數(shù)字圖像分析及應(yīng)用課件

網(wǎng)絡(luò)多媒體小組數(shù)字圖像分析及應(yīng)用實(shí)例2023/9/29網(wǎng)絡(luò)多媒體小組2內(nèi)容提要2023/9/292數(shù)字圖像概念數(shù)字圖像分析原理步驟數(shù)字圖像分析應(yīng)用實(shí)例2023/9/29網(wǎng)絡(luò)多媒體小組3數(shù)字圖像概念2023/9/293數(shù)字圖像：將模擬圖象通過采樣離散化得到數(shù)字圖像，便于計(jì)算機(jī)處理。2023/9/29網(wǎng)絡(luò)多媒體小組4介紹常見詞像素RGB灰色圖像彩色圖像2023/9/29網(wǎng)絡(luò)多媒體小組5像素像素：組成數(shù)字圖像的元素。每一個(gè)像素的坐標(biāo)對(duì)應(yīng)特定的圖像網(wǎng)格位置。像素的數(shù)值反映圖像中對(duì)應(yīng)位置的亮度。像素2023/9/29網(wǎng)絡(luò)多媒體小組6RGB顏色空間之一--RGB藍(lán)青品紅紅黑白綠黃歸一化的RGB顏色立方圖2023/9/29網(wǎng)絡(luò)多媒體小組7灰度圖像（單色圖像）每個(gè)像素的亮度用一個(gè)數(shù)值來表示，通常數(shù)值范圍在0到255之間（一個(gè)字節(jié)），0表示黑、255表示白，而其它表示灰度。255200100500125,153,158,157,127,0,103,120,129,144,144,150,150,147,150,160,165,160,164,16,67,175,175,166,133,133,154,158,100,116,120,97,74,54,4,118,146,148,150,145,157,164,157,158,162,165,171,155,115,88,155,163,95,112,123,101,137,108,81,71,63,137,142,146,152,159,161,159,154,138,81,78,84,114,167,69,85,59,65,43,85,34,69,78,104,101,117,132,134,149,160,165,158,143,114,99,57,45,51,57,54,46,38,44,38,36,44,36,25,48,115,113,114,124,135,152,168,169,156,75,43,39,41,38,42,41,58,30,44,35,28,69,144,147,57,60,93,106,119,124,131,144,175,177,63,30,30,124,139,65,31,39,

61,35,75,51,66,58,167,177,153,58,80,95,108,120,133,155,182,137,84,74,54,61,149,96,36,29,115,71,84,105,6,136,172,175,128,126,114,106,109,115,127,169,187,105,102,5,117,120,131,148,144,113,112,109,115,128,162,193,143,132,124,110,131,97,53,66,129,123,128,114,108,115,102,121,129,125,113,112,111,111,127,162,192,150,129,117,112,107,64,67,73,131,125,112,105,95,88,33,139,132,127,128,134,136,144,140,141,113,120,114,115,122,154,188,159,143,6,138,143,145,138,143,143,141,144,129,118,119,115,112,120,152,186,165,150,139,128,117,109,104,93,140,146,147,145,150,154,147,149,143,132,127,124,117,112,117,142,184,171,144,139,129,119,114,112,100135,143,145,151,150,143,146,142,139,131,131,127,119,115,114,140,190,177,141,135,133,121,120,115,102128,137,141,149,150,148,143,141,136,128,120,122,116,109,116,136,182,182,140,135,130,124,116,109,100131,132,141,143,148,147,143,140,134,125,116,117,108,109,120,130,171,185,133,132,127,120,117,110,36,131,139,136,140,141,140,136,132,121,114,117,109,106,112,130,163,192,130,126,131,132,132,136,140,134,135,128,117,110,113,111,110,112,129,151,196,155,130,127,120,115,103,64,127,132,130,128,134,134,140,132,126,110,102,117,118,114,112,121,152,195,165,123,128,117,115,96,36,123,131,127,129,132,133,134,131,127,112,109,117,114,116,107,116,145,172,12023/9/29網(wǎng)絡(luò)多媒體小組8彩色圖像（255,0,0）（0,255,0）（0,0,255）（123,20,12）（12,135,67）(207,137,130)(220,179,163)(215,169,161)(210,179,172)(210,179,172)(207,154,146)(217,124,121)(226,144,133)(226,144,133)(224,137,124)(227,151,136)(227,151,136)(226,159,142)(227,151,136)(230,170,154)(231,178,163)(231,178,163)(231,178,163)(236,187,171)(236,187,171)(239,195,176)(239,195,176)(240,205,187)(239,195,176)(231,138,123)(217,124,121)(215,169,161)(216,179,170)(216,179,170)(207,137,120)(159,51,71)(189,89,101)(216,111,110)(217,124,121)(227,151,136)(227,151,136)(226,159,142)(226,159,142)(237,159,135)(237,159,135)(231,178,163)(236,187,171)(231,178,163)(236,187,171)(236,187,171)(236,187,171)(239,195,176)(239,195,176)(236,187,171)(227,133,118)(213,142,135)(216,179,170)(221,184,170)(190,89,89)(204,109,113)(204,115,118)(189,85,97)(159,60,78)(136,38,65)(160,56,75)(204,109,113)(227,151,136)(226,159,142)(237,159,135)(227,151,136)(230,170,154)(231,178,163)(230,170,154)(231,178,163)(231,178,163)(236,187,171)(239,195,176)(230,170,154)(204,109,113)(178,73,83)(216,179,170)(220,188,176)(190,77,84)(206,95,97)(217,113,113)(189,85,97)(226,144,133)(207,91,94)(170,56,72)(159,51,71)(150,47,67)(172,63,78)(226,144,133)(226,144,133)(227,151,136)(226,159,142)每個(gè)像素的亮度用一個(gè)一維向量來表示，各元素分別表示R、G、B通道，數(shù)值范圍在0到255之間。數(shù)字圖像分析原理及步驟2023/9/29網(wǎng)絡(luò)多媒體小組9預(yù)處理圖像分割特征提取對(duì)象識(shí)別2023/9/29網(wǎng)絡(luò)多媒體小組10預(yù)處理消除模糊圖像去噪圖像增強(qiáng)水平矯正圖像分割的方法1.基于邊緣的分割方法

先提取區(qū)域邊界，再確定邊界限定的區(qū)域。2.區(qū)域分割

確定每個(gè)像素的歸屬區(qū)域，從而形成一個(gè)區(qū)域圖。3.區(qū)域生長(zhǎng)

將屬性接近的連通像素聚集成區(qū)域2023/9/29網(wǎng)絡(luò)多媒體小組11基于邊緣的分割方法邊緣檢測(cè)算子（如梯度算子）檢測(cè)出邊緣，再利用光柵跟蹤或全向跟蹤將邊緣像素連成線2023/9/29網(wǎng)絡(luò)多媒體小組12區(qū)域分割利用顏色灰度值判斷某一像素點(diǎn)是否屬于某特定區(qū)域2023/9/29網(wǎng)絡(luò)多媒體小組13T（閾值）的確定取決于顏色分布直方圖2023/9/29網(wǎng)絡(luò)多媒體小組14區(qū)域分割區(qū)域生長(zhǎng)選定某一像素點(diǎn)，并規(guī)定相似性判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，如果相鄰像素點(diǎn)的相似度達(dá)到要求，就將區(qū)域有這一點(diǎn)向相鄰點(diǎn)生長(zhǎng)。直到所有相鄰點(diǎn)都不符合相似性要求。2023/9/29網(wǎng)絡(luò)多媒體小組15對(duì)象識(shí)別方法模板匹配法神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)法2023/9/29網(wǎng)絡(luò)多媒體小組16模板匹配2023/9/29網(wǎng)絡(luò)多媒體小組17模板輸入圖像2023/9/29網(wǎng)絡(luò)多媒體小組18數(shù)字圖像分析應(yīng)用實(shí)例軍事公安方面

指紋識(shí)別人臉鑒別交通監(jiān)控生物醫(yī)學(xué)工程方面

CT技術(shù)癌細(xì)胞識(shí)別心電圖分析航天和航空技術(shù)方面

飛機(jī)遙感衛(wèi)星遙感資源勘察……2023/9/2918人臉識(shí)別2023/9/29網(wǎng)絡(luò)多媒體小組19模板匹配法人臉識(shí)別2023/9/29網(wǎng)絡(luò)多媒體小組20待識(shí)別圖像：圖像庫(kù)中圖像：相似性度量準(zhǔn)則有：歸一