2019外研社版高中英語(yǔ)必修二Unit 6 Earth first 知識(shí)清單(學(xué)生版)

閱讀單詞認(rèn)讀sharkn.finv.n.sustainableadj.bulbn.renewableadj.carbonn.reusableadj.brochuren.solaradj.sliden.stand-byadj.moden.appliancen.plugn.litren.重點(diǎn)單詞識(shí)記v.(通常指使用呼吸設(shè)備的)潛水v.把……作為目標(biāo)n.(尤指通過(guò)行為表現(xiàn)出的對(duì)某事的一般)看法,態(tài)度n.海洋,大海v.使……突出;使注意力集中于n.打獵,狩獵n.(野生生物)保護(hù)區(qū)n.員工v.建立,設(shè)立v.破損,損害,損傷n.旱災(zāi),干旱n.洪水,水災(zāi)n.煤氣、電力、自來(lái)水等供應(yīng)(系統(tǒng))v.使恢復(fù)v.采取(某種方法);收養(yǎng),領(lǐng)養(yǎng)n.溫室,暖房v.減少,降低v.釋放,排放n.煙霧,霧霾adj.(問(wèn)題、傷勢(shì)、疾病等)很?chē)?yán)重的n.(尤指大學(xué)里的)講座,講課,演講n.數(shù)量,數(shù)額n.設(shè)備,儀器,裝置v.(使)漏,(使)滲漏v.移走,搬走,去掉;移除n.(宣傳)活動(dòng)n.(工廠(chǎng)、學(xué)校等的)食堂,餐廳adj.平均(數(shù))的核心詞匯拓展__________v.使(某人)驚恐,嚇?！鷂_________adj.害怕的;驚恐的→__________adj.恐怖的__________adv.幸運(yùn)地→__________adj.幸運(yùn)的→__________adj.不幸的→__________adv.不幸地__________n.滅絕,絕種→__________adj.滅絕的__________v.致力,獻(xiàn)身,傾注→__________adj.摯愛(ài)的;投入的→__________n.致力;獻(xiàn)身__________n.殘忍,殘酷,殘暴→__________adj.殘忍的;殘酷的→__________adv.殘忍地;殘酷地__________n.報(bào)告;(觀(guān)點(diǎn)的)陳述,說(shuō)明;介紹;展示→__________vt.頒發(fā);出示;贈(zèng)送;呈遞n.禮物adj.現(xiàn)在的;出席的;目前的__________________________________________________n.霧→__________adj.多霧的;有霧的__________n.感染,傳染病→__________v.傳染→__________adj.傳染的;傳染性的__________n.允許,許可→__________v.允許,許可;使有可能n.許可證__________n.多數(shù);大多數(shù)(人或物)→__________adj.主要的;重要的vi.主修n.主修課程__________adj.假的;不正確的,錯(cuò)誤的→__________n.過(guò)錯(cuò);缺陷__________n.電;電能→__________adj.電的;帶電的→__________adj.電子的__________v.竭力主張,強(qiáng)烈要求,敦促n.強(qiáng)烈的欲望;迫切要求→__________adj.緊急的;急迫的→__________n.緊急;急迫__________adj.焦急的,擔(dān)憂(yōu)的→__________v.(使)擔(dān)憂(yōu);涉及;與……有關(guān)n.擔(dān)憂(yōu),憂(yōu)慮→__________prep.關(guān)于;就……而言__________v.促成,造成(某事發(fā)生);貢獻(xiàn),捐獻(xiàn)→__________n.貢獻(xiàn)核心短語(yǔ)速記duetotake...intoaccount害怕地害怕……把……切斷對(duì)……有影響把……看作theotherwayround把……誤當(dāng)作……breakdown常識(shí)采取措施號(hào)召circumstancen.情況;形勢(shì);環(huán)境civiladj.公民的;國(guó)內(nèi)的civilizationn.文明;教化classicadj.經(jīng)典的n.經(jīng)典著作;名著classicaladj.傳統(tǒng)的;古典的clarifyvt.澄清;闡明classifyvt.分類(lèi)clumsyadj.笨拙的coincidencen.碰巧;巧合colleaguen.同事combinevt.使聯(lián)合;使結(jié)合commandn.&vt.命令;指揮Somepeoplestoppedswimminginthesea,afraidofthehorriblecreaturefromthefilm.(形容詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))有些人因?yàn)楹ε掠龅诫娪袄锩枋龅倪@種可怕生物再也不去海里游泳了。In1980,Benchleywasdivingwhenhecameacrossanawfulsight.(bedoing...when...)在1980年,本奇利正在潛水,這時(shí)他遇到了一個(gè)可怕的場(chǎng)景。Today,aswelearnmoreaboutsharks,morepeoplethaneverwanttoprotectthemfromextinction.(as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句)時(shí)至今日,隨著我們對(duì)鯊魚(yú)了解的加深,越來(lái)越多的人愿意去保護(hù)它們免遭滅絕。Ittakeshundredsofyearsforplastictobreakdown,butmuchlesstimeforpaper.(Ittakes/took...sometimetodo...)塑料的分解需要數(shù)百年的時(shí)間,而紙的降解時(shí)間要短得多。However,makingapaperbagusesfourtimesasmuchenergyasmakingaplasticbaganduptothreetimestheamountofwater.(倍數(shù)表達(dá)法)然而,生產(chǎn)紙袋的耗能是塑料袋的四倍,耗水則多達(dá)三倍。Tomakesureyourapplianceisinfactoff,removetheplugfromitspowersupply.(不定式作目的狀語(yǔ))為確保你的電器設(shè)備徹底關(guān)閉,請(qǐng)從電源上拔下電器插頭。請(qǐng)先從表格中選用本單元所學(xué)詞匯完成下列短文,然后核對(duì)答案并背誦該短文。damage,majority,dueto,takesteps,severeManyrareanimalsarefacedwithextinction1.__________humanactivities.Besides,withmoreandmorecarbondioxidereleased,theenvironmenthasgot2.__________andgreenhouseeffectoccurs.Plus,3.__________droughtandsmogaroundtheworldhighlighttheurgeto4.__________toprotecttheenvironment.Fortunately,peoplehaverealizedtheimportanceofsustainabledevelopmentandadoptedsomemeasures.Manygovernmentsandpeoplecontributetoreducingpollution.Also,wefindmanynaturalreservesestablished.A5.__________ofscientistsaredevotedtomakingthemostofsolarenergy.Allinall,itwillbebetterandbetter.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯scarevt.驚嚇;使害怕;使(某人)驚恐,嚇唬vi.受驚嚇(scaryadj.嚇人的;恐怖的scaredadj.恐懼的;驚恐的)scaresbintodoingsth恐嚇某人做某事scare...away/off把……嚇跑bescaredtodosth＝bescaredofdoingsth害怕/不敢做某事bescaredofsb/sth害怕某人/某事bescaredtodeath嚇得要死Shewasscared__________(dive)intothedeepwaterbecausethereweremanydangerouscreatures.Shewasscaredof__________(walk)homealoneinthefog,soshecalledataxi.當(dāng)我意識(shí)到那頭熊回來(lái)攻擊我們的時(shí)候,我?guī)缀跻獓標(biāo)懒恕?2020·浙江7月,讀后續(xù)寫(xiě))WhenIrealizedthatthebearwascomingbacktoattackus,I.沒(méi)有保羅的好心幫忙,Mac決不會(huì)赤手空拳把狼嚇跑。(讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之場(chǎng)景描寫(xiě))Maccouldbynomeanswithbarehandswithoutthehelpofkind-heartedPaul.devotevt.致力,獻(xiàn)身,傾注;致力于;專(zhuān)心致志于;把……用于(devotedadj.摯愛(ài)的;投入的;忠實(shí)的,忠誠(chéng)的;獻(xiàn)身的devotionn.獻(xiàn)身;奉獻(xiàn);關(guān)愛(ài);忠誠(chéng))devote...to(doing)sth把……用在/獻(xiàn)給(做)某事上devoteoneselftodoingsth獻(xiàn)身于/致力于做某事bedevotedto(doing)sth獻(xiàn)身于(做)某事;專(zhuān)心于(做)某事Thoughyoung,Cathydevotedherselfto__________(reduce)pollution.Weadmireherforher__________(devote)togivinglecturesaboutprotectingtheenvironment.Idevotedmyselftocommunityactivitiesandwaspraisedbythepeoplearound.(應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之申請(qǐng)信),Iwaspraisedbythepeoplearound.(用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě)),Iwaspraisedbythepeoplearound.(用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)改寫(xiě))affectv.影響;感動(dòng);(疾病)侵襲;使感染(affectionn.喜歡;喜愛(ài);感情effectn.作用;影響)beaffectedby受……的影響;被……感動(dòng)beaffectedwith感染……疾病haveaneffect/influenceon/upon對(duì)……產(chǎn)生影響have/feelaffectionfor喜愛(ài),鐘愛(ài)Thoughaffected__________akindofseveredisease,hecontinuedwithhiswork.Theaudienceweredeeplyaffectedbythefilm,andtheycouldn’tholdbacktears.我深?lèi)?ài)我的媽媽,她的言行對(duì)我有積極的影響。(應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之人物介紹)Imymum,whosewordsandactionsme.permissionn.允許,許可,批準(zhǔn);許可證(permitvt.&vi.允許,許可,準(zhǔn)許;使有可能)asksbforpermission＝askpermissionfromsb請(qǐng)求某人許可with/without(one’s)permission得到/未經(jīng)(某人的)允許permitsbtodosth允許某人做某事permit(doing)sth允許(做)某事Toprotectthewildanimals,peoplearenotpermitted__________(gain)accesstonaturalreserves.Theclub’srulesdon’tpermit__________(leak)personalinformation.Inthelab,thestudentscan’ttouchelectricaldeviceswithouttheteacher’s__________(permit).如果天氣允許,比賽將于下午2點(diǎn)在我校體育館舉行,持續(xù)約3小時(shí)。,thecompetitiontobeheldinourschoolstadiumwillbeginat2pmandlastforroughly3hours.averageadj.平均(數(shù))的;正常的;普通的n.平均數(shù);平均水平above/belowtheaverage高于/低于平均水平onaverage平均;一般地theaverageof...……的平均數(shù)__________average,75speciesfaceextinctionperday.近年來(lái),電子設(shè)備的平均數(shù)量急劇上升,使我們能夠在線(xiàn)學(xué)習(xí)。(2021·全國(guó)乙,書(shū)面表達(dá))inrecentyears,makingitpossibleforustostudyonline.我最尊敬的人是我的語(yǔ)文老師,他的教學(xué)水平遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于平均水平。他中等身材,戴著一副眼鏡。(2020·全國(guó)Ⅰ,書(shū)面表達(dá))ThepersonIrespectmostismyChineseteacher.Heis____________________andwearsapairofglasses.形容詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)Somepeoplestoppedswimminginthesea,afraidofthehorriblecreaturefromthefilm.有些人因?yàn)楹ε掠龅诫娪袄锩枋龅倪@種可怕生物再也不去海里游泳了。形容詞(短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ)：說(shuō)明謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí),主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)。表示行為方式、伴隨狀況、原因、時(shí)間或條件等。__________(concern)abouttheenvironmentalproblemofourcountry,theauthorityencouragesthecompaniestomakeuseofsolarenergy.__________(scare)ofthefiercewolf,thechildfrozeonthespot,unabletoutteraword.(讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之恐懼心理描寫(xiě))Iwasafraidoffailingtofindourwaytothefarm.Isatbesideatreeandheldmyshouldersinmyarmstightly.(讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)之恐懼心理描寫(xiě))→,Isatbesideatreeandheldmyshouldersinmyarmstightly.(形容詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ))倍數(shù)表達(dá)法However,makingapaperbagusesfourtimesasmuchenergyasmakingaplasticbaganduptothreetimestheamountofwater.然而,生產(chǎn)紙袋的耗能是塑料袋的四倍,耗水則多達(dá)三倍。倍數(shù)的表達(dá)方式：A＋be＋倍數(shù)＋as＋adj./adv.原級(jí)＋as＋BA＋be＋倍數(shù)＋adj./adv.比較級(jí)＋than＋BA＋be＋倍數(shù)＋the＋名詞(size/weight/length/...)＋of＋BA＋be＋倍數(shù)＋what從句這部短片講述了我們學(xué)校的發(fā)展。現(xiàn)在,我們新學(xué)校的面積是10年前的三倍大。Theshortfilmtellsaboutthedevelopmentofourschool.Nowournewschooliswhatitwastenyearsago.(倍數(shù)＋as＋adj./adv.原級(jí)＋as)Theshortfilmtellsaboutthedevelopmentofourschool.Nowournewschooliswhatitwastenyearsago.(倍數(shù)＋adj./adv.比較級(jí)＋than)Theshortfilmtellsaboutthedevelopmentofourschool.Nowournewschoolis__________________whatitwastenyearsago.(倍數(shù)＋the＋名詞＋of)(2022·全國(guó)乙)FirstannouncedinApril,2016,thetaxwhichappliestosoftdrinkscontainingmorethan5gofsugarper100ml,wasintroducedtohelpreducechildhoodobesity.2016年4月首次宣布,該稅收適用于每100毫升含糖量超過(guò)5克的軟飲料,以幫助減少兒童肥胖。(2021·新高考全國(guó)Ⅱ)Idecidedtodosomethingtoeducatepeopleaboutthisproblem.Iheldpresentationsatschoolstoteachkidsaboutplasticwaste.關(guān)于這個(gè)問(wèn)題我決定做一些事情來(lái)教育人們。我在學(xué)校做演講,教授孩子們有關(guān)塑料垃圾的一些問(wèn)題。(2021·全國(guó)Ⅱ)Thingsquicklygotveryintenseduetothehugeamountofenergyrequiredtolookafterthem.由于照顧它們需要大量的精力,好多事情很快就變得非常緊張。(2020·天津7月)Hepullsoutaspecialdevice,pointsitatthesuspect,andswitchesiton.Thethiefdropstotheground.ThisnewweaponiscalledaLongRangeAcousticDevice.他拿出一個(gè)特殊的裝置,指向嫌疑人,然后打開(kāi)它。那個(gè)小偷倒在了地上。這種新武器被稱(chēng)為遠(yuǎn)程定向聲波發(fā)射器。(2019·江蘇)However,thetwozookeepersdidn’twanttoseetheextinctionofthispreciousspecies.然而,這兩位動(dòng)物園管理員并不想看到這個(gè)珍貴物種的滅絕。提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙lectureA.n.講座；演講B.n.教訓(xùn)C.vt.訓(xùn)斥Whatmakesmeannoyedisthatheisalwayslecturingmeaboutmybehavior.Ifeelgreatlyhonoredtodeliveralecturewhichisdesignedforseniorthreestudents.(應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作之演講稿)_____averageA.n.平均水平B.v.平均為C.adj.平均的D.adj.普通的DriversinLondoncanexpecttoaverageabout12milesperhour.TheaverageAmericanhasnoteventhoughtaboutnextyear’selection.Accordingtothestatistics,onaverage,apersonproducesabout2kilogramsofgarbageperday.Theageofthecandidatesrangedfrom29to49withanaverageageof37.快速閱讀下列句子并猜測(cè)句中加黑詞匯的意思。Theband’sfirstalbumisdueforreleaselaterthismonth.Thesalesmanagerwillgiveapresentationonthenewproducts.Policehavereleasednofurtherdetailsabouttheaccident.核心知識(shí)強(qiáng)化練——鞏固語(yǔ)言知識(shí)__________average,Americanfirmsremainthemostproductiveintheworld.Onemusttaketheroute__________accountwhentravellinginaremoteplace.Nomatterhowcloseyouarewithyourfriends,youcan’tusetheirarticles__________permission.Theywereallscared__________deathwhentheyfoundtheirneighbourshadaninfection.Donationsfrombillionsofpeoplecontributed__________therecoveryoftheflood-hitarea.Largeamountsofmoney__________(spend)onthebridgebeyondthebudgetlastyear.Nowadaysmanyschoolchildrendevotetoomuchtimeto__________(play)computergames.Thishallisfivetimes__________(big)thanourclassroomaccordingtotheresultofmeasure.Itisdangerousforustothrowradioactive(放射性的)wasteaboutinourlifebecauseitdoesdamage__________water.Toherdelight,shereducedherweight__________6kilos__________40kilos.單句寫(xiě)作——應(yīng)用文增分練(邀請(qǐng)留學(xué)生朋友加入校乒乓球隊(duì))隨著學(xué)習(xí)壓力越來(lái)越大,我們鍛煉的時(shí)間越來(lái)越少。(as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句)我們把所有的業(yè)余時(shí)間都用在打乒乓球上,并代表學(xué)校參加了許多比賽。(devoteone’stimeto)打乒乓球不僅能緩解我的壓力,還能保持我的身體健康。(reduce)要報(bào)名加入團(tuán)隊(duì),你可以從我們學(xué)校的網(wǎng)站下載申請(qǐng)表,填好并在7月28日之前通過(guò)電子郵件發(fā)送給我。(不定式作目的狀語(yǔ))微型寫(xiě)作——續(xù)寫(xiě)提能練[教材續(xù)寫(xiě)語(yǔ)料]心理描寫(xiě)scarev.使(某人)驚恐,嚇唬→scaredadj.害怕的concernedadj.焦急的,擔(dān)憂(yōu)的動(dòng)作描寫(xiě)divev.潛水devotev.致力,獻(xiàn)身,傾注highlightv.使……突出damagev.破損,損害,損傷affectv.影響releasev.釋放,排放leakv.(使)漏,(使)滲漏urgev.竭力主張,強(qiáng)烈要求,敦促contributeto促成;造成描述性詞匯crueltyn.殘忍,殘酷,殘暴→crueladj.殘忍的;殘酷的fortunatelyadv.幸運(yùn)地[續(xù)寫(xiě)語(yǔ)料運(yùn)用]請(qǐng)從以上語(yǔ)料中選擇合適的詞匯,完成以下語(yǔ)段。然后核對(duì)答案并背誦該語(yǔ)段。(在丈夫和女兒的影響下克服恐高心理)橋的高度讓我非常害怕,我雙腿發(fā)抖。深受小女兒的影響,我低聲對(duì)自己說(shuō)：“勇敢是最重要的品質(zhì)。”身邊的丈夫很擔(dān)心我,一直抓著我的胳膊。我力勸自己樹(shù)立信心,釋放壓力,然后走到了22米高的吊橋上。幸運(yùn)的是,我不再恐懼。是女兒的勇敢?guī)椭宋?并促進(jìn)了我的成功。______________________________,mylegstrembled.______________________________,Iwhisperedtomyself,“Braverywasthemostsignificantquality.”Myhusbandbesideme____________________,grabbingmyarmallthetime.________________________________________,Ireleasedmypressureandwalkedonthe22-meter-highsuspensionbridge.Fortunately,Iwasnolongerovercomebyfear.Itwasmydaughter’sbraverythathelpedmeand____________________.詞形變化填空(每小題2.5分,共20分)Heis__________totheresearchandhis__________totheworkleadstohissuccess.(devote)Seeingthe__________bear,wewere__________.Luckily,someadultsmanagedto__________thebeastoff.(scare)Withouttheteachers’__________,nooneis__________togointothechemistrylab.(permit)AsfarasI’m__________,weshouldbeawarethatourparentsare__________notonlyaboutoursafety,butalsosomematters__________ourgrowth.(concern)150to200speciesarebecoming__________everyyear.Thismass__________iscausedbyhunting.(extinct)Thisdiseasei