《食品專業(yè)英語(yǔ)》考查試卷(A卷)及答案

班級(jí)班級(jí)學(xué)號(hào)姓名得分--------------------------------------裝--------------------------------------------訂---------------------------------------線-------------------------------------《食品專業(yè)英語(yǔ)》考查試卷（A卷）題號(hào)一二三四總分總分人分?jǐn)?shù)閱卷人一、指出下列前后綴或詞匯含義（每小題1分，共20分）閱卷人英譯中 中譯英pre- 聚，多-ase 單agro-生物的 super- 水，氫 micro- 半solution 濃縮sanitation 氧氣oxidation 脫水干燥organicsubstance 繁殖growthmedium 呼吸作用閱卷人二、選擇題（每小題2分，共20分）閱卷人1.Proteinsareofgreatsize,complexity,anddiversityA.atoms B.molecules C.proton D.ion2.Infoodscontainingsaltasa,thesalthasbeenionized,collectingwatermoleculesabouteachion.A.additives B.drier C.preservative D.foodadjucts3.Whiletheenergyforlifeonthisplanetiscapturedbygreenplantsinthephoto-syntheticprocess,aregenerallyresponsibleforthefinaldecompositionofthephoto-syntheticproducts.A.plants B.animals C.microorganisms D.mankind4.Fermentationisaprocessofanaerobic,orpartiallyanaerobic,oxidationof.A.carbohydrates B.proteins C.vitamins D.fats5.Foursubstanceareessentialinobtainingafruitgel.Thesecomponentsare,acid,sugerandwater.A.cellulose B.minerals C.carbohydrates D.pectin6.Thewordisoftenpairedwiththewordfoodbecausethetwogogogether.Theyareinterdependent,butnotinterchangeable.A.starch B.lipid C.nutrition D.sugar7.Estersoffattyacidswithalcoholsis.A.simplelipids B.compoundlipids C.derivedlipids D.hydrocarbons8.arethe“buildingblocks”ofproteins.A.peptides B.aminoacid C.enzymes D.lipid9.Thefungi,consistoftwomajormicroorganisms,andyeasts.A.molds B.bacteria C.microbe D.cocci10.Marmaladeisaproductmadefromandisthejelly-likeproductmadefromproperlypreparedjuiceanpeel,withsugar.A.watermelon B.strawberry C.grape D.citrusfruit閱卷人三、英譯漢（每小題6分，共30分）閱卷人1.Thesenutrientsarecategorizedasfats,proteins,carbohydrates,minerals,vitamins,andwater.Theyarecalledessentialnutrientsbecausewecannotgetalongwithoutthem.2.FatsandOilsarethemostconcentratedsourceoffoodenergy.Theyprovide9kcalofenergypergramwhichisapproximatelydoubletheenergyprovidedbyproteinsorcarbohydrates.3.Providingadequatesuppliesofproteinposesamuchgreaterproblemthanprovidingadequatesuppliesofeithercarbohydrateorfat.4.Anotherimportantsaspectofenzymicactivityinadditiontocatalyticpoweristhespecificityofenzymicreactions.5.Fromabiologicalpointofview,weeattosurvive,andthepatternofournutrientrequirementshasdevelopedduringalongevolutionaryprocesses,inwhichmanhasadaptedtohisenviroment.閱卷人四、漢譯英（每小題6分，共30分）閱卷人1、雖然食物保藏體系一般都抑制微生物生長(zhǎng)，但不是所有微生物都是有害的。2、根據(jù)人體需要量的不同，營(yíng)養(yǎng)素可分為兩大類，需要量較大的稱為常量營(yíng)養(yǎng)素，需要量較小的稱為微量營(yíng)養(yǎng)素。3、食品能夠滿足人體對(duì)能量和營(yíng)養(yǎng)的基本需求。4、酶是一類催化生化反應(yīng)的催化劑。5、某些微生物產(chǎn)生的大量酸創(chuàng)造了不利于其它微生物的環(huán)境。專業(yè)英語(yǔ)A卷答案指出下列前后綴或詞匯含義英譯中：在…之前酶農(nóng)業(yè)超級(jí)微小溶液衛(wèi)生氧化反應(yīng)有機(jī)物質(zhì)培養(yǎng)基中譯英：poly-mono-bio-hydro-semi-concentrationoxygendehydrationreproductionrespiration二、選擇題1、B2、C3、C4、A5、D6、C7、A8、B9、A10、D三、英譯漢這些營(yíng)養(yǎng)素可分為脂肪、蛋白質(zhì)、碳水化合物、礦物質(zhì)、維生素和水。我們稱這些營(yíng)養(yǎng)素為必需營(yíng)養(yǎng)素，因?yàn)闆](méi)有它們我們就不能生存。油脂是最集中的食物能量源。每克油脂可提供9熱量，這約為同量蛋白質(zhì)或碳水化合物所提供的熱量的2倍。蛋白質(zhì)供應(yīng)不足問(wèn)題遠(yuǎn)比碳水化合物或脂肪供應(yīng)不足為嚴(yán)重。除了催化本領(lǐng)以外，酶活性的另一重要方面是酶促反應(yīng)的專一性。人類攝取食物從生物學(xué)角度來(lái)看是為了生存。他們?cè)陂L(zhǎng)期的進(jìn)化過(guò)程中已適應(yīng)了周圍環(huán)境，逐步形成了營(yíng)養(yǎng)要求的模式。四、漢譯英Whilefoodpreservationsystemingeneralinhibitsthegrowthofmicroorganisms,allsuchorganismsarenotdetrimental.Nutrientsmightbedividedintotwogeneralcategoriesbasedontheamountthatweneed.Thesearethemacronutrientswhichweneedinrelativelylargeamountsandthemicronutrientswhichweneedinrelativelysmallamounts.Foodcanmeetpeople’sess