湖南省高一下學期期末考試英語試卷帶答案解析

第第頁湖南省高一下學期期末考試英語試卷(帶答案解析）（滿分：150分；考試時間：120分鐘）學校:___________班級：___________姓名：___________考號：___________一、閱讀理解DiscoverNatureSchoolsprogramsBecomingBears(Kindergarten-2grade)Bybecomingbabybears,childrenlearnfromtheir“parent”tosurvivetheseasons.Kidswillfindsafetyinthespringandlearnkindsoffoodbearseatduringthesummer,andthencreateacaveforwinterhibernation(冬眠).Afterlearningtheskillsneededtosurvive,studentswillgooutofthecaveasanindependentblackbearabletocareforthemselves.(1.5-2hours)WhoseClues?(3-5grade)Kidswilldiscoverhowplantsandanimalsusetheirspecialstructurestosurvive.Throughoutdoorstudyofplantsandanimals,kidswillrecognizetheirspecialstructuresandlearnhowtheyenablespeciestoeat,avoidtheirenemiesandsurvive.Usingwhattheyhavelearned,kidswillchooseonespeciesandtellhowtheysurviveintheirlivingplaces.(3-4hours)WingedWonders(3-5grade)Birdsaddcolorandsoundtoourworldandplayanimportantecological(生態(tài)的)role.Studentswilllearnthebasicsofbirds,understandtherolebirdsplayinfoodchainsandgobirdwatchingusingfieldguidesandtelescopes.Studentswilldohands-onactivities.Studentswillusetoolstobuildbirdfeeders,allowingthemtoattractbirdsathome.(3-4hours)ExploringYourWatershed(6-8grade)Wealldependoncleanwater.Examininghowouractionsshapethewaterwaysaroundus.Goonahiketoseefirst-handsomeofthechallengingwaterqualityproblemsinacity.Studentswilltestthewaterqualitytodeterminethehealthofanecosystem.●Eachprogramistaughtforaclasswithatleast10students.●Allprogramsincludeplentyoftimeoutdoors.Sopleaseprepareproperclothing,sunscreenandinsectkillersforchildren.●Totakepartinaprogram,pleaseemaildcprograms@.1．WhatcankidsdoatBecomingBears?A．Watchbears’performances.B．TakecareofbearsC．Learnhowtosurviveabearattack.D．Pretendtobebabybearstolearnaboutbears.2．Kidswhoareinterestedinplantswillchoose______________.A．WhoseClues? B．ExploringyourWatershedC．BecomingBears D．WingedWonders3．Accordingtothepassage,allthefourprograms_____________.A．havethesameteachinghours B．haveoutdooractivitiesC．a(chǎn)reofferedduringsummerholidays D．a(chǎn)redesignedforprimaryschoolstudentsIcametotheUnitedStatestenyearsago.IwouldalwayssaythatIwastryingtostudy,buttherewerealwaysthingslikeworkandmykidsthatwouldnotallowmetostart.NowIrealizedthatthosewereonlyexcuses.WhatstoppedmewasthatIwasafraidtostartstudyingagain.IalwaysbelievedIwouldlearnbymyself.Oneday,however,mysontoldmethathewassadbecausehisfriendswouldcomeoverandIdidn’tunderstandthembecauseIdidn’tspeakEnglish.HewasalsosadbecauseIcouldneverhelphimwithhishomework.Thatsameday,Itoldmyself,“Rocio,youhavetostartbelievinginyourselfandyouwillseeyoucanmakeit.”Thenextday,Iwentdowntowntolookforabigbanner(橫幅)infrontoftheschoolwhichsaidthattheyofferedclassesforadults.IcameintoseeifIcouldjoin,buttheclasseswereclosedalready.ThatnightItookthekidstothemovies,andonthewayback,Itoldthemwewouldtakeanewroute.Iendedupgettinglost.That’sthewayIfoundChaffeyCollege.ThefollowingMonday,Iwenttoaskforinformation.Theytoldmethatsummerschoolwasstartingthatweek.That’showIstartedstudyingEnglishlastsummer.Itisdifficult,butIhavehadgreatrewards.Mydaughterhadwrittenastoryforschool.Itwasaboutthefemaletheymostadmiredandwhy.ShewrotethatIwasthepersonshemostadmiredbecauseIhadstartedgoingtocollege.Iwillneverforgetthis.4．Accordingtothepassage,theauthorprobablyisa________.A．teacher B．doctor C．father D．mother5．WhatmadetheauthormakeuphermindtostudyEnglish?A．Whathersonsaid.B．Whatherdaughtersaid.C．Thinkingaboutherself.D．Thinkingaboutherdaughter.6．HowdidtheyfindChaffeyCollege?A．Onthewaytothemovies.B．Theytookanewrouteandgotlost.C．Askastrangerforinformation.D．Accordingtothebanner.7．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A．TheauthorcametotheUnitedStatesfromanothercountry.B．Theauthorhadtwochildrenincludingonedaughter.C．Whatreallychangedtheauthor’slifewasthatshebelievedinherself.D．Theauthorwrotethatshewasthepersonhersonmostadmired.Haveyoueverwonderedifyouseethesamecoloursasotherpeople?Mostpeopleknowwhatblueiswhentheyseeit.Theycallit"blue”becausetheyweretaughtthewordandconnecteditwithwhattheysaw.Buthowdoyouknowwhatyouseeasblueisn’tsomeoneelsesred?Theabilitytoperceive(感知)differentcoloursisuptoreceptors(接受器)inoureyes.Lightwaveshitthesereceptorsandtheyreactdependingonwhichcolourthelightis,sendingsignalstothebrain.Thebrainthenreadsthesesignalstodeterminewhichcolourlighttheeyesarereceiving.Somepeople’sreceptorsaremoredevelopedthanothers.Theinabilityofthereceptortofeelthelightwavescorrectlymeansthatsomepeoplecannottellthedifferencesbetweensimilarcolours.Thosewithmoredevelopedreceptorscanseemorecolours.Wesometimeshearpeoplehavinganargumentaboutwhethersomethingisdarkblueorblack.Itmightbebecauseonepersonhasstrongerreceptorstofeelthelightthananother.Inthepast,mostscientistswouldarguethateveryonesawcoloursinthesameway.However,researchwasconductedonmonkeys,inwhichtheirreceptorswerechanged.Thisenabledthemtoseemorecoloursthanusual.Normallymonkeyscanonlyseeblueandgreen,butthechangeallowedthemtoseered.Theirbrainsautomatically(自動地)gotusedtonewcolours.Thissuggeststhatourbrainsmayadaptdependingonourstimulus(刺激)andfindnewcolorsofthethingswesee.Colourscouldbeaverypersonalexperience,uniquetoeveryone.So,thenexttimeyoutalkaboutyourfavouritecolour,justrememberifyoursisblueandyourfriendsaysred,youtwomightactuallybethinkingaboutthesamecolour.Whatifeveryoneintheworldhasthesamefavouritecolour,butjustcallsitdifferentnames?8．WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A．Howweperceivecolours.B．Theinabilitytoseecolours.C．Whatthebraindoeswithsignals.D．Theconnectionbetweenreceptorsandlightwaves.9．Whichofthefollowingmighttheauthoragreewith?A．Somepeoplecannotfeelcolourswiththeirdevelopedreceptors.B．Themorelightpeoplefeel,theweakerreceptorstheyhave.C．Peoplewithpoorreceptorsusuallyhavecolourweakness.D．Peoplewhohavestrongreceptorscanseedarkblue.10．What’sthepurposeofconductingtheresearchonmonkeys?A．Totestthemonkeyswithcolours.B．Todevelopthereceptorsofhumans.C．Toenablemonkeystofindmorecolors.D．Toproveeveryoneseescoloursinadifferentway.11．Wheredoesthetextprobablycomefrom?A．Afilmreview. B．Asciencemagazine.C．Anartmagazine. D．Abusinessnewspaper.Asteenagersgrowup,itcanbeeasyforsometoformbadhabits.Topreventharmfulhabitsfromdominatingateenager’slifeisnecessary.Theymustlearntorecognizebadhabitsearlyandmakeproperchanges.Tochangebadhabitsisn’teasy,evenwithmanytries.Accordingtomodernpsychology(心理學)，wemustfirstlearnaboutthe“habitcycle”，whichworkslikethis:Firstly,thereisa“cue”,anaction,event,orsituationthatactsasasignaltodosomething.Secondly,thereisa“routine”,theregularactionyoutakeinresponsetothecue.Thirdly,thereisthe“reward”,thegoodthingorfeelingwegetfromtheroutine.Forexample,whenwefeelunhappy(cue),weeatlotsofunhealthysnacks(routine)whichmakesusfeelhappy(reward).Therewardmakesusmuchmorelikelytocontinuethecycle,andthebadhabitofdependingonunhealthysnacksisformed.Tohelpapositivechangeinourbadhabits,wemustfirstcheckourbadhabitcyclesandthentrytoadaptthem.Wecandothisbyapplyinghabitcycleswithourownpositiveideas.Forexample,wecouldtrytoreplaceanegativeroutinewithsomethingmorepositive.So,whenwefeelunhappyagain(cue),ratherthaneatsnacks,wecouldlistentosomefavouritemusicinstead(routine),whichwillmakeusfeelrelaxed(reward).Besideschangingbadhabits,wecanalsousethehabitcycletocreategoodhabits.Forexample,whenwecometoalift(cue),ournormalroutineistorideit,butwecouldchangethisroutineintosomethingmorepositivebytakingthestairsinstead.Althoughchangingbadhabitstakestime,yetbyshowingsomeself-controlandtakingmanysmallstepsrepeatedlywewillbuildahappyandhealthylifefullofgoodhabits!12．Whichwordcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“dominating”inparagraph1?A．Benefiting.B．Controlling.C．Valuing.D．Recollecting.13．Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?A．How“habitcycle”works.B．Why“habitcycle”shouldbecarriedout.C．Whatbenefits“habitcycle”canbringtous.D．Whenandwhere“habitcycle”shouldbeused.14．Howcanwechangingourbadhabits?A．Byputtingourownpositiveideasintohabitcycles.B．Bycheckingourbadhabitcyclesandgettingusedtothem.C．Bylisteningtosomefavouritemusicandrelaxingourselves.D．Byreplacingapositiveroutinewithsomethingmorenegatives.15．Whichistherightroutineinthehabitcyclewhenyoufeelstressedandwanttogetenergetic?A．Eatingmuchjunkfood.B．Stayinguptowatchfootballmatches.C．Playingbasketballwithfriends.D．Playingcomputergamesforalongtime.二、五選五Lastmonthweaskedourstudentsabouttheirfreetimeactivities.Ourquestionswereaboutexercise,useoftheInternetandwatchingTV.16Wefoundthatonlyfifteenpercentofourstudentsexerciseeveryday.Forty-fivepercentexercisefourtosixtimesaweek.Twentypercentexerciseonlyonetothreetimesaweek.17Weallknowthatmanystudentsoftengoonline,butweweresurprisedthatninetypercentofthemusetheInterneteveryday.Theothertenpercentuseitatleastthreeorfourtimesaweek.Moststudentsuseitforfunandnotforhomework.18OnlytwopercentofthestudentswatchTVonetothreetimesaweek.ThirteenpercentwatchTVfourtosixtimesaweek.Andeighty-fivepercentwatchTVeveryday!Althoughmanystudentsliketowatchsports,gameshowsarethemostpopular.ItisgoodtorelaxbyusingtheInternetorwatchinggameshows,19Itishealthyforthemindandthebody.Exercisesuchasplayingsportsisfun,andyoucanspendtimewithyourfriendsandfamilyasyouplaytogether.Andremember,“Oldhabitsdiehard.”20A．Sostartexercisingbeforeit’stoolate!B．Andtwentypercentdonotexerciseatall.C．butwethinkthebestwaytorelaxisthroughexercise.D．Herearetheresults.E．Theanswerstoourquestionsaboutwatchingtelevisionwerealsointeresting.三、單項選擇21．—Tom,didyoueversee_____bookthatIboughtwithyoulastweek?—No,butDadsaw____bookunderthebedthismorning.I’mnotsureifitisthatbook.A．a(chǎn),the B．the,the C．the,a22．Mike’sideasarealwaysdifferentfrom_____,andweallliketoaskhimforadvice.A．us B．we C．our D．ours23．I’mfeelingmuchbetternowsoyou________callthedoctor.A．couldn’t B．wouldn’t C．can’t D．needn’t24．—Ourschoolsportsmeet_____nextweek.Whichsportwillyoutakepartin?—Thelongjumpandthehighjump.I’mgoodatjumping.A．holds B．willbeheld C．isholding D．isheld25．Atpresent,heisbusywritingabook_______hecallsthetripofhislife.A．inthat B．onwhat C．inwhich D．inwhat26．—_____Mikeisnow17,heisstilllikealittlechild.—Well,that’sbecausehedependsonhisparentsforalmosteverything.A．Eventhough B．When C．Unless D．If27．When________tosomeone，Iusuallysay，“Pleasedtomeetyou.”A．introduce B．introduced C．introducing D．a(chǎn)mintroduced28．—Wouldyouliketogotothecinematonight?—I'dlike________,butIamtoobusy.A．so B．to C．it D．/29．—Where’sJess?—Sheisinthecomputerroomandwesawher_____researchonline.A．doing B．havingdone C．todo D．did30．_____thenews,hejumpedforjoy.A．Tohear B．Heard C．Hear D．Hearing31．Itisdifficult______abestfriend.A．tofind B．finding C．find D．tobefound32．Theystayedinthecoldforseveralhoursandtheydidn’thaveanything_____.A．eat B．eating C．toeat D．a(chǎn)te33．Theexperiment_____inyourarticleisinteresting.A．mentioned B．tomention C．mentioning D．mention34．Thescientistfoundtheequipmentinthelaboratory_____.A．damage B．damaging C．todamage D．damaged35．________theresistantforce,theydeclaredthattheyhadputarmyincludingadvancedtanksandfighter-planes________.A．Towipeout;instockB．Wipingout;inplaceC．Havingwipedout;instockD．Towipeout;inplace四、完形填空Thisisaboutanincidentwhichtookplaceseveralyearsago.Iusedtovisitanoldagehome36inourcityHyderabadinIndia.ThereI37agentlemannamedKurienwhowasinhislateeighties.HeservedtheIndianarmyand38.Hehadasonwhojustdidnotbothertotakecareofhisown39norrespectedhimwhilehewasinthehouse.Mr.Kuriengot40withthelifeinhishouseanddecidedtomoveintothisoldagehomehere.Webothbegantosharealotof41wheneverwemetandslowlyitwasadailyaffairthatIusedtospendsometimewithhim42whathewasdoinginthearmy,theirdailyschedule,camps,foodetc,whichheusedtosharewith43.Iusedtocarrywithmesomesnacksandeatthemunderatreewithhim.Isawhimreallyveryhappyinmy44.Onedayhetoldmewithtearsinhiseyes,“Ireallyfoundaverygood45inyou.Ifeellikelivingsomemoreyearstospendhappytimewithyou.”Aswe46,Itoldhimnottoworryandthatgodwouldgivehimenoughtimetospendwithme.However,Ihadanofficialmeetingandcouldnotgototheoldagehomethenextday.Thedayafterwhen1reachedthehome,hisroomwas47.Iwastoldhe48theverynightwebothmetlast.Ireallymisshim.Ihavenotgivenhimanything49,exceptthatIusedtolistentohiswordsandsharehisthoughts.Letus50whatwecan.36．A．rarely B．immediately C．frequently D．casually37．A．met B．blamed C．chose D．explored38．A．resigned B．retired C．failed D．escaped39．A．teacher B．student C．mother D．father40．A．excited B．disappointed C．a(chǎn)stonished D．satisfied41．A．toys B．clothes C．thoughts D．quarrels42．A．discussing B．discovering C．watching D．punishing43．A．worry B．joy C．fear D．curiosity44．A．existence B．disappearance C．a(chǎn)bsence D．presence45．A．friend B．neighbour C．stranger D．customer46．A．parted B．a(chǎn)rgued C．worked D．succeeded47．A．broken B．empty C．crowded D．messy48．A．felldown B．gaveup C．gotlost D．passedaway49．A．cheap B．expensive C．worthwhile D．ordinary50．A．get B．express C．share D．discuss五、用單詞的適當形式完成短文閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Helpingapersonforgetsomethingisrarelyeasy，especiallyifthe“something”ishurtfulornegative.Usesomesimpletechniquestodistractfromtheissueand51(hope)withtime，thepersonwon'tbeabletoremember52heissupposedtoforget.Removealltheitemsthatmaybringbackthememory.Anysmallobjectscanjoghismemory，socarefullyreplaceanyphotos，diariesoranyother53(person)objectsorpresentswithnewitems.Changethesubjectwheneveryourfriendbringsitup.Don'tdothisin54obviouswaybecausethisisannoying，butdoitwithouthisawarenessofyour55(intend)．Tellsome56(amuse)storiesortalkaboutimportantandhappyeventsinyourfriend'slifesuchasanewnepheworaworkpromotion.Occupyhimwith57(activity)andappointments.Keepinghimtoobusy58(think)aboutthepasthelpshimseeapositivelight.Createafullscheduleandintroducenewthingsandexperiences，suchasacookingclass，whichrequireconcentration.Bepatientandallowtimetogetoverthings.Itwillbeoftenalongtime59yourfriendfullyremovesthatmemory，sodon'tbe60(disappoint)ifitdoesn'thappenimmediately.六、開放性作文61．假定你是李華，你校英語報以“Nooneisbornawinner”這一主題征文。請你根據(jù)以下提示寫一篇文章投稿。寫作要求：1.結(jié)合實例說明你的理解；2.你的感想。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。參考答案1．D2．A3．B【分析】這是一篇應用文。短文介紹了讓學生了解和體驗大自然的課程的相關(guān)信息。1．細節(jié)理解題。由BecomingBears中的“Bybecomingbabybears,childrenlearnfromtheir“parent”tosurvivetheseasons.”可知，通過成為熊寶寶，孩子可以從“熊父母”那里學到生存的技能。所以孩子們在BecomingBears能假裝成小熊來學習關(guān)于熊的一些知識。故D選項正確。2．細節(jié)理解題。由WhoseClues?中的“Kidswilldiscoverhowplantsandanimalsusetheirspecialstructurestosurvive”可知，孩子們會發(fā)現(xiàn)植物和動物是如何利用它們的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)來生存的。所以對植物感興趣的孩子會選擇WhoseClues。故A選項正確。3．細節(jié)理解題。由BecomingBears中的“studentswillgooutofthecaveasanindependentblackbearabletocareforthemselves”.WhoseClues中的“Throughoutdoorstudyofplantsandanimals”.WingedWonders中的“gobirdwatchingusingfieldguidesandtelescopes.”和ExploringYourWatershed中的“Allprogramsincludeplentyoftimeoutdoors”可知，學生們將作為一只能夠照顧自己的獨立的黑熊走出洞穴。通過對植物和動物的戶外研究。并使用野外指南和望遠鏡觀察鳥類。所有項目都包括大量的戶外活動。所以根據(jù)這篇文章，四個項目都有戶外活動。故B選項正確。4．D5．A6．B7．D【導語】本文是記敘文。文章主要講述作者和孩子們一起在美國生活和學習的故事。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Mydaughterhadwrittenastoryforschool.Itwasaboutthefemaletheymostadmiredandwhy.ShewrotethatIwasthepersonshemostadmiredbecauseIhadstartedgoingtocollege.(我女兒為學校寫了一個故事。這是關(guān)于他們最崇拜的女性以及為什么。她寫道，我是她最欽佩的人，因為我已經(jīng)開始上大學了。)”可知，作者是一位母親。故選D。5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Oneday,however,mysontoldmethathewassadbecausehisfriendswouldcomeoverandIdidn’tunderstandthembecauseIdidn’tspeakEnglish.HewasalsosadbecauseIcouldneverhelphimwithhishomework.Thatsameday,Itoldmyself,“Rocio,youhavetostartbelievinginyourselfandyouwillseeyoucanmakeit.”(然而，有一天，我兒子告訴我，他很難過，因為他的朋友會來，而我不理解他們，因為我不會說英語。他也很難過，因為我永遠無法幫助他做作業(yè)。同一天，我告訴自己，“羅西奧，你必須開始相信自己，你會看到你能成功的?！?”可知，作者開始學習英語是因為她兒子說的話。故選A。6．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“ThatnightItookthekidstothemovies,andonthewayback,Itoldthemwewouldtakeanewroute.Iendedupgettinglost.That’sthewayIfoundChaffeyCollege.(那天晚上，我?guī)Ш⒆觽內(nèi)タ措娪?，在回來的路上，我告訴他們我們要走一條新的路。我最終迷路了。我就是這樣找到查菲學院的。)”可知，作者帶孩子們回家的路上迷路了，意外碰到了查菲學院。故選B。7．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Mydaughterhadwrittenastoryforschool.Itwasaboutthefemaletheymostadmiredandwhy.ShewrotethatIwasthepersonshemostadmiredbecauseIhadstartedgoingtocollege.(我女兒為學校寫了一個故事。這是關(guān)于他們最崇拜的女性以及為什么。她寫道，我是她最欽佩的人，因為我已經(jīng)開始上大學了。)”可知，作者是她女兒最欽佩的人。故選D。8．A9．C10．D11．B【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了人眼分辨顏色背后的科學。8．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Theabilitytoperceive(感知)differentcoloursisuptoreceptors(接受器)inoureyes.Lightwaveshitthesereceptorsandtheyreactdependingonwhichcolourthelightis,sendingsignalstothebrain.Thebrainthenreadsthesesignalstodeterminewhichcolourlighttheeyesarereceiving(感知不同顏色的能力取決于我們眼睛里的感受器。光波擊中這些感受器，感受器根據(jù)光的顏色做出反應，向大腦發(fā)送信號。然后大腦讀取這些信號，以確定眼睛接收到的是哪種顏色的光)”可知本段主要講我們?nèi)绾胃兄煌念伾９蔬xA。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Thosewithmoredevelopedreceptorscanseemorecolours.(接受器更發(fā)達的人能看到更多的顏色)”可知，接受器發(fā)達的人能看見更多的顏色，由此可推知接受器不發(fā)達的人看到的顏色少，可能存在辨別色彩的障礙。故選C。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Inthepast,mostscientistswouldarguethateveryonesawcoloursinthesameway.(在過去，大多數(shù)科學家會認為每個人看到顏色的方式都是一樣的)”及后面的轉(zhuǎn)折“However,researchwasconductedonmonkeys,inwhichtheirreceptorswerechanged.Thisenabledthemtoseemorecoloursthanusual.Normallymonkeyscanonlyseeblueandgreen,butthechangeallowedthemtoseered.(然而，在猴子身上進行的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，它們的接受器發(fā)生了變化。這使他們能比平時看到更多的顏色。通常猴子只能看到藍色和綠色，但這種變化讓它們看到了紅色)”可知，前后意思是相反的，即：對猴子進行研究的目的是證明每個人看顏色的方式不一樣。故選D。11．推理判斷題。本文第一段以一個例子發(fā)問引出接下來文章要討論的主題，故第二段首句“Theabilitytoperceive（感知）differentcoloursisuptoreceptors（接受器）inoureyes.(感知不同顏色的能力取決于我們眼睛里的感受器)”是本文主題，主要講感知色彩和眼中接收器的關(guān)系，故本篇文章可能出現(xiàn)在科普雜志上。故選B。12．B13．A14．A15．C【導語】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了青少年改變壞習慣的方法。12．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文“Asteenagersgrowup,itcanbeeasyforsometoformbadhabits.”（隨著青少年的成長，有些人很容易養(yǎng)成壞習慣）以及“Topreventharmfulhabitsfromdominatingateenager’slifeisnecessary.”（為了防止有害的習慣dominating青少年的生活是必要的）可知，為了防止有害的習慣支配青少年的生活是必要的。故劃線詞的意思是“支配，控制”。故選B項。13．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Accordingtomodernpsychology(心理學)，wemustfirstlearnaboutthe“habitcycle”，whichworkslikethis：”（我們必須首先了解“習慣周期”，它是這樣工作的）以及第二段的具體說明可知，第二段主要是關(guān)于“習慣周期”是如何運作的。故選A項。14．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Tohelpapositivechangeinourbadhabits,wemustfirstcheckourbadhabitcyclesandthentrytoadaptthem.Wecandothisbyapplyinghabitcycleswithourownpositiveideas.”（為了幫助我們積極改變壞習慣，我們必須首先檢查我們的壞習慣周期，然后嘗試適應它們。我們可以通過將習慣周期與我們自己的積極想法相結(jié)合來做到這一點。）可知，通過將我們自己的積極想法融入習慣周期可以改變我們的壞習慣。故選A項。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Forexample,wecouldtrytoreplaceanegativeroutinewithsomethingmorepositive.So,whenwefeelunhappyagain(cue),ratherthaneatsnacks,wecouldlistentosomefavouritemusicinstead(routine),whichwillmakeusfeelrelaxed(reward).”（例如，我們可以嘗試用更積極的東西來代替消極的常規(guī)。因此，當我們再次感到不開心時（暗示），而不是吃零食，我們可以聽一些喜歡的音樂來代替（常規(guī)），這會讓我們感到放松（獎勵）。）由此判斷出，當你感到壓力并想要精力充沛時，和朋友一起打籃球是正確的做法。故選C項。16．D17．B18．E19．C20．A【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者上個月，問了學生們關(guān)于業(yè)余活動、鍛煉、使用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)及看電視的情況，詳細的介紹了調(diào)查的結(jié)果。16．根據(jù)前文“Lastmonthweaskedourstudentsabouttheirfreetimeactivities.Ourquestionswereaboutexercise,useoftheInternetandwatchingTV.”（上個月我們詢問了學生們的業(yè)余活動。我們的問題是關(guān)于鍛煉、上網(wǎng)和看電視的。）所以接下來的內(nèi)容應該闡述的是此調(diào)查情況的結(jié)果。選項D“這是（調(diào)查的）結(jié)果。”承接上文，符合題意，故選D。17．根據(jù)前文“Wefoundthatonlyfifteenpercentofourstudentsexerciseeveryday.Forty-fivepercentexercisefourtosixtimesaweek.Twentypercentexerciseonlyonetothreetimesaweek.”（我們發(fā)現(xiàn)只有15%的學生每天鍛煉。百分之四十五的人每周鍛煉四到六次。百分之二十的人一周只鍛煉一到三次。）可知，此處闡述的是鍛煉情況所占的百分比，因而空處應該講述其余的25%的人情況。選項B“百分之二十的人根本不運動?！狈项}意，故選B。18．根據(jù)后句“OnlytwopercentofthestudentswatchTVonetothreetimesaweek.”（只有2%的學生每周看一到三次電視。）講述了學生看電視的情況。所以作為前句，應該陳述關(guān)于看電視的問題。選項E“我們關(guān)于看電視的問題的答案也很有趣?！?，符合題意，故選E。19．根據(jù)后句“Itishealthyforthemindandthebody.”（這對身心都有好處。）可知空處應該具體闡述什么對身心是有好處的。選項C“但我們認為最好的放松方式是運動?！?，邏輯上是對下文的提示，符合題意，故選C。20．根據(jù)前文“youcanspendtimewithyourfriendsandfamilyasyouplaytogether.Andremember,“Oldhabitsdiehard.””（你可以和你的朋友和家人一起玩，記住“舊習難改”）可知，此處講述了要抓緊鍛煉。所以空白處應承接前文，描述要趁早鍛煉。選項A“所以趁現(xiàn)在還來得及，開始鍛煉吧！”符合題意，故選A。21．C【詳解】考查冠詞。句意：——湯姆，你看見我上周與你一起買的那本書了嗎？——沒有，但是爸爸今天上午在床下看到過一本書，我不確定是否是那本書。根據(jù)下文的thatIboughtwithyoulastweek可知，第一空指說話雙方都知道的一本書，用定冠詞；根據(jù)下文“我不確定是否是那本書”可推斷，爸爸看到的書泛指“任何一本書”用不定冠詞修飾。故選C。22．D【詳解】考查名詞性物主代詞。句意：邁克的想法總是與我們的不同，我們都喜歡向他征求意見。為避免重復使用名詞，有時可用名詞性物主代詞來代替“形容詞性物主代詞+名詞”的形式，即空處指代ourideas“我們的觀點”；第一人稱復數(shù)名詞性物主代詞用ours，故選D項。23．D【詳解】考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：我現(xiàn)在感覺好多了，所以你不必叫醫(yī)生。A.couldn’t不可能；B.wouldn’t不會；C.can’t不能；D.needn’t不必。根據(jù)句中“I’mfeelingmuchbetternow”可知，我現(xiàn)在感覺好多了，由此可知，不必叫醫(yī)生了。故選D項。24．B【詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：——我們學校下周將舉行運動會。你想?yún)⒓幽捻椷\動？——跳遠和跳高。我擅長跳躍運動。由時間狀語nextweek可知，事情發(fā)生在將來，所以設空處對應時態(tài)應為一般將來時。因為sportsmeet和謂語動詞hold之間是被動關(guān)系，所以此處hold應用被動語態(tài)。故選B項。25．B【詳解】考查賓語從句。句意：目前，他正忙著寫一本關(guān)于他所謂的人生之旅的書。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，介詞on意為“關(guān)于”，后面需加賓語從句，call后面缺少賓語，需用連接代詞what引導。故選B。26．A【詳解】考查連詞。句意：——盡管麥克現(xiàn)在17歲了，可是他仍然像個小孩?！堑模鞘且驗樗裁词虑槎家蕾嚫改?。A.Eventhough盡管，即使；B.When當……的時候；C.Unless除非；D.If假如。由句意可知，前半句說的是麥克17歲了，后半句卻說他還像個小孩。前后句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以用連詞eventhough引導讓步狀語從句，意為“盡管，即使”。故選A項。27．B【詳解】考查過去分詞和省略。句意：當我被介紹給別人時，我通常會說：“很高興認識你。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句是when引導的時間狀語從句，原句是WhenIamintroducedtosomeone，這里當從句中的主語與主句的主語一致，并且從句的謂語動詞有be時，這時從句的主語與be同時省略，所以空處需用過去分詞introduced。故選B。28．B【詳解】考查省略句。句意：——你今晚想去看電影嗎？——我很想去，但我太忙了。由句意可知，回答一方“想去看電影”，答句為“I'dliketogotothecinematonight”，省略gotothecinematonight，不可省略to。故選B項。29．A【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：——杰斯在哪里？——她現(xiàn)在在電腦室，我們看到她在做線上研究。結(jié)合語意，她現(xiàn)在在電腦室，她在做研究這件事情發(fā)生在現(xiàn)在，所以此處應用現(xiàn)在分詞形式doing，表示正在進行，充當賓語補足語。故選A項。30．D【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：聽到這個消息，他高興得跳了起來。分析句子可知，句子謂語動詞為jumped，此處空格的動詞為非謂語，動詞hear與邏輯主語he之間是主動關(guān)系，需用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，表伴隨。故選D項。31．A【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：找到一個好朋友很難。Itisadjforsbtodo為固定句型，it做形式主語，真正的主語是后面的不定式。故選A項。32．C【詳解】考查動詞不定式作后置定語。句意：他們在寒冷中呆了幾個小時，沒有任何吃的動詞。此處用動詞不定式作后置定語，表示“可以吃的”，故選C。33．A【詳解】考查過去分詞。句意：你文章里提到的實驗很有趣。動詞mention意為“提及”，和系動詞之間沒有連詞，根據(jù)“inyourarticle”可知，和主語experiment構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，且動作已完成，所以應用過去分詞作后置定語。故選A。34．D【詳解】考查過去分詞。句意：科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)實驗室里的設備損壞了。分析句子可知，空處填非謂語動詞，theequipmentinthelaboratory與damage在邏輯上是動賓關(guān)系，表示被動，所以用過去分詞作賓語補足語。故選D項。35．D【詳解】考查非謂語動詞和介詞短語辨析。句意：為了消滅敵對勢力，他們宣布包括先進的坦克和戰(zhàn)斗機在內(nèi)的部隊已經(jīng)準備就緒。根據(jù)句意可知，這里表示“目的”，表目的用動詞不定式，排除B、C；instock有現(xiàn)貨；inplace在對的位置，適當?shù)模瑴蕚渚途w；put...inplace準備就緒，故選D項。36．C37．A38．B39．D40．B41．C42．A43．B44．D45．A46．A47．B48．D49．C50．C【分析】本文是記敘文。主要敘述了作者在拜訪一家老年人之家時，遇到了一個老人。作者和老人一起分享思想，互相聆聽彼此的想法的故事。36．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我過去常常去拜訪在印度海得拉巴市的一家老年人之家。A.rarely很少；B.immediately立即；C.frequently經(jīng)常地；D.casually隨意地。根據(jù)上文的“usedto(過去常常)”并結(jié)合下文作者與老人經(jīng)常分享一些想法可知，作者經(jīng)常去老年人之家。故選C。37．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在那兒我遇到了一位名叫Kurien的紳士，他快要九十歲了。A.met相遇；B.blame責備；C.chose選擇；D.explored探索。根據(jù)上文“Iusedtovisitanoldagehome”和There可推斷，作者在去老年人之家的時候，遇到了一位年近90的紳士。故選A。38．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他在印度軍隊服過役，退休了。A.resigned辭職；B.retired退休；C.failed失??；D.escaped逃跑。根據(jù)上文“agentlemannamedKurienwhowasinhislateeighties”可知，年近90歲了，理應是退休了。故選B。39．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他有一個兒子，當他在家里的時候，兒子既不愿意照顧自己的父親，也不尊重他。A.teacher教師；B.student學生；C.mother母親；D.father父親。根據(jù)上文“Hehadason”以及who引導定語從句修飾son可知，兒子既不愿意照顧自己的老父親也不尊重父親。此處說的是這位老人。故選D。40．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Kurien先生對家里的生活感到失望，決定搬到海得拉巴的這個老年人之家。A.excited激動的；B.disappointed失望的；C.astonished驚奇的；D.satisfied滿意的。根據(jù)上一句“Hehadasonwhojustdidnotbothertotakecareofhisown4norrespectedhimwhilehewasinthehouse.”可知，他兒子對他不好，因此他應該是很失望。故選B。41．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每當我們見面時，我們都開始分享很多想法，慢慢地，這變成了一種慣例，我會花一些時間和他討論他在軍隊里做什么，他們的日常日程安排，營地，食物等等，他總是很高興地分享這些。A.toys玩具；B.clothes衣服；C.thoughts思想；想法；D.quarrels爭吵。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Iusedtolistentohiswordsandsharehisthoughts”可知，作者與這位老人經(jīng)常分享一些想法。故選C。42．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：每當我們見面時，我們都開始分享很多想法，慢慢地，這變成了一種慣例，我會花一些時間和他討論他在軍隊里做什么，他們的日常日程安排，營地，食物等等，他總是很高興地分享這些。A.discussing討論；B.discovering發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.watching觀看；D.punishing懲罰。根據(jù)上文“Webothbegantosharealotof6wheneverwemet”和下文“exceptthatIusedtolistentohiswordsandsharehisthoughts”可推斷，作者和老人見面時，二人分享想法，作者經(jīng)常和老人討論老人喜歡分享的他在軍隊里的一些事情。故選A。43．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每當我們見面時，我們都開始分享很多想法，慢慢地，這變成了一種慣例，我會花一些時間和他討論他在軍隊里做什么，他們的日常日程安排，營地，食物等等，他總是很高興地分享這些。A.worry擔心；B.joy高興；C.fear恐懼；D.curiosity好奇。由下文的“Isawhimreallyveryhappy”和“Ifeellikelivingsomemoreyearstospendhappytimewithyou.”可知，老人和作者在一起很開興，which引導非限制性定語從句，指代“whathewasdoinginthearmy,theirdailyschedule,camps,foodetc”，這些應是老人高興分享的東西。故選B。44．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我看到他在我面前真的非常高興。A.existence存在；B.disappearance消失；C.absence缺席；D.presence在場、出席。根據(jù)上文“Iusedtocarrywithmesomesnacksandeatthemunderatreewithhim.”可知，作者經(jīng)常陪著老人一起吃東西聊天，因此推斷在作者面前老人很高興。inone’spresence(在某人面前)。故選D。45．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一天他含淚對我說：“我發(fā)現(xiàn)你真是個好朋友，我想再多活幾年和你一起度過快樂時光。”A.friend朋友；B.neighbour鄰居；C.stranger陌生人；D.customer顧客。根據(jù)下文“Ifeellikelivingsomemoreyearstospendhappytimewithyou.”可知，老人覺得作者是很好的朋友。故選A。46．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當我們分開的時候，我告訴他不要擔心，上帝會給他足夠的時間和我在一起。A.parted分開；分離；B.argued爭論；C.worked工作；D.succeeded成功；根據(jù)下文“However,Ihadanofficialmeetingandcouldnotgototheoldagehomethenextday.”可推斷，作者有一個正式會議，第二天不能去老年人之家，此處應是當我們分開的時候。故選A。47．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：后天，當我到達老年人之家時，他的房間是空的。A.broken破碎的；B.empty空的；C.crowded擁擠的；D.messy凌亂的。根據(jù)下文“Iwastoldhe13thevery