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PAGEPAGE9Para1基本原理Notes:Para.appreciate:understandfully,評(píng)價(jià),估價(jià),理解unsuitability:不適合,不相稱(chēng),不匹配present:submit,offer,give,提出,設(shè)置patent:n,專(zhuān)利v,取得…專(zhuān)利athodyd:航空熱力管道,沖壓式噴氣發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)ramjet:沖壓噴氣發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)turbo-propellerengine:渦輪螺槳發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)viscountaircraft:子爵式飛機(jī)twin-spool:雙轉(zhuǎn)子triple-spool:三轉(zhuǎn)子by-pass:雙涵式,內(nèi)外涵ductedfan:管道風(fēng)扇式,涵道風(fēng)扇式pistonengine:活塞發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)solely:單獨(dú)地,獨(dú)自地,只是pulsejet:脈動(dòng)式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)turbo/ramjet:渦輪/沖壓噴氣發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)momentum:動(dòng)量issue:流出,放出impart…to…:give,給予jet:噴嘴sprinkler:噴水器byvirtueof:憑借,利用firefighting:消防hose:軟管carnival:狂歡節(jié)resultant:合成的,總的convert…into…:change…into,convergent:收斂的divergent:發(fā)散的targetvehicle:耙機(jī)intermittent:間歇的,周期性的static:靜止的,靜態(tài)的dynamic:動(dòng)力的,動(dòng)態(tài)的aero-:空氣的aerodynamic:空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)的robust:堅(jiān)固的,強(qiáng)壯的spring-loaded:繃有彈簧的(圖1-7):shuttervalve:薄片式,快門(mén)式閥門(mén),節(jié)氣活門(mén)depression:下降rotor:旋翼helicopter:直升機(jī)dispensewith:免去,不用resonate:共振,諧振decompose:分解inherent:內(nèi)在的,固有的upto:直至,高達(dá)(上限)somewhat:比較,有點(diǎn)blade:葉片blade-tip:翼尖departurefrom:偏離,違背offset:補(bǔ)償,彌補(bǔ),沖淡Machnumber:馬赫數(shù)variableintake:可調(diào)進(jìn)氣道afterburner:加力燃燒室shutdown:停車(chē),關(guān)閉guidevane:導(dǎo)向葉片divert:redirectsustained:stable,穩(wěn)定的,持續(xù)的cruisecondition:巡航狀態(tài)alternative:另一種結(jié)構(gòu)型式kerosine:煤油multi-stage:多級(jí)intheorderof:數(shù)量級(jí)interceptor:截?fù)魴C(jī)space-launcher:航天飛機(jī)highaltitude:高空shortduration:短的巡航時(shí)間Part2工作循環(huán)和空氣流動(dòng)efflux:射流,流出,涌(迸)出stroke:沖程reciprocate:往復(fù)式的fabricated:板金焊接的(板料)remainder:剩余物assembly:組件7.embody:包含(contain)product:乘積extract:取出(功),吸收(功)tracethrough:追蹤,指示attain:到達(dá)(achieve)adiabatic:絕熱的friction:摩擦conduction:導(dǎo)熱,熱傳導(dǎo)turbulence:湍流,擾動(dòng)propellingnozzle:推進(jìn)噴管deceleration:減速acceleration:加速convert(convertion)…to(into)…supersonic:超音速的transonic:跨音速的subsonic:壓音速的encounter:遭遇,遇到failure:損壞,失效vibration:振動(dòng)eddy:旋渦straight-throughflowsystem:直流系統(tǒng)frontalarea:迎風(fēng)面積subsequent:后續(xù)的(following)conducive:有助(益)于,促進(jìn)…的specific:?jiǎn)挝坏?,比的(如specificheat,比熱)specificfuelconsumption:耗油率configuration:機(jī)構(gòu),構(gòu)造,結(jié)構(gòu)型式overboard:出去,向…外variation:變形Part3壓氣機(jī)Para.centrifugal:離心的axial:軸向的shaft:軸impeller:葉輪diffuser:擴(kuò)壓器withregardto:關(guān)于,對(duì)于,論及,提及specificthrust:?jiǎn)挝煌屏asing:機(jī)匣plenumchamber:穩(wěn)壓腔radially:輻射地,徑向地initiallywhirl:預(yù)旋8.tipspeed:葉尖速度leakage:泄露clearance:間隙,公差ballbearing:滾珠軸承rollerbearing:滾棒(柱)軸承easeofdetachment:易于拆卸forgeddisc:鑄造盤(pán),鑄件sweepback:回彎all-roundefficiency:圓周效率surge:喘振rameffect:沖壓效應(yīng)tangential:切向的aerodynamicbuffetingimpulses:氣動(dòng)抖振aerofoil:氣動(dòng)翼型angularsettingofthevanes:葉片安裝角inletguidevanes:進(jìn)口導(dǎo)流片airannulusarea:空氣環(huán)形流道面積tapering:作成錐形17.operatingflexibility:最佳速度correctthedeflection:工作適應(yīng)性airstraightener:空氣整流器airbreakaway:氣流分離bladestall:葉片失速tortuous:曲折的,扭曲的culminate:vi,達(dá)到頂點(diǎn),以…告終alignment:準(zhǔn)直,對(duì)中drum-type:鼓筒式disc-dype:盤(pán)式spline:花鍵,用花鍵連接spacerrings:墊圈bladeplatform:葉片榫緣27.rock:搖動(dòng),搖擺28.angleofincidence:傾角,迎角retainingrings:?固定環(huán),保持環(huán)inpacks:成組,成批shroud:葉冠,加葉冠bladeprofile:葉片型面flightmanoeuvre:飛行機(jī)動(dòng),飛行動(dòng)作ingestion:吸入外物34.offdesignspeed:非設(shè)計(jì)轉(zhuǎn)速cough:咳嗽abangofvaryingseverity:忽強(qiáng)忽弱的放炮聲safetymargin:安全裕度bleeding:放氣,以…抽氣減壓pneum(o)-:[詞頭]空氣,氣動(dòng),呼吸pneumonia:肺炎pneumatic:氣動(dòng)的choking:阻塞actuator:作動(dòng)筒,促動(dòng)筒r.p.m.=revolutionperminutefatigueresistance:耐疲勞42.titanium:鈦carbonorglassfibercomposite:碳或玻璃纖維復(fù)合材料magnesium:鎂enginesdesignedentirelyforlift:升力發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)balancing:平衡inviewof:由于,鑒于,考慮到Part4燃燒室Para.commercialaircrafttraffic:民用航空exhaustsmoke:排氣煙帶normal:額定的blowaway:吹熄flametube:火焰筒liner:套筒(管)meter:量度,測(cè)量,定量multi-meter:萬(wàn)用表-meter:儀表,儀器snout:主進(jìn)氣口,飛機(jī)頭部swirlvane:擾流器(葉片)perforatedflare:多孔漏斗recirculation:回流aircasing:燃燒室外套toroidalvortex:環(huán)形渦流anchor:駐定,拋錨breakup:破碎,弄細(xì)nozzleguidevanesoftheturbine:渦輪導(dǎo)向器葉片dilution:稀釋igniterplug:電嘴點(diǎn)火器self-sustained:自行保持的atomizerjets:霧化噴嘴vaporizingprinciple:汽化原理,蒸發(fā)原理baffleplate:隔板multiplechamber:?jiǎn)喂苋紵襱ube-annularchamber:環(huán)管燃燒室annularchamber:環(huán)型燃燒室17.interconnector:聯(lián)焰管overhaul:大(翻)修compactness:結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊decreaseby:減小了decreaseto:減小到airspraytypeburner:氣動(dòng)噴嘴aerate:充(通)氣,吹氣over-richpocketsoffuelvapour:過(guò)富的燃油蒸氣,油兜,油井(穴),油帶24.flameextinctior:熄火incur:招致,遭受(損失,壞結(jié)果)glide:滑翔dive:俯沖idling:慢車(chē)richlimit:富油極限weaklimit:貧油極限mixturestrength:混合物濃度loop:包線33.negligible:可忽略的creepfailure:蠕變stress:應(yīng)力strain:應(yīng)變Part5渦輪Para.torque:力矩stationary:靜止的,固定的moving:運(yùn)動(dòng)的withtheadventof:隨著…到來(lái),出現(xiàn)shaft-powerengine:渦(輪)軸發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)free-powerturbine:動(dòng)力渦輪reductiongear:減速齒輪(器)interpose:介入,插入compromise:妥協(xié),協(xié)調(diào),調(diào)和power/weightratio:功重比compatiblewith:與…相適應(yīng)的,相容的juxtaposition:排列位置pureimpulseturbine:純沖擊式渦輪purereactionturbine:純反作用式渦輪incorporated:合并,加入,包含,包括,采用cartridgeandairstarters:火藥式和空氣式起動(dòng)機(jī)7.discharge:流出8.detrimental:有害的exhaustconesupportsandstruts:排氣錐支座與支板staggerangle:葉片扭轉(zhuǎn)角-安裝角degreeofreaction:反力度12.self-aligningcoupling:自調(diào)聯(lián)軸器machinedforging:機(jī)加鑄件flange:安裝邊,法蘭盤(pán)perimeter:周長(zhǎng)permittedstress:許用應(yīng)力trailingedge:后緣leadingedge:前緣crack:裂紋hasanimportantbearingon:對(duì)…有重要影響,關(guān)系limitingrimspeed:極限輪緣速度delavalbulbrootfixing:特拉瓦球形葉根固定(法)besupersededby:以…代替(取代)…‘fir-tree’fixing:樅樹(shù)形固定(法),樅樹(shù)形榫齒serration:榫齒,鋸齒stiffen:拉緊,加強(qiáng)hollow:空心的segment:扇形段peripheral:圓周的,周邊的peri-:圓周的,周邊的22.flowcharacteristics:流量特性backpressure:反壓,背壓24.creeplife:蠕變壽命c(diǎn)reepcharacteristics:蠕變特性bendingloads:彎曲載荷thermalshock:熱沖擊highfrequencyfluctuations:高頻振蕩28.foregoing=above,precedingferritic:鐵素體的,三價(jià)鐵的ferro-:亞鐵的austenitic:奧氏體的nickel:鎳Part6排氣系統(tǒng)Parathrustreverser:反推力裝置noisesuppressor:消音器mixerunit:混合器supportfairings:整流支板7.longitudinalaxis:縱軸9.flap:折葉,片狀物,調(diào)節(jié)片nozzleaperture:噴口孔板10.r.p.m.=revolutionsperminute:每分鐘轉(zhuǎn)速12.specialheat-resistingsteels:特殊耐高溫鋼lag:鋪設(shè),包上insulatingblanket:絕熱層fibrous:纖維dimple:起皺紋,生微渦enginenacelle:發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)短艙streamlinedfairings:整流支板venthole:通氣孔chute:進(jìn)氣漏斗Part7消音器Paraannoyancelevel:擾人程度perceivednoisedecibel(PNdB):能聽(tīng)到的噪音,分貝pitch:音調(diào)tosomepower:成冪次關(guān)系xtothepowernthenthpowerofx4.wake:尾流,渦流discrete:斷續(xù)的,離散的harmonics:諧波approachthrust:進(jìn)場(chǎng)推力obviate:排除,免除,事先預(yù)防lobe-type:葉瓣形9.weightpenalty:重量損失11.optimummeannoiselevel:最佳平均噪音強(qiáng)度12.thepilot’smasterswitch:駕駛員主控開(kāi)關(guān)pneumaticrams:氣動(dòng)作動(dòng)筒charge-over:轉(zhuǎn)換13.honeycombbacking:蜂窩芯14.provision:裝置(調(diào)整機(jī)構(gòu))15.noiseradiation:噪音傳播16.sinteredfibrous-metallicmaterials:燒結(jié)的纖維金屬材料Part8Para1.wheelbrake:機(jī)輪剎車(chē)brakingparachutes:阻力傘2.landingrun:著陸滑跑距離(圖)I.S.A.=InternationalStandardAtmosphere:國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大氣4.pitch:安裝角throttlelever:油門(mén)桿(操縱桿)7.clamshell-type:蛤殼形retractableejector:伸縮式作動(dòng)器bucket-type:庫(kù)斗式blockeddoors:阻塞門(mén)9.cascadevanes:葉柵10.linkage:連桿11.latch:鎖住12.divert:使轉(zhuǎn)向,使變換方向13.flexibledrives:鋼索傳動(dòng),撓性傳動(dòng)裝置screwjack:絲杠translating:平移變換,移動(dòng)cowl:整流罩flush:齊平地fairing:整流罩16.safetyfeatures:安全(特性)措施crewcompartment:駕駛艙17.pitchcontrolsystem:槳距調(diào)節(jié)系統(tǒng)trim:調(diào)節(jié),微調(diào)malfunction:失靈,出故障20.hinged:鉸接22.insegments:成組roller:滾輪23.rod:連桿buffet:沖擊stiffen:加強(qiáng)Part9加力燃燒Para1.afterburning:補(bǔ)燃加力3.afterburner:加力燃燒室burner:噴嘴(噴燈)(圖)sleeve:套筒6.stabilizer:火焰穩(wěn)定器interconnection:聯(lián)焰7.normal:額定的lit:light的過(guò)去分詞8.catalytic:催化的platinum-baseddement:鉑基原件hotstreakofflame:熱射流hot-shotignition:熱射式點(diǎn)火9.coolflame:冷焰atsealevelataltitude13.boost:增加,提高15.pressureratiocontrolunit:壓比調(diào)節(jié)器16.geartypepump:齒輪泵17.berelayedto:傳給,中繼degreeofafterburning:加力程度20.eyelid:噴口21.struts:支板22.circularheatshield:環(huán)形隔熱屏perforated:鉆孔Part10燃油系統(tǒng)Para1.withtheexceptionof:except,apartfrom,除了…以外shut-offvalve(cock):截止閥,截止開(kāi)關(guān)throttleorpowerlever:油門(mén)桿或功率桿2.prevent…for…:防止3.pitch:螺距,槳距overspeeding:超轉(zhuǎn),超速governor:調(diào)節(jié)器,控制器4.ancillaryfunction:輔助功能7.gear-typepump:齒輪泵variable-stroke:可變行程multi-plunger:多柱塞式圖10-1:knot:結(jié),海里/小時(shí)8.free-powerturbine:自由動(dòng)力渦輪11.spillvalve:溢流閥,泄流閥14.bleed:放,泄(油,氣,水),回油capsule:膜片I.S.A.:國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大氣15.centrifugal:離心的rotorradialdrilling:轉(zhuǎn)子徑向孔diaphragm:膜片F(xiàn).C.U.=flowcontrolunit:流量控制裝置16.safetyreliefvalve:安全回油活門(mén)regardlessof:不論,不管17.dashpotthrottleunit:阻尼油門(mén)裝置portedsleeve:有開(kāi)孔的套筒rackandpinion:齒輪齒條副(傳動(dòng))20.annulus:環(huán)形通道restrictor:限制器spraynozzle:噴嘴22.capsuleassembly:膜片組件evacuatedcapsule:真空膜片pumpstroke:油泵行程23.specificgravity:比重24.centrifugalloading:離心載荷26.solenoidvalve:電磁閥27.startingnozzle:起動(dòng)噴嘴igniterplug:火花塞28.backpressurevalve:反壓閥門(mén)30.trimmingdevice:微調(diào)裝置31.opposingjets:對(duì)置噴嘴interrupterblade:遮斷葉片proportioningvalve:比例活門(mén)35.equalize:使…相等37.surge:喘振inertia:慣性timelag:時(shí)間滯后override:占優(yōu)勢(shì),超控38.meteringplunger:節(jié)流柱塞overfuelling:過(guò)量供油45.L.P.sideofthedrum:鼓筒的低壓端46.rockerarm:搖臂48.idlingspeedgovernor:慢車(chē)轉(zhuǎn)速調(diào)節(jié)器49.overstressing:過(guò)應(yīng)力50.relight:再點(diǎn)火51.all-speed:全轉(zhuǎn)速fuelflowregulator:燃油流量調(diào)節(jié)器mainburner:主噴嘴52.geartrain:齒輪泵variablemeteringsleeve:可變節(jié)流套筒cam:凸輪stirruparm:托架臂58.stop:止動(dòng)銷(xiāo)60.thermocouple:熱電偶rotaryactuator:旋轉(zhuǎn)作動(dòng)筒62.mainburnermanifold:主燃油噴嘴總管flyweight:配重63.mainandprimaryflows:主燃油和初級(jí)燃油64.waterinjection:噴水resetcam:重調(diào)凸輪72.trimmervalve:微調(diào)活門(mén)75.airoff-take:空氣取出,空氣提取77.vapourlocking:氣阻(汽化阻塞)cavitation:氣穴icecrystal:冰晶filter:過(guò)濾器oilcooler:滑油散熱器transmitter:傳感器78.plunger-typepump:柱塞式泵constant-deliverygear-typepump:等排量齒輪泵81.camplate:凸輪盤(pán)inclination:斜度84.atomize:使…霧化swirlchamber:旋渦室85.simplex:?jiǎn)斡吐穱娮靗ubbock:可調(diào)進(jìn)口噴嘴duplexorduple:雙油路噴嘴86.squarelaw:平方律91.exhaustsmoke:排氣冒煙92.flowdistributor:流量分配器gravityhead:重力壓頭94.fuel-cooledoilcooler:燃油冷卻的滑油散熱器thermostatically:恒溫的,熱靜力學(xué)的98.buoyantmaterial:輕浮材料100.conformto:與…一致
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