地下水修復(fù)詳解課件

Groundwaterremediation地下水修復(fù)Contents123IntroductionPhysicalRemediationChemicalRemediation4Bioremediation5Combinedremediation6DiscussionandSummary1.IntroductionReasonsforGroundwaterpollutionIndustrialwastewaterdischargedContaminatedsurfacewaterinvadesundergroundaquifer

pollutedwater1.IntroductionComponentsinthepollutedgroundwaterPhenol（酚）

chromium（鉻）

mercury（汞）arsenic（砷）radioactivesubstances（放射性物質(zhì)）bacteriaandorganicmattersAsyoubrew,somustyoudrinkNOWATER!NOFood!NOLife!1.IntroductionClassificationof

groundwaterremediationtechnologyPhysicalmethodChemicalmethodBiologicalmethod（Bioremediation）Combinedremediationtechnology

Physicalremediation

(物理修復(fù)技術(shù))AirSparging(AS)(曝氣修復(fù)技術(shù)）

ElectrokineticRemediation(ER)(電動修復(fù)技術(shù)）12SectionheaderSectionheaderSectionheaderSectionheaderDefinitionAirSparging，AS(曝氣修復(fù)技術(shù)）Airsparging(AS)isaninnovativegroundwaterremediationtechnologywhichhasbeenfirstlyusedinGermanyinthemiddle1980storemovevolatileorganiccompounds(VOCs).(揮發(fā)性有機物）Becauseofitspropertiesofin-situ,efficiencyandeconomy,AShasbecominganimportanttechnologytoremediateorganicpollution.ASsystemDefinitionSectionheaderSectionheaderSectionheaderSystemTwoProcesses:Aeration曝氣:Airisinjectedintothesaturatedzonebelowornearacontaminantplume.Masstransfer傳質(zhì)

:

Astheairrisetothesurface,dissolvedandnonaquousphaseorganicchemicalsvolatilizeintotheairandareremovedfromthegroundwater.（揮發(fā)、遷移擴散、生物降解）HydrogeologicalcharacteristicsofgroundwaterAerationoperatingcharacteristicsaerationpatternsComponentsandnatureofpollutantsSectionheaderSectionheaderAdvantagesSectionheaderSectionheader

AdvantagesandinfluencingfactorssimpleequipmenteasytooperateShorttreatment

timeandhighspeed（1-3years）SmallinvestmentSectionheaderSectionheaderSectionheaderresearchSectionheaderKeytechniqueresearch:ThreeapproachesareemployedintheexistingmodelstopredictthefatesofVOCsinthegasandliquidphasesduringairspargingofgroundwaterinthesaturatezone.

(AS多相流動過程中氣液流動以及污染物傳質(zhì)過程的模型研究是AS技術(shù)的關(guān)鍵因素)Models:Lumpedparametermodels（集中參數(shù)模型）multiphasefluidflowmodels（分布式多相流流動模型）ResearchSituationsSectionheaderSectionheaderSectionheaderSectionheaderdefinitionERisanenvironment-friendlyandhighlyefficientin-situtechniquethatmakeuseofelectrokinesistoremovethepollutantsfromthesoilandgroundwater.電動修復(fù)技術(shù)是利用電動效應(yīng)將污染物從土壤和地下水中去除的原位修復(fù)技術(shù)。ElectrokineticRemediation

（電動修復(fù)）

BeingusedtoremovetheheavymetalssuchasArsenic(砷）、cadmium（鎘）、chromium（鉻）、mercury（汞）、lead（鉛）.Theremovalefficiency：80%～95%.References[1]FANWei，YANGYuesuo，CHENLi.Progressinairspargingforgroundwaterremediationtechnique[J].Waterresourcesprotection.[2]HULi-ming,LIUYi.Physicalmodelingofair-spargingtechniqueforgroundwaterremediation[J].ChineseJournalofGeotechnicalEngineering.[3]SUNHUI.Technologyofelectrodynamicrenovationofheavy–metalpollutedgroundwater[J].[4]HUHong-tao.ExperimentoncombinedelectrokineticremediationwithPRBofcadmiumcontaminatedgroundwater[J].ChineseJournalofEnvironmentalEngineering.

principle:makeuseofthetechnologyofchemistrytheoryin-situchemicaloxidation，IS-COorganicclaymethodelectro-chemicalpowerremediationtechnologyChemicalremediationtechnology

In-situchemicaloxidation，IS-COchlorinedioxideoxidationoxidizeorganicpollutants，andnochloroformandorganochlorineyieldFentonagentoxidationworkcooporatingwithhydrogenperoxide，efficientlyandquickly.

potassiumpermanganateoxidation（高錳酸鉀氧化）appliedinawiderangeofpHozone-gasoxidationstrongeroxidbillity，socanoxidizemacromoleculesoforganic

polycyclicmatter.

In-situchemicaloxidation，IS-CODiagramofin-situchemicaloxidationDigramofin-situairinjectionmethodOrganicclaytechnologyPrinciple:theclaycontainedinsoilandwatercarrierandsurfactantthatisinjectedinundergroundcancomeintobeingorganicclaymineral,whichcanadsorbandstableorganicpollutants,andwillremovegroundwatercontaminationcoordinatingwithbiodegradation.DigramoforganicclaytechnologyElectro-chemicalpowerremediationtechnologyAnewtechnologymakinguseofthepropertiesofsoilandelectrodnamicsofpollutioncanremedytheenviroment.Principle:insertelectrodesintopollutedwaterandthentheywillgenerateelectricfieldafterchargedelectricity.Electricfieldwilldriveionsandparticlestotheareathattheywillbetreated.Digramofthemechanism

ofelectrodynamicsCharacteristicsofthreekindsofchemicalmethods

技術(shù)名稱優(yōu)點缺點原位化學(xué)氧化法適用于處理難生物降解的有機污染物；處理時間較短、能耗較低且安裝過程較簡便可能破壞生態(tài)環(huán)境、處理成本較高有機粘土法原理簡單，易操作、成本低、吸附效果好；固定污染物效果明顯；永久消除地下水污染對初期生物降解速率比較緩慢電化學(xué)動力修復(fù)技術(shù)不對當(dāng)?shù)赝寥澜Y(jié)構(gòu)和地下所處的生態(tài)境產(chǎn)生影響；投資少、效率高；安裝操作容易；不受當(dāng)?shù)厮牡刭|(zhì)條件限制適用于污染范圍較小的區(qū)域；對吸附性不強的有機污染物修復(fù)效果不會太理想BioremediatiointechnologyPrinciple:Itchangestoxicorganicstonon-toxicorganicsbyorganisms（plants、animalsandprotozoans）culturedornaturally.Themainmethodisin-situbioremediationtechnology.ThetechnologyusuallytreatsthepollutedwaterinzoneofsaturationundergroundAdvantagesinsitumeasurement,lowcostOrganicmatterisdecomposedintocarbondioxideandwater,nosecondarypollution;ThedegradationprocessisquickImpactFactorCarbonandenergysourceMicrobialspeciesLocalmicrobial（土著微生物）、

Foreignmicroorganisms（外來微生物）、

Geneticallyengineeredbacteria（基因工程菌）ElectronacceptorDOisakeyfactorintheinsitubioremediationprocessunderaerobicconditions（好氧條件，DO是關(guān)鍵因素）

NutrientsN,P,Sandmetalelements,aminoacids,vitaminsandsoon。營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)N、P、S和金屬元素，氨基酸、維生素等Environmentalfactorstemperature,pH,salinity,etc環(huán)境因素溫度、PH、鹽度等DiagramofBiologicalinjectionCombinedremediationtechnologyPermeableReactiveBarrier滲透性反應(yīng)屏修復(fù)技術(shù)，簡稱PRB技術(shù)Pump-and-Treat抽出-處理技術(shù)airsparging-soilvaporextraction注氣-土壤氣相抽提技術(shù),簡稱SVE技術(shù)PermeableReactiveBarrierThepermeablereactivebarriers(Permeablereactivebarriers,PRB)isafilledwithactivereactionmediumpassivereactionzone,pollutantbyreactionwithmediumadsorptionsedimentationfiltrationdegradationandremovalfromgroundwater.AccordingtostatisticsintheUnitedStatesonlyin200150unitswerebuiltinPRB,Germanyhassetup9PRB.IntheChinesePRBtechnologyresearchhasjuststarted,theoriginalityoftheresearch.PermeableReactiveBarrierTherearepromising,butthedevelopmenttimeisnotlong,technologyisnotmatureenough,processingavarietyofcontaminantsisstillverylimited.Broadapplicationprospects,butsofar,Chinahasyettousethistechniquetoperformon-sitewastewatertreatmentpump-and-treatsystemsToday,pump-and-treatsystemsarenolongerconsideredthebestormostpopularchoiceamonggroundwaterremediationsystemsbecauseofthetimerequiredtoachievecleanupgoalsandtheineffectivenessofthesystemButtheyarestilluseful,especiallyinareaswithsignificantcontamination(Moyersetal.,1997;IllangasekareandReible,2001;Bayeretal.,2002)pump-and-treatsystemsPump-and-treatsystemscanbedesignedtomeettwodifferentobjectives:

preventthecontaminantfromspreading

removethecontaminantmass(Suthersan,1997;IllangasekareandReible,2001;Bayeretal.,2002)P&T在處理各類污染物應(yīng)用的頻率P&Tintreatmentoftrichloroethyleneremovalratecanreach90%,significanteffect,iscurrentlythemainmethodoftreatmentoftrichloroethylenesoilvaporextractionSVEtechnologyistheuseofphysicalmethodsforremovingunsaturatedorganiccompoundsinthesoil,vacuumequipmenttogeneratenegativepressuretodriveairtoflowintotheporesofthesoil,thusentrainingVOCflowextractionsystem,extractiontothegroundafterthecollectionandprocessing.Itisanewkindofsoilinsituremediationtechnology,becauseofitspetroleumcontaminatedsoilandgroundwatermanagementeffectivenessandextensivesex,makeitbecomeakindofstandardofenvironmentalremediationtechnologies.soilvaporextractionSVErepaireffectofinfluencingfactorsSoilPermeability土壤的滲透性soilmoistureandgroundwaterdepth土壤濕度及地下水深度soilstructureandstratification土壤結(jié)構(gòu)和分層vaporextractionflowandDarcyvelocity氣相抽提流量和Darcy流速steampressureandtemperature蒸汽壓和環(huán)境溫度張蕾5、DiscussionandSummarysomeheavymetalwillcausephysicaldiseaseMostotherorganicpollutantscancausecancer,teratogenesis,mutation.Urbansewageandwasteleachatecontainaloto