主動表被動的幾種情況課件

動詞不定式及其---主動表被動用法1動詞不定式及其1Grammar

一動詞不定式

動詞不定式由“to+動詞原形”構(gòu)成，可以在句中作主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語、補(bǔ)足語等,但不能作謂語。2Grammar 一動詞不定式2動詞不定式Todothatsortofthingisfoolish。Iwanttoseeyouthisevening.Allyouhavetodoistofinishitquickly.Wefoundahousetolivein.ShecameheretostudyEnglish.

Iwarnedthepatientnottoeatcoldwater

aftertheoperation.

主語

賓語表語

定語

狀語

賓補(bǔ)3動詞不定式Todothatsortofthing一般式：tobedone,完成式：tohavebeendone。只有及物動詞和相當(dāng)于及物動詞的短語才有不定式的被動式。e.g.Heaskedtobesenttoworkinthatfactory.

Theyhadbeenwarnedmanytimesbefore theycarriedouttheplan.

動詞不定式被動式(發(fā)生在謂語動詞之后或同時發(fā)生)

(發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前)4一般式：tobedone,動詞不定式被動式(發(fā)生在謂語主動表被動5主動表被動5

謂語動詞主動表被動

主動表被動

非謂語動詞主動表被動661.有些不及物動詞或短語,如exist,appear,happen,occur,cometrue,takeplace,breakout,runout,

等常以主動形式表被動意義。我的錢用完了。(runout)我實現(xiàn)了夢想。（cometrue）Mymoneyhasrunout.Mydreamhascometrue.一、謂語動詞主動表被動的四種情形71.有些不及物動詞或短語,如exist,appear,2.感官動詞(feel,look,seem,taste,sound),和一些連系動詞(如remain,keep,stay,prove等）常以主動形式表示被動意義。Thewater_______(feel)coolwhenIjumpedintothepool.Theice-cream_______(taste)delicious.felttastes82.感官動詞(feel,look,seem,tast3.

當(dāng)read,write,draw,wash,clean,burn,cook,cut,wear,sell等詞與well,easily,quickly等副詞連用時,常用主動表被動。

93.當(dāng)read,write,draw,wash,cTheclothwasheswell.

Thepoemreadssmoothly.

Thebooksellswell.

Thischeesedoesn’tcuteasily.It’stoosoft.Thisshirtwillwearverylong.

Thefloordoesn’tcleaneasily.

Thiskindofricecooksmorequicklythanthatkind.10Theclothwasheswell.

ThepoQuestions:

1.Whendidtheaccident________? 交通事故是什么時候發(fā)生的？

2.Whendidthewar_________? 戰(zhàn)爭是何時爆發(fā)的？

3.Ice-creamalways______wellinsummer. 冰淇淋在夏天總是很好賣。happenbreakoutsells11Questions: 1.Whendidtheacci4. Themusic__________beautiful. 音樂優(yōu)美動聽。5.Astimewenton,Einstein’stheory_______tobecorrect.

隨著時間的推移，愛因斯坦的理論被證明是正確的。6.Goodmedicine________bitter!soundsprovedtastes124. Themusic__________beaut二、非謂語動詞主動表被動的情況：

1.

不定式toblame,tolet/rent,tohire,toseek用做表語時，通常用主動表被動。

Whoistoblame?

Thehouseistolet.

(該怪誰呢？)(此屋出租。)

13二、非謂語動詞主動表被動的情況：

1.不定式tobla2.在“主語+be+形容詞+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式通常……

Thequestionisdifficulttoanswer.

Doyouthinkthewaterissafetodrink?Hiswritingisimpossibletoread.Thestrawberriesarenicetoeat.Themanishardtoplease.Theroomisexpensivetolivein.142.在“主語+be+形容詞+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)中的不定式通有時形容詞后跟有名詞，在名詞后用作定語的不定式用主動形式表示被動意義：

It’sadifficultbooktoread.

那是一本難讀的書。

Itisapleasantthing

toremember.

這是一件值得記住的愉快的事。15有時形容詞后跟有名詞，在名詞后用作定語的不定式用主動形式表示3．在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中例如：

Thereisalotofhomework_______（do）．Thereisnothing______________（worryabout）．

todotoworryabout163．在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中todotoworryab4.在“too…to;enoughto…”結(jié)構(gòu)中主動表被動。too…to也可用被動如：Theproblemistoodifficult__________(workout)．Thehouseisbigenough__________(livein).toworkouttolivein174.在“too…to;enoughto…”結(jié)構(gòu)中主動表5.不定式用于某些動詞的（have,havegot,get,want,need）賓語后做后置定語時，主動表被動：e.g.Ihavesomeletterstowrite.

Iwantsomethingtodrink.不定式與所修飾的名詞為被動的動賓關(guān)系，與句子的主語為主動的主謂關(guān)系時，不定式用主動表被動。

185.不定式用于某些動詞的（have,havegot,但是注意：

Ihavesomethingtotype.

(我自己打)

Ihavesomethingtobetyped.

(請別人打)

所以：當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語和句子的主語一致時就用主動表被動，若不一致，則需用被動表被動。

Ihavealettertopost.(自己寄)

Ihavealettertobeposted.(請別人寄)

19但是注意：196.beworth/need/want/require/deserve/bear…

+doing,主動表被動Inall,thebookisworthreading.=isworthytoberead.

SuchamanasMr

Smithisnotworthhelping.＝SuchamanasMr

Smithisnotworthytobehelped206.beworth/need/want/reqTheplants

needwateringeveryday.

=needtobewatered.

Thewall

wantsrepairing

=toberepaired.

Heisill.He

deservessendingtohospital.

=tobesenttohospital.

21Theplantsneedwateringevery7.不定式與疑問詞連用e.g.Whichmovietowatchhasnotbeendecidedyet.Idon’tknowwhattodonext.8.在“with+賓語+todo”結(jié)構(gòu)中。例如：

Withnothing_______(do)，helayinbed．

Withsomanyexercises________(finish)，Ican’tgotothecinema．todotofinish227.不定式與疑問詞連用todotofinish221.這些孩子需要細(xì)心照料。2.他不知道接下來要怎么表達(dá)自己。3.這個問題很好解決。Excercise!Thesechildrenneedlookingaftercarefully.Hedidn’tknowhowtoexpresshimself.

Thisproblemisveryeasytoworkout.231.這些孩子需要細(xì)心照料。Excercise!These4.I'mgoingtoBeijingnextweek.Doyouhaveanything_____________toyourparents?5.Ihaveameetingto__________today.（今天我有一個會議要參加。）6.I’llgotothepostoffice.Doyouhavealetter______________?7.Thereis