考研英語(yǔ)真題長(zhǎng)難句解析結(jié)構(gòu)分析含譯文名師版全2023

考研英語(yǔ)真題長(zhǎng)難句解析結(jié)構(gòu)分析含譯文名師版Attheendofadolescence,however,thebrainshutsdownhalfofthatcapacity,preservingonlythosemodesofthoughtthathaveseemedmostvaluableduringthefirstdecadeorsooflife.詞匯突破：adolescence[??d??lesns]n.青春期preserve[pr??z??rv]vt.保存；保護(hù)；維持；腌；禁獵n.保護(hù)區(qū)；禁獵地結(jié)構(gòu)分析：句子主干是thebrainshutsdownhalfofthatcapacity。分詞短語(yǔ)preservingonly...作主句的狀語(yǔ)，表示伴隨狀況；在該狀語(yǔ)從句中，that引導(dǎo)的是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾modesofthought；during...是定語(yǔ)從句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。參考譯文：然而，在青春期末，大腦會(huì)關(guān)閉一半的這種能力，只保留那些在生命的頭十年左右最有價(jià)值的思維方式。Researchersinthelate1960sdiscoveredthathumansarebornwiththecapacitytoapproachchallengesinfourprimaryways:analytically,procedurally,relationally(orcollaboratively)andinnovatively.詞匯突破：collaboratively[k??l?b?re?t?vli]adv.合作地；協(xié)作地innovatively[??n?ve?t?vli]adv.獨(dú)創(chuàng)性地；創(chuàng)新地結(jié)構(gòu)分析：本句主干是Researchersdiscoveredthat，that引導(dǎo)的是賓語(yǔ)從句，inthelate1960s是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。在賓語(yǔ)從句中，主語(yǔ)是humans，謂語(yǔ)是arebornwiththecapacity，toapproachchallengesinfourprimaryways是不定式短語(yǔ)作capacity的后置定語(yǔ)，冒號(hào)后面的部分是fourprimaryways的同位語(yǔ)。參考譯文1960年代后期的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，人類天生具有以四種主要方式應(yīng)對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)的能力：分析，程序，關(guān)系（或協(xié)作）和創(chuàng)新。Instead,thenewhabitswedeliberatelypressintoourselvescreateparallelpathwaysthatcanbypassthoseoldroads.詞匯突破：deliberately[d??l?b?r?tli]adv.故意地；緩慢而謹(jǐn)慎地bypass[?ba?p?s]n.旁路，支路；旁通管，分流術(shù)v.繞過(guò)，避開(kāi)；忽視，不顧（規(guī)章制度）；設(shè)旁路，迂回結(jié)構(gòu)分析：本句的主干結(jié)構(gòu)是thenewhabitscreateparallelpathways。wedeliberatelypressintoourselves是省略了關(guān)系代詞的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾主語(yǔ)thenewhabits；thatcanbypassthoseoldroads也是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾主句賓語(yǔ)parallelpathways。參考譯文：相反，我們刻意向自己施加的新習(xí)慣創(chuàng)造了可以繞開(kāi)那些舊路的平行途徑。Webelievethatifanimalsranthelabs,theywouldtestustodeterminethelimitsofourpatience,ourfaithfulness,ourmemoryforlocations.詞匯突破：determine[d??t??rm?n]v.（使）下決心，（使）做出決定vt.決定，確定；判定，判決；限定vi.確定；決定；判決，終止faithfulness[?fe?θf(wàn)ln?s]n.忠誠(chéng)；誠(chéng)實(shí)；正確結(jié)構(gòu)分析：句子的主干是Webelieve。theywouldtestustodetermine是前面that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句作believe的賓語(yǔ)。ifanimalsranthelabs是if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句。thelimitsofourpatience,ourfaithfulness,ourmemoryforlocations是三個(gè)名詞短語(yǔ)作determine的并列賓語(yǔ)。參考譯文：我們相信，如果動(dòng)物在實(shí)驗(yàn)室中奔跑，它們將對(duì)我們進(jìn)行測(cè)試，以確定我們的耐心，忠誠(chéng)度和位置記憶的極限。Insteadofcastingawistfulglancebackwardatallthespecieswe’veleftinthedustI.Q.-wise,itimplicitlyaskswhattherealcostsofourownintelligencemightbe.詞匯突破：cast[k?st]vt.投，拋；計(jì)算；澆鑄；投射（光、影、視線等）n.投擲，拋；鑄件；演員陣容；脫落物vi.投，拋垂釣魚(yú)鉤；計(jì)算，把幾個(gè)數(shù)字加起來(lái)implicitly[?m?pl?s?tli]adv.含蓄地；暗中結(jié)構(gòu)分析：句子的主干是itimplicitlyasks。Insteadofcasting...thespecies是介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。We’veleftinthedustI.Q.-wise是修飾allthespecies的定語(yǔ)