教育見習(xí)課件

Brainstorming

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Unit3PublicAttitudeTowardScience

StephenHawking2/47

Contents

BackgroundinformationTextanalysisExercisesOraltasks3/47BackgroundInformation

1)BriefintroductiontoStephenHawkingStephenHawking,wasborninOxford，England.HegraduatedfromOxfordUniversityin1962andearnedhisPh.degreefromTrinityCollegeattheUniversityofCambridgein1996.Hawkinghasanincurablemusculardisease,amyotrophiclateralsclerosis(ALS).4/47斯蒂芬·威廉·霍金

史蒂芬·霍金，英國著名物理學(xué)家，1942年1月8日出生于英國牛津。畢業(yè)于牛津大學(xué)（OxfordUniversity），并獲劍橋大學(xué)宇宙學(xué)博士學(xué)位。他由于在21歲時不幸患上了會使肌肉萎縮盧伽雷氏癥，因此被禁錮在輪椅上，只有三根手指能夠活動。1972年，黑洞輻射發(fā)覺具有極其基本意義，它將引力、量子力學(xué)和統(tǒng)計力學(xué)統(tǒng)一在一起。他兩本著作《時間簡史》和《果殼宇宙》廣受歡迎。本文選自他文集《黑洞和宇宙嬰兒期》。5/472)Frankenstein

ThemaincharacterinanovelofterrorbyMaryW.Shelley.Heisayoungmedicalstudentwhocreatesamonsterthatdestroyshim.

6/47弗蘭肯斯坦

“弗蘭肯斯坦”是小說中那個瘋狂科學(xué)家名字，他用許多碎尸塊拼接成一種“人”，并用閃電將其激活?！陡ヌm肯斯坦》已經(jīng)成為科幻史上典型?！案ヌm肯斯坦”一詞后來用以指代“頑固人”或“人形怪物”，以及“脫離控制發(fā)明物”等。百年百部電影之科學(xué)怪人片段.flv-快捷方式7/47

politicalpartieswhosemainconcernistoprotecttheenvironment3)Greenparties8/47

4)TheSkyatNight

apopularBritishtelevisionprogrammeonastronomy.back9/4710/47I.structureofthetextbackPartsParagraphsMainideaPartoneParagraph（1-3）.

ParttwoParagraph（4-6）

PartthreeParagraph（7）Toensurethecorrectchangeandmakeinformeddecisions,thepublicneedsabasicunderstandingofscienceWhatcanbedoneistoteachthepublicaboutscientificbackgroundanditsframework.

Withaninformedpublic,humancivilizationwillsurvive11/47II.WordsandphrasesAttitude:mannerorwayonethinksabout,behavestowardorfeeltowardsborsthn.態(tài)度；見解；意見；姿勢

Collocation：attitudeto/towardtosborsth1.Hisson’sattitudeto/towardworkmadehimveryangry.他兒子看待工作態(tài)度讓他很氣憤。2.Someyoungsterstendtotakehostileattitudetotheirparentsandteachers12/47MorephrasesAdoptaviolentattitude采取粗暴態(tài)度Abroadmindedattitude寬宏大量態(tài)度Acarefreeattitude無憂無慮態(tài)度E.g：Hekeepsacarefreeattitudetowardstudy.13/47

Likely

1.(asadj)probable也許

Collocation：belikelytodosth

itislikelythat1）Itwassuchanexcitingexperiencethattheywerenotlikelytoforgetit.2）我室友也許取得一等獎學(xué)金Itislikelythatmyroommatewillwinthefirst-classscholarship.2.(asadv.following“very”or“most”)probablyWewillmostlikelystayhomeduringsummerVacation.暑假期間我們很也許呆在家14/47Compare:likely,possible,probableLikely:強(qiáng)調(diào)從表面跡象看來大有也許或有理由期待發(fā)生某事，常表達(dá)預(yù)見性Possible：指根據(jù)情況也許存在、發(fā)生或也許做任何事情，但往往具有事實(shí)上希望很小意味Probable：根據(jù)情況或邏輯看似乎合理，但既不能肯定也不能證明。與possible相比也許性較大某些。15/47Sheisthemostlikelygirltowintheprize.她是最有希望得獎女孩。Itispossiblethattheheadmasterwillcometolistentoourclass.校長也許會來聽我們班課。Hissuccessisnotimpossiblebuthardlyprobable.他成功并非是不也許，不過希望極小。

16/47Dowithout：managetosurvive,continue,succeedwithoutsth.沒有…..也行；沒有….而設(shè)法對付過去

1.Itissaidthatthemonkcandowithoutfoodforamonth2..Thesuccessisnothingmorethandoingwellwhateveryoudowithoutathoughtoffame.

成功就是好好工作而不計較名利3.wecannotdowithoutdemocracy,norcanwedowithoutcentralism.

不能夠沒有民主，也不能夠沒有集中。

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Highly:

1)adv.tobeahighdegree非常

Therearemanyhighlydangeroussubstancesinthatlaboratory2)favorably非常贊許地.

Compare：1.Doyouseethatbutterflyflyinghighabovethestreet?你是否看見那只蝴蝶在街道上方高高飛舞著？

2.Thedistinguishedguestswerehighlypraised.來賓們受到了高度贊揚(yáng)

注：不帶-ly副詞表達(dá)詳細(xì)行為和動作，說明動作或情況有可測量性和可見性；而以-ly結(jié)尾同源副詞所體現(xiàn)經(jīng)常是抽象性行為和情況18/47Put/turntheclockbackreturntothepastortoapreviouswayofdoingthings.向后倒退，開倒車，守舊規(guī)

E.g..：Sinceyoucannotputtheclockback,youmaywellforgetthepastandlooktothefuture.

E.g.：Forgetallaboutitandlooktothefuture;youcan’tturntheclockback.忘掉它，向前看，不能開倒車。E.g.:Onecannotputbacktheclock.歷史車輪不可扭轉(zhuǎn)。19/47Cutoff:

stopprovidingsth.Especiallypowerandwater.切斷1）由于美國空襲，這座都市水和電供應(yīng)已經(jīng)切斷了。

WaterandelectricitysupplieshavebeencutoffbecauseoftheAmericanairattacks.2）由于沒有交電話費(fèi)，他們電話被切斷了。Theirphonehasbeencutoffbecausetheyhaven’tpaidthebill。20/47Collocation：

cutaway切掉，砍掉

cutoff切斷…去路；使…與外隔絕cutin插嘴；超車；插入cutout切斷；刪去；停頓；關(guān)掉1.IwasjusttalkingtoMargaretwhenJackson______2.Hewasinhospitalforsixmonths.Hefeltasifhewas______fromtheoutsideworld.CutinCutoff21/47Bring

BringinBringonBringforthBringaboutBringup引發(fā)，使發(fā)生，致使.造成；引發(fā)；使…發(fā)展；幫助迅速生長或開花.產(chǎn)生；刊登；提出.引進(jìn)；生產(chǎn)；增加.提出；教育；養(yǎng)育；嘔出；（船等）停下.22/47Inquire：askinformationfromsb問詢；查究

collocation：inquireofsb問詢；打聽

inquireaboutsth問詢，查問；打聽Initiative:

1）theabilitytoassessorinitiativesthindependently.首創(chuàng)精神

e.g.：Theworkersareabletosolvetheproblemsontheirinitiative.

2）bethefirstpersontotakeactioninaparticularsituation.積極

e.g.：He’sgotnoinitiative.23/47

Ensure:

makesure確保，確保

collocation：ensuresth

ensuresbsth

ensurethat-clauseThisnewtreatywillensurepeaceHardworkcombinedwithluckwillensureyouaplaceinsocietyComeearlytoensurethatyougetaseat.24/47

Inform:

givefactsorinformation(tell)通知；告訴；報告Collocation:informsbof/aboutsth.informsbthat-clauseE.g.：OfficialssaytheleafletsareintendedtoinformNorthKoreansaboutthesinkingoftheSouthKoreannavalvessel.25/47

Intwominds(aboutsth):unabletodecidewhetherornotyouwantsthorwanttodosth.躊躇不決

對于她是否接收她禮物，我以為她有些躊躇不決Ithinkshe’sintwomindsaboutwhethertoaccepthispresentornot.Basis:

theunderlyingsupportorfoundationforaidea,argument,process.基礎(chǔ),基本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或原理Trustisonlythebasisforagoodworkingrelationship.

Collocation:onthebasisof在…基礎(chǔ)上Onthebasisofthesestatisticsdecisionsaremade.26/47

Liein:

existorfoundinsth存在，在于

1.Hisskillliesinhisabilitytocommunicatequitecomplicatedideas

2.Theplay’sinterestliesinthequestionitraisesaboutmarriage.Intermof:

asregarded(sth);expressedas(sth)從….方面或角度來說，按照，根據(jù)1.Hethinksofeverythingintermsofmoney.2.Acomputerispowerfulintermsofcapacityandspeed.。27/47Putacross：causesthtobeunderstoodbysb解釋清楚，使理解e.g.：thespeakerdoesn’tknowhowtoputhisideasacrosstohislisteners.Collocation：putsthaway將…收起；積蓄，攢錢；putsthaside積蓄，攢錢

putsbforward推薦；薦舉e.g.：CanIputyournameforwardforclubsecretary.28/47Entertain:

1)givepleasureto給…以娛樂

Heentertainedhisfriendswithstoriesfromhischildhood.

2)haveasaguest招待

Theyoftenentertainedtheirfriendsatweekends.

他們常在周末招待朋友。3）懷著,抱著;持有(信心等)

Ihaveneverentertainedanyillusionsabouthim.

我歷來沒有對他抱過幻想。29/47Fitinto:適合，符合，配合1.她是一種如此好交際女孩以至于她很容易適應(yīng)于一種新班級。Sheissuchasociablegirlthatsheeasilyfitsintoanewclass.2.Idon’tfitintothesceneryaroundhere.我和這里環(huán)境不相稱.3.Thegeardoesn’tfitintothemachine.齒輪與機(jī)器不備back30/47III.Languagepoints一.AsAs引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時，能夠代主句所有或部分內(nèi)容。常表說話人有關(guān)說話根據(jù)、態(tài)度、評論、見解等。有“正如、像”等意思。定語從句能夠置主句句首、句中或句末。as后常接expect，know，report，say，see等動詞主、被動語態(tài)句。

31/471．____isknowntoeverybody，themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth．

A．ItB．AsC．ThatD．What

2．Mike，asweexpected，attendedthemeeting．像我們所盼望那樣，邁克參與了會議。

3．Hewasn'tunconscious，ascouldbejudgedfromhiseyes．他并未失去知覺，這從他眼神能夠判斷出來。

B32/47which與as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句區(qū)分

1．Which只能放在主句背面，而as引導(dǎo)從句位置相對較靈活，可在前，可在中，也可在后。2.當(dāng)which引導(dǎo)從句在乎義上近乎并列關(guān)系時，能夠用andthis，andthat替代，意思是“這件事”Hechangedhismind,which(andthis,andthat)mademeveryangry.他變化了主意，這使我很氣憤。

3.而as主要起與上下文連接作用，體現(xiàn)說話人見解、觀點(diǎn)，并指出主句內(nèi)容出處或根據(jù)等Einstein,asweknow,isafamousscientist.愛因斯坦，眾所周知，是位偉大科學(xué)家。

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帶介詞典型定語從句，必須用which，不能用as

Thereisagreatdealofoxygenaroundus,withoutwhichwecouldnotlive.我們周圍有許多氧氣，沒有它我們就無法生存。

5．當(dāng)定語從句位于主句之后，純正表達(dá)主句所述內(nèi)容，不帶有“如……那樣”意思時，往往用which,而不用as。例如：

Theywereinvitedtothestatebanquet,which(as)wasagreathonortothem.他們被邀請參與國宴，這對他們來說是莫大榮幸。6.當(dāng)定語從句有“猶如……那樣”含義時，用as比用which更常見，而這些從句幾乎成為固定說法。例如：

A)

Thingswillturnoutcontrarytoone’swishes,asisoftenthecase.事與愿違，這是常用事。

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二.Such與so使用方法1.二者都可用于“such/so...as”構(gòu)造，意為“正如……那樣”。其區(qū)分是such修飾中心詞是名詞，而so修飾是形容詞或副詞。如：1）Suchpeopleasyou'vedescribedaredifficulttofind.2）Peoplearenotsohonestastheyoncewere.2.二者都可用于“such/so...asto”構(gòu)造，意為“如此……以至于”。而soasto則表達(dá)目標(biāo)，意為“為了；目標(biāo)是……”，相稱于inorderto。如：Weleftforthestationsoearlyastocatchthefirsttrain.

35/473.such背面主要是修飾名詞。即：such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.或a/an＋such＋adj.＋n.。假如名詞是不可數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞，則不能夠用不定冠詞a或an。

①Hehassuchabeautifulbike.Weallgotoseeit.

②It'sasuchfineday.Wealwanttogotoflyakite.

4.so背面只能跟形容詞或副詞。即：和so＋adj.或adv.不過，so背面也能夠跟名詞，但該名詞必須是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。使用方法為：so+形容詞+a或an+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。如：

①Thetigerissobig.Andthecatissosmall.

②Sheissolovelyagirl.

36/47三.倍數(shù)體現(xiàn)1.“A+倍數(shù)+形容詞或副詞比較級+than+B”，表達(dá)“A比B大（長、高、寬等）多少倍”。如：Thishallisfivetimesbiggerthanourclassroom.這個大廳比我們教室大四倍（是我們教室五倍）。2.“A+倍數(shù)+as+形容詞或副詞原級+as+B”，表達(dá)“A正好是B多少倍”。如：AsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope.亞洲面積是歐洲四倍37/47

3.……timesasmany/much+名詞+as+被比對象”。Thereisfourtimesasmuchwaterinthispotasinthatone.這個壺里裝水是那個壺里四倍。根據(jù)第一句,完成第二、三句,每空填一詞,使句意不變。1.Thisriveristhreetimesaswideasthatone.Thisriveris______timesthe__________ofthatone.Thisriveris____________________thanthatone.widththreetwicewider38/472.Themeetingroomisthreetimesbiggerthanouroffice.Themeetingroomis__________timesas__________asouroffice.Themeetingroomis__________timesthe__________ofouroffice.3.Thenewbuildingisfivetimeastheheightoftheoldone.Thenewbuildingis__________timesas__________astheoldone.Thenewbuildingis__________times__________thantheoldone.

threebigthreesizefivehighfourhigherback39/47Styleofthetext

Thisarticleisanexposition,ituses“thethirdperson”toexplainthewholepassageinordertomakethearticleobjective.

說明文一般先陳說一種觀點(diǎn)，然后列出支持觀點(diǎn)細(xì)節(jié)，以說明為主要體現(xiàn)方式來說明事物、說明事理而給人以知識文章，它通過對實(shí)體事物

解說，或?qū)Τ橄笳D闡釋，使人們對事物形態(tài)、構(gòu)造、性質(zhì)、種類，成因、功能，關(guān)系或?qū)κ吕砀拍睢⑻攸c(diǎn)、起源、演變、異同等有所結(jié)識，從而取得有關(guān)知識。

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40/47ExercisesFurtherunderstanding

forpartone

questions1.whydoestheauthorthinkthepastwasnotthatwonderful？2.Canaglobalstatethatsuppressesanythingnewpreventfurtherdevelopment?WhyorWhynot?Ifnot,whatcanitdo?3.Whatarethetwominds？41/47forparttwo

skimming

Skimpart2tofindoutamini-exposition

Topicsentence：Howtoeducatepublicinscience？Supportingone:Supportingtwo:Supportingthree:.scienceeducationinschoolsreplacingequationswithwordsanddiagrams

makinguseofpopularmedia42/47forpart3

TorF