2023學(xué)年完整公開課版Unit3UndertheseaGrammar2

Unit3UndertheseaGrammarHavingbeenattackedbyterrorists,theWorldTradeCentercollapsed.HaveALkUnexpectedly,beingunemployedgavemebackasenseofpurpose—Iwassomeone’smum!2.Whatwearesureaboutistheneedtopreventchildrenfrombeingspoiled.3.Thesilenceofthelibrarywasbrokenonlybythesoundofpagesbeingturnedover.4.BeingwatchedbyhisEnglishteacher,littleTomfeltnervous,notknowingwhattosay.5.Didyouseetheboybeingquestionedbythepolice?6.Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hefinallyunderstoodit.一、行為主體不明確，不必說出或者無法說出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。例如：Footballisplayedallovertheworld．二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。例如：Mybikewasstolen．我的自行車被盜了。何時(shí)使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)呢？三、漢語中含有“據(jù)說”、“據(jù)悉”、“有人說”、“大家說”等時(shí)。例如：Itissaidthatonedayheclimbedtothetopofahouse.ItwasreportedthathermotherdiedofSARS.眾所周知……Itiswellknownthat...據(jù)推測(cè)說……Itissupposedthat…四、漢語中含有“被”、“由”等詞時(shí)。例如：WeiHuawasaskedtocomebyLinTao．魏華是被林濤叫來的。五、某些句子習(xí)慣上用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。例如：HewasborninOctober,1989．六、表示禮貌時(shí)。例如：YouarefriendlyinvitedtocometoourEnglishpartyat8:00p.m.tomorrow．敬請(qǐng)您明天晚上8：00光臨我們的英語晚會(huì)。V-ing形式由“do＋ing”構(gòu)成，其否定形式是“notdoing”,V-ing可以帶賓語或狀語構(gòu)成V-ing短語，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，但有時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化。V-ing形式語態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)主動(dòng)形式被動(dòng)形式一般式完成式(not)doing(not)beingdone(not)havingdone(not)havingbeendone當(dāng)非限定性動(dòng)詞-ing的邏輯主語是-ing所表示的動(dòng)作對(duì)象時(shí)要用-ing的被動(dòng)形式，包括其一般形式“(not)being

+

-ed分詞和完成形式“(not)having

been

+-ed分詞”。什么情況用V-ing形式的被動(dòng)式呢？

當(dāng)動(dòng)詞-ing形式的邏輯主語是動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，就要用動(dòng)詞-ing形式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

動(dòng)詞-ing形式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)和它的主動(dòng)語態(tài)一樣，在句中可以作主語、賓語、定語、狀語。動(dòng)詞-ing形式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)1.

Beingkilledbysharksintheseaisacommonthing.2.Beinghelpedoutbythekillerwhales,thewhalerswereabletomakesuccessfulkill.用作主語Hewasafraidofbeingscoldedbytheteacher.2.Irememberhavingbeentoldthestory.

3.Ididn’tliketheideaofbeingthrownaboutinaboatonaroughsea.

用作賓語V-ing形式既可作動(dòng)詞的賓語,也可作介詞的賓語?！颰hebirdescaped______________(catch).★Hewasafraidof_______________(abandon)byus.beingabandonedbeingcaught在

avoid,admit,appreciate,complete,consider,delay,enjoy,escape,excuse,finish,forgive,imagine,mind,miss,practise,risk,suggest,giveup,putoff,feellike,insiston等后只接V-ing形式作賓語。注意Theproblembeingdiscussed

nowisveryimportant.2.Thehousebeingbuiltwillbeourlibraryuponitscompletion.用作定語1.Beingaskedtoanswerthequestion,shecouldn’trefuse.2.Havingbeengivensuchagoodchance,howwouldyounotvalueitatall?用作狀語—Ving一般時(shí)和一般時(shí)的被動(dòng)形式;(1)Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindfromtimetotime.(2)Thebuildingbeingrepairedisourdormitory.CompareI—Ving的完成時(shí)和完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)形式(1)Havingheardthis,ourteacherexpressedhersatisfaction.(2)Havingbeenaskedtostay,Icouldn’tleave.CompareII

在絕大數(shù)情況下，句子的邏輯主語是句中的主語，但有時(shí)可有一個(gè)名詞或代詞表示邏輯上的主語，這種帶邏輯主語的結(jié)構(gòu)稱為獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)。

Themeetingbeingover,wealllefttheroomanddrovehome.

會(huì)議結(jié)束后,我們都離開房間開車走了。

Itbeingaholiday,alltheshopswereshut.

由于今天是假日，所有商店都關(guān)門了。

Theheavyfrostcomingon,deadleaveslaythickontheground.

濃霜降臨,落葉滿地。一些動(dòng)詞如need,want,require等作“需要”講時(shí),其后的動(dòng)詞-ing形式的主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示被動(dòng)意義,也可以用不定式的被動(dòng)形式來替換。如：注意

Theblackboardneedscleaning.=Theblackboardneedstobecleaned.

黑板需要擦干凈。

Thebrokenwindowwantsrepairing.=Thebrokenwindowwantstoberepaired.

那個(gè)破窗戶需要修理。另外注意beworth及beworthy的用法：

Theproblemisworthdiscussing.

Theproblemisworthyofbeingdiscussed.

Theproblemisworthytobediscussed.

以上三個(gè)句子都意為“這個(gè)問題值得討論”。1.WhatmadeBillsoangry?______.Hisgirlfriendpromisedtocomeat8:30,butshehasn’tcomeyet.A.HavingkeptwaitingB.BeingkeptwaitingC.TobekeptwaitingD.Beingkeptwaited課堂練兵

2.Thebuilding____inourschoolisforusteachers.Thoughthere’snoisemostoftheday,westillfeelhappyaboutit.A.builtB.havingbeenbuiltC.tobebuiltD.beingbuilt

3.Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed______.A.catchingB.tobecaughtC.beingcaughtD.tocatch

4.Whileshopping,peoplesometimescan’thelp______intobuyingsomethingtheydon’treallyneed.A.topersuadedB.persuadingC.beingpersuadedD.bepersuaded5._______manytimes,theboystilldidn’tknowhowtodotheexercises.A.HavingtaughtB.HavingbeentaughtC.taughtD.Teaching

6._________thewholestory,Janedecidednottoseethefilm.A.Havingbeentold

B.HavingtoldC.Beentold

D.Telling

7.Hehasalwaysinsistedonhis______DrTurnerinsteadofMrTurner.A.beencalledB.calledC.havingcalledD.beingcalled8.Doyoumind_______aloneathome?A.JaneleavingB.JanehavingleftC.Jane’sbeingleftD.Janetobeleft9.________abroadforatourisagreathonorforanordinarypersonlikeme.A.TakenB.TakingC.HavingbeentakenD.Beingtaken10.Ihearthey’veinvitedLucy,butshedidn’tmention_________whenwetalkedonthephone.A.toinviteB.havingbeeninvitedC.havinginvitedD.tobeinvited11.Bencan’tattendtheparty_______atLily’shouseatpresentbecauseheispreparingfortomorrow’stest.A.holdB.toholdC.tobeheldD.beingheld12._______,theenemytroopswereforcedtogivein.A.BeingsurroundedB.TosurroundC.TobesurroundedD.Havingsurrounded13.Theappointment_____becauseofthesnowstorm,MissGreenhadtostayathome.A.cancelingB.beingcanceledC.havingbeencanceledD.tobecanceled14.Afterthemanbecameconscious,heremembered_______andhitonthe

headwithsomethinghard.A.toattackB.havingbeenattackedC.attackingD.tobeattacked

—Haveyouhandedinyourschoolworkyet?—Yes,Ihave.Iguessit______now.(2007遼寧卷)A.hasgradedB.isgradedC.isbeinggradedD.isgrading實(shí)戰(zhàn)高考2.Thecountryhasalreadysentupthreeunmannedspacecraft,themostrecent________attheendoflastMarch.(2007山東卷)A.hasbeenlaunchedB.havingbeenlaunchedC.beinglaunchedD.tobelaunched3.Ihearthey’vepromotedTom,buthedidn’tmention_____whenwetalkedonthephone.(2008江西卷)A.topromoteB.havingbeenpromotedC.havingpromotedD.tobepromoted4.___twice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechainedourdog.(2009北京卷)A.BeingbittenB.BittenC.HavingbittenD.Tobebitten5.Istillremember

________

totheFamenTempleandwhatIsawthere.(2009陜西卷)A.totake