英語語法講解與訓(xùn)練

英語語法講解與訓(xùn)練一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則一般情況下，直接加-s,如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds以s.x.sh.ch結(jié)尾，力加-es，女口：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches以“輔音字母+y"結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es,如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries以“f或fe"結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v,再加-es,如：knife-knives不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese寫出以下各詞的復(fù)數(shù)I__ him__ this__ her__ watch_ child_ diary day foot book dress tooth sheep box strawberry thief yo-yo peach sandwich man woman paper juice water milk rice tea 二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹【No.1】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：Theskyisblue.天空是藍(lán)色的。表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成be動(dòng)詞：主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一個(gè)男孩。行為動(dòng)詞：主語+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he,she,it)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加"-s〃或"-es"如：MarylikesChine瑪麗喜歡漢語。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化be動(dòng)詞的變化。否認(rèn)句：主語+be+not其+它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑問句：Be+主語+其它。女口：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+—般疑問句。如：Whereismybike?行為動(dòng)詞的變化。否認(rèn)句：主語+don't(doesn't)+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：Idon'tlikebread.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesn't構(gòu)成否認(rèn)句。如：Hedoesn'toftenplay.一般疑問句：Do(Does)+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如：Doyouoftenplayfootball?Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如：Doesshegotoworkbybike?Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+—般疑問句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?動(dòng)詞+s的變化規(guī)則一般情況下，直接加-s,如：cook-cooks,milk-milks以s.x.sh.ch.o結(jié)尾，力加-es,女口：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes以“輔音字母+y"結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es，女口：study-studies一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法專練:一、 寫出以下動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)drink go stay make look have pass carry come watch plant fly study brush do teach 二、 用括號內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Heoften (have)dinnerathome.DanielandTommy (be)inClassOne.We (notwatch)TVonMonday.Nick (notgo)tothezooonSunday. they (like)theWorldCup?What theyoften (do)onSaturdays? yourparents (read)newspaperseveryday?Thegirl (teach)usEnglishonSundays.SheandI (take)awalktogethereveryevening.There (be) somewaterinthe bottle.Mike (like) cooking.They (have) thesamehobby.Myaunt (look)afterherbabycarefully.Youalways (do)yourhomeworkwell.I (be)ill.I'mstayinginbed.She (go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.LiuTao (do)notlikePE.Thechildoften (watch)TVintheevening.SuHaiandSuYang (have)eightlessonsthisterm.－Whatday (be)ittoday?—It'sSaturday.三、按照要求改寫句子DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改為否認(rèn)句)Idomyhomeworkeveryday.（改為一般疑問句，作否認(rèn)答復(fù)）Shelikesmilk.（改為一般疑問句，作肯定答復(fù)）Amylikesplayingcomputergames.(改為一般疑問句，作否認(rèn)答復(fù))Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改為否認(rèn)句)HespeaksEnglishverywell.(改為否認(rèn)句)Iliketakingphotosinthepark.(對劃線部分提問)JohncomesfromCanada.(對劃線部分提問)Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.（改為一般疑問句，作否認(rèn)答復(fù)）SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.（改為否認(rèn)句）五、改錯(cuò)（劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上）IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish? Doeshelikesgoingfishing? Helikesplaygamesafterclass. Mr.WuteachsusEnglish. Shedon'tdoherhomeworkonSundays. 三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動(dòng)詞ing.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否認(rèn)句在be后加not?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞不達(dá)意+be+主語+動(dòng)詞ing?但疑問詞當(dāng)主語時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問詞不達(dá)意+be+動(dòng)詞ing?動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2?以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting3．如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再力口ing，如：run-running,stop-stopping現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：一、 寫出以下動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play run swim make go like write _ski read have sing dance put see buy love live take come get stop sit begin shop 二、 用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：Theboy (draw)apicturenow.Listen.Somegirls (sing)intheclassroom.Mymother (cook)somenicefoodnow.What you (do)now?Look.They (have)anEnglishlesson.They (not,water)theflowersnow.Look!thegirls (dance)intheclassroom.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She (listen)tomusic.It's5o'clocknow.We (have)suppernow Helen (wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.三、 句型轉(zhuǎn)換：Theyaredoinghousework.(分別改成一般疑問句和否認(rèn)句)(改一般疑問句并作(改一般疑問句并作肯定和否認(rèn)答復(fù))I'mplayingthefootballintheplayground.(對劃線部分進(jìn)行提問)Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.(對劃線部分進(jìn)行提問)四、將來時(shí)理論及練習(xí)一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…)，soon,thedayaftertomorrow〔后天〕等。二、 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①begoingto+do；②will+do.三、 否認(rèn)句：在be動(dòng)詞〔am,is,are〕l后加not或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will后力口not成won't。例如：I'mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.fI'mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.四、 一般疑問句：be或will提到句首，some改為any,and改為or,第一二人稱互換。例如：Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.fAreyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?五、 對劃線部分提問。一般情況,一般將來時(shí)的對劃線部分有三種情況。問人。Who例如：I'mgoingtoNewYorksoon.—Who'sgoingtoNewYorksoon.問干什么。What…do.例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethisafternoon.fWhatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon.問什么時(shí)候。When?例如：She'sgoingtogotobedatnine.—Whenisshegoingtobed?六、 同義句：begoingto二willIamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow〔明天〕.二Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.練習(xí)：填空。我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I haveapicnicwithmyfriends.I haveapicnicwithmyfriends.下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打籃球。What nextMonday?I playbasketball.What youdonextMonday?I playbasketball.你媽媽這個(gè)周末去購物嗎？是,她要去買一些水果。 yourmother goshoppingthis ?Yes,she .She buysomefruit.你們打算什么時(shí)候見面。Whattime you meet?改句子。Nancyisgoingtogocamping.〔改否認(rèn)〕Nancy goingtogocamping.I'llgoandjointhem.〔改否認(rèn)〕I go jointhem.I'mgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.〔改一般疑問句〕 togetupat6:30tomorrow?Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.〔改一般疑問句〕 meetatthebusstopat10:30.Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.〔對劃線部分提問〕 she afterschool?Myfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.(同上) goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Todayisasunnyday.We (have)apicnicthisafternoon.Mybrother (go)toShanghainextweek.Tomoften (go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrain.He (go)toschoolbybike.Whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends?Iusually (watch)TVand (catch)insects?It'sFridaytoday.What she (do)thisweekend?She (watch)TVand (catch)insects.What (d0)youdolastSunday?I (pick)applesonafarm.What (do)nextSunday?I (milk)cows.Mary (visit)hergrandparentstomorrow.LiuTao (fly)kitesintheplaygroundyesterday.David (give)apuppetshownextMonday.I (plan)formystudynow五、一般過去時(shí)1．一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。一般過去時(shí)也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作感謝。Be動(dòng)詞在一般過去時(shí)中的變化：(l)am和is在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣as°〔wasnot二wasn't〕⑵are在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere°〔werenot二weren't〕⑶帶有was或were的句子，其否認(rèn)、疑問的變化和is,am,are一樣，即否認(rèn)句在was或were后加not，—般疑問句把was或were調(diào)到句首。3?句中沒有be動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)的句子否認(rèn)句：didn't+動(dòng)詞原形，如：Jimdidn'tgohomeyesterday.一般疑問句：在句首加did，句子中的動(dòng)詞過去式變回原形。女口：DidJimgohomeyesterday?特殊疑問句：⑴疑問詞+did+主語+動(dòng)詞原形？如：WhatdidJimdoyesterday?⑵疑問詞當(dāng)主語時(shí)：疑問詞+動(dòng)詞過去式？女口：Whowenttohomeyesterday?動(dòng)詞過去式變化規(guī)則：一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled,cook-cooked結(jié)尾是e加d,如：taste-tasted3．末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped以“輔音字母+y"結(jié)尾的，變y為i,再加-ed,如:study-studied5．不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke,sweep-swept,swim-swam,sit-sat過去時(shí)練習(xí)寫出以下動(dòng)詞的過去式isam fly _plant __are___drink play ___go _make___does dance worry___ asktaste eat draw___ putthrow kick pass ___do___Be動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)Name 〔1〕___No._ Date__一、 用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空I atschooljustnow.He atthecamplastweek.We studentstwoyearsago.They onthefarmamomentago.YangLing elevenyearsoldlastyear.There anappleontheplateyesterday.There somemilkinthefridgeonSunday.Themobilephone onthesofayesterdayevening.二、 句型轉(zhuǎn)換Itwasexciting.否認(rèn)句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否認(rèn)答復(fù)： Allthestudentswereveryexcited.否認(rèn)句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否認(rèn)答復(fù)： Theywereinhispocket.否認(rèn)句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否認(rèn)答復(fù)： Be動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)〔2〕Name No. Date 、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空I anEnglishteachernow.She happyyesterday.They gladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.HelenandNancy goodfriends.Thelittledog twoyearsoldthisyear.Look,there lotsofgrapeshere.There asignonthechaironMonday..Today thesecondofJune.Yesterday thefirstofJune.It Children'sDay.Allthestudents veryexcited.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.Therewasacarinfrontofthehousejustnow.否認(rèn)句： 一般疑問句： 肯、否認(rèn)答復(fù)： 肯、否認(rèn)答復(fù)： 三、 中譯英1．我的故事書剛剛還在手表旁邊。2．他們的外套上個(gè)禮拜放在臥室里了。3．一會(huì)以前花園里有兩只小鳥。行為動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)練習(xí)〔1〕Name No. Date 一、用行為動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.He (live)inWuxitwoyearsago.2.Thecat (eat)abirdlastnight.We (have)aparty