上海高考英語模擬試卷

第I卷I.ListeningComprehensionPartAShortConversationsDirections:InPartA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.She’stoobusytorunforclasspresident. B.Shewantstorunforclasspresident.C.Sheplanstoapplyforpart-timejob. D.Shehopesthemancanhelpher.2.A.Shewantsthemantomeetherbrother. B.She’sgoingtoChicagowithherbrother.C.Shewon’tbeabletopreparelunch. D.Shecan’taccepttheman’sinvitation.3.A.Thebooksweresentoutlate. B.Thebooksweresenttothewrongplace.C.Hedidn’tmindhelpingthewomanmove. D.Hedoesn’tknowthewoman’snewaddress.4.A.Maryhadalongdrivetotheairport. B.Hisflightarrivedlate.C.Maryhadtroublefindingtheairport. D.Hisflighttookthreehours.5.A.Hejustgottheresultsofthesurvey.B.Hehadn’theardaboutthesurvey.C.Hewantstomakethedormabetterplaceforstudents.D.Hedoesn’twantthewomantofilloutthesurveyform.6.A.Shehasbeenonthetripandenjoyedit. B.Shewouldn’tconsidergoingonthefieldtrip.C.Shethinkstheclassistooadvancedfortheman.D.Shethinksthere’sagoodreasontotakethetrip.7.A.WatchthenewsonTV. B.TurntheTVonatsixo’clock.C.TurntheTVoffinafewminutes. D.Watchanothercomedyshow.8.A.Shehasn’tpreparedtheoutlineyet. B.She’lldistributetheoutlineinthenextclass.C.Therearen’tanycopiesoftheoutlineleft. D.Themancangettheoutlineafterclass9.A.HehadplannedtoattendJason’spresentation. B.HepreferredJason’spreviouspresentation.C.He’dliketodothenextpresentationhimself. D.Jasonwon’tgiveanymorepresentations.10.A.Shemightknowsomeonewhoneedsacar.B.Shedoesn’tknowmanypeople.C.Mostofherfriendsdon’tdrive.D.She’lltrytoborrowacarfromoneofherfriends.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassages,andyouwillbeaskedthreequestionsoneachofthepassages.Thepassageswillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Saturdayevening. B.Sundaymorning. C.Fridayevening. D.Sundayevening.12.A.Somepocketmoney. B.Comfortableshoes.C.Aslittleluggageaspossible. D.Sufferingfromtheft.13.A.Whattowearintraveling. B.Somesuggestionsaboutwhattovisit.C.Whentopickupluggage. D.Someadvicetoensureagoodstay.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Byplayinggames. B.Byhavingmorecloserelationships.C.Byhavingabestfriend. D.Bygivingorders.15.A.Havingaloser. B.Havingawinner. C.Havingaturnequally. D.Havingmoreskillsthanboys.16.A.Boys’differencesinplayingoutside. B.Howboysandgirlsplaygames.C.Girls’preferencesingames. D.Whatboysandgirlsboastabout.SectionCDirections:InSectionC,youwillheartwolongerconversations.Theconversationswillbereadtwice.Afteryouheareachconversation,youarerequiredtofillinthenumberedblankswiththeinformationyouhaveheard.Writeyouranswersonyouranswersheet.Blanks17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Completetheform.WriteONEWORDforeachanswer.John’sEarlierSchoolingAgeSchoolTypeCommentsFourA(n)17schoolItwasfulloffunand18.19TheInfants’schoolLifetherewasverypleasant.SevenTheJuniorSchoolWebegantohavemore20lessonsandexams.Blanks21through24arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Completetheform.WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.Whatdoesthemancomplainabout?Thestudentscan’t21inhisclass.Whatdoesthewomanthinkisthereasonfortheproblemthemaniscomplainingabout?Thestudents22.WhatdoesJeanWhitedotolivenupherclasses?Sherelates23tosomethingstudentsareinterestedin,likemusic.WhatdoesthemanthinkofJeanWhite’steachingmethod?Hethinksit’s24.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.(A)Strangethingshappenwhenyoutravel… TheJohnsonfamilyexpectedtoseesomewhaleswhentheyrentedaboattosailaroundtheAustraliancoast.Buttheydidn’texpecta30-foothumpbackwhaletoleapoutoftheoceanontotheirboat.Amazingly,noonewasseriouslyhurt,noteven(25)whale. Ifyouthinkthat’sunbelievable,howaboutthestoryofRogerLausier?Agedfour,hehadwanderedawayfromhismotheronSalembeach,Massachusettsand(26)(save)fromdrowningbyawomancalledAliceBlaise.Afternineyears,Rogerwasonthesamebeachwhenhesawamanfalloverboard.Rogersavedhislife.ThemanturnedouttobeAliceBlaise’shusband. Someofthemostincredibletravelstories,itseems,areaboutapet.Charlie,acatwhodecidedtotakeanapinsidetheengineofhisneighbour’scarandwasfoundafter(27)(drive)160milesaway.Luckilyforhim,hewascompletelyunhurt. Whataboutthethingspeopleloseandfindwhentheyaretravelling?Ringsaretopofthelist.InHawaii,KenDaVico,whoisaprofessionaldiver,claims(28)(find)aboutfifteenweddingringsayearinthesea.Hereturnsmanyofthemtotheirowners.(29)afisheatsthering,thereisstillhope.Therearemanyreports(30)ringsarefoundyearslaterinsidethestomachsofsharks,andotherkindsoffish.(B)TheWorld’sBestRestaurant Oneday,mycolleagueandIwenttovisitafactoryinMarinjab.Aswedrovebackalongthelongroad,(31)ofuswerehungryandtired.Ouronlyhopewasoffindingasmallroadsidecafétohavesomeweakteaandalittlesugar. Justthenwecametoavillagemadeofsmallhutswithflatroofs.Outsideoneofthemanyhuts(32)(be)asign,“ghahvehkhaneh”(café)sowewentin.Itwascoolinside,andtheownercameinfromthebackandgreetedus.“Goodafternoon,”hesaid,(33)perfectEnglish.“MynameisHosseini.Wedonotusuallygetanyforeignershere.Itwillbeapleasureandanhonourtoprepareamealforyou.” Apale-facedladyappearedwithatablecloth,andsomeknivesandforks,shortlyfollowedbyMrHosseinihimself,(34)(carry)acoupleofbowlsofsoup.(35)(make)withspinachandyoghurt,itwasthemostdelicioussoupIhaveevereaten.Soon,thenextcoursesarrived.Weateinsilence,andfinishedwithTurkishcoffee.WeaskedMrHosseinihowmuchit(36)(cost),andIcantellyouitwasastonishinglycheap. ItoldalotoffriendsaboutthemealIhad,butnoonebelievedme.“How(37)yougetsuchamealinsucharemoteplace?”anEnglishengineerfriendaskedme. Afewmonths(38)(late),Ireturnedonexactlythesameroutewiththisengineerfriend.Wereachedthevillagebuttherewasnosignofthecafé.Itwas(39)thebuildinghadneverexisted.Wedroveawaydisappointed.Naturally,mycompanionlaughedatme.“Youhaveawonderfulimagination,”hesaid.Idon’thaveanyexplanation.IonlyknowthatIdefinitelyhadamealinthisvillage,inacafé(40),eversince,Ihavecalled“theworld’sbestrestaurant”.SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.activitiesB.associatedC.dominateD.evolveE.identitiesF.includedG.loyaltyH.overtakingI.popularJ.promotionsK.understanding Onehighlyvisibleresultofsophisticatedmarketingstrategiesisthemovementtowardaglobalconsumerculture,inwhichpeopleareunitedbytheircommon41tobrand-nameconsumergoods,filmstars,androckstars.Someproductsinparticularhavebecomeso42withaparticularlifestylethattheyareprizedpossessionsaroundtheworld. Ontheotherhand,popularculturecontinuesto43asproductsandstylesfromdifferentculturesmixandcombineinnewandinterestingways.Forexample,althoughsuperstarsfromtheUnitedStatesandtheUnitedKingdom44theworldwidemusicindustry,amovementistakingplacetoincludeotherstylesandperformers.InEurope,localmusicactsaregrabbingalargershareofthemarketand45thepopularityofinternational(thatis,English-speaking)acts.InAsia,newsongsarebeingwrittentoaccompany46forAmericanmovies.Forexample,inHongKongthemovieLethalWeapon4waspromotedwithasongbyalocalheavymetalbandcalled“Beyond.”Shotsfromthemovieweremixedwithclipsofbandmembers,eventhoughthebanddoesnotappearinthefilmandthesongisnot47onthesoundtrack. Marketing48haveamajorimpactonourlives.Theyinfluenceourpersonalandgroup49andareusedtopromotebothsocialideasandcommercialproducts.Therefore,agreatawarenessofconsumerbehaviorisimportanttoour50ofbothsocialissuesandthepopularculture.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext. Thinkofthreehistoricalfigures.Whatdoyouknowaboutthem?Wheredidyougetyourinformationfrom?Thechancesarethatyoueitherreaditsomewhereorsomeonewhoreaditsomewheretoldyouaboutit.Didyouever51whowrotedownthesefacts?Howcanyoubesurethattheyare52?Thethingis,manyhistorical“facts”arenotlikewhatyouknowaboutthem. Let’sthinkaboutthe53ofAmerica.What’sthefirstnamethatcomestomind?Morethanlikelyit’sChristopherColumbus.Butisitthecase?Hehad54toreachAsiaandthat’swherehethoughthewaswhenhecametoAmerica.Butthereweremanypeopletherebeforehim.Thefirstoneswere55theNativeAmericans,thousandsofyearsbefore1492.EventheVikingshadmadeanumberofexpeditions,withLeifErikssonlandingthereinaround1000A.D.PerhapsAmerigoVespucci,anItalianexplorer,wasthediscovererofAmerica.56,unlikeColumbusbeforehim,hewasthefirstfifteen-centuryexplorertorealizewherehewas,orrather,wherehedefinitelywasn’t.So,maybetheword“re-discover”ismore57whenitcomestoColumbus,ifhistoryistogivehimanycreditatall. Everyonebelievessuchhistorical“facts”because,likeyou,theygotthemfromwhattheythoughtwasa58source.Buthowcansuchthingsbewrittendowninthefirstplace?Oneofthereasonsmustbethathistoryisseldom“cutanddried”.Theeventsareoftencomplicatedand59.Anotherreasonisthatsuch“facts”always60agrainoftruth.ColumbuswasnotthefirstpersontotraveltoAmerica,buthewasthefirstfifteen-centuryexplorertogothere.His“re-discovery”was,fromahistoricalpointofview,extremely61forEuropesincehisvoyagesopeneduplarge-scalecommercebetweenEuropeandAmerica. Historyhas62beenwrittenbythewinners.IftheconqueredpeopleshadwrittenthehistoryofthediscoveryoftheNewWorld,itwouldmostprobablyhavebeenverydifferent,butnotnecessarilyobjective:thepointofviewoftheconqueredcanbejustas63asthepointofviewoftheconqueror.Butthatisnotthe64story.Thewritingofhistorydependsnotonlyonthe“side”thewriterison,butalsoonthecultureandattitudesoftheeraitiswrittenin. Historyisalways65.So,remember:whenyoureadhistory,takeitwithapinchofsalt.51.A.goover B.makeup C.seeto D.thinkabout52.A.complete B.funny C.strange D.true53.A.conquer B.development C.discovery D.foundation54.A.goneon B.setout C.turnedout D.takenon55.A.certainly B.historically C.necessarily D.unbelievably56.A.Inaddition B.Afterall C.Tosumup D.Forexample57.A.accurate B.common C.harmonious D.familiar58.A.political B.secret C.reliable D.thorough59.A.messy B.clear C.proper D.evil60.A.exhibit B.overlook C.abandon D.contain61.A.pointless B.significant C.troublesome D.purposeful62.A.traditionally B.exceptionally C.marvelously D.unconsciously63.A.impersonal B.changeable C.prejudiced D.thoughtful64.A.real B.whole C.famous D.false65.A.inevitable B.important C.unexpected D.subjectiveSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A) Hometo8.2millionpeople,36percentofwhomwerebornoutsidetheUnitedStates,NewYork,knownastheBigApple,isthebiggestcityinAmerica.Nearlytwentytimesbiggerthanthecapital,WashingtonDC,youmightexpectNewYorktobetwentytimesmoredangerous.Actually,it’ssafer.RecentfiguresshowthatNewYorknowhasfewercrimesper100,000peoplethan193otherUScities.It’salsohealthierthanitusedtobe.Forexample,thesmokingratehasgonedownfrom21.5percentafewyearsago,to16.9percenttoday. NewYorkersshouldbedelighted,shouldn’tthey?Infact,manyfeelthatNewYorkislosingitsidentity.Itusedtobethecitythatneversleeps.Thesedaysit’sthecitythatneversmokes,drinksordoesanythingnaughty(atleast,notinpublic).TheBigAppleisquicklyturningintotheForbiddenApple. IfyoudecidedtohaveapicnicinCentralPark,you’dneedtobecareful—ifyoudecidedtofeedthebirdswithyoursandwich,youcouldbearrested.It’sbanned.Inmanycountriesamobilephonegoingoffinthecinemaisannoying.InNewYorkit’sillegal.Soisputtingyourbagonanemptyseatinthesubway.Ifyouwenttoabarforadrinkandacigarette,thatwouldbeOK,wouldn’tit?Er…no.Youcan’tsmokeinpublicinNewYorkCity.Infact,youcan’tsmokeoutdoorsonthestreetorinparkseither.TheangryeditorofVanityFairmagazine,GraydonCarter,says,“UnderNewYorkCitylawitisacceptabletokeepaguninyourplaceofwork,butnotanemptyashtray.”Heshouldknow.Thepolicecametohisofficeandtookawayhisashtray. ButnotallofNewYork’sinhabitantsarecomplaining.MarciaDugarry,seventy-two,said,“Thecityhaschangedforthebetter.Ifmorecitieshadtheselaws,Americawouldbeabetterplacetolive.” Thenewlawshavehelpedturnthecityintooneofthehealthiest—andmostpleasantplacestoliveinAmerica—verydifferentfromitsoldimageofadirtyanddangerouscity.Itspavementsarealmostlitter-free,itsbarscleananditsstreetsamongAmerica’ssafest.Notputtingyourbagonsubwayseatsmightbeasmallpricetopay.66.TheauthorwritesParagraph1inordertotellthereaderthatNewYorkis_____.A.biggerthanWashingtonC.saferandhealthier D.themostpopulatedcityintheU.S.67.WhichofthefollowingisforbiddenbylawinNewYork?A.EatingsandwichintheCentralPaC.Turningonthesoundofthemobilephone. D.Smokingathome.68.WhatdoesGraydonCarterimply?A.SomeofNewYork’snewlawsarenotreasonable.B.Agunismucheasiertogetthananashtray.C.Thepolicehadnorighttotakeawayhisashtray.D.Thereshouldbealawtokeepgunsawayfrompeople.69.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsNewYork’A.Supportive. B.Negative. C.Neutral. D.Uninterested(B)WiththepriceofDNAsequencingfalling,andtheincreasingsmartnessofhandheldelectronicsandpoint-of-carediagnostics,theprospectofpersonalisedmedicinefine-tunedtoapatient’sgeneticmake-upnolongerseemsafar-offdream.Healthappsarealreadygivingthepublicunprecedentedopportunitiestomonitorandmanagetheirownfitness;inthefuture,we’repromised,technologyandgenomics(基因組學)willcombinetochangethepatient’sexperience.AsmajorprojectslikeUKgovernment’s100,000GenomesProjectgearuptoprovidethefundamentalmedicalsciencethisfuturewillneed,whatdifferenceswillthisneweraofpersonalisedhealthcaredeliver—amedicineforourills,oraPandora’sBox?Andarewe—andourhealthservices—readyforit?70.AllofthefollowingareverylikelytobeinvitedtothedebateadvertisedaboveEXCEPT_____.A.doctors B.biologists C.engineers D.accountants71.Whatisthetopicofthedebate?A.Thereasonwhyreadingourgeneswon’tbeasexpensiveasitisnow.B.Thechangesthatpersonlisedhealthcaremaybringabout.C.Howhealthappswillbecomeinthefuture.D.Howsocietyrespondstotechnologydevelopment.72.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtheadvertisement?A.Readingpeople’sgeneswillsoonbeaseasyastakingabeachholiday.B.Handheldelectronicsplayaveryimportantpartinthedevelopmentofmedicine.C.It’snotcertainwhetherthisneweraofhealthcarewilldousgoodornot.D.Scientistsandhealthservicesarewellpreparedforthechangesthatmayhappen.(C) In1851,AugusteComte,theFrenchphilosopherandfatherofsociology,coinedthenewwordaltruismaspartofadrivetocreateanon-religiousreligionbasedonscientificprinciples.Hedefineditas“intentionalactionforthewelfareofothersthatinvolvesatleastthepossibilityofeithernobenefitoralosstotheactor”.Atthattime,studiesofanimalbehaviorandphrenology(顱相學)ledhimtolocateegotistical(自我本位的)instinctsatthebackofthebrain,altruisticonesatthefront. Today,wehaveafarmoresophisticatedknowledgeoftheneurological(神經(jīng)學的)andbiochemicalfactorsthatunderpinkindbehavior.Andthisscienceformsthebasesoftwobooksaimedatgeneralreaders—butalsoatthosewho,despitetheresearch,stilldoubttheexistenceofaltruism.However,thebooksmayendupprovidingmoreinformationforthenaysayers.TakeTheAltruisticBrainbyneuroscientistDonaldPfaff.Onsolidscientificground,hebuildsafive-steptheoryofhowaltruismoccurs,whichdependsonanideathatisunconvincingandmayachievetheoppositeresult.Pfaffarguesthattoactaltruisticallyyoushouldfirstvisualizethereceiverofyourgoodwill,thenmentallytransformtheirimageintoyourown,“fromangletoangleandcurvetocurve”.Doesitreallywork? AtthecoreofevolutionarybiologistDavidSloanWilson’sDoesAltruismExist?isanothercontentious(有爭議的)idea:altruismhasevolvedastheresultofgroupselection.ButWilsonargueshiscornermasterfully,providingacleverreplytothebeliefthatnaturalselectionoccursonlyattheleveloftheselfishgene:“Selfishnessbeatsaltruismwithingroups.Altruisticgroupsbeatselfishgroups,”hesays. Inotherwords,wecooperatewhendoingsogivesourteamtheadvantage.Thatdoesn’tsoundveryselflesseither. Wilsonacknowledgesthis,butarguesthatthoughtsandfeelingsarelessimportantthanactions.Accordingtoevolutionarytheory,purealtruistsdoexist,butitdoesn’tmatterwhypeoplechoosetohelpothers—theirreasonsmaybedifficultevenforthemselvestounderstand.Whatmattersisthathumanscancoordinatetheiractivitiesinjusttherightwaytoachievecommongoals.Otheranimalsdothistoo,butwearemasters.“Teamworkisthesignatureadaptationofourspecies,”hesays. Pfaffgoesfurther,insistingthatourbrainbiology“urgesustobekind”.Hebelievesthisknowledgealonewillinspireindividualstobemorealtruistic.Hisdesiretocreateabetterworldisadmirableandsomeofhisideasareinteresting,butWilson’sanalysisisclearer. Whileitisinournaturetobealtruistic,Wilsonsays,wealsohaveahealthyregardforself-interestandaresistancetobeingpushedaround.Whichonecomestotheforedependsontheenvironmentinwhichwefindourselves.Ethics,hesays,cannotbetaughtatindividuallevel,butare“apropertyofthewholesystem”.73.WhichofthefollowingcanbeconsideredanaltruisticbehaviouraccordingtoComte’sdefinition?A.Apersonofferstodonatehislivertoanotherwhoneedsone.B.Aclerkreturnstheumbrellatohiscolleaguewhichhehaskeptforalongtime.C.Astudentvolunteerstoworkintheorphanagetocollectdataforhisresearch.D.Apoliceofficerspotsacarparkingintheno-parkingarea,findingachildinthetrunk.74.Theword“naysayers”(inparagraph4)mostprobablymeans_____.A.peoplewhotakeapositiveattitude B.peoplewhodoubtssomething C.peoplewhohavenosayinanarea D.peoplewhoareexpertsinanarea75.WhatdoesDonaldPfaffthinkpeopleshoulddoinordertoaltruistically?A.Drawapictureofthepersontheyaregoingtohelp.B.Transformthereceiverintoakindperson.C.Visualizewhattheyaregoingtodoinmindfirst.D.Imaginetheythemselvesaretobehelped.78.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisDavidSloanmostlikelytoagreewithinhisbook?A.Beingkindisnotsomethingpeoplearebornwith.B.Peopleingroupsarelesslikelytobeselfish.C.Peoplemaywellactselflesslybecauseofwheretheyare.D.Mostpeopleknowclearlywhytheyarereadytohelpothers.79.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?A.Figuringoutwhatmakesusbehaveselflesslyisatrickybusiness.B.UnlikeDonaldPfaff’sbook,DavidSloan’sbookaimsatprofessionalreaders.C.Comte’sdefinitionofaltruismprovestobeimpracticalinmoderntimes.D.BothDonaldPfaffandDavidSloanlayemphasisonteamwork.Section

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Ellieisapsychologist,andagoodoneatthat.Smileinacertainway,andsheknowspreciselywhatyoursmilemeans.Shelistenstowhatyousay,processeseveryword,worksoutthemeaningofyourpitch,yourtone,yourposture,everything.Sheisatthetopofhergamebut,accordingtoanewstudy,hergreatestadvantageisthatsheisnothuman.Whenfacedwithtoughorpotentiallyembarrassingquestions,peopleoftendonottelldoctorswhattheyneedtohear.YettheresearchersbehindEllie,ledbyJonathanGratchattheInstituteforCreativeTechnologies,inLosAngeles,suspectedfromtheiryearsofmonitoringhumaninteractionswithcomputersthatpeoplemightbemorewillingtotalkifpresentedwithanavatar,thatis,avirtualfigure.Totestthisidea,theyput239peopleinfrontofEllietohaveachatwithherabouttheirlives.Halfweretold(truthfully)theywouldbeinteractingwithanartificiallyintelligentvirtualhuman(AIVH);theothersweretold(falsely)thatElliewasabitlikeapuppet,andwashavingherstri