（漢語文學）論《了不起的蓋茨比》的藝術特點（英文）2

OntheArtisticcharacteristicsoftheGreatGatsby

Abstract:TheGreatGatsbyisanovellabyTheAmericanwriterF.ScottFitzgerald,whosecreationbackgroundistheAmericansocietyinthe1920s.Inthisbook,theauthorkeenlygraspedthethemeofAmericansociallifeatthattime,andshowedtheironyandsadnessunderthelegendof"AmericanDream"bysymbolicmeans.TheMaterialisticAmericansocietyjumpedoutonthepageandevokedpeople'sthinking.ThepublicationofthisworkcausedgreatattentioninthefieldofAmericanliteratureandestablishedFitzgerald'spositioninthehistoryofmodernAmericanliterature.HebecamethespokesmanofthejazzAgeandoneoftherepresentativewritersofthelostgenerationinthe1920s.ThispapertakestheartisticcharacteristicsoftheGreatGatsbyastheresearchobject,analyzesitsartisticcharacteristicsfromdifferentangles,whichishelpfultounderstandthecontentandthemeofthework,soastoaccuratelyunderstandtheauthor'screativethought.

Keywords:TheGreatGatsby;Languagefeatures;Artisticcharacteristics;symbol

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1.Theintroduction

1.Theintroduction

Fitzgerald,afamousnovelist,isoneoftherepresentativesofjazzAgeinAmericanliteraryandmusicalcircles.HismasterpieceTheGreatGatsbyhasestablishedhisprominentpositioninAmericanandevenworldliteraryhistory.FitzgeraldwasoneoftheauthorsoftheLostGeneration,whichwaspublishedin1925.Throughthedescriptionofthecharactersandeventsinthenovel,itreflectstheconflictbetweentheidealandthereallifeoftheAmericanpeopleatthattime,anddeeplyrevealsthetragicoutcomethattheAmericanyouthexcessivelypursuedtheAmericandreambutwasdoomedtobedestroyedintheJazzAge.[[]LiJingxin.ResearchonartisticCharacteristicsofTheGreatGatsby[J].ThinkTankTimes,2018(33):2.

]Thenovelreflectspeople'sbeautifulvisionforthefuturethroughthevirtual"AmericanDream",blindlybelievingthatmoneyandmaterialwealthcanbeashortcuttorealizethisillusorydream.However,theAmericandreambelievedbyGatsbyisincompatiblewiththerealworld,whichisatrueportrayaloftheAmericansocietyinthe1920s.[[]ZhangXiaonan.AnalysisontheArtistictechniquesof"Singularity"inTheGreatGatsby[J].TimesAgriculturalMachinery,2017.

]"Thegreatgatsby"successfullyconstructedbypeopleasthecenterofthescene,createdthecharacterimage,forthecenterwithactionofthenovelcontainsalargenumberofrichandcolorful,meaningfulsymbolsystem,thisaseriesofexcellentliterarycreationtechniquedeepanddetaileddepictstheherointhefanaticalpursuitofthe"Americandream"intheprocessofthoughtandaction,Itgavehimstrongcourageandpowertopursuehisdream,whichwasalsoaprofoundcriticismandreflectiononthehedonismprevailingintheUnitedStatesatthattime.Intermsoftime,thisworkwasbornbetweenthetwoWorldWars,whichwasanimportantperiodofrapiddevelopmentofAmericanliterature.Throughliterature,outstandingwritersdepictedpeople'sexcessivepursuitofmaterialwealthandrevealedAmericanyouth'sdissatisfactionwiththesocietyatthattime.Therefore,thedissolutionoftheAmericanDreamasthethemeoftheeraofliteraryworksemergeinanendlessstream.Thisingeniousnovelnarratesthetwistsandturnsofthestorywithdelicateandaccuratelanguageandcolorfulrhetoricaldevices.[[]ZhangXiaonan.AnalysisontheArtistictechniquesof"Singularity"inTheGreatGatsby[J].TimesAgriculturalMachinery,2017.

]Withvividcharactersandrichliteraryandaestheticconnotations,itisregardedbymanycriticsasoneofthemostperfectworksofAmericanfictionsinceJamesJames.

2.OverviewofTheGreatGatsby

2.1AuthorIntroduction

FrancisScottKeyFitzgeraldwasbornin1896.Hewasoneofthemostfamouswritersofthe20thcenturyintheUnitedStates.[[]maxiaohui.Onthestructuralartofthegreatgatsby[J].Journalofhunanuniversityofscienceandtechnology,2017,038(012):44-45.

]Thelivestheyexperiencedandtheirownuniqueworldoutlookarecloselyrelatedtotheauthor.Fromtheseinternalconnections,wecanfindthetragicprocessofFitzgerald'sdreambeingshattered.Hedreamedofcreatingabeautiful"Americandream",butfoundtheendofthisdreamhavingtobeshattered.Fitzgerald'sworksoftenuseelegantwords,richandvariedwordsandsentencesofvariousforms,whicharewellrepresentedinhisworks.TheUnitedStatesinthe1920s,becauseofitsone-sidedfocusoneconomicdevelopment,causedthewholesocietytobeinafidgetyatmosphere.Fitzgeraldwasborninabusinessman'sfamilyinSt.Paul,Minnesota.[[]CaoLihua.AnalysisofGatsby'sFPAcharactercolorinTheGreatGatsby[J].LiteratureEducation(I),2018,000(010):77-79.

]Hedroppedoutofcollegebeforehefinishedhisstudiesanddecidedtojointhearmy.Afterhisdischargefromthearmy,hewasemployedasacopyistinacommercialcompanyandusedallhissparetimetocreateworks.In1920,Fitzgeraldpublishedherfirstnovel"theparadiseonearth",thenovelmadehimfamous,wellknown,thentheothertwobeingpublishednovels,in1921thegirlsandthephilosophersandthestoryofthejazzagein1922,until1925,"thegreatgatsbyshouted,AnddeterminedhisuniqueleadershipinThehistoryofAmericanliterature.In1934,hepublishedanothernovel"tender",butofthisnovelintheliteraryworldisrelativelyflat,withsuchregret,in1936,heappearedstrangebody,buthestillinsiststhatliterarycreation,hislastanautobiographicalnovel,"collapse",it'sapitythathaven'tfinishedpublishinghaddied..

2.2Introduction

ThesettingofTheGreatGatsbyisthe1920sintheUnitedStates.TheheroGatsbyisamillionaireandveryyoung,butinpeople'smouth,hisreputationdoesnotseemtobeparticularlygood.Themanhimself,beingsomysterious,leavesashadowofsuspicion.Heseemedtobedifferentfromotherrichmen,especiallywhenotherrichmenconsortonlywithrichmenoftheirownclass.Hehadlittleconnectionwithhissocialclass,andnooneknewhowhehadmadehisfortune.Therewererumorsthathehadkilledpeopleformoney,thathehadbetrayedhiscountryduringthewartobecomeaspyforGermany,andthathewaseventhenephewofKaiserWilhelmII.Nomatterhowhemadehisfortune,heoftengavemanyluxuriouspartiesandallowedmanypeopletoeatanddrinkathisplace,buthewasstillalonelyman.Hedidnotwanttoinnovate,justhopecancontinuetolivetheoriginallife,withhisdeeploveofthewomanDaisy,happylife.ButDaisy,thewomanheloveddayandnight,hadmarriedamorematureandrespectedmillionaire,TomBuchanan,andhadalovelydaughter.[[]WangLL.ResearchonironicArtofTheGreatGatsby[J].ChineseConstruction,2017(23):35-36.(inChinese)

]However,thisdidnothinderGatsby'sloveforDaisy,whileDaisyfeltthatshewasboundbymarriageandhadnofreedom.ShewasfullofdissatisfactionwithhermarriagelifeandwantedtoattractGatsby'sattentiontoher.

TheprotagonistNickCallaway,Gatsby'sneighbor,isalsoastockbrokeronWallStreet.Intheprocessofcommunicatingwiththeseupperclasspeople,Callawaydeeplyrealizedthatnomatterhowbeautifulanddignifiedapersonisinappearance,thesepeoplestilltreattheirfriendsverycoldly.[[]ChongSHI.AnAnalysisoftheArtformandcharacterizationoftheGreatGatsby[J].ChineseLanguageConstruction,2017(21):32-33.

]Ofcourse,TomandDaisyareamongthem.ThereisagasstationinavacantlotbetweenLongIslandandNewYork,andtheowner'swifeMertisTom'slover.Inanaccident,Daisy,drivingGatsby'snewcar,accidentallyrunsoverMertandkillshim.InordertocoverDaisy,Gatsbysaidhedrovethecarhimself,andasaresult,GatsbywaskilledbyMyrtle'shusband.NooneattendsGatsby'sfuneral,includingDaisy.CallawaywassupposedtoattendthefuneralthroughJordantolearnthatGatsby'smillionaireidentityisillusorytruth.Finally,CallawayleftfortheMidwestoftheUnitedStatesandreturnedtohishometown,leavingGatsbyalonewithsadnessandwishfulsadness.

Fitzgerald'sthirdnovel,TheGreatGatsby,waspublishedinNewYorkinApril1925.ThisbookisrecognizedasamasterpiecebytheculturalcirclesoftheUnitedStatesandothercountriesintheworld,withsimpleplot,rigorousstructureandprofoundthoughts.ThenovelvividlydepictsthepsychologyofAmericanyouthwhentheAmericanDreamisshattered.[[]Mingjunlan.Thesymbolicconnotationofgreeninthegreatgatsby[J].Worldliteraturestudies,2018,006(003):P.114-118.

]Thedescriptionofloveandidealinthenovelisfaintlypermeatedwithatrickleofsadnessbetweenthelines,showingtheauthor'sdeepsympathyforthedisillusionmentofthisgeneration'sideals.InthenoveltheGreatGatsby,FitzgeraldaffirmsthatGatsby'sdreamwillbedashedontheonehand,andsympathizeswithGatsbyontheotherhand,whichmakesreadersfeelatmultiplelevelsandechoesthecontradictorypsychologyofthecharactersinthenovel.ThisnovelisworthyofbeingauniquemasterpieceofAmericanliteratureinbothsocialsenseandartisticachievement.Atthesametime,itisalsoasocialnovelreflectingthespiritualcrisisandmoraldegradationinAmericaafterthewar.[8]ThisnovelisthebestoneofFitzgerald'sworksintermsofideologicaldepthandartisticexpression.

SincethepublicationoftheGreatGatsby,manyauthoritativecriticsandfamouswritershaveenthusiasticallypraiseditsprofoundideologicalcontentandartisticoriginality,andhighlypraiseditssocialandhistoricalvalueandartisticvalue.Wilson,Fitzgerald'soldfriend,wrote,"Thereisnodoubtthatthisisyourbestwork,themostingeniousinconception,themostvividindescriptionandthemostbeautifulinlanguage."Brooks,afamousliteraryhistorian,saidinhisreplytoFitzgerald:"Inmyopinion,thisisyourbestwork.Productisveryoriginalandintriguing.Thecharactersandplotsinthebookareunforgettableforalongtime."Hemingwayalsothinksthatthisisdefinitelyafirst-classwork.T.S.Eliot,afamouspoetandliterarycritic,praised:"ThisisthefirststepinAmericanfictionsinceHenryJames."IntheGreatGatsby,theauthorexpressesthedisillusionmentofthe"AmericanDream"inaperfectartisticformthroughstrictstructurallayoutandabrand-newnarrativeperspective.ItisthemostremarkablesignthatFitzgerald'screativethoughtandartisticstylehavematured[[]YangLu.TheGreatGatsbyfromtheperspectiveofExistentialism[J].Peony,2017(12Z):4.

]

TakingGatsby'spassionatepursuitofhisfirstloverDaisyasthemainline,thenoveltellsnotonlyatraditionalromanticstoryabout"loveandmoney",butalsoananti-romanticstoryabouthowthedreamof"loveandmoney"wasshatteredandfinallyevolvedintoatragicone.Inthiswork,theprotagonistGatsby,whoisdeliberatelyportrayedanddeeplysympathizedbytheauthor,isamanfromthebottomofsociety.Heistenacious,braveandtenacious,andfinallyachievesgreateconomicsuccessandenterstheupperclassofsocietywithhisownhardwork.

However,the"AmericanDream"and"BetterFuture"hebelievesinarevainandethereal,whicharecompletelyincompatiblewithreality.HeregardedhisfirstloverDaisyasasymbolofyouth,moneyandstatus.InordertopursueDaisy,inordertopursuehisideallove,inordertorestoreolddreams,heexhaustedhisfeelings,intelligenceandmoney.[9]InordertoattractDaisy'sattentionandrelivetheirlostlove,heheldafeastthatwillnevercometoanendinhisluxuriousvillaonWestEggIsland.Hisnaiveideaprintedwithmoneycanreliveolddreamsandredeemlostlove,whichisdoomedtobejustadream.

Daisyinreallifeisavulgarandshallowwoman.Shehasnoideal,nosentiment,andenjoyinglifeisherhighestgoal,eventheleastsincerity.Herconsciencehaslongbeenswallowedupbymoneyandstatus.Gatsbydevotedhiswholelife'senergyanddreamtoabeautifulbody.ThisisGatsby'stragedy,andthecauseofthistragedyistheextremelydespicableandselfishnatureoftheupperclass.Whatisevenmoresadisthathefailedtorealizetheessenceofupperclassuntilhedied.

2.3Relevantresearchstatus

2.3.1Domesticresearchstatus

LiJingxin(2018)pointsoutthatthecreationofnovels,Fitzgeraldworks,themostrepresentativeis"thegreatgatsby",thenovelcanbedescribedasaclassicmicrocosmofAmericansociety,theauthorthroughtotakepeopleasthecenterofthescenestructure,highlyideologicalimplicationofcolorsymbolsystemanduniquescenerycreationtechnique,comprehensivelydescribestheprotagonistgatsbyinthenovelHehadmoneyandtalent,andthenlostitalltocorruptionandabandonmentofhispersonallife.EliothassaidthatTheGreatGatsbyisthefirststepinAmericanfictionsinceHenryJames.ArthurMeiznerarguesthatinTheGreatGatsbyFitzgeraldbringstolife,forthefirsttimeinthe20thcentury,thedramaticconflictbetweengoodandevilthatJamessawasdeeplyrootedinAmericanlife.CaoLihua(2018)pointsoutthattheGreatGatsbyisconsideredaclassicinAmericanliterature.Becauseitreflectspeople'spursuitoftheAmericandream,whichsymbolizeswealthandpower,intheJazzAge,Fitzgeraldsuccessfullycreatedtheimageofgatsby,theprotagonist,withsuperbwritingskills.FitzgeraldisafamousAmericanwriterinthe20thcentury.HisnovelTheGreatGatsby,ashisrepresentativework,haswonaudiences'loveoncepublished.Inthenovel,Fitzgeraldcreatedawell-knownfigure,Gatsby,whowasportrayedwithgreatirony.However,theendofGatsbywasverysad,andhisimagecollapsedintheheartsoftheaudience.[[]GuoLin.OnthestructuralartoftheGreatGatsby[J].TasteClassic,2020(5):4.

]Thetitleof"great"tomodifyGatsbyistomeettheneedofirony,denyingthevariousmeansusedbyGatsbyontheroadtowealthandintheprocessofpursuinghisdream.Stoneher(2017)"thegreatgatsbyisafamousAmericanwriterFitzgerald'snovella,bydescribingafromthebottomoftheyouthinthewesternUnitedStatesgatsby,thedreamthroughpersonalstruggletogetrealhappinessandlove,butintheend,dream,wasstabbeddiedinthetragedyofthefirstworldwartheUnitedStatespeople'slivingconditionsdescribedTherefore,itpresentstherealitythatthe"Americandream"isdoomed.Thenovelisgoodatusingnarrative,symbolicandothertechniques,outstandingartform,profoundconnotation,isaworkworthappreciating.

2.3.2Thestatusquoabroad

Mostforeignstudiesonthisworkfocusonitsthemeof"AmericanDream",focusingonitstragicstyleandsymbolicmeaning,suchasLehanByanalyzingthereasonsforthedisillusionmentofGatsby'spursuitofthe"AmericanDream"intheGreatGatsby,Richardrevealedtheimportantconclusionthat"Gatsby'sdreamisalsothedreamofanera".JohnF.Callahanpointedoutthattheworkdeeplydepictsthe"JazzAge"ofAmericansocietyatthattime,andshowshowthe"AmericanDream"dreamedbyAmericanyoungpeopleatthattimewasshattered.

2.4Analysisofinnovationpoints

TheGreatGatsbywascreatedbyFitzgeraldinLongIsland,NewYork.ItdescribedthesocialbackgroundoftheUnitedStatesinthe1920s.UnderthepenofFitzgerald,theluxurioussociallifestyleoftheUnitedStatesatthattimewasfullydisplayedandthought-provoking.AfterthepublicationoftheGreatGatsby,theliterarycircleattachedgreatimportancetoitatthattime,andwiththespreadofliteraryworks,itattractedwideattentionaroundtheworld.ItcanevenbesaidthattheGreatGatsbyoncebecameasynonymofTheAmericansocietyatthattime,exertingafar-reachinginfluenceonthedevelopmentoftheAmericanliterarycircle.[[]ZhuGuqiang.ThenarrativetimeartoftheGreatGatsby[J].JournalofHanshanNormalUniversity,2020,41(2):6.

]ToanalyzetheGreatGatsby,weshouldgrasptheartisticcharacteristicsofFitzgerald'screation,soastobetterunderstandtheemotionalconnotationofthenovelandfeeltheprofoundthoughtscontainedtherein.

3.ArtisticfeaturesoftheGreatGatsby

3.1ThenarrativeartcharacteristicsoftheGreatGatsby

TheGreatGatsbyistherepresentativeworkofTheAmericanwriterF.ScottFitzgerald.ThenovelismainlyamanifestationofthedisillusionmentofTheUnitedStates.ManyWesternliterarycriticshavegivenithighpraise,sayingthatitisthebestofAmericanliteraryworks,andsomepraiseditforpromotingthedevelopmentofBritishandAmericanliterature.ItcanbeseenthatthisworkhasanextraordinarypositioninthehistoryofAmericanliterature.However,giventhegreatgatsbywithveryhighcommentsdon'tknowisitshowsthethemeofthethoughthasdistinguishingfeaturealoneorwithastrongideologicalcontent,butalsoistheauthorinthewritingofthestoryshowsauniquenarrative,hisworkshasverystrongnarrativeskill,andshowedastrongnarrativeart,toenhancetheartisticfeaturesofhisworks,Enrichesthecontentandcharacterimageofthework.Novelsbythemaincharacterasthenarrator,Nickinthework,Nickisabystanderinthestory,isalsothemaincharacterofthestory,hehasadoublenarrativeAngleofview,heistheauthorletNickasitsmainbody,hasreceivedthegoodeffectofnarrative,notonlyshowedtheflexibilityofnarrative,alsoreflectedtheworkofthestructureofthebalance.[[]KirkCurnutt:TheCambridgeIntroductiontoF.ScottFitzgerald[M],CambridgeUniversityPress,London,2008.

]Asafirst-personnarrator,theuseofhislimitedperspectivecanbringreadersasenseofrealityandintimacy,andthusgenerateideologicalresonancewiththecharactersintheworks.

3.1.1Dualperspectivesofnarrative

ThestoryunfoldsthroughtheobservationsandnarrationofthemaincharacterNick.Itusesthefirst-personperspectiveoflimitedknowledgetodescribethethingsithaswitnessedorexperienced,andatthesametimeusesthewayofthirdpartynarrationtorelaythewordsofothers,soastogivereadersasenseofauthenticityandcredibility.ThroughNick'sobservationandnarrativeperspective,wecanunderstandTheidentityofGates,theluxuryoflifeandthedesolationofdeath,andobservethestoryofDaisy'smeetingwithGatsbyandTom'sconflictwithGatsbythroughNick'seyes.ThroughNick'svision,wecannotonlyunderstandthesituationofAmericansociallifeatthattime,butalsofeelNick'sinnerstate,andunderstandtheimagesofTom,DaisyandGatsbymoreclearly.Atthesametime,becausetheauthorusesanarrativemodeoflimitedperspectiveofknowledge,whenNicknarrateshisexperience,henarratesfromtheperspectiveofempiricalself.Thistransformationofnarrativeperspectivenarratesthedistancebetweenreadersandcharactersandworks,andenhancestheauthenticityofworks.Ofcourse,infirst-personnarration,thenarratorisnotomniscient,whichalsoleavesagapintheimaginationofreadersandenhancestheauthenticityofthestory.Forexample,myfirstmeetingwithGatsbyisdescribedasfollows:"IbelieveIwasoneofthefewpeoplewhoactuallygotaninvitationtoGatsby'sthatnight.Somepeopleweren'tinvited--theycameontheirown.TheygetinthecarforLongIsland,andforsomereasontheykeepshowingupatGatsby'shouse."Inthisnarrative,thenarratorissurethat"I"isinvited,whiletheothersarenot.Thiskindofnarrationnotonlyreflectstheobjectivityofnarration,butalsoreducesthefictionofthestoryandenhancesthecredibilityofthestory.[[]KathleenParkinson:TheGreatGatsby[M],PenguinBooks,London,1987.

]

3.1.2Transformationofnarrativemode

Inthenarrationofthesamestory,whetheritisnarratedfromthefirst-personperspectiveoflimitedknowledgeorthethird-personperspectiveofomniscience,itisthetransferofnarrativeperspective.Inthisway,thenarratorbecomesomniscient,abletomovethroughthestory,bothinthepastandinthefuture,andspeakfromtheheartofthecharacter.Thisnarrativemode,alsoknownasfullfocusmode,throughwhichthenarratorcanseethroughtheinnerchangesofallthecharactersinthestory,andthendescribetheinnerchangesofthecharacters,supplementingthenarrator'slimitedknowledgeinthefirstperson.NickarrangementofDaisyandgatsbyreunion,butNickdon'tknowwhentwopeoplemeetthepsychologicalcondition,howevertheomniscientnarrativeperspective,Nickcanbecarriedoutinthepsychologicalperspective,thenarratorNickUSESthefirstpersontocryso:"whenIwalkedupthefarewell,Iseegatsbycameapuzzledexpressiononherface,heseemstobesomedoubtthepresenthappiness.Ithadbeennearlyfiveyears,andeventhentheremusthavebeentimeswhenDaisydidnotquitefithisdreaminsomeway--itwasnotDaisy'sfault,itwasthestrengthofhisimagination.Hisfantasysurpasseseverything,certainlyDaisy's."Here,thenarratormakesaverythoroughdisplayofGatsby'sinnerworld,leadingthereaderstogatsby'sheart,presentinggatsby'scalm,cold,imaginativeandromanticpsychology,whichcanmakethereadersrealizeGatsby'sinfatuationforDaisyandenrichthecharacter'sheart.AlthoughthisparagraphisNick'sspeculationaboutGatsby'sheart,itisGatsby'sinnermonologue.

3.1.3Conversionofinternalandexternalperspectives

TheGreatGatsbyisnarratedfromtwoperspectives,anddifferentperspectivesarechangedinthenarration.Boththeinternalperspectiveinthefirstpersonandtheexternalperspectiveinthethirdpersonareused.Thecombinationorconversionoftheinternalandexternalperspectivesnarratesthedistancebetweenreadersandthestoryandstrengthensthesenseofrealityofthestory.Intheexternalperspective,observeandcommentonthingsthroughtheperspectiveofthecharactersinthework,soastomakethestorymoreauthenticandbelievable.Nickisapersonoflimitedknowledgeandcannotknoweverythingabouttheprotagonist.Inthiscase,theauthorusesotherpeopleasnarratorstosupplementthedeficiencyofNickasanarrator.WhentellingthelovestorybetweenGatsbyandDaisybeforetheymet,Nickcouldnotknowthestory,sohehadtoborrowsomeoneelse'smouthtotellthestory,soHechoseDaisy'sfriendBaker.Bakersaid,"ItwasanOctoberday--ANDIwaswalkingtoanotherplace...WhileDaisywastalking,anofficerkeptlookingather,thekindoflookeverygirlexpects...That'swhenImadetheconnectionbetweenGatsbyandtheofficer."Inthisnarrative,Nickbecomesabystanderandusesothers'narrationtopresentthestoryasitis,givingpeoplearealandobjectivefeeling.[[]MatthewJ.Bruccoli:SomeSortofEpicGrandeur:TheLifeofF.ScottFitzgerald[M],NewYork:Harcourt,1985.

]IngatsbytoldNickoftheirownexperiences,bytheoSIMSisdescribedinthemouthofgatsby'slifeexperience,theseareallborrowedfromotherstocompletethemouthsofthenarrationofthestory,usingtheoutsideperspective,changingrole,notonlycanletthereaderknowclearlythespecificactivitiesofthecharacters,alsocanenrichthecharacterimage,enhancethevitalityofthestory.

3.2StructuralartfeaturesoftheGreatGatsby

ThemainlineofthenovelinTheGreatGatsbyistheprotagonistNick,wholeadsthecontentofthestoryinthewayoffirst-personnarration.Thestructureisarrangedaccordingtothedevelopmentoftime,presentingatypicallinearstructure.Inthecreationofnovels,thereisadebatebetweenthefirstpersonandthethirdperson,thecoreofwhichisthattheauthorcannotdisappearintothenoveltothegreatestextentandmaintaintheobjectivityofcreation.Infact,bythe20thcentury,fictionwritinghadbasicallyacceptedtheideaofmaximumseparationfromthework,andFitzgeraldfollowedthisbasicprinciplewhenwritingthiswork.

3.2.1SeriesthewholenovelwithNickastheline

Althoughthenovelbeginswiththefirstperson,butinnarrativecanbefoundusingtheobjectivenarrativemethod,theauthorisbasedon"Nick"narrativeperspective,thewholenovelishismemory,sotospeak,linearstructureformation,letthereadercannottellhisconsciousfollowertolistentothedevelopmentofthestory,whichhaveplayedanimportantroleinpromotingthedevelopmentoftheplot.Italsoshortensthedistancebetweenthereadersandthenovel.[[]Todorov,Tavetan:SymbolismandInterpretation[M],NewYork:CornellUniversityPress,1982.

]ItseemsthatNickistheeyesofthereaders,whocanclearlyseehisinteractionwithTom,Daisy,GatsbyandJordan,andletthereadersunderstandtheprotagonistofthenovelandhislifepath.Infromthecontentofobvious,NickrelationshipwithTomandhiswifeDaisymetJordanwentontobecomethegirlfriendhere,whencommunicatewithTomtoknowitsalover,calledBlair,let'sseeTomatthesurfaceofthelifeandsecretly,alsoknowTomisawhatperson,hypocrisy,selfish,arrogance,cold.Throughtheirstoriesraisesoneofthemaincharactergatsby,andthenemphaticallydescribesthegatesthanalifeofluxury,endlessfordinner,atthetimeofgatsby'sdinner,recognizethemiddleclass,allkindsofpeopleinthesociety,theyareallinthepursuitofpleasure,spendtime,allthegatesthannegative,contempt,evenfear,Nevertheless,theunweariedattendanceatGatsby'spartypointsoutthehypocrisyofthemiddleclass.Itcanbeseenthattheplotdevelopmentofthenovelisdevelopedunderthelinearstructure,whichalsoconstitutesthemaincontentofthenovel.

3.2.2Thelinearstructuregraduallyrevealsthecrueltyandhypocrisyofcapitalists

Ofcourse,through"Nick",theauthorgivesadetaileddescriptionofthevariouscharactersofthemiddleclass,allowingustoseethedailylifeandideologicalstateofthemiddleclassinwhichera.Suchasdescriptionongatsby,"Nick"seegatsbyisasinceretreatmentofeachtocometotheparty,althoughtherearealotofpeoplethinkheisforshow,makepublic,infact,hedoesnothavethiskindofidea,because"Nick"doesnotbelongtotheirclass,ishismoneyinordertoattracttheattentionofhehasloverDaisy,DaisybrokeupwithGatsbybecauseoftheFirstWorldWar.Gatsbywronglybelievedthattherea