2022-2023學年廣東省江門市金山中學高三英語下學期期末試卷含解析

2022-2023學年廣東省江門市金山中學高三英語下學期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.GeorgeWashingtoncouldhaveaddedfortunetofame,butcaringfor______,hefoundhappinessinbeinghelpfultotheworld.A.both

B.neither

C.either

D.none參考答案：B2.SubwayLine10,

intouseinJanuary2013,hasmadetravelinginBeijingeasier.A．havingbeenput

B．puttingC．beingput

D．put參考答案：D3.Johnwaiteduntilhegotbackhisbreathandcouldspeak

.A.normally

B.commonly

C.regularly

D.formally參考答案：A本題句意為“約翰等著直到他喘過氣來，能夠正常講話為止?！眓ormally正常地；強調(diào)達到正常的范圍和標準。Commonly常見地，普遍地，regularly，有規(guī)律地，formally正式地[考點定位]考查副詞的使用。4.It'simportanttolearnhowthewholesystemworks.Sometimes,________，it'sthedetailsthatinterestusthemost.A.therefore

B.meanwhile

C.furthermore

D.though參考答案：D略5.32．—Duringthewartime,he_

alotaboutwhathesawandheardinthebattlefield．

—Yes．Thecollectionofthestorieshasbeenpublishedandsellswell．

A．hadwritten

B．waswriting

C．hadbeenwriting

D．wrote參考答案：D略6.(2016·江蘇)Inartcriticism,youmustassumetheartisthasasecretmessage

________withinthework.A.tohide

B.hiddenC.hiding

D.beinghidden參考答案：B試題分析：考查分詞作定語。相當于定語從句thatishiddenwithinthework。A、C項表示主動含義，D項表示正在進行，與語境不符。故B項正確?！久麕燑c睛】過去分詞作定語，在語態(tài)上，表被動；在時間上，表示動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成，與它所修飾的名詞有邏輯（意義）上的動賓關(guān)系。過去分詞作定語表示動作在謂語動作之前發(fā)生，已經(jīng)完成并具有被動意義。作定語的過去分詞一般由及物動詞變來，因為只有及物動詞才有被動意義。如：1.Heisateacherlovedbyhisstudents.他是個很受學生愛戴的老師。

也有用不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語的情況，一般作前置定語，它不表示被動意義，只表示主動意義，強調(diào)動作完成。如：fallenleaves落葉

retiredworkers退休工人

therisensun升起的太陽

注意下面過去分詞作定語的幾種情況：

一、單個的過去分詞作定語一般放在被修飾的名詞之前，也可以放名詞后作后置定語，用以強調(diào)動作。如：

1.Weneededmuchmorequalifiedworkers.我們需要更多的合格的工人。

2.Myfriendisareturnedstudent.我的朋友是個歸國的留學生。

3.Theydecidedtochangethematerialused.他們決定更換使用的材料。二、過去分詞短語放在被修飾的名詞后面，作后置定語時，其作用相當于一個定語從句。如：Thestudentdressedinwhiteismydaughter.

="The"studentwhoisdressedinwhiteismydaughter.穿白色衣服的學生是我的女兒。三、如果被修飾的詞是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one所構(gòu)成的復合代詞或指示代詞those等時，過去分詞要放在被修飾詞的后面。如：ThereisnothingchangedheresinceIleftthistown.自從我離開這個城鎮(zhèn)以來，幾乎沒有什么變化。

7.I’llgiveyoumyfriend’shomeaddress______Icanbereachedmostevenings.A.which B.when C.whom D.where參考答案：D【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：我給你我朋友的家庭住址，晚上大部分時間在那里都能聯(lián)系到我。homeaddress為先行詞，在后面的定語從句中作地點狀語。故選D項。8.You’dbettermasterasmuchknowledgeaspossible;otherwise,you’llprobablyliveahardlifeasa______ofthis.A.concept

B.conquest

C.contact

D.consequence參考答案：D9.Althoughtheusedcarseemsingood____________,itcannotruntoofast.A.state

B.situation

C.condition

D.occasion

參考答案：C10.______theirfinalmedicalcheck,theastronautsthenboardedtheirspacecraft.

A.Received

B.Havingreceived

C.Toreceive

D.Beingreceived參考答案：B11.Themoneyhespentwithinamonth_________morethan1,000dollars.A.added

B.addedto

C.addedupto

D.wasaddedup參考答案：C略12.Ms.Barbarashowed______patience,kindnessandgentlenesstous,thoughmanyofuswereverynaughtyandtroublesome.

A.extreme

B.determined

C.generous

D.frequent參考答案：A13.Everyyear,billionsofdollarsarespentonspacetravel.Isthatright_______millionsofpeoplearehungryhereonEarth?

A.where B.when C.that D.what參考答案：B14.________isknowntoallisthateffectivemeasuresshouldbetakentodealwiththeproblemoftheover-exploitingofourresources.

A.It

B.What

C.As

D.Which參考答案：B

考查名詞性從句。分析題干結(jié)構(gòu)“

isknowntousall”是主語從句，從句中缺少主語，what引導主語從句，在從句中作主語。如果選it，需去掉all后的is;如果選as;需去掉isthat。句意為“眾所周知，面對過度開發(fā)資源的問題，我們應該采取有效的措施?！薄窘虒W啟示】相似句型的混淆。as作為關(guān)系代詞引導的非限制性定語從句位于主句之前時，從句與主句之間要用逗號隔開。It作為形式主語將that引導的主語從句后置時，that常常不能省。15.Someofthemholdthebeliefthatthepresentgenerationhas

rejectedthebeliefsoftheirparents.

A．eventually

B．heavily

C．largely

D．completely參考答案：C16.

thesesuggestionswillhelpyoubecomemorecooperativeandachievemore．

A．Followed

B．Following

C．Tofollow

D．Beingfollowed

參考答案：B二、完型填空17.閱讀下面短文，從所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。IhadbeeninsidetheprisoncalledGanderHillseveraltimesalreadybythetimeImetRayinthespringof1993.Myfatherworkedtherewithagroup,

51

inmates(犯人)toimprovetheircommunicationandspeakingskills.Iwasaseniorin

52

,majoringinspeechcommunications,and

53

IstartedmyownvolunteerstudentgroupatGanderHill.Teachingcommunication

54

gettingpeopletotelltheirstories,butRaycouldtellyouhowmuchhe

55

playinghisguitarwithoutspeaking.Sometimeshemovedhishandsacrosstheairasifhewereplayinghisfavoritebluesscale.Healwaysgavemeaslight

56

whenhesawmecomeintothesmallchurchforthemeeting.Heloved

57

hisguitarstories.AlthoughhehadbeenaninmateatGanderHillforoveradecade,healwayshadasonginhishead,

58

，onethathesaidhehadbeenwritinginhismindsincehis

59

.Helookedforwardtoplayingagainthe

60

achildcountsthedaysuntilsummervacation.Whenmygroup

61

establisheditselfatGanderHill,themenwere

62

anightofcelebrationtowhichtheycould

63

oneortwofamilymembers.ThenightofthecelebrationwasjustlikeChristmasforthem.Theygatheredwiththeir

64

ones,whomtheyhadnotseenortouchedforseveralmonthsorlonger.

65

hisfamilylivedinfarawayTexas,noonecametothecelebrationasRay's

66

,buthewaitedpatientlyformetoarrive.Asherehearsedhissonginhishead,Iwalkedintotheprisonwitha

67

.Raytunedthatguitar

68

hewereputtinghislifebackintoharmony.Ihaveneverheardaguitartunedlikethatbeforeorsince.Helookedatme

69

hisshoulderandnoddedathank-youbeforebringinghissongtolifeontheguitar.IwatchedRay'sfingers

70

acrossthestringsasiftheywerehimself,runningfree.Andforthosemoments,hewas.

51.A.asking

B.teaching

C.ordering

D.permitting52.A.college

B.prison

C.seminar

D.church53.A.gradually

B.usually

C.constantly

D.eventually54.A.promises

B.means

C.shows

D.connects55.A.hated

B.regretted

C.missed

D.disliked56.A.nod

B.signal

C.impression

D.whistle57.A.practising

B.playing

C.sharing

D.handling58.A.inshort

B.inpublic

C.invain

D.in

particular59.A.arrival

B.moment

C.past

D.birthday60.A.means

B.way

C.approach

D.method61.A.hardly

B.suddenly

C.formally

D.formerly62.A.forbidden

B.allowed

C.relaxed

D.promised63.A.follow

B.accompany

C.invite

D.require64.A.interested

B.educated

C.surprised

D.loved

65.A.Since

B.While

C.Although

D.Unless66.A.expert

B.sponsor

C.guest

D.owner67.A.violin

B.magazine

C.flower

D.guitar68.A.eventhough

B.asif

C.aslongas

D.aswellas69.A.through

B.across

C.over

D.under70.A.jump

B.tremble

C.gesture

D.dance參考答案：BADBC

ACDAB

CBCDA

CDBCD略三、閱讀理解18.USscientistssaytheyhavepouredcoldwateronthetheorythatwashinghandswithhotwaterkillsmoregerms(細菌)thanunheatedwater.Thesmallstudyof20peoplefoundusingwaterat15C(59F)lefthandsascleanaswaterheatedto38C(100F).NationalHealthService(NHS)recommendsthatpeoplewashtheirhandsineithercoldorwarmwater.Inthisstudy,scientistsatRutgersUniversity-NewBrunswickwantedtofindoutifpopularassumptionsaboutthebenefitsofwarmorhotwaterandofficialguidanceonhotwater—giventothefoodindustryintheUS-heldtrue.Theyasked20peopletowashtheirhands20timeseachwithwaterthatwas15C(59F),26C(79F)or38degrees(100F).Volunteerswerealsoaskedtoexperimentwithvaryingamountsofsoap.Beforetheystartedthetests,theirhandswerecoveredinharmlessbugs.Researcherssaytherewasnodifferenceintheamountofbugsremovedasthetemperatureofthewaterortheamountofsoapchanged.ProfDonaldSchaffnersaid:“Peopleneedtofeelcomfortablewhentheyarewashingtheirhandsbutasfaraseffectivenessgoes,thisstudyshowsusthatthetemperatureofthewateruseddidnotmatter.”However,theresearchersaccepttheirstudyissmallandsaymoreextensiveworkisneededtodeterminethebestwaystoremoveharmfulbacteria.IntheUK,NHSexpertssaypeoplecanusecoldorhotwatertowashtheirhands.Theysayhandsshouldbewashedforatleast20secondsandstresstheimportanceofusingenoughsoaptocoverthewholesurfaceofthehands.Theirguidancefocusesonrubbinghandstogetherinvarious.waystomakesureeachsurfaceofeachhandisclean.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“pouredcoldwater”inParagraph1probablymean?A.Proved.

B.Created.C.Contradicted.

D.Accepted.13.Aftertheywashedtheirhandswitheitherhotorcoldwater,

.A.volunteersnearlyhadthesameamountofgermremovedB.volunteersalltalkedaboutAmericanfoodindustryC.volunteersstillhadmuchgermontheirhandsD.volunteersalldidn’tfeelverycomfortable14.Howdoresearchersfeelabouttheirstudy?A.Itispopular.

B.Itisincomplete.C.Itisconvincing.

D.Itisabstract.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.UsingColdWaterInsteadofHotWaterB.HowtoUseColdWatertoWashHandsC.ItIsBettertoWashHandsinColdWaterD.WashingHandsinColdWaterasGoodasinHotWater參考答案：12.C

13.A

14.B

15.D【分析】本文為說明文。用熱水洗手比須知冷水洗手殺死的細菌更多嗎？美國科學家對此進行了實驗論證，得出的結(jié)論是用熱水或用冷水洗手或肥皂量的多少，去除的細菌數(shù)量沒有差別，一樣好?！?2題詳解】猜測詞義題。根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，針對理論“用熱水洗手比用未加熱的水洗手殺死更多的細菌”進行的實驗論證。在第二段最后一句“.Researcherssaytherewasnodifferenceintheamountofbugsremovedasthetemperatureofthewaterortheamountofsoapchanged.”隨著水溫或肥皂量的變化，去除的細菌數(shù)量沒有差異。由此可知是對上述理論的反駁，故可推斷出“pouredcoldwater”意為“潑冷水”。即為“反駁”之意，故選C項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的內(nèi)容可知，關(guān)于熱火是否比冷水洗手殺死的細菌多，研究者讓20人用不同水溫洗手，志愿者還被要求用不同量的肥皂進行實驗。在他們開始測試之前，他們的手上覆蓋著無害蟲子。研究人員表示，隨著水的溫度或肥皂的變化，去除的臭蟲數(shù)量沒有差別。由此可知，用熱水事冷水洗手的志愿者手上的去除的細菌一樣多。分析選項可知A項正確?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“theresearchersaccepttheirstudyissmallandsaymoreextensiveworkisneededtodeterminethebestwaystoremoveharmfulbacteria.”研究人員承認他們的研究規(guī)模很小，并且說需要更廣泛的工作來確定去除有害細菌的最佳方法。由此可推斷出這個研究是不完整的（incomplete），故選B項。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。在文章的第一段提出了用熱水洗手去除的細菌比冷水洗手去除的多提出了質(zhì)疑，并且進行了實驗。最后得出了結(jié)論是沒有什么區(qū)別的。因此D項為最佳標題。故選D項?！军c睛】選擇標題在英語閱讀理解中屬于主旨大意題，是一種深層理解題。要求考生在通讀全文的基礎上，認真分析文章大意及作者的寫作意圖。通常情況下，標題要有根據(jù)性，針對性和醒目性的特點。所謂概括性，就是指標題應最大程度上覆蓋全文，囊括文章的主要內(nèi)容，體現(xiàn)文章的主題。針對性就是對標題外延的一種界定，標題要直接指向文章的主要特點。而醒目性是為了吸引了讀者的注意，喚起讀者對文章閱讀的興趣。確定最佳標題的方法。在閱讀文章時，要注意文章中反復出現(xiàn)的或強調(diào)的信息，尋找與文章大多數(shù)內(nèi)容相關(guān)的信息。找出覆蓋全文的核心詞匯，看選項內(nèi)容是否切中文章的中心論題。也就是要看選項內(nèi)容與作者的寫作目的是否一致。尋找文章的主題句。文章主要論題的關(guān)鍵是找到文章的主題句。主題句通常在文章的首段，也可能在文章的末段，在文章的某一段落，或分散在文章的各個段落中。如果每個段落都有主題句，那么把各段落的主題句的中心集中起來，即為全文的主題句。如第4小題，在文章的第一段提出了用熱水洗手去除的細菌比冷水洗手去除的多提出了質(zhì)疑，并且進行了實驗。最后得出了結(jié)論是沒有什么區(qū)別的。因此D項為最佳標題。19.

JasonSwencki’sson,Kody,wasdiagnosedwithtypediabetesatsix.Fatherandsonvisittheonlinechildren'sforums(論壇)togethermostevenings."Kodygetssoexcited,writingtokidsfromallover,"saysSwencki,oneofthesite'svolunteers."Theyknowwhathe'sgoingthrough,sohedoesn'tfeelalone."Kodyisanythingbutalone:DiabetesisnowtheseventhleadingcauseofdeathintheUnitedStates,with24milliondiagnosedcases.Andmorepeoplearebeingdiagnosedatyoungerages.

Thesedays,Thomas'smainfocusishischarity（慈善機構(gòu)）,FightIt,whichprovidesmedicinesandsuppliestopeople—225to