Chapter3ConnectiveTissueprooper(固有結(jié)締組織)

CONNECTIVETISSUEPROPERGeneralhistologyIntroduction&CellTissueEpitheliumConnectivetissueConnectivetissueproperCartilage&boneBloodMuscletissueNervetissueSpecialhistologyOrgan&systemThecirculatorysystemTheimmunesystemTherespiratorysystemDigestivetractDigestiveglandsTheendocrinesystemTheurinarysystemThemalereproductivesystemThefemalereproductivesystemINTRODUCTIONConnectiveTissue(CT)GeneralFeaturesFewercells,moreextracellularmatrixNopolarityRichinbloodvesslesFunctions:connection,support,protection,INTRODUCTIONCToriginatesfromthemesenchyme,anembryonictissueformedbymesenchymalcellsandamorphousmatrix無(wú)定形基質(zhì).MesenchymalcellINTRODUCTIONCT（inwidesense）CTproper（innarrowsense）CartilageBoneBloodLooseCTDenseCTAdiposetissueReticulartissueLOOSECONNECTIVETISSUELooseConnectiveTissue(LCT)–Areolar蜂窩TissueFeatures:moretypesofcellsandfewerfibersLOOSECONNECTIVETISSUELooseConnectiveTissueconsistsofCells:fibroblast成纖維細(xì)胞,plasmacell漿細(xì)胞,macrophage巨噬細(xì)胞,mastcell肥大細(xì)胞,fatcell,undifferentiatedmesenchymalcell,leukocyte['l?k?,sa?t]白細(xì)胞.ExtracellularmatrixFiber:collagenousfiber,elasticfiber,reticularfiberGroundsubstanceLCTCELLCell:建：undifferentiatedmesenchymalcell成：fibroblast巨：macrophage大：mastcell白：leukocyte漿：plasmacell肪：fatcellDescribethestructureofacellLMShapeNucleus細(xì)胞核:nucleolus核仁Cytoplasm細(xì)胞質(zhì)EMOrganelles[,??g?'nel細(xì)胞器Granules[gr?nju:ls]顆粒FibroblastThemostcommoncellsinLCTLM:

FlatwithprocessesNucleus:large,palestained著色淺,withprominentnucleolus核仁明顯Cytoplasm:slightlybasophilic[,bes?‘f?l?k嗜堿性EM:richinrER,freeribosomes'ra?b?som]andGol.FUNCTION:synthesizefibersandmatrixLCTCELLFIBROBLASTFibroblast(HE)LCTCELLFIBROBLASTFibroblast(TEM)LCTCELLFIBROBLASTFibrocyte:aninactivestatus靜止?fàn)顟B(tài)offibroblastwhichcandevelopintofibroblastforrepairingFibrocyteFibroblastLCTCELLPLASMACELLPlasmaCell※※DerivedfromBlymphocyteLM:ovoidorroundinshape.Roundeccentrically-locatednucleuswithwheel-arrangedheterochromatin.Cytoplasmisabundantandintenselybasophilic.EM:richinrER,freeribosomesandGol.Function:synthesizeandsecrete分泌immunoglobulins[,?mj?no‘glɑbj?l?n](antibodies),takingpartinhumoralimmunity[?'mju?n?t?]體液免疫.PlasmaCell（TEM）Macrophage巨噬DerivedfrommonocyteinbloodLM：Shape:irregularwithshortprocessesNucleus:small,darklystainedCytoplasm:acidophilic,withgranules巨噬顆粒ofvarioussizesEM:numerousmicrovilli,richinlysosomes,phagosomes,phagocyticvacuoleandresidualbodyFunction:Chemotaxis；Phagocytosis吞噬作用Secretion；ImmunereactionLCTCELLMACROPHAGEMacrophageHistocyte:macrophageinLCT

Macrophage(TEM)MacrophageMacrophageMastCellDistributedaroundvesselsStructure:

Large,roundorovoidNucleus:smallandpale-stainedCytoplasm:filledwithnumerouscoarsemetachromatic易染性granules.Function:thegranulescontainheparin肝素,histamine組胺andeosinophilchemotacticfactors嗜酸性趨化因子,andthecytoplasmcontainsleukotriene白三烯,takingpartinallergicreactions過(guò)敏發(fā)應(yīng).LCTCELLMASTCELLMastCellMastCell(TEM)LCTCELLFATCELLFatCell(Adipocyte)StructureLarge,roundorpolygonalEccentric,flattenednucleusAthinrimofcytoplasmAlargelipiddropletFunction:synthesizeandstorefatWhiteadiposetissueHELCTCELLUndifferentiatedMesenchymalCellStructure:similartofibrocyteFunction:withdifferentiatingpotentialLeukocytesNeutrophil,eosinophilandlymphocyteLCTFIBERFiber:synthesizedbyfibroblastCollagenous[k?'l?d??n?s]fiber膠原纖維ElasticfiberReticularfiberLCTFIBERCOLLAGENOUSFIBERCollagenous[k?'l?d??n?s]Fiber(Whitefiber)LM:Thick、AcidophilicEM:parallel-arrangedcollagenousfibrils膠原原纖維Collagenousfibril:Withperiodiccrossstriation周期性橫紋at64nmintervalComponent成分:typeⅠandⅢcollagens

MechanicalProperty:greattensilestrengthCollagenousFiberElasticFiberCollagenousFiber（MuscleTendonHE）CollagenousFibril(EM)LCTFIBERELASTICFIBERElasticFiber(yellowfiber)LM:ThinSlightred(HE),purple(aldehydefuchsin)orbrown(orcein)EM:Elastin+MicrofibrilMechanicalProperty:greatelasticityMolecularbasisofelasticity

CollagenousFiberElasticFiberLargeArteryLCTFIBERRETICULARFIBERReticularFiberLM:Thin；BranchtoformnetworksArgyrophilfiber(silverstaining)；PAS(+)EM:Component:typeⅢcollagen64nmcrossstriationsDistribution:ReticulartissueConnectingportion,e.g.reticularlaminaReticularFiber

←（LymphNode，silverstaining

）←←LCTGROUNDSUBSTANCEGroundSubstanceAmorphouscolloidalsubstanceConsistsofGlycosaminoglycan糖胺多糖Proteoglycan蛋白多糖Multiadhesiveglycoprotein多黏多糖Tissuefluid組織液LCTGROUNDSUBSTANCEGLYCOSAMINOGLYCANGlycosaminoglycans(GAGs)SulfatedChondroitinsulfateA,C硫酸軟骨素Keratansulfate硫酸角質(zhì)素Heparansulfate硫酸乙酰肝素Dermatansulfate硫酸皮膚素NonsulfatedHyaluronicacid(hyaluronan)透明質(zhì)酸LCTGROUNDSUBSTANCEPROTEOGLYCANProteoglycanA.Proteoglycansubunit1Coreprotein4GAGsTesttubebrushlikeCoreproteinGAGsLCTGROUNDSUBSTANCEPROTEOGLYCANProteoglycanB.ProteoglycanaggregateCoreproteinHyaluronicacid透明質(zhì)酸ProteoglycansubunitLinkprotein連接蛋白ProteoglycansubunitCollagenousfibrilMolecularsieveLCTGROUNDSUBSTANCE

MULTIADHESIVEGLYCOPROTEINMultiadhesiveGlycoprotein多黏多糖Fibronectin,FN纖維粘連蛋白Laminin,LN層粘連蛋白Chondronectin,ChN軟骨粘連蛋白LCTGROUNDSUBSTANCETISSUEFLUIDTissueFluidDENSECONNECTIVETISSUEDenseConnectiveTissue(DCT)Features:fewercells,morefibersFunction:connectionandsupportingThreetypesDenseregularconnectivetissueDenseirregularconnectivetissueElastictissue※※DistributionDCT

DENSEREGULARCONNECTIVETISSUEDenseregularconnectivetissueStructure:Parallel-arrangedcollagenousfibersTendoncells:specialfibroblastwithwing-likeprocessesDistribution:TendonsLigamentsDenseregularconnectivetissue,H&ETC:nucleioftendoncellDCT

DENSEIRREGULARCONNECTIVETISSUEDenseirregularconnectivetissueStructureFibersarearrangedinbundleswithoutadefiniteorientation.FibroblastLessgroundsubstanceDistribution:dermis,scleraandcapsuleofsomeorgansDenseirregularconnectivetissue(dermis)H&EDCTELASTICTISSUEElastictissueElasticfibersarearrangedinbundlesorformamembraneDistribution:nuchalligament,ligamentumflavumandlargearteryLargearteryADIPOSETISSUEAdiposetissueComposedoffatcells,separatedbyLCT2types:WhiteadiposetissueBrownadiposetissueADIPOSETISSUEWhiteadiposetissueDistribution:subcutaneoustissueUnilocularfatcell:alargelipiddroplet,eccentric,flattenednucleus,arimofcytoplasmFunction:energystorageWhiteadiposetissueHEADIPOSETISSUEBrownadiposetissueDistribution:newbornandhibernatinganimalsMultilocularfatcell:numerouslipiddroplet,roundnucleusinthecenterFunction:Heatproduction(thermogenesis)ADIPOSETISSUERETICULARTISSUEReticulartissueDistribution:hemopoietictissueandlymphatictissueReticularcell：Reticularfiber:GroundsubstanceProvideflexiblesupportandpredominatesinthevertebralcolumn’sligamentaflavaandthesuspensoryligmengofthepenis.SchematicdiagramofreticulartissueMacrophageLymphocyteReticularfiberReticularcellReticulartissue(lymphnode)silverstaining1reticularcell2reticularfiber3lymphocyte同步練習(xí)一、填空1.漿細(xì)胞超微結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)是，細(xì)胞質(zhì)內(nèi)含有大量____________和____________,發(fā)達(dá)的_______________。2．巨噬細(xì)胞的功能主要是_____________、_______________和____________。粗面內(nèi)質(zhì)網(wǎng)游