四川省綿陽市高中2021屆高三上學(xué)期第一次診斷性考試英語試題含解析

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專精四川省綿陽市高中2021屆高三上學(xué)期第一次診斷性考試英語試題含解析綿陽市高中2018級第一次診斷性考試英語本試卷分為試題卷和答題卡兩部分,其中試題卷共12頁；答題卡共2頁。滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘.注意事項(xiàng):1。答題前,考生務(wù)必在答題卡上將自己的學(xué)校、班級、姓名用0。5毫米黑色簽字筆填寫清楚,同時用2B鉛筆將考號準(zhǔn)確填涂在“考號”欄目內(nèi)。2。選擇題使用2B鉛筆填涂在答題卡對應(yīng)題目標(biāo)號的位置上，如需改動，用橡皮擦擦干凈后再選涂其它答案；非選擇題用0。5毫米黑色簽字筆書寫在答題卡的對應(yīng)框內(nèi),超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效；在草稿紙、試題卷上答題無效。3.考試結(jié)束后將答題卡收回.第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）回答聽力部分時，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。聽力部分結(jié)束前，你將有兩分鐘的時間將你的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1。5分，滿分7。5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題并閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt？A?！?9.15。B.￡9。18。C?！?.15.答案:C。1.Wheredidtheconversationtakeplace？A。Onaplane.B。Onatrain。C。Onabus.2。Whatdidthemando?A。Hecookedacake。B.Hetookatest.C.Hefixedawashingmachine。3.What’stheman'suncle?A.Ateacher.B。Aboss.C。Aneditor.4。Whattimeisitnow?A。9：40。B.9：45.C.9:50.5.Whatisthewoman'ssuggestionfortheman?A。Listentomusic。B.Starthisownbusiness。C。Tryhisluckatthesupermarket.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間.每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍.聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題.6.Whatcouldthemanmostprobablybe？A。Ataxidriver.B.Apoliceman。C。Ahotelclerk。7。Wheredoesthewomanthinkshelosthercellphone?A.Inapark。B.Inasupermarket.C.Inataxi。聽第7段材料,回答第8至9題.8.Whataretheytalkingabout?A.Schooltrips.B。Greatpaintings.C.Climatechanges.9.Whichplacedidthegirlgotolastyear？A。Amuseum。B.Asportcentre。C。Agarden.聽第8段材料,回答第10至12題。10.Whatisthewoman?A.Astudent。B。Ateacher.C.Abusinesswoman。11.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofherChinese？A。Betterthanbefore。B。Unabletospeakit。C.Asgoodasherownlanguage。12.What’sthewoman'sadviceforpeoplegoingabroad？A。Workhard。B。Bepatient.C.Don'tbeafraidofbeinglaughedat。聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13。Whydidthemanfailtoanswerthecallyesterday?A.Hedidn'theartheringing.B。Hewastalkingwithothers。C。Hedidn’tansweritintime.14。Whatdidthemandoyesterdaymorning？A。Hemetsomerepresentatives.B.Heworkedonareport.C.Heattendedameeting.15。Whatdidthewomandoyesterdaymorning？A。TalkedtoTom。B。Hadameeting.C。Receivedacustomer.16.Whataretheytalkingaboutintheend？A。Thewoman’sresearch。B.Theman’sreport.C.Theirboringday.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhatwastheRenaissancemainlyabout?ATheLatinlanguage。B。TheChristianreligion。C。Artsandscience。18.HowlongdidtheRenaissancelast?A.About200years.B。About300years。C。About400years.19。Whatdoestheterm”Renaissanceman"mean?A。Someonedoingmanythingswell。B.SomeonelivinginItalyinthepast.C。Someonebeingveryfamousthroughouthistory.20.WhatisDaVincibestknownfor?A。Hispaintings。B.Hisinventions.C.Hissongs.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié),滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D）中,選出最佳選項(xiàng).并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。ACOMMONTYPESOFDRUGSCocaineAwhitepowderydrugobtainedfromtheleavesofcocaplant。Ingeneral，abusersmayexperiencesleeplessness,lossofappetite,aggressivebehavior，depression,illusion(幻覺）aswellashighbloodpressureandracingheartbeat.Repeatedintakeswillseverelydamagetheimmunesystemandresultindeath.MorphineAsanextract(提取物）ofopium，Morphineiswidelyusedasapainkillerbydoctors。However，itishighlyaddictiveandabusersmayexperienceparanoia，illusionandmentaldisorders。Excessivedosesmaycausedeathofbreathfailure。HeroinAhighlyaddictivedrugmadefrommorphine。Itrapidlycausesaddiction,damagestheimmunesystem,andcausesitchyskin,reducedappetite,irregularheartbeatandbloodpressure。Repeatedinjectionatthesamesitecausesveinstocollapse。DeathcanoccurfromoverdosesanddiseasessuchasAIDScanbeacquiredfromsharingneedles.MarijuanaComingfromthecannabissativaplant,Marijuanagoesbyavarietyofnicknamessuchas:dope，grass,pot,weedandMaryJane。Abuserswillexperiencehunger,increasedtalkativeness,mildillusionandslowreactionsafterconsumption。Long-termabuserscommonlysufferfromhormonaldisorderandsmoking—relateddiseases.CoughmedicineCommerciallyproducedcoughmedicinescontainvaryingamountsofCodeine.SmalldosesofcodeineeffectivelyrelievecoughsymptomsbutabuseofCodeinecanleadtoaddiction.CoughMedicineabusersmaysufferfromsleepiness,drymouth,difficultytourinate（排尿)，light-headedness，lossofappetiteanditchinessoftheskin.Depressionandconfusionarealsocommonsideeffects.Drugsdestroylivesandfamiliesandcostsocietydearly。Cherishyourlifeandstayawayfromdrugs!1。Howmanydrugsmentionedabovecankillpeople?A。2. B.3. C。4. D。5.2.WhatdoesMorphineandCoughmedicinehaveincommon?A.Theyarebothdeadly.B.Theymaycausegreatdepression。C。Theycanbeusedtotreatdiseases。D。Theywilldamageourimmunesystem.3。Whatdoestheauthorintendtodowiththispassage?A。Tointroducetousdifferentkindsofdrugs。B。Tocallonustokeepawayfromdrugs。C.Towarnusofthegreatharmofdrugs.D。Totellussomestoriesaboutdrugs?！敬鸢浮?。B2.C3.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了常見的毒品及其危害.【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。在Cocaine段落中提到“damagetheimmunesystemandresultindeath損害免疫系統(tǒng)并導(dǎo)致死亡";在Morphine段落中提到“maycausedeathofbreathfailure可能導(dǎo)致呼吸衰竭死亡”；在Heroin段落在提到“Deathcanoccurfromoverdosesanddiseases死亡可能是由于過量使用而引起”,由此可知,這三種毒品均會導(dǎo)致死亡.故選B項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。在Morphine段落中提到“Morphineiswidelyusedasapainkillerbydoctors嗎啡被醫(yī)生廣泛用作止痛藥"；在Coughmedicine段落中提到“Smalldosesofcodeineeffectivelyrelievecoughsymptoms小劑量可待因能有效緩解咳嗽癥狀"，由此可知,這兩種毒品均對某些疾病有效果.選項(xiàng)C“Theycanbeusedtotreatdiseases。它們可以用來治療疾病.”符合題意。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。文章主要介紹了幾種毒品,在文章的最后作者提到“Cherishyourlifeandstayawayfromdrugs!珍惜生命，遠(yuǎn)離毒品!”就可以推斷出作者的寫作目的。選項(xiàng)B"Tocallonustokeepawayfromdrugs。呼吁我們遠(yuǎn)離毒品。符合題意故選B項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】

BWhatmakesoneagreatperson？ThelegendaryvolleyballcoachLangPinggavetheanswerintherecentdocumentaryTheIronHammer，titledafterhernicknameforherpowerfulstrikes.ThedocumentaryfeaturesLang'sinspiringjourneyfromhergoldmedalvictoryasavolleyballplayerinthe1984Olympicstoherunparalleled（無可比擬的）careerasasuccessfulcoachforbothTeamUSAfrom2005to2008andChinasince2013。SheledtheUStoasilvermedalfinishandChinatoagoldmedaltriumphinthe2008and2016OlympicGames，makingherthefirstpersontowinOlympicvolleyballgoldasaplayerandcoach。LangPingrevealedthesecrettosuchremarkableachievementsinthedocumentary.“Ibelievevolleyballwasmydestiny，"shesaid。Butgloryandchallengesgohandinhand.Troubledbysevereinjuriestohercervicalvertebra（頸椎），back,waistandknees，causedbyintenseexerciseandhardwork，the60-year—oldhasundergonemorethan10surgeries?！癗opartsofmybodyfunctionwell,”shejoked。ButillnessiscertainlynottheonlydifficultyLanghasfacedthroughouthercareer。In2005，shestruggledwithbalancingraisingherdaughterLydiaBaiLang,wholivedintheUS，andhercoachingcareer，accordingtoChinaSportsDaily.SheeventuallydecidedtoworkforUSAVolleyballthatyearandthisdecisionarousedalotofnegativecommentsbackinChina?！癐’mproudofbeingChinese.”Langrespondedinaninterview.Later，shereturnedtoheadtheChinesewomen’svolleyballteamin2013，leadingtheteamsuccessfullydefendingitsWorldCupcrownwithaperfectrecordof11straightwinslastyear.ThereisnodoubtthatLangisoneofthegreatestplayersandcoachesinhistory.Asanathletecommentedinthedocumentary,“LangPingislikeMichaelJordaninourminds."4.Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout？A。Waystobecomeagreatperson.B.ReasonsforLangPing'ssuccess.C.LangPingandhersuccessfulcareer。D。Greatathletesandtheirachievements。5。WhydidLangPinggotoworkforUSAVolleyballin2005？A.Tomakeabigfortune。B.Totakecareofherfamily.C.Toavoidnegativecomments。D。Toestablishherreputationabroad.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph4probablymean？A.Successcomesataprice.B.Challengesareasimportantasglory.C。Athletesarelikelytogettheirhandsinjured.D.LangPinghastroubleinachievinghergoals.7。WhyisMichaelJordanmentionedattheendofthepassage?A。Tohonorthelegendarypopstar.B.Todrawtheattentionofreaderstoanotherfield.C.Toillustratetherearelotsofgreatpeopleintheworld。D.ToacknowledgeLangPing’sstatusandachievements.【答案】4。C5.B6。A7。D【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要講了郎平和她成功的事業(yè)。郎平付出了許多努力，才獲得了今天矚目的成就，大家對她評價很高，認(rèn)為她是人們心目中的邁克爾·喬丹?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Whatmakesoneagreatperson?ThelegendaryvolleyballcoachLangPinggavetheanswerintherecentdocumentaryTheIronHammer,titledafterhernicknameforherpowerfulstrikes.”（是什么讓一個人成為偉大的人？傳奇女排教練郎平在最近的紀(jì)錄片《鐵榔頭》中給出了答案?！惰F榔頭》以郎平的綽號命名，郎平因?yàn)樗膹?qiáng)力擊球而得此綽號）結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容，可知這篇文章主要講了郎平和她成功的事業(yè).故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“In2005，shestruggledwithbalancingraisingherdaughterLydiaBaiLang，wholivedintheUS，andhercoachingcareer,accordingtoChinaSportsDaily.SheeventuallydecidedtoworkforUSAVolleyballthatyearandthisdecisionarousedalotofnegativecommentsbackinChina.”（據(jù)《中國體育報》報道，2005年,她在撫養(yǎng)住在美國的女兒LydiaBaiLang和自己的教練生涯之間掙扎。那年，她最終決定為美國排球隊(duì)工作，這一決定在國內(nèi)引起了很多負(fù)面評論）可知2005年郎平去美國排球隊(duì)工作是為了照顧她的家庭。故選B.【6題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后的部分“Troubledbysevereinjuriestohercervicalvertebra（頸椎），back,waistandknees，causedbyintenseexerciseandhardwork，the60—year—oldhasundergonemorethan10surgeries。“Nopartsofmybodyfunctionwell,”shejoked.”（由于劇烈運(yùn)動和艱苦工作，她的頸椎、背部、腰部和膝蓋嚴(yán)重受傷，60歲的她已經(jīng)經(jīng)歷了10多次手術(shù)?！拔疑眢w的任何部位都不能正常工作，”她開玩笑說）可知郎平在取得矚目成就的同時，也因繁重的工作得了許多疾病。由此推知,第四段中劃線句子的意思是“成功是有代價的”。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“ThereisnodoubtthatLangisoneofthegreatestplayersandcoachesinhistory。Asanathletecommentedinthedocumentary,“LangPingislikeMichaelJordaninourminds.”(毫無疑問，郎平是歷史上最偉大的球員和教練之一.一位運(yùn)動員在紀(jì)錄片中評論道:“郎平就像我們心目中的邁克爾·喬丹?！保┛赏浦谖恼碌淖詈筇岬搅诉~克爾·喬丹是肯定郎平的地位和成就.故選D.CTheunforgettablecharactersareoftentheonesthatwecanidentifywith。ChibiMaruko—chan(櫻桃小丸子），themaincharacterfromtheJapaneseanimeseriesofthesamename，isoneofthem。Maruko—chanisaprimaryschoolgirlwhooftenmakesmistakesandputsherselfindifficultsituations。Yet，forthosewhowereborninthe1980sand1990s，ChibiMaruko—chanhelpedthemtofeelbetteraboutthemselvesasakid。Butastheseyoungpeoplegrewup,Maruko—chan，didnot.Lastmonth，however，MomokoSakura,thecreatorofthepopularcartoonseries，passedawayattheageof53?！癐feelsosadaboutherdeath，whichcametooearly,”wroteSoichiAida,editor-in—chiefofRibbonmagazine,whichfirstpublishedChibiMaruko—chanin1986?！癇utthebrightsmilesofMaruko-chanandherfriendswillkeepshininginthemindsofreaders?！盪nlikemanypopularcharacters，Maruko-chanisn'tpretty，nordoesshehaveanykindofspecialability。Infact,she’slazyandhatestodochores.Butthisiswhatmakeshersopopularamongsomanypeople,youngandold.”Marukoisnotperfectandownsallthequalitiesofa9-year-oldgirl—she'snaughty，funny,andoccasionallydepressed。Sheisafraidofexamsandleavesherhomeworkuntilthelastdayoftheholiday,”reportedChinesewebsiteH。Later，asMaruko-changraduallylearnsthewaysoftheworld,shecomesacrossalotofproblems,butherintelligencehelpsherout。Thecarefreegirlisknownforherfunnyyetwisesayings，suchas，”Leavehappinesstothelastinabittersweetlife，"and＂Self-relianceisthesecrettoconsistenthappiness."Maruko-chan’sfacialexpressionsarealsowhatstayinviewers’minds.Whenevershefeelsawkward,linessuddenlyappearonherface，orsometimesanunexpectedgustofwindwillblowaboveherhead.Theseexpressionsshowherrealfeelingswhenshe’sinanuncomfortableenvironment,whichmostyoungpeoplecanrelateto.ThoughMaruko—chanhasalwaysbeenagrade—threestudent,herideaofbeingtruetoherselfteachesusalot.Hercreatormaybegone,butMaruko—chan’sspiritandattitudewillliveonformanymoreyears.8.WhatisChibiMaruko-chanknownfor？A.Hergoodlooksandlaziness.B.Herintelligenceandoccasionaldepression。C.Herspecialabilitiesandconsistenthappiness。D。Herfacialexpressionsandinterestingsayings.9.WhatcanwelearnaboutSoichiAidaaccordingtothepassage？A.SheisabigfanofJapanesecartoons。B。ShespeakshighlyofMomokoSakura.·C.SheisthecreatoroftheRibbonmagazine.D.ShethinksChibiMaruko-chanisoutofdate.10.WhyisMaruko-chansopopularamongsomanypeople?A。Becausesheisperfectineveryway.B.Becauseshecontributestoouremojis。C。Becauseshemirrorswhatlittlegirlsreallyare。D.Becauseshehassomespecialabilitiestomakepeoplelaugh.11。Whatcanweinferfromthispassage?A.ChibiMaruko—chanteachesusalotaboutlife。B.ChibiMaruko-chandiesattheendofthecartoonseries。C。ChibiMaruko-chanisthemostfamousanimeseriesinJapan。D。ChibiMaruko—chanisfarbetterknowninChinathaninJapan?！敬鸢浮?。D9。B10.C11。A【解析】【分析】本文是說明文。介紹了櫻桃小丸子的作者櫻桃子去世，但是櫻桃小丸子這個令人難忘的角色溫暖了八十和九十年代的人.【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段的“Thecarefreegirlisknownforherfunnyyetwisesayings這位無憂無慮的女孩以她有趣而明智的金句而聞名”和第七段的“Maruko-chan'sfacialexpressionsarealsowhatstayinviewers'minds。櫻桃小丸子的面部表情也是留在觀眾腦海中的東西”可知，櫻桃小丸子因她的面部表情和有趣的金句出名。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題.根據(jù)第四段的SoichiAida寫的“Ifeelsosadaboutherdeath，whichcametooearly我對她的死感到很難過，這來得太早了”和“ButthebrightsmilesofMaruko—chanandherfriendswillkeepshininginthemindsofreaders.但Maruko-chan和她朋友們的燦爛微笑將繼續(xù)在讀者的腦海中閃耀?！笨赏茢啵琒oichiAida高度贊揚(yáng)Maruko—chan。故選B.【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段的“Unlikemanypopularcharacters,Maruko-chanisn'tpretty,nordoesshehaveanykindofspecialability.Infact,she’slazyandhatestodochores.Butthisiswhatmakeshersopopularamongsomanypeople,youngandold.和許多人氣角色不同的是,小丸子并不漂亮,也沒有什么特殊能力。事實(shí)上，她很愛偷懶，也不喜歡做家務(wù)。但這也正是老老少少這么多人都喜歡她的原因。"可推斷,小丸子如此受人們歡迎的原因是她反映了一個真實(shí)的小女孩是什么樣子。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“ThoughMaruko—chanhasalwaysbeenagrade-threestudent,herideaofbeingtruetoherselfteachesusalot.Hercreatormaybegone,butMaruko-chan’sspiritandattitudewillliveonformanymoreyears.盡管小丸子一直都只是個上三年級的小學(xué)生,但她做自己的想法卻教會了我們不少東西。她的作者雖然離世，但小丸子的精神和心態(tài)將會長存.”可推斷櫻桃小丸子教會了我們關(guān)于生活的許多東西，例如做自己.故選A.【點(diǎn)睛】推理判斷題失分的一個主要原因是同學(xué)們看著題目不知道去文章的什么地方找出題點(diǎn)，定位點(diǎn)找不對即浪費(fèi)了解題時間，也得不出正確答案。其實(shí)此種題型就是在考查對段落中心的理解,所以大家需要熟知段落中心的考點(diǎn)標(biāo)記,從而快速將文章中的出題點(diǎn)信息和選項(xiàng)間進(jìn)行比對、匹配。吻合段落中心意思的為解。DHumansarenostrangerstowidespreadviruses，andeachtimeavaccine(疫苗）isdeveloped,itgivesushopeforthefuture。Now，theworldiswaitingforavaccinetofightCOVID-19.Scientistsworldwidehavebeenrollinguptheirsleevestoworktowardaneffectivenovelcoronavirusvaccine。Underthecoordination（協(xié)調(diào)）oftheWorldHealthOrganization（WHO)，upto172countrieshavebeenengagingwiththe"largestandmostdiverseCOVID-19vaccineportfolio”，aplanknownastheCOVAXGlobalVaccinesFacility.COVAXisasystemforjointpurchasingandbalancingtherisksofmultiplevaccines.Whenavaccineprovestobesafeandeffective，allcountrieswithinthefacilitywillbeabletoaccessit，accordingtoXinhua。Theplanisaimedtoensurethatallcountries,nomattertheireconomicstatus，cangetthevaccineinatimelymannerwhenoneisavailable.Italsomakessurethatpriceswillbekeptaslowaspossible。＂Anumberofvaccinesarenowinthefinalstageofclinicaltrials,"saidWHODirector—GeneralTedrosAdhanomGhebreyesusonAug24，addingthatthegoalofCOVAXistodeliveratleast2billiondosesofavaccinebytheendof2021.AccordingtotheWHO，atpresent,ninepotentialvaccinesarepartoftheportfolio.ToguaranteetheequalaccessandfairassignmentofCOVID—19vaccinestheWHOhassaidthattheworldneedstopreventvaccinenationalism—countriesputtingtheirowninterestsaheadofothersintryingtosecuresuppliesofapossiblevaccine.＂Vaccinenationalismonlyhelpsthevirus,"Tedrossaid，warningthatitwouldleadtoaprolongedpandemic(疫情）ifonlyasmallnumberofcountriesgotmostofthesupply.＂Likeanorchestra,weneedallinstrumentstobeplayedinharmonytocreatemusicthateveryoneenjoys，”hesaid.Vaccinedevelopmentlookspromising，asseveralcountrieshavemadegreatprogress。RussiabeganproductionofitsfirstbatchofaCOVID-19vaccineonAug15,accordingtoitshealthministry.It'stheworld’sfirstregisteredvaccine。FourChinesevaccinecandidateshavestartedinternationalstage-3clinicaltrials。12.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.RussiaisthefirstcountrytohavemadeprogressinfightingCOVID—19.B.COVAXensuresallthecountriesgetthevaccineatthesametime。C。WHOplaysanimportantroleinfightingCOVID-19。D.Scientisthaveproduced2billiondosesofvaccines.13.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsvaccinenationalism？A。Supportive。B.Critical。C.Optimistic。D。Sympathetic14。TedroscomparedfightingCOVID—19toanorchestrato________。A。showhisdeeploveformusicB。makethepassagemoreinterestingC。illustratethesimilaritiesinbetweenD.stresstheimportanceofcooperation15。Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext？A。UnitedforvaccineB。VaccineonthewayC。FightingagainstCOVID—19D.SaygoodbyetoCOVID-19【答案】12。C13.B14.D15.A【解析】這是一篇說明文.文章講述全球須共同應(yīng)對新冠疫情，防止“疫苗民族主義”?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Vaccinedevelopmentlookspromising，asseveralcountrieshavemadegreatprogress.RussiabeganproductionofitsfirstbatchofaCOVID-19vaccineonAug15，accordingtoitshealthministry。（隨著一些國家取得了巨大的進(jìn)展，疫苗開發(fā)看起來很有希望。俄羅斯衛(wèi)生部稱，俄羅斯于8月15日開始生產(chǎn)第一批COVID—19疫苗。）”可知,文章中只是說俄羅斯開始生產(chǎn)新冠疫苗，并沒有說俄羅斯是第一個在對抗新冠疫情上取得進(jìn)步的國家，所以選項(xiàng)A錯誤；根據(jù)第5段“Theplanisaimedtoensurethatallcountries，nomattertheireconomicstatus，cangetthevaccineinatimelymannerwhenoneisavailable.Italsomakessurethatpriceswillbekeptaslowaspossible。（該計劃旨在確保所有國家,無論其經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況如何，都能在有疫苗的情況下及時獲得疫苗。這也確保了價格將盡可能保持在最低水平。）”可知，選項(xiàng)B.COVAX確保所有國家同時接種疫苗,描述錯誤；根據(jù)第三段“Underthecoordination（協(xié)調(diào)）oftheWorldHealthOrganization（WHO）,upto172countrieshavebeenengagingwiththe”largestandmostdiverseCOVID—19vaccineportfolio”，aplanknownastheCOVAXGlobalVaccinesFacility?！笨芍?在世界衛(wèi)生組織的協(xié)調(diào)下，多達(dá)172個國家參與了“最大和最多樣化的COVID—19疫苗組合",這是一個被稱為COVAX全球疫苗基金的計劃。由此可知，選項(xiàng)C,世界衛(wèi)生組織在對抗COVID-19中扮演著重要角色，正確;根據(jù)第6段“thegoalofCOVAXistodeliveratleast2billiondosesofavaccinebytheendof2021。（COVAX的目標(biāo)是在2021年底前提供至少20億劑疫苗.）可知,選項(xiàng)D的描述錯誤。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段“ToguaranteetheequalaccessandfairassignmentofCOVID—19vaccines，theWHOhassaidthattheworldneedstopreventvaccinenationalism—countriesputtingtheirowninterestsaheadofothersintryingtosecuresuppliesofapossiblevaccine。(為了確保COVID-19疫苗的平等獲得和公平分配，世界衛(wèi)生組織表示，世界需要防止疫苗民族主義——各國在試圖確?？赡艿囊呙绻?yīng)時，將自身利益置于他人之上。）和倒數(shù)第三段“＂Vaccinenationalismonlyhelpsthevirus,”Tedrossaid，warningthatitwouldleadtoaprolongedpandemic(疫情)ifonlyasmallnumberofcountriesgotmostofthesupply.（“疫苗民族主義只會幫助病毒，"Tedros說，并警告說，如果只有少數(shù)國家獲得大部分疫苗供應(yīng)，就會導(dǎo)致長期的大流行.）可知,結(jié)合作者文章的描述可知，作者對疫苗民族主義持批判的態(tài)度.故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Likeanorchestra，weneedallinstrumentstobeplayedinharmonytocreatemusicthateveryoneenjoys（就像管弦樂隊(duì)一樣,我們需要所有的樂器和諧地演奏，才能創(chuàng)造出每個人都喜歡的音樂）”可知,Tedros將抗擊新冠肺炎比作樂隊(duì)，目的是強(qiáng)調(diào)合作的重要性。故選D?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題.閱讀文章內(nèi)容，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段“ToguaranteetheequalaccessandfairassignmentofCOVID—19vaccines，theWHOhassaidthattheworldneedstopreventvaccinenationalism-countriesputtingtheirowninterestsaheadofothersintryingtosecuresuppliesofapossiblevaccine.（為了確保COVID-19疫苗的平等獲得和公平分配，世界衛(wèi)生組織表示，世界需要防止疫苗民族主義——各國在試圖確?？赡艿囊呙绻?yīng)時,將自身利益置于他人之上。）和倒數(shù)第二段“＂Likeanorchestra，weneedallinstrumentstobeplayedinharmonytocreatemusicthateveryoneenjoys，”hesaid.（就像管弦樂隊(duì)一樣,我們需要所有的樂器和諧地演奏,才能創(chuàng)造出每個人都喜歡的音樂)”可知，本文講述在應(yīng)對新冠疫情時，全球人們需要團(tuán)結(jié)一致，通力合作，才能戰(zhàn)勝疫情。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng).選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Atsomepointwhenyouwereachild,atrustedadultlikelytoldyouthatifyouheldaseashelluptoyourear,you’dheartheocean.___16___Seashellsarenotspecialcapsulesthathavestoredthesoundsoftheirnativehomes.Butwhatexactlyisthatrushingsoundyou'rehearing?___17___“Thesoundofanemptyshellhelduptotheeariscreatedbyechoes（回聲）fromsoundsmadeintheenvironment?！盙eeratJ.Vermeil,adistinguishedprofessorofEarthandPlanetarySciencesattheUniversityofCalifornia，toldus。___18___Otherstructureswithopenings，likeemptybowlsorbottles,canproducesimilarsounds?！癢henthenoisearoundushitstheinternalsurfaceofthishardseashell，multiplereflectionoccurs，”saidVermeil.“Whetheryouholdaseashellorthemouthofanemptybowlaroundyourear,youexperiencetheocean-likesoundqualityasaresultofaphenomenoncalled“resonance."___19___Itsaysthatyou’rehearingthesoundofyourownrushingbloodinyourbody.Butscientistsalsoclarifythatitdoesn’tchangewithvariationofpulseorbloodpressure.“Allthisisperhapsabitunimportant，butamoreinterestingquestioniswhatcontrolsthefrequenciesofechoes”Vermeiladded，indicatingthatthere’saneedforfurtherresearchintoshape,volumeandshellthicknessinrelationtopitch.___20___Actually，ifyouputashelltoyourearonthebeach，thesoundsyouhearwillincludepartlysomeoceannoises。A.Thesamegoesforshells.B。Theanswerislessmystical。C。Thiseffectisnotlimitedtoshells.D。Nowyouprobablyknowthatthisisnottrue。E.Scientistsareworkinghardtofindtheanswer.F。Maybetheoriginalmythisnotcompletelyfalse.G.There’sanotherexplanationfortherushingsoundinaseashell。【答案】16.D17。B18.C19。G20。F【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章通過貝殼回聲介紹了一種回聲共振現(xiàn)象?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Seashellsarenotspecialcapsulesthathavestoredthesoundsoftheirnativehomes.”（貝殼并不是用來儲存家鄉(xiāng)聲音的特殊容器。）可知，上文所說的“。..ifyouheldaseashelluptoyourear,you’dheartheocean."（如果你把貝殼放在耳邊，你就能聽到海洋的聲音）很可能不是真實(shí)的.選項(xiàng)D起承上啟下的作用。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Butwhatexactlyisthatrushingsoundyou’rehearing?”（但是你到底聽到了什么急促的聲音？）的提問，以及后文的回答可知，這里選項(xiàng)B是對答案特點(diǎn)的描述。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Otherstructureswithopenings，likeemptybowlsorbottles，canproducesimilarsounds?！保ㄆ渌虚_口的結(jié)構(gòu)，如空碗或空瓶，也能發(fā)出類似的聲音。）以及上文對“貝殼回音”的介紹可知,其他有開口的結(jié)構(gòu)和貝殼一樣也能發(fā)出類似的聲音?？崭裉幱谩癟hiseffectisnotlimitedtoshells?！保ㄟ@種效應(yīng)不僅限于貝殼），合乎邏輯，語義通順。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文Vermeil教授所解釋的這是aphenomenoncalled“resonance.”（一種叫做共振的現(xiàn)象）和下文“Itsaysthatyou'rehearingthesoundofyourownrushingbloodinyourbody.”（它說你聽到的是你自己身體里奔騰的血液的聲音.)可知,兩種解釋并不一致，故本段開頭應(yīng)該是“對于貝殼中的急促聲音還有另外一種解釋”.故選G項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文Vermeil教授對“貝殼回聲”另一種解釋，和下文“Actually,ifyouputashelltoyourearonthebeach,thesoundsyouhearwillincludepartlysomeoceannoises?！保ㄊ聦?shí)上,如果你在海灘上把貝殼放在耳邊,你聽到的聲音中會有一部分是海洋的聲音。）可知,文章最后又回到了開頭所說的“最初的神話傳說”。故選F項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】七選五題型要求考生從整體上把握文章的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容上的聯(lián)系，理解句子之間、段落之間的關(guān)系，對諸如連貫性、一致性等語段特征有較強(qiáng)的意識和熟練的把握.所以懂得整篇文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)或段落的語篇結(jié)構(gòu)對解題很有用.如本文第1題中，把握文章的上下文邏輯聯(lián)系，通過上文對“神話傳說”的介紹，以及下文對傳說科學(xué)的否定，可知選項(xiàng)D“Nowyouprobablyknowthatthisisnottrue.”（現(xiàn)在你很可能已知道這不是真的）是正確答案。第三部分英語知識運(yùn)用第一節(jié)完型填空（共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Intheprocessofcelebratingmy60thbirthdaywitha60daykindnesschallenge，Igotthegreatestbirthdaysurprisefrommydaughters。WhentheyaskedmewhatI___21___formybirthday，Isaid，”pleasedoa___22___actforsomeoneinmy___23___”Theytookitway___24___Theygotin___25___withallmyfriendsandfamilymembersandaskedthemtodothe___26___thingIhadaskedofthem，asmybirthday___27___.Thentheyaskedthemto___28___themaftertheyhaddonetheir___29___andtellthemwhattheyhaddone。Theyalsoaskedtheirfriendstodothesame.Onmybirthday，Iwaspresentedwitha____30____scrapbook(剪貼簿）filledwithpicturesandallthekindnessactswrittenoutintheirownwords,____31____mewhattheyhaddoneandhowitmadethemfeel。The"acts”rangedfrom____32____frequentflyermiles（飛行積分）sosomeonecouldvisittheirmom，shorteningshowers'duration(長度)tohelpwiththewater____33____，bringinganelderlyneighborcoffeeinthemorning,stoppingtobuya____34____personlunch，____35____ataRedCrossblooddrive,tomany，manyotherbeautifulgestures.Icannottellyouhow____36____Iwasbythisgift,andevenmoretouchedthattheiryoungadultfriendswould____37____withsuchloveandenthusiasm。Icannot____38____abettergift.Isharethisstorywiththe____39____thatmanyabeautiful”someone”passesonthisidea.Thejoyofitis____40____!21.A。wanted B.planned C。recommended D。suspected22。A.brightness B。kindness C.happiness D.politeness23。A。reputation B。belief C.honor D。trust24.A。farther B。deeper C.bigger D。greater25.A。trouble B.agreement C。touch D.tune26.A.various B。precious C.meaningful D.same27。A.present B.promise C。contribution D。sacrifice28。A。talkto B.writeto C。stareat D.lookafter29。A。behaviour B。responsibility C。matter D.act30.A。simple B.complicated C。gorgeous D。various31.A.warning B。reminding C.telling D.explaining32。A.providing B。donating C.lending D.objecting33.A.shortage B。pollution C。impact D。disaster34.A.fearless B。homeless C.selfless D.careless35。A.practising B.instructing C.monitoring D.volunteering36.A。disturbed B。satisfied C.touched D。disappointed37.A.demonstrate B。illustrate C.propose D.participate38。A。lookinto B.thinkof C。makeout D.pickup39.A.hope B.decision C.fact D.opinion40.A.challenging B。fascinating C。appealing D.astonishing【答案】21。A22.B23.C24.A25。C26。D27.A28.B29。D30.C31。C32。B33。A34。B35.D36。C37。D38.B39。A40。D【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述作者要求女兒們做些善事來慶祝他60歲生日，而她們讓更多的人參與。作者對這樣的禮物很是感動，并希望將這個想法不斷地傳遞下去?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她們問我想要什么生日禮物時。A.wanted想要；B.planned計劃;C.recommended推薦；D。suspected懷疑。女兒們問作者想要什么生日禮物.故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為我慶祝請為我做一件善事。A.brightness明亮；B。kindness善良；C.happiness幸福;D.politeness禮貌。根據(jù)“Intheprocessofcelebratingmy60thbirthdaywitha60daykindnesschallenge，Igotthegreatestbirthdaysurprisefrommydaughters.”可知，作者要求女兒們?yōu)樗鲆患剖?故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為我慶祝請為我做一件善事。A.reputation名聲;B。belief信念；C.honor榮譽(yù)；D。trust相信。inone'shonor為紀(jì)念，為慶祝……。為了慶祝作者的生日,要求女兒們?yōu)樗鲆患剖?。故選C.【24題詳解】考查形容詞比較級詞義辨析。句意：她們走得更遠(yuǎn)。A。farther更遠(yuǎn)的；B。deeper更深的;C.bigger更大的;D。greater更偉大的。這里指女兒們將這件事情做得更為深遠(yuǎn).指故選A.【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她們聯(lián)系了我所有的朋友和家人，讓他們做我要求她們做的同樣的事情,作為我的生日禮物。A.trouble麻煩;B。agreement同意;C.touch接觸；D。tune和諧。getintouchwithsb.與某人聯(lián)系。這里指女兒們聯(lián)系了作者所有的朋友和家人來參與到這樣的事情中。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們聯(lián)系了我所有的朋友和家人，讓他們做我要求他們做的同樣的事情,作為我的生日禮物.A。various不同的；B。precious寶貴的；C.meaningful有意義的；D。same相同的。這里相同的事情即指每個人都去