浙江省五校2014屆高三第二次聯(lián)考英語試卷(帶解析)

浙江省五校2014屆高三第二次聯(lián)考英語試卷（帶解析）1．—Shallwegooutforamealtonight?—__________.Wehaven’tbeenoutforages.A.Nobother【答案】DB.That’sallrightC.NotreallyD.I’dloveto【解析】試題分析個選項(xiàng)的的含義分別是：A.Nobother不用費(fèi)事，B.That’sallright沒關(guān)系，C.Notreally不是真的，D.I’dloveto我很樂意，根據(jù)答語可知說話人很樂意出去吃飯，選D?？键c(diǎn)：考：句意：---我們今晚出去吃飯可以嗎？--_______.我們很長時(shí)間沒有出去了。四中的：Wehaven’tbeenoutforages.查交際用語2．AlthoughAlbertEinsteinwouldsomedaybe_________famousscientist,hedidnotlike__________school.A.a;不填【答案】AB.a;theC.the;不填D.the;the【解析】試題分析學(xué)。第一空填a，泛指“一個著名的科學(xué)家”，第二所以選A。：句意：雖然AlbertEinstein有一天會成為一名著名的科學(xué)家，但是他不喜歡上空不填，這里的school指“上學(xué)”，考點(diǎn)：考查交際用語3．Expertsandteachersallthinkthatfailureisnot_____abadthingtosomeextent.A.greatly【答案】BB.necessarilyC.definitelyD.fully【解析】試題分析：句意：專家和老師都認(rèn)為失敗在某些程度上并不是壞事。四個選項(xiàng)的含義分別是：A.greatly大大地，B.necessarily必須地，C.definitely一定地，D.fully充分地，這里用notnecessarily“未必”，所以選B?？键c(diǎn)：考查副詞辨析4．Afraid__________?Thistypeofanxietycandeeplydisturbpeople’senjoymentofsocialrelationships.A.oflaughingatC.ofbeinglaughedat【答案】CB.tobelaughedatD.beinglaughedat【解析】試題分析：句意：害怕被嘲笑嗎?這種焦慮會深深的打擾人們享受社交關(guān)系。Beafraidof“害怕做?”，of后面接動名詞，因?yàn)閜eople和laughat是被動關(guān)系，用動名詞的被動做賓語，所以選C?？键c(diǎn)：考查詞組和動名詞的被動5．Children’sbrainscannotdevelopproperly_________theylackprotein.A.because【答案】CB.sinceC.whenD.unless第1頁共20頁【解析】試題分析：整個句子的意思是：如果孩子缺少蛋白質(zhì)，他們的大腦就不能適當(dāng)?shù)陌l(fā)展。在本題中的when引導(dǎo)的是一個條件狀語從句，相當(dāng)于if。Because因?yàn)?，since自從，因?yàn)?，unless除非，所以選C。考點(diǎn)：考查連詞辨析6．Supposingyou_________thelottery,whatwouldyoudowiththemoney?A.wouldwinB.havewonC.hadwonD.won【答案】D【解析】試題分析：句意：假設(shè)你彩票贏得了大獎，你會怎么處理這筆錢？Supposing引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語從句，因?yàn)橹骶溆玫氖莣oulddo，說明是和現(xiàn)在相反的虛擬語氣，所以從句用一般過去式，表示虛擬語氣，選D?？键c(diǎn)：考查虛擬語氣7．Ifourmarketingplansucceeds,we_______thesalesbythirtypercentnextyear.A.wouldincreaseB.willincreaseC.wouldhaveincreasedD.willbeincreasing【答案】B【解析】試題分析：如果我們的營銷計(jì)劃成功，我們明年銷售將增加百分之三十。If條件句使用的是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)，所以主句也是一般將來時(shí)，和nextyearB?？键c(diǎn)：考查時(shí)態(tài)8．Althoughwemaynotrealize________,whenwetalkwithotherswemakeourselvesunderstoodnotjustbywordsbutalsobybodymovements.A.itB.themC.thatD.ourselves【答案】A【解析】試題分析：句意:雖然我們可能沒有意識到,當(dāng)我們與人交談的時(shí)候，我們不僅通過話語讓自己被理解還通過身體動作。這里指代的是when后面的從句，所以用it，泛指一種情況，them指代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，that特指可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，ourselves我們自己，所以選A.考點(diǎn)：考查代詞9．Itistherespectforuniversalrights,ourrespectfordifferentcultures,andour_________tointernationallawsthatguideChina'sopennesstoothercountries.A.comprehensionC.commitment【答案】CB.contributionD.consideration【解析】試題分析：句意：是尊重普世權(quán)利,我們尊重不同的文化,我們對國際法律的承諾,指導(dǎo)中國對其他國家開放。四個選項(xiàng)的含義分別是：A.comprehension理解，B.contribution貢獻(xiàn)，捐贈，C.commitment承諾，許諾，委任，委托，致力，獻(xiàn)身，承擔(dān)義務(wù)，D.consideration考慮，所以選C?？键c(diǎn)：考查名詞10．ThisisJohn’sphoto.Wemisshimverymuch.He_______tryingtosaveagirl第2頁共20頁

intheearthquake.A.iskilledC.hasbeenkilled【答案】BB.waskilledD.hadbeenkilled【解析】試題分析：句意：這是約翰的照片，我們非常想念他，他在一個地震中試圖救一個女孩而喪生了。因?yàn)槭窃诘卣鹬邪l(fā)生的事情，屬于過去范疇，用一般過去式，還有he和kill是被動關(guān)系，用一般過去式的被動，所以選B?？键c(diǎn)：考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)11．Alexhasfinallybecomeanastronaut,__________allhisfishisdreamcareer.A.which【答案】A【解析】B.whoC.thatD.whom試題分析：句意：Alex最后終于成為一名宇航員，所有的家庭成員都認(rèn)為這是他夢想的事業(yè)。這里使用了非限制性定語從句，用which指代上文的內(nèi)容，在定語從句中which做主語，that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，所以選A?？键c(diǎn)：考查非限制性定語從句12．Theinformationconfirmsmeinthebelief__________he,aswellashiscoach,istoblame.A.whetherB.whyC.whichD.that【答案】D【解析】試題分析：句意:這個信息堅(jiān)定了我的信念是他和他的教練應(yīng)該負(fù)責(zé)任。這里使用同位語從句，同位詞是belief，that連接的同位語從句是對belief的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行說，明A.whether是否，B.why為什么，C.which哪個，所以選D?？键c(diǎn)：考查同位語從句13．Ahorriblethought_________himwhenhewaswaitingforTowhatiftheplanefromMalaysiahadbeenhijacked（劫持）?A.attackedB.struck【答案】BC.beatD.occurred【解析】試題分析：句意：當(dāng)他在機(jī)場等待湯姆的時(shí)候，突然有了一種可怕的想法，如果從馬來西亞的飛機(jī)被劫持怎么辦？strikesb.“某人突然想起?”，如果用occur，應(yīng)該是occurtosb.A項(xiàng)attack襲擊，beat擊敗，所以選B?？键c(diǎn)：考查動詞辨析14．Allthetravellingfare,unlessspecificallystated_________,includesadmissionchargestotheattractions,showsandexhibitionswevisitA.otherwiseB.likewiseC.thereforeD.still【答案】A【解析】試題分析：句意：所有的旅行費(fèi)用,除非另有特別規(guī)定,包括景點(diǎn)入場費(fèi),表演和我們參觀的展覽。這里用A.otherwise其他方面，否則，B.likewise同樣地，也，而且，C.therefore因此，D.still仍然，所以選A。第3頁共20頁考點(diǎn)：考查副詞辨析15．Thefamousactorkeepsfitandathleticby__________atthegymforanhoureverymorning.A.makingoutB.figuringoutC.workingoutD.turningout【答案】C【解析】試題分析：句意：這個著名的演員通過每天早上在體操房鍛煉一個小時(shí)保持健康健壯。四個選項(xiàng)的的含義分別是：A.makingout辨認(rèn)出，理解，B.figuringout弄明白，C.workingout制定出，鍛煉，D.turningout結(jié)果是，根據(jù)句意選C?？键c(diǎn)：考查動詞短語16．I’mhopingthatJohnwillletushavethecartonight;__________,I’mafraidwewon’tbeabletogoout.A.evenifB.ifsoC.whatifD.ifnot【答案】D【解析】試題分析：句意：我希望約翰今晚可以讓我們開車，如果不，恐怕今晚我們就不能出去了四個選項(xiàng)的含義分別是：A.evenif即使，B.ifso如果這樣的話，C.whatif倘若?又如何，D.ifnot如果不，ifnot=ifhewon’tletushavethecartonight;所以選D?？键c(diǎn)：考查狀語從句的省略17．______beinganoutstandingphysicianandscientist,hewasanaccomplishedwriterandagiftedartist.A.AsfarasB.AswellasC.AssoonasD.Aslongas【答案】B【解析】試題分析：句意：除了是一個杰出的物理學(xué)家和科學(xué)家，他還是一個成功的作家和一個有天賦的藝術(shù)家。用aswellas“除了”，asfaras“遠(yuǎn)至”，assoonas“一?就”，aslongas“只要”，所以選B?？键c(diǎn)：考查介詞短語18．EverybodysaysRebeccaandJohnisaperfectmatch;noonehaseverknown__________couple.A.abetterB.thebetter【答案】AC.abestD.thebest【解析】試題分析：句意：每個人都說Rebecca和John非常相配，沒有人知道比他們更好的一對了。這里使用否定詞和比較級連用，表示最高級的含義，所以選A。考點(diǎn)：考查否定詞和比較級連用19．—Ihadthecomputersrepairedyesterday.—Howmuchdidthey_________forthat?A.cost【答案】D【解析】B.spendC.takeD.charge試題分析：句意：--昨天我請人修了電腦。--他們要了多少錢？charge“要價(jià)，索價(jià)”，cost“花費(fèi)”主語是物，spend“花費(fèi)”主語是人，take“接受，拿”，所以選D。第4頁共20頁

考點(diǎn)：考查動詞辨析20．—DoyouthinkCatherinelikesFred?—__________.Theydon’tseemtogetonverywelltogether.A.ItdependsC.Iimaginenot【答案】CB.IhopesoD.Soundsreasonable【解析】試題分析：A.Itdepends那就看情況而定了，B.Ihopeso我希望是這樣，C.Iimaginenot我想象不會的，D.Soundsreasonable聽起來很合理。句意：--你認(rèn)為Catherinelikes喜歡Fred嗎？根據(jù)下文的---他們好像在一起相處的不融洽。可知選C?？键c(diǎn)：考查交際用語It’sasadandfamiliarvoicethatweoftenhearinbigcities:“Canyousparesomechange?”Usually,whenfacedwiththatparticular,IhavefeelingsofguiltifIpassbygivingacoinortwo.IhadthatfeelinginVenicewhileonatourofItaly’sfamoussitesin2006.Ihadtakenrefugefromtheinaquietcafé.Outside,therewasanoldwomankneelingonthehard,ancientpavingstones,.Steadyoftouristswerewalkingpasther.Ayoungbackpackerstoodawayfromthecrowd,drinkinginthevistas（景觀、景色）,butInoticedtheyoungtravelerwasalsotheoldwoman.Atouristgroupwalkedalongthestreet,thewomanandwalkedon.groupoftouristsarrivedandwalkedpasttheoldlady.Thebackpackerwatchedeverybodyelsewentontheirway,focusedonthearoundthem.Then,IwaspreparingtoleavewhenIcaughtsightofthebackpackersteppingforwardandsomemoneyinthewoman’scup.Hedidthissomewhatjustbeforethearrivalofanothertouristgroup.AsI,theleaderofthegroupstoppedandputsomemoneyinthecup.Havingbeenshowntheway,othertouristsfollowedsuitandsomemorecoinstothecup.Hisworkdone,theyoungmanwalkedovertotheoldbeggar-woman,pattedherontheshoulderandsaid,“Ihopethatalittle.”Idon’tknowifthewomanunderstoodhisEnglishorwhathadjusthappened,butIdid.Iplacedsomemoneyinthewoman’scupandcontinuedmytravels,afterwitnessingsuchaactofkindness.21．A.soundB.questionC.excuseD.command22．A.beyondB.afterC.withoutD.before23．A.manytimesB.sometimesC.onlyonceD.onceagain24．A.crowdsB.familiesC.streetsD.signs25．A.singingB.cryingC.beggingD.trembling26．A.streamsB.packsC.massesD.groups27．A.simplyB.seeminglyC.similarlyD.specially28．A.showingB.followingC.checkingD.observing第5頁共20頁29．A.glancedatB.laughedatC.rushedatD.staredatA.OneB.MoreC.Another31．A.ifB.sinceC.becauseD.asA.stonesB.sightsC.signsD.touristsB.borrowingC.placingD.taking30．D.Other32．33．A.lending34．A.accidentallyB.successfullyC.purposefullyD.cheerfully35．A.watchedB.shownC.understoodD.walked36．A.changedB.chargedC.foundD.added37．A.measuresB.helpsC.explainsD.matters38．A.recognizedB.caughtC.realizedD.figured39．A.pleasantB.annoyedC.disappointedD.light-hearted40．A.beautifulB.smartC.pureD.happy【答案】21．B22．C23．D24．A25．C26．A27．B28．D29．A30．C31．D32．B33．C34．C35．A36．D37．B38．C39．D40．B【解析】試題分析：作者經(jīng)常為自己沒有能夠幫助一些乞討的人感到內(nèi)疚，在威尼斯的一次經(jīng)歷讓他再次有了這種感覺，但是他也目睹了一個年輕的背包客的智慧的善舉。21．考查名詞辨析：A.sound聲音，B.question問題，C.excuse借口，D.command命令，精通，根據(jù)上文：“Canyousparesomechange?”可知是當(dāng)面臨這樣的問題，選B22．考查介詞辨析：A.beyond超過，在?前面，根據(jù)Ihavefeelingsofguilt可知作者覺很內(nèi)疚。選C組辨析：A.manytimes很多次，B.sometimes幾次，C.onlyonce只有一次，D.onceagain再一次，根據(jù)上文：IhavefeelingsofguiltifIpassby22givingB.after在?后面，C.without沒有，D.before如果走過去而沒有給一兩枚硬幣會感23．考查詞第6頁共20頁

acoinortwo.可知作者一直有這種感覺，這次在Venice又一次感受到這點(diǎn)。選D24．考查名詞辨析：A.crowds人群，B.families家庭，個安靜的咖啡店躲避人群，選AA.singing唱歌，B.crying哭，乞討，D.trembling顫抖，根據(jù)anoldwomankneelingonthehard,ancientpavingstones,可知這個老太乞討，選CC.streets街道，D.signs標(biāo)志，根據(jù)：inaquietcafé.可知作者在一25．考查動詞辨析：喊，C.begging請求，太是在26．考查名詞辨析：A.streams河流，小河，川，溪，潮流趨勢，傾向，（事件等的）連續(xù)，（財(cái)富等的）滾滾而來，流出，流注，一連串B.packs.群，包裹，（紙牌的）副，組C.masses大多，塊，堆，團(tuán)，流從她身邊走過，選AA.simply簡單地，似乎，C.similarly相似地，似乎在沉醉于景色。選B展示，B.following跟隨，C.checking檢查，大量，D.groups組，隊(duì)，不斷的有人27．考查副詞辨析：B.seeminglyD.specially特別地，一個背包客遠(yuǎn)離人群站著，28．考查動詞辨析：A.showingD.observing觀察，根據(jù)：Ayoungbackpackerstoodawayfromthecrowd,27drinvistas（景觀、景色）,可知這個年輕的游客也在觀察這個老太太，選D瞥見，B.laughedat嘲笑，C.rushedat猛沖，walkedon.可知一群游客是瞥了一下這個老太太然后繼29．考查動詞短語辨析：A.glancedatD.staredat凝視，根據(jù)續(xù)走，選A30．考查代詞辨析：前面說的是一群游客，這里是泛指另連詞辨析：A.if如果，B.since自從，C.because因?yàn)椋珼.as正如，當(dāng)?時(shí)候，當(dāng)其他每個人都在繼續(xù)走的時(shí)候，年輕的背包客在一看著，選DA.stones石頭，B.sights風(fēng)景，景象，C.signs標(biāo)志，D.tourists游客，這里指這個年輕的背包客專注于周圍的景象，選BA.lending借出，B.borrowing借進(jìn)，C.placing放置，D.taking我看見這個背包客走向前，在婦女的帽子里面放了一些錢，選CA.One一個，B.More更多，C.Another另一個，D.Other其他的，外一群，選C31．考查旁觀32．考查名詞辨析：33．考查動詞辨析：帶走，拿走，34．考查副詞辨析：A.accidentally偶然地，B.successfully成功地，C.purposefully他是故意在另外一群游客到來之前這么做的，選C觀察，B.shown展示，C.understood理解，D.walked就在我看著的時(shí)候，旅游團(tuán)的頭停下帽子里面放了一些錢，選AA.changed改變，B.charged要價(jià)，C.found發(fā)現(xiàn)，D.added增加，其他游客也效仿，在帽子里面加入了更多的錢，選DA.measures衡量，B.helps幫助，C.explains解釋，D.matters重要，根據(jù)上文的內(nèi)容，可知這個背包客的行為是想幫助這個老太太，選B認(rèn)出，識別出，B.caught抓住，C.realized意識到，D.figured理解，我不知道是否這個婦女理解了有目的地，D.cheerfully興奮地，35．考查動詞辨析：A.watched走，來，在36．考查動詞辨析：37．考查動詞辨析：38．考查動詞辨析：A.recognized他的英語或是意識到發(fā)生了什么，但是我懂的。選C39．考查形容詞辨析：A.pleasant令人愉快的，B.annoyed感到生氣的，C.disappointed感到失望的，D.light-hearted無憂無慮的，愉快的，在目睹了這樣的善舉后，我感到興趣很愉快，選D40．考查形容詞辨析：A.beautiful美麗的，B.smart聰明的，C.pure純粹的，D.happy快樂的，根據(jù)上文可知：這個年輕人所做的善舉也是運(yùn)用了一些智慧，選B?？键c(diǎn)：考查故事類完型填空Mysix-year-oldcamehomefromschoolthisweekwithtwoenvelop第7頁共20頁

donationtohelppeopleinthePhilippines.TheotherwastohelphungryfamilieshaveaThanksgivingmeal.“I’llputacheckineachofthese.Thenyoucanaddyourownmoneyfromyourpiggybank,okay?”Isaid,thinkinghe’dbesoexcitedtoputhisownstamponthings.“That’sokay,mom.Youputmoneyin.Idon’twanttowastemine,”hesweetlysangashecolored.“Iwanttofillmybankallthewayup.”Ack!IguessIknowwhatourdinnertimediscussionwillbeabouttonight,Ithought.Ihadfiguredthatthroughwatchinghisparentsdonateitems,helpingustaketoysfromtimetotimetoneedykidsandputtingmoneyinthebasketatchurch,hewouldjustunderstandwhyitwasimportanttohelppeopleinneed—andevenwanttodoithimself.Butofcoursehedoesn’treallyunderstandyet.“There’sabigdisconnectbetweenthepeople‘overthere’andmypiggybank,”saidparentingeducatorVickiHoefle.“There’snothingwrongwiththechild.There’sjustnoconnection.”Asforhavingthatconversationimmediately,orforcingmysontoputmoneyintotheenvelopes:“Trynottodoitnow,”Hoeflesaid.Teachingachildaboutdonatingtheirownmoneyortoysortimetopeopleinneed“intowhatwehopewillbeawayoflifeforourkids.”Shesuggestedthesethingstohelpchildrenunderstandtheimportanceofgiving:*Justtalkaboutit.Thenexploretheissuefromaperspectivehecanunderstand.*Usethecourseofayeartointroducekidstoopportunities.Thatway,theywon’tbeshockedwhenyouaskthemtostufftheirownmoneyintoanenvelope（likethiswriterjustdid）.shouldbeagentleintroduction*Pickafamilycharityfortheyearandhaveaconversationabouthowyouallcanhelpthroughouttheyear.*Thinkofthisnotassomethingyoumustteach,butassomethingtoexposethemto.Atherhouse,Hoeflesaid,“Whenyougotsomethingnew,yougavesomethingup.”Eachbirthday,herchildrenwouldpickwhattoystheyhadoutgrownandgivethemaway.“Therewasacomfortinit.Itjustbecameanaturalpartofthekids’lives.”SoIwillfillthoseenvelopesalonethistime.ButI’llmakesureheunderstandswhytheyshouldbefilled—gradually.41．Whenthewriteraskedhersontogivemoneytohelpthepoor,he__________.A.declinedtodonateB.sangasweetsongC.putallhismoneyinabankD.seemedverysurprised42．Hoefle’sattitudetowardschildren’sunwillingnesstodonatemoneycanbebestdescribedas“_______”.A.criticalB.tolerantC.positiveD.worried43．WhichofthefollowingisHoefle’sapproachtoeducatingkidsaboutcharity?A.Givingcoursesaboutcharity.B.Settingaruleforchildrentogive.C.Invitingalotofpoorpeoplehome.第8頁共20頁

D.Givingchildrenenoughreallifechances.44．Whatcanwelearnaboutthewriterfromthepassage?A.Sheoftenmakesdonationsforpeopleinneed.B.Shetaughthersonalessonoverdinnerthatevening.C.Sheisatalossasforwhatsheshoulddonext.D.Sheinvitedaparentingeducatorhomeforadvice.45．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Kids,pleasehelpthoseinneed.B.Whyarekidsunwillingtodonate?C.Kindnessislostintheyounggeneration.D.Howcanwehelpkidslearngenerosity?【答案】41．A42．B43．D44．A45．D【解析】試題分析：文章的作者通過自己兒子不愿意給別人捐零花錢的事情，想到教育專家Hoefle說的關(guān)于如果幫助孩子學(xué)會慷慨。41．細(xì)節(jié)題：從文章第三段的句子：“That’sokay,mom.Youputmoneyin.Idon’twanttowastemine,”hesweetlysangashecolored.“Iwanttofillmybankallthewayup.”可知作者讓兒子將儲蓄罐里面的錢捐出來一些，兒子卻拒絕了，選A。42．推理題:從第七段的句子：“There’snothingwrongwiththechild.There’sjustnoconnection.”可知Hoefle對于孩子不愿意捐贈錢的態(tài)度的容忍的，選B。43．推理題:從第八段的句子：Teachingachildaboutdonatingtheirownmoneyortoysortimetopeopleinneed“shouldbeagentleintroductionintowhatwehopewillbeawayoflifeforourkids.”可知Hoefle認(rèn)為教育孩子捐贈給有需要的人要給孩子足夠的生活的機(jī)會。選D。44．推理題:從第四段的句子：Ihadfiguredthatthroughwatchinghisparentsdonateitems,helpingustaketoysfromtimetotimetoneedykidsandputtingmoneyinthebasketatchurch,hewouldjustunderstandwhyitwasimportanttohelppeopleinneed—andevenwanttodoithimself.可知作者經(jīng)常給有需要的人捐東西，選A。45．標(biāo)題確定題：文章的作者通過自己兒子不愿意給別人捐零花錢的事情，想到教育專家所以選D。Hoefle說的關(guān)于如果幫助孩子學(xué)會慷慨。考點(diǎn)：考查教育類短文Cansoftwarebringdeadtonguesbacktolife?Probablyyes.Acomputeralgorithm（計(jì)算程序）worksalmostaswellasatrainedlinguist（語言學(xué)家）inreconstructinghowdead"protolanguages"wouldhavesounded,saysanewstudy."Ourcomputersystemisdoingabasicjobrightnow,"saysAlexBouchard-Ct?é,anassistantprofessorinthedepartmentofstatisticsattheUniversityofBritishColumbiaandleadauthorofthepaperdescribingthealgorithm.Buttheprogramdoes第9頁共20頁agoodenoughjobthatitmaybeabletogivelinguistsaheadstart,thestatisticianadded.Forcenturies,scholarshavereconstructedlanguagesbyhand:lookingatthesamewordintwoormorelanguagesandmakingeducatedguessesaboutwhatthatword's"ancestor"mayhavesoundedlike.Forexample,theSpanishwordforman（"hombre"）andtheFrenchwordforman（"homme"）developedfromtheLatinword"homo."Thewaylinguistscomparewordsfromdescendant（后代）languagestoreconstructtheparentlanguageiscalled,appropriately,thecomparativemethod.Theearly19th-centurylinguistFranzBoppwasthefirsttocompareGreek,LatinandSanskritusingthismethod.JacobGrimm,oneoftheBrothersGrimmoffairytalefame,usedthecomparativemethodtoshowhowGermaniclanguagesdevelopedfromacommonancestor.ThedifferencebetweenthatandBouchard-C?té'sprogram,thestatisticiansays,"iswedoitonalargerscale."Asaproofofconcept,Bouchard-C?téfedwordsfrom637Austronesianlanguages（spokeninIndonesia,thePhilippines,Malaysiaandmore）intothenewalgorithm,andthesystemcameupwithalistofwhattheancestorwordsofallthoselanguageswouldhavesoundedlike.Inmorethan85percentofcases,theautomatedreconstructioncamewithinonecharacteroftheancestorwordcommonlyacceptedastruebylinguists.Thealgorithmwon'treplacetrainedhumanlinguists,butcouldspeeduplanguageanalysis.Usingacomputertodolarge-scalereconstructionoffersanotheradvantage.Bouchard-C?tésays,“Withbigdatasets,youcanreallystartfindingregularities?Youmightfindthatcertainsoundsaremorelikelytochangethanothers."SoBouchard-C?té'steamtestedthe"functionalloadhypothesis（假設(shè)）thatsoundsthataremoreimportantfortwoclearlydifferentwordsarelesslikelytochangeovertime.Aformaltestofthishypothesisin1967lookedatfourlanguages;Bouchard-C?té'salgorithmlookedat637.,"whichsays"Therevealedpatternwouldnotbeobviousifwehadnotbeenabletoreconstructlargenumbersofprotolanguages,"Bouchard-C?téandhiscoauthorswriteinthenewstudy.Inadditiontosimplyhelpinglinguistsunderstandhowpeoplespokeinthepast,studyingancientlanguagescanperhapsanswerhistoricalquestions.Forexample,Bouchard-C?tésays,"SaypeopleareinterestedinfindingoutwhenEuropewassettled.Ifyoucanfigureoutifthelanguageofthesettlingpopulationhadawordforwheel,thenyoucangetsomeideaoftheorderinwhichthingsoccurred,becauseyouwouldhavesomerecordsthatshowyouwhenthewheelwasinvented.”46．Theunderlineword“protolanguages”inthefirstparagraphprobablyrefersto__________.A.thelanguagesthatcouldn’tbereconstructedbyhandB.parentlanguagesthatexistedinthepastC.languagesdevelopedfromacommonancestorD.languagesusedtoexplainthingsthatoccurredinthepast第10頁共20頁

47．Wecanlearnfromthefourthandfifthparagraphsthatthereconstructionof“protolanguage”byscholars__________.A.iscommonlyacceptedasfalseB.datesbacktothe19thcenturyC.focusesonEuropeanlanguagesD.isconductedusingthecomparativemethod48．AccordingtoBouchard-C?té,reconstructingthedead"protolanguages"might_______.A.arousepeople’sinterestinwhenEuropewassettledB.allowustofindanswerstosomehistoricalquestionsC.enableustopicturethewaylinguistscommunicatedD.helpfigureouthowthewheelwasinvented49．TheauthorprobablywantstoprovethecomputeralgorithmprogramledbyBouchard-C?té___________.A.willbringeverydeadlanguagebacktolifeB.cantaketheplaceoflinguistsinlanguageanalysisC.isofgreathelptopromotelanguageanalysiswithbigdatasetsD.canmerelyreconstructAsian-Pacific“protolanguages”【答案】46．B47．D48．B49．C【解析】試題分析：以前語言學(xué)家通過比較的方法研究以前失去的語言，現(xiàn)在由Bouchard-C?té帶領(lǐng)實(shí)施的計(jì)算程序可以進(jìn)行大量數(shù)據(jù)的語言分析，除了分析語言以外，這項(xiàng)調(diào)查還有助于解決很多歷史問題。46．猜詞題：根據(jù)第四段的句子：Thewaylinguistscomparewordsfromdescendant（后代）languagestoreconstructtheparentlanguageiscalled,appropriately,thecomparativemethod.可知“protolanguages”指的是過去人們說的語言，選B47．細(xì)節(jié)題：根據(jù)第四段的句子：Thewaylinguistscomparewordsfromdescendant（后代）languagestoreconstructtheparentlanguageiscalled,appropriately,thecomparativemethod.可知學(xué)者們重新構(gòu)建“protolanguages”是通過對比的方法，選D。48．細(xì)節(jié)題：從文章最后一段的句子：Inadditiontosimplyhelpinglinguistsunderstandhowpeoplespokeinthepast,studyingancientlanguagescanperhapsanswerhistoricalquestions.可知Bouchard-C?té所說,重新構(gòu)建已經(jīng)失去的原語言，讓我們找到一些歷史問題的答案，選B。49．寫作意圖題：從文章第六段的句子：ThedifferencebetweenthatandBouchard-C?té'sprogram,thestatisticiansays,"iswedoitonalargerscale."可知作者可能想證明由Bouchard-C?té帶領(lǐng)實(shí)施的計(jì)算程序?qū)τ诖龠M(jìn)大量數(shù)據(jù)的語言分析是很有用的。選C?？键c(diǎn)：考查科普類短文LONDON,Feb.18，2014（XinhuaNewsagency）—BritainwillsendexpertstoEast第11頁共20頁

China'sShanghaitolearnfromthecity'sexperienceinmathsteachinginanattempttoraisetheteachingstandards.BritishEducationMinisterElizabethTrussistoafact-findingmissiontoShanghai'sschoolsnexthavebecomethebestintheworldatmaths,togetafirst-handlookatmathsclassestoinvestigateandteachingmethodsthere,andparticularlywhytheperformanceofalmostallchildreninShanghaiishigh,regardlBritainwaslastyearplaced50thoutof148couEconomicForum'scompetitivenessrankinginqualityofmathsandscienceeducation.Twoyearsago,Shanghaitoppedthetablesfor2012internationalPISAmaths,whileEnglandwasrankedin26thplace.Thetopfivew15-year-oldsinShanghaijudgedtobethreeyearsTheeducationdepartmentsaid:"England'sperformwhileothercountrieshaveimprovedandovertakenus,includingPolandandGermany."Actually,itisthelateststepinthegovernmendritvo'seraisestandardsinmaths,lookingatwhathasmadeschoolsinthefarEastinteachingthesubject."Shanghaiisthetop-performingpartoftheworl—theirchildrenarestreetsahead.ShanghaiandSingaporehaveteachithatmakethedifference.Theyhaveabeliefthatability,"Trusssaid."Ournewcurriculumhasborrowedfromtheirsbecauseweknowitworks—earlylearningofkeyarithmetic,andafocudivision（長除法）,forinstance."Shewasdeterminedtochangethesituationasperformanceinmathsisweakeningthecountry'sskillsbaseandthreateningtheproductisemphasizingmathsbecauseoftheimportanceofgoodgradesinthesubjecttoyoungpeoplecompetingforgoodjobsinagloballaborgenerally.AneducationandskillssurveyreleasedbytheColastyearshowedthat30percentofemployersrestandardofschoolandcollegeleavers'numeracy.Morethantwo-thirdsofemployerssaidtheywantedbothmathsandsciencepromoted50．WhydoestheBritishgovernmentsendadelegatA.ToseehowchildrenfromrichfamilieshavebB.ToinvestigatewhytheperformanceofalmostC.Togetafirst-handlookatscienceclassesaD.ToraisetheteachingstandardsinmathsinB51．Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccorcompetitionresults?A.Britishstudentsperformedbetterin2013thaB.BritishstudentsdidbetterthanthestudentsC.ThestudentsfromSingaporedidbetterthantD.ThestudentsfromGermanydidbetterthanthe52．WhathasmadeschoolsinShanghamosstuccessfulinthteachingmat第12頁共20頁

eyeofTruss?A.Curriculumandteachingmethods.B.Teachingpracticesandapositivemind.C.Earlylearningofkeyarithmeticandtimestables.D.Afocusontimestablesandlongdivision.53．Howwillstudents’poorperformanceinmathsaffectthecountryeventually?A.Bythreateningthecountry'scompetitivenessofeconomy.B.Byweakeningthecountry'spoliticalsystem.C.Bylosinginternationalcompetitionsineducation.D.Byfailingtofindjobsinagloballabormarket.54．Whatcanweinferfromthenews?A.ThestudentsinBritaindon’tworkhardatMaths.B.Thestudentsinshanghaiarethesmartestintheworld.C.TheeducationofscienceinBritainisnobetterthanthatofmaths.D.MostBritishcitizensaredissatisfiedwithteachers’work.【答案】50．D51．C52．B53．A54．C【解析】試題分析：這是一篇新聞報(bào)道，報(bào)道了英國政府派專家代表團(tuán)來到上海學(xué)習(xí)先進(jìn)的數(shù)學(xué)教學(xué)方法，是為了提高英國的數(shù)學(xué)教學(xué)水平。因?yàn)樵趦纱螄H比賽中都是亞洲國家的學(xué)生表現(xiàn)比歐洲的學(xué)生要好，英國政府和人們已經(jīng)意識到數(shù)學(xué)差會對國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)競爭力造成威脅。50．細(xì)節(jié)題：從第一段的句子：BritainwillsendexpertstoEastChina'sShanghaitolearnfromthecity'sexperienceinmathsteachinginanattempttoraisetheteachingstandards.可知英國政府派代表團(tuán)來到上海是為了提高英國的數(shù)學(xué)教學(xué)水平。選D。51．細(xì)節(jié)題：從第二段的句子："Shanghaiisthetop-performingpartoftheworldformaths—theirchildrenarestreetsahead.ShanghaiandSingaporehaveteachingpracticesandapositivemindthatmakethedifference.可知從兩次的國籍比賽中新加坡的孩子比德國的孩子表現(xiàn)的好，選C。52．細(xì)節(jié)題：從文章第五段的句子："Shanghaiisthetop-performingpartoftheworldformaths—theirchildrenarestreetsahead.ShanghaiandSingaporehaveteachingpracticesandapositivemindthatmakethedifference.可知在Truss的眼中，讓上海在數(shù)學(xué)教學(xué)中最成功的是他們的教學(xué)方法和積極的思維，選B53．推理題：從倒數(shù)第二段的句子：Thegovernmentisemphasizingmathsbecauseoftheimportanceofgoodgradesinthesubjecttoyoungpeoplecompetingforgoodjobsinagloballabormarketandtotheeconomymoregenerally.可知學(xué)生的數(shù)學(xué)成績差會威脅到這個國家的經(jīng)濟(jì)的競爭力，選A。54．推理題：從文章最后一段的句子:Morethantwo-thirdsofemployerssaidtheywantedbothmathsandsciencepromotedmoreinschools.可知英國的科學(xué)教育和數(shù)學(xué)一樣差。注意這里的nobetterthan是“一樣差的”意思，選C。第13頁共20頁

考點(diǎn)：考查新聞報(bào)道類短文“Father,doyouseeMotherinyourdreams?”theyounggirlasks.“YouknowsometimesIdo.”“Mothercomestoseemealot,youknow.Wesitandtalk.”Thefathersmiles.“Howisyourhomeworkcomingalong?”“WhydoIhavetostudysohard?”“Itiswhatyourmotherwouldhavewanted!”Sheregretsspeakinghermind.“I’msorry,Father,Ishouldn’thavesaidthat.”Shelooksupandseeshiseyeswellupwithtears.“It’sokay,love,”hegetsupandpourshimselfadrink.“I’lljustsitoutsideforawhile.Youfinishupyourwork,okay?”“I’msorry,Father;Motherdidloveyouverymuch.Shetoldmeallthetime.”“Homework,first,eh?Thenwecanchataboutyourmother.”Heheadsoffoutsideandsitsinhisusualchair,lookingaroundthecourtyard.Thewholearearelaxesthemindandsomehowsoothesthesoul.“Allfinished,Father.MayIgetadrinkandsitwithyou?Ihavesomequestions.”Shecomeswithtwodrinksoneforhimandoneforherself.Helookssurprised.Sheneverreallylikedhimhavingadrink.Althoughhehadcutbackalotfrombeforehebroughtherhere,itstillseemedstrange.“Mothertoldmeallaboutyou.Thatisbeforeshepassedaway.Wewouldlaughtogetheratyourlovestories.”Helistenswithoututteringasinglesound.“Whydidn’tyoucomeandtakeherawaywithyou?Shereallywantedthat.Didyouknowthat?”Herfatherlooksathisdaughterlovingly.“Circumstancesweredifficultbackthen.Itwasjustthewaythingswere.Whenitcametimeto?”Hesighs.“Tovisitheritwastoolate.”Thegirlsmiles.“IhopeIwillhavethesamekindofloveyouandmotherhad.”“Withoutalltheheartache,”herfatheradds.“Shealwaysknewyoulovedher.Shetoldmeeveryday,”thechildmentionscheerfully.“Isawhercryingsometimeswhenshereadyourletters.”“Didshemakeyoupromisetolookafterme?”Sheinquires.“Sheaskedmetotakecareofyou.”“Youpromisedher,didn’tyou?”“Yes,Idid.”“Itisnice