SAT真題匯編：201710北美及答案

1111CONTINUEPAGE10CONTINUEPAGE10Questions1-10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.ThispassageisadaptedfromAmyTan.TheBonesetter’sDoughter.?2001byAmyTan.Atlast,OldWidowLauwasdonehagglingwiththedriverandwesteppedinsideFather’sshop.Itwasnorth-facing,quitediminside,andperhapsthiswaswhyFatherdidnotseeusatfirst.Hewasbusywitha5customer,amanwhowasdistinguished-looking,likethescholarsoftwodecadesbefore.Thetwomenwerebentoveraglasscase，discussingthedifferentdidnotrecognizewewere.SoIcalledhisnameinashyvoice.Andhesquintedatme,thenlaughedandannouncedourarrivaltoLittleUncle，whoapologizedmanytimesfornotrushingoversoonertobeseatedatoneoftwotea15tablesforcustomers.OldWidowLaurefusedtheirinvitationthreetimes,exclaimingthatmyfatherandunclesmustbetoobusyforvisitors.Shemadeweakeffortstoleave.Onthefourthinsistence,wefinallysat.ThenLittleUnclebroughtushotteaandsweet20oranges,aswellasbamboolatticeworkfanswithwhichtocoolourselves.ItriedtonoticeeverythingsoIcouldlatertellGaoLingwhatIhadseen,andteaseoutherenvy.Thefloorsoftheshopwereofdarkwoodpolishedand25clean,nodirtyfootprints，eventhoughthiswasduringthedustiestpartofthesummer.Andalongthewallsweredisplaycasesmadeofwoodandglass.Theglasswasveryshinyandnotonepanewasbroken.Withinthoseglasscaseswereoursilk-30wrappedboxes,allourhardwork.Theylookedsomuchnicerthantheyhadintheink-makingstudioatImmortalHeartvillage.IsawthatFatherhadopenedseveraloftheboxes.Hesetsticksandcakesandothershapesona35silkclothcoveringaglasscasethatservedasatableonwhichheandthecustomerleaned.Firsthepointedtoastickwithatopshapedlikeafairyboatandsaidwithgracefulimportance,”Yourwritingwillflowassmoothlyasakeelcuttingthroughaglassylake.”

40Hepickedupabirdshape:”Yourmindwillsoarintothecloudsofhigherthought.”Hewavedtowardarowofinkcakesembellishedwithdesignsofpeoniesandbamboo:”Yourledgerswillblossomintoabundancewhilebamboosurroundsyourquiet45mind.”Ashesaidthis,PreciousAuntiecamebackintomind.Iwasrememberinghowshetaughtmethateverything,evenink,hadapurposeandameaning:Goodinkcannotbethequickkind,readytopouroutof50abottle.Youcanneverbeanartistifyourworkcomeswithouteffort.Thatistheproblemofmoderninkfromisnothingbutpondscum,deadleaves,andmosquito55spawn.Butwhenyoupushaninkstickalonganinkstone,youtakethefirststeptocleansingyourmindandyourheart.Youpushandyouaskyourself,Whataremyintentions?Whatisinmyheartthatmatchesmymind?60 Irememberedthis,andyetthatdayintheinkshop,IlistenedtowhatFatherwassaying.andhiswordsbecamefarmoreimportantthananythinghere.”Fathersaidtohiscustomer,andIlooked.Heheldupaninkstick65androtateditinthelight.”See?It’stherighthue，purple-black，notbrownorgraylikethecheapbrandsyoumightfinddownthestreet.Andlistentothis.”AndIheardasoundascleanandpureasasmallsilverbell.“Thehigh-pitchedtonetellsyouthatthesootisvery70fine,assmoothastheslidingbanksofoldrivers.Andthescent—canyousmellthebalanceofstrengthanddelicacy,themusicalnotesoftheink’sperfume?Expensive，andeveryonewhoseesyouusingitwillknowthatitwaswellworththehighprice.”75 IwasveryproudtohearFatherspeakofourfamily’sinkthisway.1 414Whichchoicebestsummarizesthepassage?herfamily’sinkshopsparksfondmemoriesofherfavoriteaunt.visitleadstoahappyreunionatherfamily’sinkshop.Acharactercomestounderstandherfather’sambitionswhilevisitingherfamily’sinkshop.Acharacter’svisittoherfamilysinkshopdeepensherappreciationofherfamily’swork.

ItcanbemostreasonablyinferredfromthepassagethatOldWidowLau’sreluctancetostayforteaisnotgenuinelyfirminherresolve.Inconsiderate,becausethefamilyhasbeenplanninghervisit.appropriate,becausetheshopisunusuallybusy.sheisexhaustedfromthejourney. qualityisachievedthroughdeliberateeffort.materialcompensation.beexpressedconcretely.Lines1-4(“Atlast…first:)Lines11-15(“Andhe…customers”)lines15-18(“Old…leave”）lines19-21(“Then…ourselves”)33Throughoutthepassage,thenarratorisportrayedassomeonewhoisreservedaroundunfamiliarpeople.Attunedtoherimmediatesurroundings.sympathetictotheneedsofothers.anxiousaboutherresponsibilities.

6Thenarratorindicatesthatthecontrastbetweenink-makingstudioatImmortalHeartvillageandthefamily’sinkshopisthattheinkshop6displaysthefamilysinkmoreimpressivelyismoreconvenientlylocatedforthepublicprovidesgreaterindividualattentiontoitscustomers.presentingprofessionalitems.Ifyouneedanswersofthistest,pleasecontactwechatkangkanglaoshi7 979Basedontheartisticphilosophyexpressedinthefourthparagraph(lines46-59),itisreasonabletoinferthatPreciousAuntiewouldconsiderahastilywrittenfirstdraftofastorytobeEmotionallyrawandpowerful.Creativelysatisfyingfortheauthor.Essentiallyworthlessinandofitself.8Inappropriatelyanalyticalforapieceofart.8Lines49-50(“Good…bottle”)

Assedinlie59“matches”ostnearlymeansagainst.with.runscounterto.treatsequally.1010Asusedinline68,“clean”mostnearlymeanscomplete.skillful.Questions11-20arebasedonthefollowingpassageandsupplementarymaterial.Thispassageisadaptedfrom”HowtheWebAffectsMemory.”?2011byHarvardMagazineInc.SearchengineshavechangedthewayweusetheInternet,puttingvastsourcesofinformationjustafewclicksaway.ButHarvardprofessorofpsychologyDanielWegner’srecentresearchprovesthat5websites—andtheInternet—arechangingmuchmorethantechnologyitself.Theyarechangingthewayourmemoriesfunction.InformationatOurFingertips,”showsthatwhenpeoplehaveaccesstosearchengines,theyrememberfewerfactsandlessinformationbecausetheyknowtheycanrelyon“search”asareadilyavailableshortcut.15 Wegner,theseniorauthorofthestudy,believesthenewfindingsshowthattheInternethasbecomepartofatransactivememorysource,amethodbywhichourbrainscompartmentalizeinformation.Firsttransactivememory20existsinmanyforms,aswhenahusbandreliesonhiswifetorememberarelative’sbirthday.“[Itis]thiswholenetworkofmemorywhereyoudon’thavetoremembereverythingintheworldyourself,”hesays.“Youjusthavetorememberwhoknowsit.”Now25computersandtechnologyaswellarebecomingvirtualextensionsofourmemory.Theideavalidateshabitsalreadyforminginourdailylives.Cellphoneshavebecometheprimarylocationforphonenumbers.GPSdevicesincarsremovetheneedtomemorize30directions.WegnerpointsoutthatweneverhavetostretchourmemoriestoofartorememberthenameofanobscuremovieactororthecapitalofKyrgyzstan—wejusttypeourquestionsintoGoogle.“Webecomepart35oftheInternetinaway,”hesays.“Webecomepartofthesystemandweenduptrustingit.”WorkingwithresearchersBetsySparrowofColumbiaUniversityandJennyLiuoftheUniversityofWisconsin-Madison，Wegnerconductedfour

40experimentstodemonstratethephenomenon,usingvariousformsofmemoryrecalltotestrelianceoncomputers.Inthefirstexperiment,participantsdemonstratedthattheyweremorelikelytothinkofcomputertermslike“Yahoo”or“Google”afterbeing45askedasetofdifficulttriviaquestions.Intwootherexperiments,participantswereaskedtotypeacollectionofreadilymemorablestatementssuchas“Anostrich’seyeisbiggerthanitsbrain.”Halfthesubjectsweretoldthattheirworkwouldbesavedtoa50computer;theotherhalfwereinformedthatthestatementswouldbeerased.Insubsequentmemoryfourthexperiment participantstypedintoa55computerstatementstheyweretoldwouldbesavedinspecificfolders.(Ifyouneedanswersofthistest,pleasecontactwechatkangkanglaoshi)Next,theywereaskedtorecallthestatements.Finally,theyweregivencuestothewordingandaskedtonamethefolders60wherethestatementswerestored.Theparticipantsprovedbetterabletorecallthefolderlocationsthanthestatementsthemselves.Wegnerconcedesthatquestionsremainaboutwhetherdependenceoncomputerswillaffect65memoriesnegatively:“Nobodyknowsnowwhattheeffectsareofthesetoolsonlogicalthinking.”Studentswhohavetroublerememberingdistinctfacts,forexample,maystruggletoemploythosefactsincriticalthinking.Buthebelievesthatthesituationoverallis70beneficial,likeningdependenceoncomputerstodependenceonamechanicalhandorotherprostheticdevice.Andeventhoughwemaynotbetaxingourmemoriestorecalldistinctfacts,wearestillusing75themtoconsiderwherethefactsarelocatedandhowtoaccessthem.“Westillhavetorememberthings,”Wegnerexplains.“We’rejustrememberingadifferentrangeofthings.”Hebelieveshisstudywillleadtofurtherresearchintounderstandingcomputer80dependence,andlooksforwardtotracingtheextentofhumaninterdependencewiththecomputerworld—pinpointingthe“movabledividinglinebetweenusandourcomputersincybernetworks.”ResultofExperiment4:MemoryOfStatementsandFolderLocationAdaptedfromBetsySparrowetal.“GoogleEffectsonMemory:CognitiveConsequencesofHavingInformationatOurFingertips.”?2011byAmericanAssociationfortheAdvancementofScience.11 121112Themainpurposeofthepassageistodescribeaseriesofexperimentsonthewaytechnologyinterfereswithcriticalthinking-assertthatpeoplehavebecomeoverlydependentoncomputersforstoringinformation.discusstheideathathumans,capacityforitoncewas.studyexaminingtheeffectofcomputeruseonmemoryrecall

Whichchoicebestsupportstheideathatrelianceoncomputersdoesnotnecessarilydiminishhuman’sabilityofmemory?Lines3-6(“ButHarvard…itself”）Lines31-33(“Wegner…Kyrgyzstan”)Lines66-68(“Students…thinking”）D) Lines72-75(“Andeven…them”）13 161316Incontext,thereferencetorememberingarelative’sbirthdaymainlyservestoshowthatpeoplewhoarecloselyrelatedtendtohavesharedmemories.howpeopleinitiallydevelopedexternalsourcesofmemory.andaccuracyoftransactivememorysources.theconceptofatransactivememorysourceusingafamiliarsituation.

Thediscussionoftheexperimentssuggeststhatpeopleateinclinedtothinkofspecificinformationsourcesinresponsetobeingrequiredtomemorizedelaysthatwillthenbemadeinaccessible.asystemfororganizingandsavingcontent.thatarenotalreadyfamiliartomptedtoidentifytermsrelatedtodependenceoncomputers.followingwouldbeconsideredatransactivememorysource?AsouvenirbroughthomefromamemorabletripAwrittenlistofauser’spasswordsfordifferentwebsitesAlibrarydatabasethathelpsuserslocatespecificbooksAwebsitethathelpsusersplanandmaketravelarrangements15Asusedinline26,“extensions”ofmostnearlymeans15delaysin.additionsto.lengthsofdevelopmentsof.

Whichchoiceprovidesthebestevidencefortheanswertothepreviousquestion?Lines42-45(“the…questions")Lines48-51(“Half…erased")Lines51-53(“Insubsequent…statements”)Lines59-61(“participants…themselves”)1818Asusedinline67,“employ”mostnearlymeansutilize.enroll.exert.assign.19Accordingtothegraph,approximatelywhatpercentageofparticipantsrememberedbothpartsoftheinformationgiventothemduringthefourthexperiment?19A) 7%B) 10%C) 17%20D) 30%20representedinthegraph?focusedonrememberingthefolderlocations.attemptedtorememberthestatementsandthefolderlocations.didnotattempttorememberanyspecificpiecesofinformation.informationtodeterminethecauseoftheresultsforthoseparticipants.5101520

Questions21-30arebasedonthefollowingpassageandsupplementarymaterial.ThispassageisadaptedfromMarleneZuk,Poleofontovy.WhatEvolutionReallyTellsUsaboutsex,diet,andHowWeLive.?2013bykangkanglsohi.Afemaleguppycanbesexuallymatureattwomonthsofageandhaveherfirstbabiesjustamonthlater.Thisunstintingrateofreproductionmakesguppiesideallysuitedforstudyingtherateof25evolution,andDavidReznick,abiologistatUCRiverside,hasbeendoingexactlythatforthelastfewdecades.PeopleusuallythinkofguppiesascolorfulGuppiescanexperiencedifferentkindsofconditionsdependingontheluckofthedraw.Aluckyguppyisbornaboveawaterfallorasetof35rapids,whichkeepoutthepredatoryfishcalledpikecichlidsfoundincalmerdownstreamwaters.Asyoumightexpect,theguppymortalityrate—thatis,theproportionofindividualsthatdie—ismuchhigheristhesiteswiththerapaciouscichlidsthaninthose40withoutthem.Reznickhasshownthatifyoubringthefishintothelabandletthembreedthere,theguppiesfromthesiteswithmanypredatorsbecomesexuallymaturewhentheyareyoungerandsmallerthando45theguppiesfromthepredator-freesites-Inadditionthelittersofbabyguppiesproducedbymothersfrom,thehigh-riskstreamsarelarger,buteachindividualbabyissmallerthanthoseproducedbytheircounterparts.Thedisparitymakessensebecauseif50youareatriskofbeingeaten,beingabletohavebabiessooner，andspreadingyourenergyreservesoveralotofthem,makesitmorelikelythatyouwillmanagetopassonsomeofyourgenesbeforeyoumeetyourfate.Reznickandotherscientistsalso55demonstratedthatthesetraitsarecontrolledbytheguppies’genes,notbytheenvironmentinwhichtheygrowup.Howquickly,though,couldthesedifferencesinhowthetwokindsofguppieslivedtheirliveshave6040evolved?BecausetherearenumeroustributariesofthestreamsinTrinidad,withguppieslivinginsomebutnotallofthem,Reznickrealizedthathecould,asheputitina2008paper,“treatstreamslikegianttesttubesbyintroducingguppiesorpredators”toplace65theyhadnotoriginallyoccurred,andthenwatchasnaturalselectionactedontheguppies.Thiskindofreal-worldmanipulationofnatureiscalled“experimentalevolution.”anditisgrowing.increasinglypopularamongscientistsworkingwith70organismsthatreproducequicklyenoughforhumanstobeabletoseetheoutcomewithinourlifetimes.Alongwithhisstudentsandcolleagues,Rcznickremovedgroupsofguppiesfromtheirpredator-riddenlivesbelowthewaterfallandreleasedtheminto75previouslyguppy-freestreamsabovethefalls.Althoughsmallpredatorykillifishoccurredinthesenewsites,thesefishdonotposeanythingclosetothedangerofthecichlids.Thenthescientistswaitedfornaturetodoitswork,andtheybroughtthe80descendantsofthetransplantedfishbacktothelabtoexaminetheirreproduction.Afterjustelevenyears,thelitter,justliketheguppiesthatnaturallyoccu85thecichlid-freestreams.OtherstudiesofguppiesinTrinidadhaveshownevolutionarychangeinasfewastwoandahalfyears,oralittleoverfourgenerations,withmoretimerequiredforgeneticshiftsintraitssuchastheabilitytoformschoolsandlesstimeforchanges90inthecolorfulspotsandstripesonamale’sbody.Figure1MeanNumberofGuppyOffspringinHigh-andLow-PredationEnvironmentsonNorthandSouthSlopesofTrinidad’sNorthernRangeMountainsIfyouneedanswersofthistest,pleasecontactwechatkangkanglaoshi

sorry,missingpart,ifhehasit.2121Thefirstparagraphmainlyservicestofunctionasacontinuedresearchinthewholepassage.anoutlineofahypothesisdiscussedinthepassage.anintroductionofaphenomenoninthestudiespresentedinthepassage.anexplanationofacontroversialissuefullydevelopedintherestofthepassage.22 262226Indescribingthelivingconditionsofguppies,theauthorindicatesthata“l(fā)uckyguppy”（line14)isonethathavinganestablishedguppypopulation.inhabitsanenvironmentthatprovidesnaturalprotectionfrompredators.associatedwithlivingnearawaterfall.avoidspredatoryfishbylivingincalmerdownstreamwaters.WhichchoiceprovidesthebestevidencefortheconclusionthatthestreamsusedbyReznick’steamintheirreal-worldstudywerenotentirelyfreeofpredators?lucky…waters”)16-20(“Asyou….them”)Lines46-52(“This...lifetimes”)Lines57-59(“Although…cichlids”)24Inlines43-44,Reznickusesthephrase“gianttesttubes”tosuggestthatcertainstreamscan24conditions.behaviorsinspecimens.expeditetherateofgeneticchanges.solvewidespreadenvironmentalproblems.

Whichfinding,ifaccurate,wouldundermineReznick’sfindings?GuppiesexaminedinotherpartsoftheglobeintraitsatadifferentratefromthatexhibitedbytheguppiesReznickexamined.ThenewsiteintowhichReznickreleasetheguppiesisinhabitedbyfishthatarefoundtobeaspredatoryasthecichlidsintheoriginalsites.ExperimentalevolutionisshowntobeharmfultotheenvironmentswherestudieslikeReznickarebelowthewaterfall.2727Itcanmostreasonablybeinferredfromthepassage；thattheexperimentsinTrinidadhaveshownwhichofthefollowingaboutguppies?Somegenetictraitswillevolvemorereadilythanothers.Somepredatoryfisharemoredangeroustoguppiesthancichlidsare.SomeguppiesthrivebetterinareasbelowwaterfallsthantheydoinareasabovewaterSomegeneticshiftsareeasiertopreventinanaturalenvironmentthaninalab.282825Asusedinline49,“popular”mostnearlymeans25accessible.suitable.widespread.likable.

Whichchoiceprovidesthebestevidencefortheanswertothepreviousquestion?A) Lines38-40(“Howquickly…evolved”）B) Lines40-46(“Because...theguppies”）C) Lines53-56(“Along…falls”)D) Lines67-72(“Other…body”）29 312931Accordingtofigure1,guppieslivinginthesouthslopehigh-predationenvironmentproducedameannumberofoffspringbetween2and3.3and4.5and6.6and7.30Whichconclusionaboutthemeanmassofguppy30observedineachenvironment.Themeanembryomassofguppiesborninthenorthslopeenvironmentsexceededthemeanembryomassofguppiesborninthesouthslopeenvironments.Thepredationlevelobservedineachofaneffectonmeanembryomassthandidslopelocation.Theguppiesborninthelow-predationmasslessthanthatofguppiesborninthehigh-predationenvironments.

Thedatapresentedinfigures1and2bestsupporttheconclusionthatcomparedwithguppiesfromhigh-predationenvironments,guppiesfromlow-predationenvironmentsweremorelikelytofullmaturitysooner.andhaveagreatermeanembryomass.haveahigherrateofsurvivalandhavelessmeanembryoduceagreaternumberofoffspringandhaveaQuestions32-42arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thispassageisadaptedfromaspeechdeliveredin1838bySaraT.SmithattheSecondAnti-SlaveryConventionofAmericanWomen.Wearetoldthatitisnotwithinthe“provinceofwoman,”todiscussthesubjectofslavery;thatitisaApoliticalquestion,”andweare“steppingoutofoursphere,”whenwetakepartinitsdiscussion.Itisnot5truethatitismerelyapoliticalquestion,itislikewiseaquestionofjustice,ofhumanity,ofmorality,ofreligion;aquestionwhich,whileitinvolvesconsiderationsofimmenseimportancetothewelfareourfellowbeings.Whetherthelaborershallreceivetherewardofhislabor,orbedrivendailytounrequitedtoil—whetherheshallwalkerectinthedignityofconsciousmanhood,orbereckonedamong15thebeastswhichperish—whetherhisbonesandsinewsshallbehisown，oranother’s—whetherhischildshallreceivetheprotectionofitsnaturalguardian,orberankedamongthelive-stockoftheestate,tobedisposedofasthecapriceorinterestof20themastermaydictate—…theseconsiderationsareallinvolvedinthequestionoflibertyorslavery.Andisasubjectcomprehendinginterestsofsuchmagnitude,merelya“politicalquestion,”andoneinwhichwoman“cantakenopartwithoutlosing25somethingofthemodestyandgentlenesswhicharehermostappropriateornaments”？Maynotthe“ornamentofameekandquietspirit”existwithanuprightmindandenlightenedintellect,andmustwomannecessarilybelessgentlebecauseherheartis30opentotheclaimsofhumanity，orlessmodestbecauseshefeelsforthedegradationofherenslavedsisters,andwouldstretchforthherhandfortheirrescue?BytheConstitutionoftheUnitedStates,the35wholephysicalpoweroftheNorthispledgedforthesuppressionofdomesticinsurrections,andshouldtheslaves,maddenedbyoppression,endeavortoshakeofftheyokeofthetaskmaster,themenoftheNorthareboundtomakecommoncausewiththetyrant,40andputdown,atthepointofthebayonet,everyeffortonthepartoftheslave,fortheattainmentofhisfreedom.Andwhenthefather,husband,son,and

brothershallhavelefttheirhomestomingleindieunholywarfare,"tobecometheexecutionersoftheir45brethren,ortofallthemselvesbytheirhands,"willthemother,wife,daughter,andsisterfeelthattheyhavenointerestinthissubject?Willitbeeasytoconvincethemthatitisnoconcernoftheirs,thattheirhomesarerendereddesolate,andtheirhabitationstheabodesof50wretchedness?Surelythisconsiderationisofitselfsufficienttoarousetheslumberingenergiesofwoman,fortheoverthrowofasystemwhichthusthreatenstolayinruinsthefabricofherdomestichappiness;andshewillnotbedeterredfromtheperformanceofher55dutytoherself,herfamily,andherCountry,bythecrywenotpermitathoughttostraybeyondthenarrow60limitsofourownfamilycircle,andofthepresenthour?Maywenotbreatheasighoverthemiseriesofourcountrymen,norutterawordofremonstranceagainsttheunjustlawsthatarecrushingthemtotheearth?Mustwewitness"theheadlongrageorheedlessfolly,"withwhichournationisrushingonwardtodestruction,andnotseektoarrestitsdownwardcourse? Shallwesilentlybeholdthelandwhichwelovewithalltheheart-warmaffectionofchildren,renderedahissingandareproach70throughouttheworld,bythissystemwhichisalreadytollingthedeath-bellofherdeceaseamongthenations?No:theeventsofthelasttwoyearshavecasttheirdarkshadowsbefore,overcloudingthebrightprospectsofthefuture,andshroudingthe75destiniesofourcountryinmorethanmidnightgloom,andwecannotremaininactive.Ourcountryisasdeartousastotheproudeststatesman,andthemorecloselyourheartsclingto"ouraltarsandourhomes,"themoreferventareouraspirationsthat80everyinhabitantofourlandmaybeprotectedinhisfiresideenjoymentsbyjustandequallaws;thatthefootofthetyrantmaynolongerinvadethedomesticsanctuary,norhishandtearasunderthosewhomGodhimselfhasunitedbythemostholyties.Let85ourcourse,then,stillbeonward!1AquotationfromtheDeclarationofIndependenceembraceit.32 353235Smith’smainpurposeinthepassageistoaccusefellowabolitionistsofoverlookingthecontributionsthatwomenhavemadetothemovement.thecausesofabolitionandwomen’srightsarecontinuationsofthespiritoftheAmericanRevolution.makethecasethatwomen’srightsarewhileslaveryexists.encouragewomentoseetheirparticipationin33WhichstatementprovidesthebestdescriptionofatechniquethatSmithusesthroughoutthepassagetoadvancehermainpoint?33Shepresentsclaimsintheformofrhetoricalquestionsthatmostlyhaveimplicitnegativeanswers.Shecriticizesheropponentsbyquotingself-contradictoryremarkstheyhavemade.Sheillustrateseachofhercentralideaswithanemotionallypowerfulanecdote.34Sheemphasizesthereasonablenessofherviewsbypresentingthemasthoughtheyareuniversallyheld.34HowdoesSmithdevelopherargumentaboutslaveryasa“politicalquestion”(line3)overthecourseofthepassage?Sheclaimsthedesignationisanoutdatedoneandthenoffersalternativedefinitions.Shedismissesthedesignationastoonarrowbutthendemonstratesitsrelevancetoheraudience.Shecontendsthatthedesignationhasbecometriteandtheninvitesheraudiencetorevitalizeit.Shedescribesthemeaningthedesignationhasformenandthenchallengeswomento

Whichchoicebestsummarizesthefirstparagraph?Smithexplainsaconventionalviewpointandpresentsevidencesupportingit.Smithrejectsaclaimandelaboratesonherreasonsfordoingso.Smithintroduceshersubjectandprovidesbackgroundforunderstandingit.Smithidentifiesaproblemandproposesstepstoremedyit.Actingaccordingtohumanitarianprincipleswhilepreservingtheirfemininity.AdheringtopersonalmoralitywhilebeingpoliticallyneutralContributingtotheirfamily’sfinancialsecuritywhilemeetingsocialexpectationsResistingcallsforwarwhilestillopposingslavery3737Whichchoiceprovidesthebestevidencefortheanswertothepreviousquestion?Lines26-33(“May…rescue”)Lines42-47(“Andwhen…subject”)Lines51-54(‘Surely…h(huán)appiness”)Lines77-82(“Our…laws”)38 413841AccordingtoSmith,theUSConstitutionrequireswhichactiononthepartNorthernfreestatesifslavesweretorevolt?stateswouldhavetosevertieswiththeslavestates.wouldhavetogivesheltertorefugeesfromtheslavestates.TheNorthernstateswouldhavetohelpthetighttheslaves’rebellion.stateswouldhavetoprovidetotherebellingslaves.

Inthepassage,SmithmoststronglysuggeststhatslaveryaffectstheUnitedStatesbyloweringthecountry’sreputationintheleadingmanywomentodisavowtheirallegiancetothecountry.causingviolentconflictsinmanyareasofthecountry.weakeningtheauthorityofthecountry’sgovernment.Incontext, themaineffectofSmith’suseoftheword“tyrant”inlines40and83?Itidentifiesaspecificindividualasoppressive.Ithighlightsthethreatofaggressionfromabroad.limitedrolesforwomeninantislaverymovements.Itemphasizestheunjustnessofslavery.

answertothepreviousquestion?Lines48-50(“Willit…wretchedness”)Lines59-61(“May…h(huán)our”)Lines68-73(“Shall…nations”）D)Lines73-77(“No:the…inactive”）4040Asusedinline52,“slumbering”mostnearlymeanslethargic.drowsy.dormant.unconscious.Questions43-52arebasedonthefollowingpassages.Passage1isadaptedfromBrianHandwerk,"ANewAntibioticFoundinDirtCanKiltDrug-ResistantBacteria.”?2015bySmithsonianInstitution.Passage2isadaptedfromDavidLivermore,ThisNewAntibioticIsCauseforCelebration—andCaution.”?2015byTelegraphMediaGroupLimited.Passage1“Pathogensareacquiringresistancefasterthanwecanintroducenewantibiotics，andthisiscausingahumanhealthcrisis,”saysbiochemistKimLewisofNortheasternUniversity.teixobactinprovedeffectiveatkillingoffawidevarietyofdisease-causingbacteria—even10thosethat havedevelopedimmunitytootherdrugs.Thescientists’besteffortstocreatemutantbacteriawithresistancetothedrugfailed,meaningteixobactincouldfunctioneffectivelyfordecadesbeforepathogensnaturallyevolveresistancetoit.15Naturalmicrobialsubstancesfromsoilbacteriaandfungihavebeenattherootofmostantibioticdrugdevelopmentduringthepastcentury.Butonlyaboutonepercentoftheseorganismscanbegrowninalab-Therest,instaggeringnumbers,haveremained20unculturedandoflimitedusetomedicalscience,untilnow.“Insteadoftryingtofigureouttheidealconditionsforeachandeveryoneofthemillionsoforganismsoutthereintheenvironment,toallowthemtogrowinthelab,wesimplygrowthemin25theirnaturalenvironmentwheretheyalreadyhavetheconditionstheyneedforgrowth,”Lewissays.this,theteamdesignedagadgetthatsandwichesasoilsamplebetweentwomembranes,thatallowmoleculeslike30nutrientstodiffusethroughbutdon’tallowthepassageofcells.“Wejustuseittotrickthebacteriaintothinkingthattheyareintheirnaturalenvironment,”Lewissays.Theteamisolated10,000strainsofuncultured35soilbacteriaandpr