2022年12月英語四級(jí)真題試卷第1套（含答案解析）

2022年12月大學(xué)英語四級(jí)考試真題（一）

PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions:Inthistask,youaretowriteanessayontheroleofphysicalexerciseinachievingsuccessatcollege.Youwillhave30minutesfort如task.Youshouldwriteatle邸旦Q_wordsbutnomorethan些Qwords.

PartⅡListeningComprehension(25minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethrought如centre.

Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

1.A)Partofitsdamwallcollapsed.C)Itwasdestroyedbyanearthquake.

B)Itreleasedalotofharmfulgases.0)Someminersweretrappedunderground.

2.A)Itposedasafetythreattotheminers.C)Itbroughtthemmesoperationstoahalt.

B)Itcauseddamagetooheavytoassess.D)Itwasfollowedbytwomoreearthquakes.

Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard

3.A)Itpreparedbedsforallthesixnewcitizens.

B)Itassignedateamofdoctorsforeachexpectedbaby.

C)Itmadeamplepreparationsforvariouspossibilities.

D)Itbroughtinthemostadvancedinstruments.

4.A)Theyhadtoundergo2-3physicalcheckups.

B)Theywereallofnormalsizeexceptthesixth.

C)Theycouldgohometogetherwiththeirmotheradaylater.

D)Theyneededtostayinthehospitalforacoupleofmonths.

Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard

5.A)Itisownedbythelocalgovernment.C)IthasbeenboughtbyanAmerican.

B)Ithasbeenturnedintoapublicpark.D)Itisaperfecttouristdestination.

6.A)Itsseafood.C)Itsunspoiledbeaches.

B)Itsunusualcoastline.D)Itsarchitecture.

7.A)Ithasanunmatchedlocation.C)Ithasbeautifulweatherallyearround.

B)Itisworthover18millioneuros.D)Itisanidealplacetomeetfamousstars.

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

8.A)Shehasbeenattendingsomegroupclasses.

B)Shehasregisteredfortwonewgymclasses.

C)Shebecameamemberofthegymtwomonthsago.

D)Sheisentitledtoadiscountonallthegymexercises.

9.A)Consideringthepromotionofitsregularclasses.

B)Takingmeasurestoexpanditsexerciseprograms.

C)Recruitingcoachesforhotyogaandadvancedspinning.

D)Offeringexistingmembersadiscountofftwonewclasses.

10.A)ShemissedthedeadlinefortheIO-weekcourse.

B)Shemissedoutonthegym'sgeneraldiscount.

C)Shedidn'tsignupformembershipintime.

D)Shewasn'tsomuchinterestedinhotyoga.

11.A)Shedoesn'twanttorevealhercarddetailsoverthephone.

B)Shedoesn'tthinkitwisetopaybeforeattendinganyclass.

C)Shemighthavetocancelherregistrationanyminute.

D)Shepreferstohavethefeeaddedtohermonthlybill.

Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

12.A)Tomakeinvestments.C)Toresearchnewmarkets.B)Tosignabusinesscontract.D)Toopenanewoffice.

13.A)Dubai.B)Beijing.C)Amsterdam.D)Earl'sCourt.

14.A)Rentabikeforhimtogetaroundthetown.C)Helphimpreparehispresentation.

B)Reserveameetingroomintheheadoffice.D)Sendhimamapofthehotelarea.

15.A)Bringhisprojector.C)Submithisclaimsform.

B)Keepallhisreceipts.D)Paywithhiscreditcard.

SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepa,ssages.Attheendofeachpa,ssage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepa,ssageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

16.A)Whetheracountry'seducationallevelislinkedtowomen'srights.

B)Whetherwomen'srightsaremakinggoodprogressaroundtheworld.

C)Whetheracountry'sprotectionofwomen'srightsisrelatedtoitspublichealth.D)Whetherwomen'srightsaremoreoftenoverlookedinless-developedcountries.

17.A)Theirpeoplestillhavebetterhealthifwomen'srightsarerespected.

B)Theymustmakeeffortstoincreasewomen'saccesstohealthcare.

C)Theirpeopletendtoattachimportancetowomen'srights.

D)Theyneedtoinvestmoreinhospitalstaffandfacilities.

18.A)Theirlinkwithacountry'spublichealth.

B)Theirpotentialimpactonsocialprogress.

C)Theirvaluetoacountry'sinternationalimage.

D)Theirpositiveeffectoneconomicdevelopment.

Questions19to21arebasedonthep邸噸eyouhavejustheard.

19.A)Itcreatesawonderfulsettingfordating.C)Itturnsparksintopicnicsites.

B)Itmaycausestrangephysicalreactions.D)Itmayresultinacrowdedbeach.

20.A)Breathingdifficulty.C)Excessivesweating.

B)Badbreath.D)Highbloodpressure.

21.A)Itprotectspeopleagamstbactena.C)Itacceleratespeoplesbloodcirculation.

B)Itenablespeopletobuildupendurance.D)Itprovidespeoplewithextraenergy.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

22.A)Theyaremorelikelytowinincombatsports.

B)Theyareintheminorityamongthepopulation.

C)Theyhaveahigherchanceofjoiningsportsteams:

D)Theyhavemoredisadvantagesingettingahead.

23.A)Theirbrainismorepowerfulthanthatofright-handedpeople.

B)Theleftsideoftheirbrainismorepowerfulthanitsrightside.

C)Theytendtobealotmoreaggressivethanright-handedpeople.

D)Theirbrainhasastrongerconnectionbetweenitstwosides.

24.A)Theyhavealargerbrain.C)Itisrelatedtotheirgenes.

B)Itstillremainsunknown.D)Theyarebetteratreasoning.25.A)Teachthemhowtoperformtaskswiththeirrighthand.

B)Helpthemfullydeveloptheirmathematicalabilities.

C)Encouragethemtoplayfast-pacedinteractivesports.

D)Advisethemtochoosejobsthatrequirequickreactions.

Part][ReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.應(yīng)chchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerS搶et2譏thasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthe叨rdsinthebankmorethanonce.

Researchers,writinginthejournalHeart,pooleddatafrom23studiesandfoundthatsocialisolationorfeelingsoflonelinessweretiedtoanincreasedriskofcoro皿ryheartdisease(冠心?。゛ndstrokes.

Thestudiesincludeddatafrom181,006menandwomenages18andover.Therewere4,628coronaryeventsand3,002strokesinfollow-upperiods26fromthreeto21years.Threeofthepapers27loneliness,18lookedatsocialisolationandtwoincludedboth.Socialisolationandlonelinessweredeterminedwithquestionnaires;theresearchersdependedonmedicalrecordsanddeath28for

determiningcoronaryeventsandstrokes.

Thescientistsfoundthatlonelinessandsocialisolationincreasedthe29riskofhavingaheartattackoradeathfromheartdiseaseby29percent,andtheriskofstrokeby32percent.Therewereno 30betweenmenandwomen.

"Peoplehavetendedtofocusfromapolicypointofviewon31lonelypeopletomakethemmore 32,"saidtheleadauthor,NicoleK.Valtorta,aresearchfellowattheUniversityofYorkinEngland."Ourstudy33thatifthisisariskfactor,thenweshouldbetryingtopreventtheriskfactorinthefirstplace."

Theauthors34thatthiswasareviewofobservationalstudiesanddidnot35causeand

effect.

A)acknowledgeI)narrow

B)certificatesJ)permanent

C)connectedK)produces

D)demonstratesL)ran印ng

E)differencesM)relative

F)establishN)submitting

G)formats0)targeting

H)measured

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.F.achstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmayc加oseaparagraphmorethanonce.F.achparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorresfH)ndingletteronAnswerSheet2.

Thehiddencostscollegesdon'twantyoutoknowabout

A)Thisfall,thousandsofcollegestudentsfromacrossthecountrywillbegintheirundergraduatestudiesatcollegesaroundthenation.Theywillinevitablypacktoomuchtofitintheirtinydormrooms.Theywillalsocarrywiththemahugestudentloandebt,inadditiontocountless"hidden"out-of-pocketcostspaidforbytheirbankaccountsandthebankaccountsoftheirfamilies.

B)Atmywell-respected,private,four-yearuniversityinWashington,D.C.,whichboastsayearlytuitionof$44,046notincludingroomandboard,Ireceiveover$57,000yearlyinfinancialaid.Asastudentfromafamilythatisstrugglingtomakeendsmeet,myfinancialaidpackageisacombinationoffederalgrantsandfederalworkstudy,universitymeritscholarshipsandfinancialaidawards,andabout$8,000yearlyinfederallysubsidized(有補(bǔ)貼的）andunsubsidizedloans.Onpaper,myexpensesandmyfinancialaidjustaboutevenout.Offpaper,theydon't.

C)Universitiestodayareinthebusinessofmakingmoney,andmineisnoexception.Theyhitmerightoutofgatewitha$160feetoattendmyfreshmanorientation,apricewhichdoesnotincludethecostoftraveltoandfromtheDistrict.Almosteveryq)asshasanassociatedfeenotincludedinthecostoftuition,mostbetween$40and$100.Feesforlabscienceclassesarethehighest,andallstudentsatmyuniversityarerequiredtotakeatleastonelabbeforetheygraduate.Buyingalaptopprovedanecessityand,thankfully,arelativeboughtmeoneasagift.Rentingam血-fridgeformydormroomcostsmyroommatesandmeabout$140avear.

D)Schoolswillchargeyouwhatevertheyca:\},Thecostsofanydamagetothedorm,includingelevators,bathrooms,andcommonareas,arebilledtoeverypersononadormfloor,oreventheentirebuildingiftheydonotknowwhocausedthedamage.AfterIfelloutofmybedtwiceduringmyfreshmanyear,theuniversityinstalledarailingfor$20,billedtomystudentaccount.Myfinancialaiddidnotanticipateanyofthesecosts,andsoitdidnotcoverthem.

E)AnInternetsearchof"hiddencosts"ofcollegeturnsupahostofarticlesonparent-centeredwebsitesonthecollegeapplicationprocess.Thesearticlesarealmostalwaysgearedtowardsupper-andmiddle-classfamilies.Forstudentsalreadystrugglingtopaytuition,thesecostsmaybetheleastoftheirwornes.

F)Sowhathiddencostsshouldlow-income.studentsreallybepayingattentionto?Mycollegeexperienceoffersafewexamples.

G)Ifyouarealow-incomestudentwhowillbeattendingschoolout-of-state,makesureyouknowifyoucanuseyourstatebenefits,suchastheSupplementalNutritionAssistanceProgram,orSNAP.Itwasn'tuntilafterIhadacceptedadmissiontoanout-of-stateschoolthatIlearnedthatIcouldnotusemyOhioMedicaidoncampusforanythingotherthanemergencycare.MybenefitsbecameinvalidthesecondImovedoutofOhio.Aftermyfreshmanyear,Ihadtooptfortheschool'sinsuranceplan,whichcostsaround$2,000ayear.Evenifyourschooloffersaflat-ratefeeforadoctor'sappoi_ntrnentatthestudenthealthcenter(mineis_$20avisit),thesefeesoftendonotincludeextrafeesforlabtestsorprescriptionmedications(藥物）.

H)Ifyouplanonpayingoffbillsinyourstudentaccountwithacreditcard,beawareofanyadditionalcosts.Myschoolchargesanadditionalfeefortheuseofacreditcardtosettleoutstandingcharges,whichcanaddupwardsof3%ofthebalancetoyourbill.

I)Thereisanotherdepressingrealityhiddenwithineventhelargestfinancialaidpackages:Collegesoftenofferthemostgenerouspackagesduringfreshmanyearasawaytoattractnewstudents.Myfamilywascarefultoaskaboutthechancesoffinancialaidbeingtakenawayaftermyfreshmanyear.Wewereassuredthat,exceptforlowgradesoraraiseinfamilyincome,nomoneywouldbetakenaway.Wedidnotknowtoask一andtheschooldidnotreadilypointout—thateveniftuitionrises,myfinancialaidpackagewillstaythesame.Sowhenmyuniversityvotedtoraisetuitioncosts3%attheendofmyfreshmanyear,myfinancialaidpackageremainedthesameandIwassuddenlyresponsibleforanadditional$I,200forthenextyear.Theuniversityadministrationwilllikelyvotetoraisecostsatleastoncemorebeforemygraduation.

J)Yes,Ichosetoattendanexpensiveuniversityfarfrommyhometown.Yes,therewerecheaperoptions.Buttherearepromisingstudentsfromstrugglingfamiliesacrossthenationwhoshouldnotruleouttheirdreamschoolsentirely.Allthingsconsidered,Iampayingsignificantlylessthantheticketpriceofmyuniversity,andhavinganeducationalexperienceinWashington,D.C.,thatIwouldnothavehadanywhereelse.Asalow-incomestudentfromadown-and-outRustBeltcommunity,theseeducationalexperienceshaveenormouspotentialtobrightenmyfuture-andmyfamily'sfuture.

K)Thekeyistomakesurethatstudentsandtheirfam認(rèn)iesunderstandthathiddencostsexist,andthattheymayproveproblematic.Filloutamorecomprehensivechecklist,andbewaryoflistedpricesthatseemtoolow.Understandjusthowcomplicatedthefinancialaidprocessis.

L)Studentsandfamiliesmustalsounderstandtheirabilitytoself-advocate.Theyshouldnotpaystudentbillsorexcessfeesblindly.Ifsomethingdoesnotlookright,askaboutit.Ifitstilldoesn'tlookright,negotiateit.Incaseswhereparentsareworkingmultiplejobs,arelessknowledgeableaboutcollege

bureaucracies,havelimitedEnglishlanguageskills,orarenotcontributingfinanciallytotheirchild'seducation,theburdenofself-advocacywillfallonthestudent.Iunderstandthedifficulty,andtheembarrassment.Butitisnecessary.

M)Inthegrandschemeofthings,however,collegesalsomustcometounderstandthatthehiddenfeestheyaskformayproveurunanageablefortheverykindsoflow-incomeorfirst-generationstudentstheyaretryingdesperatelytoattract.

36.Students'financialaidremainsunchangedevenwhentuitionrises.

37.Studentsmaynotbeabletoenjoytheirstatebenefitswhentheygotocollegeoutofthestate.38.Thefinancialaidtheauthorreceivesissupposedtocoverallhercollegeexpenses.

39.Whenthepersonwhodamagesdormfacilitiesisnotidentified,studentsarerequiredtosharethecost.

40.Thoughitisdifficultandembarrassing,studentsshouldmakeinquiriesaboutwhatfeestheyhavetopayandwhy.

41.Today,manyAmericanshavetogotocollegeonstudentloans.

42.Receivingeducationinaprivateuniversityinthenation'scapitalmaychangetheauthor'sfut田elifeandthatofherfamily's.

43.Studentsmaynolongerbequalifiedforfinancialaidiftheyperformpoorlyinschooloriftheirfamilyincomehasincreased.

44.Inadditiontotuition,collegestudentshavetopayextrafeesforthecoursestheytake.

45.Someschoolschargestudentsafeetotheirstudentaccountsforusingcreditcardstopaybills.

SectionC

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.應(yīng)chpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorres[X>ndingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethrought加centre.

P邸迥geOne

Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowing.p郵啤e.

Towritehis2010book,The5-FactorWorldDiet,nutritionistHarleyPasternaktraveledtothehealthiestcountriesaroundtheworldtolearnmoreaboutwhatmadetheirmealsextranourishing.

HenotedthatJapanesepeopleateawonderfulvarietyofseaweeds,andthatChinesepeopletriedtoincludeatleastfivedifferentcolorsineverymeal.PasternakalsocameawaywithsomevaluableobservationsabouthowdifferenttheNorthAmericanwayoflifewas,comparedwithmanyothercountries.

Forstarters,Americanseatmuchbiggerportionsthanpeopleinothercountries."Wedon'tprioritizeeatingseasonallyorlocally,andwealsoaddlotsofsalt,sugarandthickeningagentstoourfoods,"explainedPasternak.ContrastthattothehealthyMediterranean,NordicandOkinawandietslistedinPasternak'sbook.Theyallseemtosticktotheethos(特質(zhì)）ofregional,seasonalproduce.

Forexample,atraditionalMediterraneandietincludesfruits,vegetables,wholegrains,nutsandoliveoilasthemaincomponentsofnutritionalintake.Fish,chickenandredwinemakemoderateappearances,whileredmeat,saltandsugarareusedmuchlessoften.ThebenefitsofatraditionalMediterraneandiethavebeenstudiedsincethe1970s,andresearchershavefoundthatlivingthatoliveoillifecanhelppeopleloseweight,lowertheirheartdiseaseriskandreversediabetes.

Mostotherhealthyeatingculturesalsomakemealsanevent—say,multiplecoursesaroundthefamilytable,oraglassortwoofredwineatalonglunch—as9pposedtohastilywolfingdownhandfulsofcereal

abovethekitchensinkandcallingitdinner.

Eachofthehealthyeatingcultureshasitsownuniquefeature.ButPasternakdidtakenoteofoneunifyingfactorinallqfthehealthysocietiesheobserved."TheonlyoverlappingfeatureinmostofthesehealthycountriesisthattheyallwalkwaymorethantheaverageAmerican,"saidPasternak."Soreally,regardlessofwhatyou'reeating,ifsomeone'swalkingfourmilesmorethanyoueachday,they'regoingtobealotthinnerandlivealotlongerthanyou."

46.WhatcharacterizesJapaneseandChinesefoods?

A)Variety.C)Color.

B)Flavor.D)Naturalness.

47.WhatistypicalofAmericansinthewayofeating?

A)Theyemphasizenutrition.C)Theyprioritizeconvenience.

B)Theytendtoeatquitealot.D)Theycareaboutflavors.

48.WhatfeaturesinMediterranean,NordicandOkinawandiets?

A)Fruitsandvegetables.C)Seasonallocalproduce.

B)Oliveoilandredwine.D)Unprocessedingredients.

49.Whatdopeopleinmosthealthyeatingcultureshaveincommon?

A)Theygetthewholefamilytoeatatatable.

B)Theyeattheirmealsregularlyandpunctually.

C)Theyconsumeplentyofcerealforbreakfast.

D)Theyattachgreatimportancetotheirmeals.

50.ComparedwiththeaverageAmerican,peopleinhealthysocieties

A)walkatleast4milesadayC)paymoreattentiontobodyshape

B)doconsiderablymorewalkingD)consumealotmoreorganicfood

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Recognizingwhenafriendorcolleaguefeelssad,angryorsurprisediskeytogettingalongwithothers.Butanewstudysuggeststhatbeingsensitivetopeople'sfeelingsmaysometimescomewithanextradoseofstress.Thisandotherresearchchallengetheprevailingviewthatemotionalintelligenceisuniformlybeneficialtoitsbearer.

Inastudy,psychologistMyriamBechtoldtoftheFrankfurtSchoolofFinanceandManagementinGermanyasked166maleuniversitystudentsaseriesofquestionstomeasuretheiremotionalintelligence.Forexample,theyshowedthestudentsphotographsofpeople'sfacesandaskedthemtowhatextentfeelingssuchashappinessordisgustwerebeingexpressed.Thestudentsthenhadtogivejobtalksinfrontofjudgeswhodisplayedseriousfacialexpressions.Thescientistsmeasuredconcentrationsofstresshormonesinthestudents'saliva(唾液）beforeandafterthetalk.

Instudentswhowereratedmoreemotionallyintelligent,thestressmeasuresincreasedmoreduringtheexperimentandtooklongertogobacktobaseline.Thefindingssuggestthatsomepeoplemaybetooemotionallycleverfortheirowngood,saysBechtoldt."Sometimesyoucanbesogoodatsomethingthatitcausestrouble,"shenotes.

Indeed,thestudyaddstopreviousresearchhintingatadarksideofemotionalintelligence.Astudypublishedin2002inPersonalityandIndividualDifferencessuggestedthatemotionallyperceptivepeoplemightbeparticularlyinfluencedbyfeelingsofdepressionandhopelessness.Furthermore,severalstudieshaveimpliedthatemotionalintelligence