrophyCystformationHydrocephalusSubduralfluidaccumulationSequelaoftraumaEncephalomalCongenitalmalformation先天發(fā)育畸形corpuscallosum胼胝體Dysplasia發(fā)育不良congenitalhydrocephalus【積水】Arachnoidcyst蛛網(wǎng)膜囊腫heterotopicgreymatter灰質(zhì)異位Tuberoussclerosis結(jié)節(jié)硬化Craniostenosis—smallskullHypoplasiaofseptumpellucidum透明隔發(fā)育不全Congenitalmalformation先天發(fā)育畸形foramenmagnum枕骨大孔cervicalspinalcanal.頸部椎管Displacementofthebrainstem腦干移位cerebellartonsils小腦扁桃體herniation（疝）Intracranialhematoma腦內(nèi)血腫Epiduralhematoma硬膜外Subduralhematoma硬膜下foramenmagnum枕骨大孔

Biconvex雙凸lentiform豆狀Crescentic新月形encephalocele腦彭出myelomeningoceles脊髓脊膜脫出

【maineumi’ningoucie】Aneurysm動脈瘤Contusionofbrain（挫傷）Lacerationofbrain（裂傷）Diffuseinjuryofbrain（彌漫傷）

Sequela后遺癥Encephalomalacia腦軟化Brainatrophy腦萎縮Hydrocephalus腦積水Subduralfluidaccumulation硬膜下積液Sequela后遺癥cerebralinfarction梗塞ischemicarea缺血區(qū)focalnecrosis局灶壞死Atherosis動脈粥樣化Atheroscleroticocclusion(栓塞）Embolism栓子embolicocclusionvasculitisandarterialspasm…血管炎，動脈痙攣unilateralhemiplegia（偏癱）【hemi‘pligia】Coma昏迷【coume】Lacunarinfarction腔隙梗塞basalgangliaarea基底節(jié)區(qū)cerebralinfarction梗塞adjacentstructures.臨近結(jié)構(gòu)Obscuration模糊aphasias（失語）hemianopia（偏盲）cerebellarataxia(共濟失調(diào)）diplopia（復視）sylvianfissure側(cè)裂池subarachnoidhaemorrhageoculomotornerves動眼神經(jīng)Carotid頸動脈cavernousaneurysm海綿狀動脈瘤trigeminalneuralgia(pain).【neu’regia】三叉神經(jīng)痛adjacentstructures.臨近結(jié)構(gòu)foramenmagnumcervicalspinalcanal.DisplacementofthebrainstemcerebellartonsilsherniationIntracranialhematomaEpiduralhematomaSubduralhematomaforamenmagnumCongenitalmalformationcorpuscallosumDysplasiacongenitalhydrocephalusArachnoidcystheterotopicgreymatterTuberoussclerosisCraniostenosis—smallskullHypoplasiaofseptumpellucidumCongenitalmalformationSequelaEncephalomalaciaBrainatrophyHydrocephalusSubduralfluidaccumulationSequela

BiconvexlentiformCrescenticencephalocele

myelomeningoceles

【maineumi’ningoucie】AneurysmContusionofbrainLacerationof