【課件】選修一Unit1DiscoveringUsefulStructures（定語(yǔ)從句）

Unit1LearningAboutLanguageDiscoverusefulstructures學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：1.復(fù)習(xí)定語(yǔ)從句基本構(gòu)成與用法；2.限定性定語(yǔ)從句與非限定性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別；3.課堂鞏固練習(xí)4.高考鏈接Havea1.Thisyear'sNobelPrizeforPhysiologyorMedicinehasbeenawardedtoTuYouyou(co-winner),

whoseresearchledtothediscoveryofartemisinin,

acrucialnewtreatmentformalaria.2.Inthebeginning,TuYouyouwenttoHainan,

wheremalariawasmorecommon,tostudymalariapatients.3.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,

mostofwhomrecovered.4.TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrize,

whichis

consideredoneofthehighestinternational

honoursapersoncanreceive.Fillintheblanks.1.Thisyear'sNobelPrizeforPhysiologyorMedicinehasbeenawardedtoTuYouyou(co-winner),

______researchledtothediscoveryofartemisinin,

acrucialnewtreatmentformalaria.2.Inthebeginning,TuYouyouwenttoHainan,

______

malariawasmorecommon,tostudymalariapatients.3.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,

_____________recovered.4.TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrize,_______isconsideredoneofthehighestinternationalhonoursapersoncanreceive.whosewheremostofwhomwhichgo

Ready?Focuson基本用法1.了解非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系詞的使用規(guī)則及其與限制性定語(yǔ)從句的異同;2.能夠正確理解并運(yùn)用非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句Non-definingattributiveclauses(1)StPetersburg,whichisaverybeautifulcity,wasoncecalledLeningrad.(2)YesterdayImetLiPing,whoseemedtobevery

busy.(3)HecametotheUnitedStatesin1914,whenWorld

WarⅠbrokeout.(4)Singapore,whereIhavelivedtenyears,isaniceplace.(5)TheQueenwillvisitthetowninMay,whenshewill

openthenewhospital.1.同限制性定語(yǔ)從句一樣，非限制性定語(yǔ)從句也可由關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)，但從句中的關(guān)系詞不可省略，關(guān)系代詞that和關(guān)系副詞why不可用于非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。(1)Beijing,whichisthecapitalofChina,hasaverylonghistory.(2)Itoldhimtoseeadoctor,whichadvicehetook.(3)ThisisNewYork,whichIhavevisitedforseveraltimes.(4)HeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant,which

greatlyupsetsme.(5)Hewaslateagain,whichmadetheteachervery

unhappy.注：which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，其先行詞可以是主句中的一個(gè)名詞（指物），也可以是整個(gè)句子；which在從句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)等，不可省略。which指Beijing，在從句中作主語(yǔ)which指前面的整個(gè)主句，在從句作定語(yǔ)，不可省略which指NewYork,在從句作賓語(yǔ)，不可省略which指前面的整個(gè)主句,在從句作主語(yǔ)which指前面的整個(gè)主句，在從句作主語(yǔ)(1)TaiwanbelongstoChina,asisknown.(2)Thingswillturnoutcontrarytoone'swishes,as/whichisoftenthecase.(3)Asthesayinggoes,“Ayear'sworkbeginswithspring.”注：as可以像which一樣引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句修飾整個(gè)先行主句，而不是某一個(gè)單詞，常?？梢宰g為“正如，正像；這”，而which一般譯為“這”；as是關(guān)系詞中唯一可以置于句首的關(guān)系詞。眾所周知，臺(tái)灣是屬于中國(guó)的。事與愿違，這是常有的事。正如俗語(yǔ)所說(shuō)，一年之計(jì)在于春。(1)Thecar,forwhichIpaidalotofmoney,isnowoutofdate.(2)Isuggestyougotoaspecialist,from

whomyoucangetanswerstomostof

yourquestions.(3)Inthischapter,oneofourproblemsistodiscovertheprinciplesonwhichthese

testsarebased.2.介詞+關(guān)系代詞也可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，但在這種定語(yǔ)從句中，介詞通常前置，關(guān)系代詞也不可省略。(1)Manyyoungpeople,mostofwhomwere

well-educated,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.(2)Thisisthehouse,thewindowofwhich

brokelastnight.(3)Thepeople,allofwhosehomeshadbeen

damagedbytheflood,weregivenhelpbytheRedCross.3.名詞/代詞/數(shù)詞+of+whom/which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。

注：whose+n.(人/物)=the+n.+ofwhom/which=ofwhom/which+the+n.restrictiverelativeclausesnon-restrictiverelativeclause1.Isawtheguywhodelivers

mymailintownyesterday.2.I'llalwaysremembertheriverwherewelearnedto

swim.3.Doyouknowthereason

whytheskyisblue?4.She'sthepersonwhose

daughtergoestoHarvard.1.Paris,

whereIspentsix

monthsstudying,isthemostbeautifulcityintheworld.2.Thewomandownthestreet,

whosechildrenarethesame

ageasyours,invitedusoverfordinnernextweek.3.Themovie,whichismy

favoritecomedyofalltime,isbeingshownonTVtomorrownight.whichguy?whichriver?thereasonforwhat?whichperson?若去掉，句子含義不明確若去掉，不影響句子含義無(wú)逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi)有逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi)Howrestrictiverelativeclauses

differfromnon-restrictiverelativeclause?(1)Thisisthephoto_____________Itook.(2)Thisisthepen______________heboughtyesterday.

(3)Sheisthewoman_______________Iknow.(4)Thisisthebook_____________

youaskedfor.(5)That'sthereason_______heisleavingsoearly.(6)Theshedinourgarden,_________myfatherbuiltmanyyearsago,haslastedforalongtime.(7)ShemarriedJoe,________surprisedeveryone.(8)Theriver,________isnowcleanenoughtoswimin,waspollutedseveralyearsago.(9)Theauthorofthebook,________Imetatapartylastweek,provedtobeawell-knownjournalist.Fillintheblanksandcompare.

(which/that)

(which/that)(who/whom/that)(that/which)whywhichwhichwhichwhom(1)Thisisthephoto_____________Itook.(2)Thisisthepen____________heboughtyesterday.

(3)Sheisthewoman______________Iknow.(4)Thisisthebook_____________

youaskedfor.(5)That'sthereason_______heisleavingsoearly.(which/that)

(which/that)(who/whom/that)(that/which)why(6)Theshedinourgarden,________myfatherbuiltmanyyearsago,haslastedforalongtime.(7)ShemarriedJoe,________surprisedeveryone.(8)Theriver,________isnowcleanenoughtoswimin,waspollutedseveralyearsago.(9)Theauthorofthebook,________Imetatapartylastweek,provedtobeawell-knownjournalist.whichwhichwhichwhom引導(dǎo)詞對(duì)比小結(jié)1)關(guān)系代詞that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句；2)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞在任何情況下都不可省略；3)關(guān)系副詞why不引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。Fillintheblanksandcompare.Translatethefollowingsentencesandcompare.(1)CharlesSmith,

whowasmyformerteacher,retiredlastyear.

(2)Theyrelyonthemselves,whichismuch

better.

(3)MysisterwhoworksinShanghaisendsme

anemailalmosteveryday.

(4)Heisthemanwhosecarwasstolen.

CharlesSmith去年退休了，他曾經(jīng)是我的老師。他們依靠自己，這樣好的多。我在上海工作的姐姐幾乎每天都給我發(fā)電子郵件。他就是汽車被竊的那個(gè)人。Translatethefollowingsentencesandcompare.(1)CharlesSmith,whowasmyformerteacher,retiredlastyear.CharlesSmith去年退休了，他曾經(jīng)是我的老師。(2)Theyrelyonthemselves,whichismuchbetter.他們依靠自己，這樣好的多。(3)Mysisterwhoworksin

Shanghaisendsmeanemailalmosteveryday.我在上海工作的姐姐幾乎每天都給我發(fā)電子郵件。(4)Heisthemanwhosecar

wasstolen.他就是汽車被竊的那個(gè)人。翻譯對(duì)比小結(jié)1)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句通常譯成主句的并列句；2)限制性定語(yǔ)從句譯成先行詞的定語(yǔ)：“……的”。Rewritethesentencesusingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.EXAMPLEThebooktellsusaboutAlexanderFleming.Hediscoveredpenicillin.ThebooktellsusaboutAlexanderFleming,

whodiscovered

penicillin.1.Wewereveryimpressedbytheoldman.Hewasnotwillingtoacknowledgedefeat.2.Afterwards,EinsteinhadtofleeGermany.Hitlerwasinpowerthere.3.ThereisnothingwecandotohelpLinda.Hercircumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.4.Theteacheraskedustolistentoaspeechbyhisfavouritenovelist,J.K.Rowling.Itinspiredusalot.5.ThebuildingunderconstructionwasdesignedbyI.M.Pei-afamousChinese-Americanarchitect.HewasborninGuangzhou,China.6.Iwasaskedtoexplaintheprojectwiththehelpofaflowchart.Itwasabigchallengeforme.P521.Wewereveryimpressedbytheoldman.Hewasnotwillingtoacknowledgedefeat.2.Afterwards,EinsteinhadtofleeGermany.Hitlerwasinpowerthere.3.ThereisnothingwecandotohelpLinda.Hercircumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.4.Theteacheraskedustolistentoaspeechbyhisfavouritenovelist,J.K.Rowling.Itinspiredusalot.5.ThebuildingunderconstructionwasdesignedbyI.M.Pei-afamousChinese-Americanarchitect.HewasborninGuangzhou,China.6.Iwasaskedtoexplaintheprojectwiththehelpofaflowchart.Itwasabigchallengeforme.Checkyouranswers.Wewereveryimpressedbytheoldman,whowasnotwilling

toacknowledgedefeat.Afterwards,EinsteinhadtofleeGermany,whereHitlerwasin

power.ThereisnothingwecandotohelpLinda,whose

circumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.

Theteacheraskedustolistentoaspeechbyhisfavouritenovelist,J.K.Rowling,whichinspiredusalot.ThebuildingunderconstructionwasdesignedbyI.M.Pei-afamousChinese-Americanarchitect,whowasbornin

Guangzhou,China.Iwasaskedtoexplaintheprojectwiththehelpofaflowchart,whichwasabigchallengeforme.Workingroups.Completethesentencesusingnon-restrictiverelative

clauses

togiveextrainformation.Thensharethemwithyourgroupmembers.P53EXAMPLEI'dliketotry…,…I'dliketotrythatChineseherbalmedicineagain,whichseemstoworkbestformycough.1.Iwouldliketotravelaround…,…2.Whatimpressedmemost…,...3.Myfavouritescientistis…,…4.Finally,wearrivedat…,…5.Mygrandparentslikegoingforoutingsinspring,…6.Iwishtoobtain…,…7.Mybestfriend…,…Possibleanswers.7.Mybestfriend…,…1.Iwouldliketotravelaround…,…2.Whatimpressedmemost…,...3.Myfavouritescientistis…,…4.Finally,wearrivedat…,…5.Mygrandparentslikegoingforoutingsinspring,…6.Iwishtoobtain…,…IwouldliketotravelaroundChina,whosefoodisverydelicious.WhatimpressedmemostwastheStudentActivity,whereIgotlotsofinformation.MyfavouritescientistisAlbertEinstein,whoisperhapsthegreatestscientistinmodernphysics.Finally,wearrivedatthepeakofMountTai,wherewecan

overlookthebeautifulscenery.Mygrandparentslikegoingforoutingsinspring,whenthe

temperatureiscomfortable.Iwishtoobtainsomeusefulinformationaboutthisdisease,whichcanhelphimgetbettertreatment.MybestfriendisSophia,whoismyclassmate.限制性定語(yǔ)從句是句中不可缺少的組成部分，使先行詞區(qū)別于同類其他事物；主句和從句之間不用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。引導(dǎo)詞：關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞，作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)一些關(guān)系代詞可以省略非限制性定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)主句先行詞的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，沒(méi)有這種從句不影