新教材適用2024版高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)練案10必修第二冊Unit4HistoryAndTraditions

練案[10]必修第二冊UNIT4HISTORYANDTRADITIONSⅠ.閱讀理解A(2023·遼寧省大連市雙基測試)LonelyPlanetNamestheBestDestinationsfor2022NepalIt'snearlyimpossibletodiscussNepalwithouttalkingaboutMountQomolangma.ButthisHimalayannationhassomuchmoreonofferfortravelerswhoaren'tclimbingtheworld'shighestmountain.IntheremoteregionofMustang,touristscanexplorethehighdesertandmeetlocalsathomestaysalongtheway,diningonNepalispecialties.MauritiusMauritiusisintheIndianOceanabout700mileseastofMadagascar.HerearesomereasonstovisitthisunderratedAfricangetaway.It'sinhabitedbyamultiracial,peacefulpeople,coveredingreatgolfcourses,offeringvariouswatersports,luxuriousresorts,anoldcolonialcapital,greatfood,oneoftheworld'sbestbotanicalgardens,goodnightlife,andgreatsightseeing.NorwayEnjoyingnatureinNorwayisanattractiveactivity.Whilesomeoftheactivitiesaresuitablefortheyoung,energeticandfearless,most—suchashiking,cycling,skiingandsnowmobiling—canbeenjoyedbyanyone.Whetheryou'rehereforendlesssummerpossibilities,orforsnowsportsandtheamazingNorthernLightsinwinter,theseactivitiesareanexcitingmeansofgettingclosetonature.CookIslandsThisgroupof15islandsintheSouthPacificwasatthetopofmanyLonelyPlanetstaffers'wishlistsfor2022andbeyond.What'sonoffer？Water-centricactivitieslikesnorkeling,divingandfishing,nottomentionalookatthenativeMaoricommunityinTeVaraNuiVillage.語篇導(dǎo)讀：本文介紹了《孤獨星球》雜志篩選出來的2022年最佳旅游目的地，包括尼泊爾、毛里求斯、挪威和庫克群島。1．WhatactivitycanvisitorsdoinNepal？_D__A．Enjoygoodnightlife.B．Playgolf.C．Dowateractivities.D．Climbmountains.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Nepal部分的“It'snearlyimpossibletodiscussNepalwithouttalkingaboutMountQomolangma.”和“theworld'shighestmountain”可知，游客可以在尼泊爾登山。故選D。2．Whichdestinationscanprovideplentyofwatersports？_C__A．NepalandMauritius.B．MauritiusandNorway.C．MauritiusandCookIslands.D．NorwayandCookIslands.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Mauritius部分的“offeringvariouswatersports”以及CookIslands部分的“Water-centricactivitieslikesnorkeling,divingandfishing”可知，毛里求斯和庫克群島都提供了水上運動。故選C。3．WhowillbemostlikelyinterestedinNorway？_D__A．Animalprotectors. B．Artcollectors.C．Environmentalists. D．NatureLovers.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Norway部分的“EnjoyingnatureinNorwayisanattractiveactivity.”以及后文內(nèi)容可知，在挪威，年輕人可以通過徒步旅行、騎自行車、滑雪和騎雪地摩托等活動盡情享受自然，故自然愛好者最有可能對挪威感興趣。故選D。B(2023·廈門市畢業(yè)班第二次質(zhì)檢)IliveinXizhou,YunnanProvince,onthehistoricTeaHorseRoad.IhavetoadmitthatwhenIfirstheardthatPaulSalopekwasgoingtowalktheentireglobeonhisowntwofeet，Iwasblownaway.Icouldn'timaginethattherecouldbesuchanunusualpersonintheworld.LastMay，ImetPaul.HetoldmethatitwashisfirsttimeinChina.Hetalkedtomewithgreatexcitementaboutthehistory,migrations,anddiscoveriesinmyregionofChina.HespokeoftheShu-YanduDao(theSichuantoIndiatradingroute),theSouthernSilkRoad,thetravelsofthe17th-centuryChineseexplorerXuXiake,theTeaHorseRoadandtheearly20th-centuryAmericanbotanistJosephRock.HealsotalkedofXuanzang.IdecidedtoaccompanyPaulonhiswalktowardYunnan.OnSeptember28,2021,wesetout.Ourdaysweresimple：walk,eat,sleep,andrepeat.Wewokeupatsunrise,setoffinhighspirits,andrestedatsunset,draggingourselvesintoexhaustedsleep.Wemetmanypeopleontheroad.Somewerecurious,surroundingusandwatchingus；somegaveusdirections；someinvitedusintotheirhometotakearest；somespokeofthecharmoftheirhometown.Wemetmanybeautifulsouls,simplesoulsandwarmsouls.Wewerewalkingwithourminds.Together,wewereimpressedbythebiodiversityoftheGaoligongMountains.AsIwalkedonancientpathsthroughmountains，Iseemedtoheartheantiquevoicesofpasttravelersurgingmetobecarefulontheroad.Lookingbackonthemorethan200milesIwalkedwithPaul，Icametoarealization.Walkingforitsownsake,whilehealthyandadmirable,isonlyasmallpartofthebenefitofmovingwithourfeet.Adeeperrewardisrediscoveringtheworldaroundus,shorteningthedistancebetweeneachother,andsharingeachother'scultures.語篇導(dǎo)讀：作者住在歷史悠久的茶馬古道上，去年5月，他遇到了要用雙腳環(huán)游世界的PaulSalopek，于是決定陪Paul游云南。文中描述了他們路上的見聞和作者的感悟。4．HowdidthewriterfirstrespondtoPaul'stravelplan？_D__A．Scared. B．Puzzled.C．Disappointed. D．Surprised.解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Ihavetoadmit...intheworld.”可知，作者不得不承認，當(dāng)?shù)谝淮温犝fPaulSalopek要用自己的雙腳環(huán)游世界時，他驚訝極了。他無法想象世界上會有這樣一個不尋常的人。據(jù)此可知，作者最初對Paul的旅行計劃感到吃驚。故選D。5．WhatcanwelearnaboutPaulSalopekfromParagraph2？_B__A．HewasaWesternjournalist.B．HehadaknowledgeofChina.C．HecametoChinaseveraltimes.D．HewasJosephRock'sacquaintance.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，PaulSalopek是第一次來中國。跟作者講起作者所在的中國地區(qū)的歷史、遷移和發(fā)現(xiàn)時，Paul很激動。他談到了南方絲綢之路，17世紀(jì)中國探險家徐霞客的旅行，茶馬古道，以及20世紀(jì)初的美國植物學(xué)家JosephRock。他還談到了玄奘。據(jù)此可推知，PaulSalopek對中國有一定的了解。故選B。6．WhatdoesParagraph4tellusaboutthewriterandPaul？_D__A．Theyhonoredtheancestors.B．Theysetoffinhighspirits.C．Theysatisfiedthelocals'curiosity.D．Theybuiltbondswithpeople.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的內(nèi)容可知，作者和PaulSalopek在路上遇到了許多人。有些人很好奇，圍繞著他們，看著他們；有些人給他們指路；有些人邀請他們?nèi)ニ麄兗倚菹?；有些人談到了他們家鄉(xiāng)的魅力。他們遇見了許多美好的人，樸素的人和溫暖的人。據(jù)此可推知，作者和Paul與人們建立了聯(lián)系。故選D。7．Whatisthemainpurposeofthewriter'swritingthetext？_A__A．Toshareandreflectonajourney.B．Tosuggestanewwayoftravel.C．Toadvocatetheprotectionofbiodiversity.D．TointroduceandpromoteChineseculture.解析：目的意圖題。通讀全文內(nèi)容可知，作者住在歷史悠久的茶馬古道上，他遇到了要用雙腳環(huán)游世界的PaulSalopek，于是決定陪Paul游云南。文章描述了他們路上的見聞和作者的感悟。由此可推知，作者的寫作目的是分享和回顧一段旅程。故選A。Ⅱ.七選五(2023·八省市第一次聯(lián)考)Walkinginthecityisverydifferentfromwalkinginthepark.Apsychologystudysuggestsurbanenvironmentscanslowyourstepandpossiblyincreaseyourmentalload.1.CItcaneaseyourmindandquickenyourpace.Thefindingsshowthatnaturalsettingsmaypotentiallyreducecognitive(認知的)tirednessandimprovereactiontimestraightaway.2.GThefirstofthetwoexperimentsfocusedonpeople'swayofwalkingandcognitiveload.Duringthistrial,participantswerefittedwithsensorsandadozenmotioncontrolcamerasweresetuptowatchthemrepeatedlywalkdowna15-meterroomattheirnaturalspeed.Thewalloppositethemshowedanimageofeitheranaturesceneoracityscene.3.EOnthewhole,whenwalkingincitysettings,peopleconsideredthattheyfeltmoreuncomfortableandtheywalkedataslowerpace,indicatingahighercognitiveload.4.BInthetrial,participantswereaskedtodistinguishbetweenbasicvisualshapesonthecomputerwhilealsointhepresenceofanaturalorurbanimage(thesameonesfromthefirstexperiment)．Measuringreactiontimeinbothnaturalandurbansettings,theteamfoundtheresultssupportingtheiridea.Inurbanenvironments,participantswereslowerindistinguishingamongsimpleshapes.5.FOurbrainstakelongertoprocessinformation.However,moreresearchisneededtoprovethatidea.A．Natureinfluencesusinmanyways.B．Theseconddugintosomehigher-levelcognitiveprocesses.C．Awalkinnaturedoestheopposite,though.D．Theysaidtheycouldn'tconcentrateproperlyafterwalking.E．Aftereach,participantswereaskedtoratetheirdiscomfort.F．Thereasonisthaturbanenvironmentsaremoredistracting.G．Thestudyincludestwoexperimentswithtwodifferentapproaches.語篇導(dǎo)讀：本文主要介紹了一項心理學(xué)研究，該研究表明在城市環(huán)境中散步和在自然環(huán)境中散步會給人們帶來不同的影響，前者可能會使人們的思維變緩并增加精神負擔(dān)，后者則與之相反。解析：1．考查邏輯推斷。文中第一句提到在城里散步不同于在公園散步，緊接著闡明研究結(jié)果——在城市環(huán)境中散步會加重你的思想負擔(dān)，同時使你放慢行走的速度，設(shè)空處后一句提到“它”可以使你精神放松、加快你的節(jié)奏，那么設(shè)空處應(yīng)是介紹“在自然中散步”的情況，結(jié)合選項可知，C項(然而，在大自然中漫步卻恰恰相反。)符合語境。故選C。2．考查邏輯推斷。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Thefirstofthetwoexperiments...”可知設(shè)空處需要引出這兩個實驗。G項(該研究包括兩個實驗，這兩個實驗采用兩種不同的方法。)符合語境。故選G。3．考查語境推斷。空前內(nèi)容描述了實驗的外部條件設(shè)置，空后的內(nèi)容是實驗的結(jié)果——人們在城市的環(huán)境下行走感覺更不舒服，故設(shè)空處應(yīng)該為實驗的步驟之一。結(jié)合選項可知，E項(每次散步結(jié)束后，參與者被要求為他們在兩種環(huán)境下的不舒適程度打分。)符合語境。故選E。4．考查語境推斷。根據(jù)空后內(nèi)容可知，本段描述的是一個不同的實驗。設(shè)空處應(yīng)起到承上啟下的作用，指出后面的內(nèi)容與第二個實驗有關(guān)。結(jié)合選項可知，B項(第二個實驗深入研究了一些更高層次的認知過程。)符合語境。故選B。5．考查語境推斷?？涨笆菍嶒灥慕Y(jié)果，空后一句是對該實驗結(jié)果的進一步分析，由此可推知，設(shè)空處也應(yīng)是對實驗的結(jié)論做出的解釋。結(jié)合選項可知，F(xiàn)項(原因是城市環(huán)境更容易讓人分心。)符合語境。故選F。Ⅲ.語法填空(2023·八省市第一次聯(lián)考)I'vehadmyfairshareoftravellingaroundChina,andtherecentweek-longtriptoGuizhouwasmyfirsttimetotheprovince.ItriedlookingupthemeaningandsignificanceofthenameGuizhoubeforethetrip，1.basically(basic)tohaveareasonableideaofwhatwasinstoreforme.Butthatwas2.ahardtasksoIinquiredaChinesecolleagueonthetrip.Accordingtowhatshesaid,initiallytheprovince3.wasnamed(name)afterafamousmountaincalled“Gui”，sortofnobleinliteraltranslation,and“zhou”simplymeans“province”inChinese.4.Keeping(keep)thatinmindIsetoutonajourneyofdiscoveryand5.whatIfoundwasmind-blowing，aphotographer'sparadise.Generally6.described(describe)asamountainousprovinceinsouthwesternChina,withGuiyangas7.its(it)capital,theprovinceistrulyoneofnature'sbestkeptsecrets.Comparedtoothermoreeconomicallyadvanced8.provinces(province)inChina,withregard9.todevelopment，Guizhouhassomecatching-uptodo.However,theprovinceremainsuniquenotonlyforitsamazinglandscape,10.butfortheroleitplayedinthehistoryofChinaandtheroleitistoplayintheworld.語篇導(dǎo)讀：本文從一名旅行者的視角出發(fā)，對貴州進行了簡單的介紹。解析：1．考查副詞。句意：在出發(fā)前，我試著查了一下貴州這個名字的含義和意義，基本上是為了對即將發(fā)生的事情有一個合理的認識。此處作狀語，應(yīng)用副詞。故填basically。2．考查冠詞。句意：但這是一項艱巨的任務(wù)，所以我在旅途中詢問了一位中國同事。task是可數(shù)名詞，且此處為泛指，應(yīng)用不定冠詞修飾。hard的發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭。故填a。3．考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)及主謂一致。句意：根據(jù)她的說法，這個省最初是以一座名叫“貴”的名山命名的，字面翻譯有幾分“高貴”之意，而“州”在漢語中只是“省份”的意思。nameafter是固定搭配，意為“以……來命名”，此處主語為theprovince，故應(yīng)用動詞的被動語態(tài)；主語為名詞單數(shù)，謂語應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)形式；且根據(jù)時間狀語initially可知，此處描述過去的事實，應(yīng)用一般過去時。故填wasnamed。4．考查非謂語動詞。句意：牢記著這一點，我開始了一段探索之旅，而我發(fā)現(xiàn)(這里是)一個攝影者的天堂，這使我興奮。此處應(yīng)用非謂語動詞形式作伴隨狀語，keep與其邏輯主語I之間為主動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填Keeping。5．考查名詞性從句。句意見上一題解析。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)主語從句，在從句中作賓語，指物。故填what。6．考查非謂語動詞。句意：該省通常被人描述為中國西南部的一個多山省份，省會貴陽，的確是大自然最隱秘的地方之一。此處應(yīng)用非謂語形式作狀語，describe與其邏輯主語theprovince之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過去分詞形式。故填described。7．考查代詞。句意見上一題解析?？仗幮揎梒apital，作定語，應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞。故填its。8．考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：與中國其他經(jīng)濟更發(fā)達的省份相比，在發(fā)展方面，貴州還需要迎頭趕上。other后應(yīng)跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填provinces。9．考查介詞。句意見上一題解析。with